An examination of the various types of human-modeled technology, Advances in Applied Human Modeling and Simulation not only covers the type of models available, but how they can be applied to solve specific problems. These models provide a representation of some human aspects that can be inserted into simulations or virtual environments and facilitate prediction of safety, satisfaction, usability, performance, and sustainability. Topics include: Anthropometry and human functional data Biomechanics, occupational safety, comfort and discomfort Biometric authentications Driving safety and human performance Enhancing human capabilities through aids or training Fuzzy systems and neural computing Human behavior and risk assessment modeling Integrating software with humans and systems International cooperation in education and engineering research Intelligent agents in decision training Intelligent data and text mining Machine learning and human factors Modeling physical aspects of work Monitoring systems and human decision Psychophysiological indicators of emotion Resilience engineering and human reliability Scenario-based performance in distributed enterprises Special populations Sustainability, earth sciences and engineering System-of-systems architecting and engineering Verification and validation Virtual interactive design and assessment The math and science provides a foundation for visualizations that can facilitate decision making by technical experts, management or those responsible for public policy. In considering a systems perspective and decisions that affect performance, these models provide opportunities for an expanded role of engineers and HF/E specialist

This important new volume brings together recent research by leading international ergonomists and sport and exercise scientists. The book presents a wide range of studies in occupational ergonomics, each utilizing techniques that are also employed by sports and exercise science research groups, and therefore breaks new ground in the interface between sport and industry. Arranged into sections examining environment, special populations, human factors interface, sports technology and occupational health, this book will be an essential purchase for all those involved in sports science or ergonomics research.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203166639

This book is devoted to the examination of emerging practical issues related to automated and autonomous systems. The book highlights the significance of these emergent technologies that determine the course of our daily lives. Each unique chapter highlights human factors and engineering concerns across real-world applications, including matters related to aviation and healthcare, human-robot interaction, transportation systems, cybersecurity and cyber defense. This book also depicts the boundaries that separate humans from machine as we continue to become ever more immersed in and symbiotic with these fast-emerging technologies. Automation, across many occupations, has transitioned the human to a role of monitoring machines, presenting challenges related to vigilance and workload. This book identifies the importance of an approach to automated technology that emphasizes the "human user" at the center of the design process. Features Provides perspectives on the role of the individual and teams in complex technical systems such as aviation, healthcare, and medicine Presents the development of highly autonomous systems related to human safety and performance Examines solutions to human factors challenges presented by modern threats to data privacy and cybersecurity Discusses human perceptual and cognitive capabilities underwriting to the design of automated and autonomous systems * Provides in-depth, expert reviews of context-related developments in automation and human-robot teaming Human Performance in Automated and Autonomous Systems: Emerging Issues and Practical Perspectives applies scientific theory directly to real-world systems where automation and autonomous technology is implemented.

This book examines recent advances in theories, models, and methods relevant to automated and autonomous systems. The following chapters provide perspectives on modern autonomous systems, such as self-driving cars and unmanned aerial systems, directly from the professionals working with and studying them. Current theories surrounding topics such as vigilance, trust, and fatigue are examined throughout as predictors of human performance in the operation of automated systems. The challenges related to attention and effort in autonomous vehicles described within give credence to still-developing methods of training and selecting operators of such unmanned systems. The book further recognizes the need for human-centered approaches to design; a carefully crafted automated technology that places the "human user" in the center of that design process. Features Combines scientific theories with real-world applications where automated technologies are implemented Disseminates new understanding as to how automation is now transitioning to autonomy Highlights the role of individual and team characteristics in the piloting of unmanned systems and how models of human performance are applied in system design Discusses methods for selecting and training individuals to succeed in an age of increasingly complex human-machine systems Provides explicit benchmark comparisons of progress across the last few decades, and identifies future prognostications and the constraints that impinge upon these lines of progress Human Performance in Automated and Autonomous Systems: Current Theory and Methods illustrates the modern scientific theories and methods to be applied in real-world automated technologies.

This book explains how social psychology, sociology and anthropology can provide valuable techniques for investigating the relationship between people and design. Designers can use these techniques to assess the role that products and the built environment play in peoples' lives and apply this knowledge in the setting of product requirements, for example ergonomic user requirements, such as usability and accessibility and functional and aesthetic issues. The resulting products will not only be functional and ergonomically sound, they will also accord much better with the lifestyle and aspirations of those who experience them.
Design and the Social Sciences is written not only by designers and applied theorists, but also by specialists working at the front line in the consumer product industries. The contributors critically discuss the existing realities and the benefits that an interdisciplinary approach could bring to research, practice and education. They also identify and define possible directions for interdisciplinary work connecting design and the social sciences.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203301307

The last five years have seen a major paradigm shift in the role of Human Factors in product design. Previously this was seen as pertaining almost exclusively to product usability, but new recognition is being given to "pleasure-based" human factors. This emphasises the holistic nature of the experience of person-product interaction. Whilst traditional human factors approaches tended to characterise the user in terms of his or her physical or cognitive processing capabilities, new human factors approaches are concerned with wider lifestyle issues. The quality of a design is judged not only on it's fit with a persons cognitive and physical abilities but also depends on how it fits the person's lifestyle and self image - their hopes, dreams, values and aspirations. Under the new paradigm, human factors specialists are concerned not only with the interaction design of products, but also with the products sensorial and aesthetic qualities.
Usability may once have been a seen as an added bonus, but consumers now tend to expect a product to be usable and are disappointed if they have difficulties in use. If human factors specialists are to continue to add value to a product, then their contribution must extend beyond traditional usability issues to capture the essence of what makes a product a real joy to use.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203302273

Already a significant human factor issue, trust is an especially hot topic in today's business world where so much of the contact is virtual. Providing the first elaboration on this subject, the authors conduct an interdisciplinary investigation into the many facets of trust as they relate to the design and management of virtual business environments. They explore trust between organizations, between business partners, as well as trust between employer and employee. Involving theory and practice, this work provides the first scientific and systematic evaluation of global trends and practices regarding trust between people in all aspects of their professional lives.

Like the first edition, the revision of this successful "Handbook" responds to the growing need for specific tools and methods for testing and evaluating human-system interfaces. Indications are that the market for information on these tools and applications will continue to grow in the 21st century. One of the goals of offering a second edition is to expand and emphasize the application chapters, providing contemporary examples of human factors test and evaluation (HFTE) enterprises across a range of systems and environments. Coverage of the standard tools and techniques used in HFTE have been updated as well.
New features of the "Handbook of Human Factors Testing and Evaluation" include:
*new chapters covering human performance testing, manufacturing ergonomics, anthropometry, generative design methods, and usability testing;
*updated tools and techniques for modeling, simulation, embedded testing, training assessment, and psychophysiological measurement;
*new applications chapters presenting human factors testing examples in aviation and avionics, forestry, road safety, and software systems; and
*more examples, illustrations, graphics and tables have been added.
The orientation of the current work has been toward breadth of coverage rather than in-depth treatment of a few issues or techniques. Experienced testers will find much that is familiar, as well as new tools, creative approaches, and a rekindled enthusiasm. Newcomers will discover the diversity of issues, methods, and creative approaches that make up the field. In addition, the book is written in such a way that individuals outside the profession should learn the intrinsic value and pleasure in ensuring safe, efficient, and effective operation, as well as increased user satisfaction through HFTE.

This simple and manageable guide to user interface design is written for the professional in industry working on product development and the decision process. It is directed not only to the human factors specialists, but also to technicians, designers, marketing and product managers and students.
The book presents guidelines for user interface design including a catalogue of input and output devices for electronic appliances, adding material on the design process, interaction design, advanced input, speech interfaces, evaluation, standards, the move from usability to pleasure and cultural differences.
Each chapter stands alone, so the book can be used as a reference handbook. Contributions come from several human factors specialists working in industry and in academia. The text is extensively illustrated by product examples showing good user interface design.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203471334

This book presents new data in Applied Activity Theory (AAT) and Systemic-Structural Activity Theory (SSAT), that can be used in the study of human performance. The SSAT is the high-level generality theory that offers standardized principles of the analyses of human activity. These principles can be utilized in theoretical and applied studies. This multi-contributed book offers a selection of works that will provide a holistic picture of the field. The new data can be utilized for the study of extremely complex human-machine and human-computer interaction systems, and for evaluation of efficiency, complexity, and reliability of such systems at the design stage. Features Shows examples of self-regulative models of various cognitive processes Illustrates a method of study of production process in the construction industry Includes topics on learning, training, and management Covers a new method of computer based automated support of decision making under risk and uncertainty Presents a new method of evaluation of probabilistic structure of tasks, and the method of assessing reliability of human performance

Ergonomics often seems to be involved too late in commercial project development processes to have substantive impact on design and usability. However, in the automotive industry, and specifically in relation to In-Vehicle Information Systems (IVIS), a lack of attention to usability can not only lead to poor customer satisfaction, it can also present a significant risk to safe and efficient driving. Usability Evaluation for In-Vehicle Systems describes how to apply a range of usability evaluation methods for IVIS. The authors explore the driving context and the range of driver-IVIS interactions, using case studies that show how Ergonomics methods can add considerable value throughout the product development process. They emphasize practical approaches that can be used to predict and analyze driver behavior with IVIS. The authors also present validation evidence for the methods covered. The book has three key objectives: Define and understand usability in the context of IVIS. This guides the specification of criteria against which usability can be successfully evaluated. Develop a multi-method framework to support designers in the evaluation of IVIS usability. The underlying motivations for the framework are a need for early-stage evaluation to support proactive redesign and a practical and realistic approach which can be used successfully by automotive manufacturers. Develop an analytic usability evaluation method which enables useful predictions of task interaction, whilst accounting for the specific context-of-use of IVIS. The major challenge of this particular context-of-use is the dual-task environment created by interacting with secondary tasks via an IVIS at the same time as driving. Written for students, researchers, designers, and engineers, the book is not only a guide to the practical application of evaluation methods, it also presents important th

Contents:
PART ONE: Introduction to Hierarchical Task Analysis 1. Introduction 2. HTA- A Description of Method 3. Plans the Key to Describing Task Complexity 4. How to Analyse Tasks Using HTA 5. HTA in Different Work Domains 6. Recording the Analysis
PART TWO: Application 7. Articulating the Task 8. Team and Job Design 9. Human Resource Issues 10. Interface Design 11. Developing Documentation 12. Training Design and Development 13. Human Error Analysis 14. Integrating Solutions 15. Evaluating the System 16. Managing a Task Analysis Project 17. HTA as a Human Factors Framework Description of Method

Contents:
Introduction 1. History and Evolution 2. Building-Associated Illness 3. Building Design and Air Quality 4. Volatile Organic Compounds 5. Microbial Contamination 6. Pyschosocial and Other Factors 7. Diagnosing IAQ Problems 8. Pro-active Ways of Reducing IAQ Problems

Human factors considerations are increasingly being incorporated into the product design process. Users are seen more as being important factors in the overall look and usability of products than just as passive users. We are now treated as cognitive and physical components of the person/product system. The author, who is one of the leading lights in the field of cognitive ergonomics, looks at approaches that assume that if a task can be accomplished with a reasonable degree of efficiency and within acceptable levels of comfort, then the product can be seen as fitting to the user. In this book it is argued that in practice these approaches can be dehumanising. People are more than merely physical and cognitive processors. They have hopes, fears, dreams, values and aspirations, indeed these are the very things that make us human.
Designing Pleasurable Products looks both at and beyond usability, considering how products can appeal to use holistically, leading to products that are a joy to own.

eBook available with sample pages: 020330568X

Contents:
PART ONE: Introduction to Hierarchical Task Analysis 1. Introduction 2. Hierarchical Task Analysis - A Description of Method 3. Plans - The Key to Describing Task Complexity 4. How to Analyze Tasks Using HTA 5. HTA in Different Work Domains 6. Recording the Analysis PART TWO: Application 7. Articulating the Task 8. Team and Job Design 9. Human Resource Issues 10. Interface Design 11. Developing Documentation 12. Training Design and Development 13. Human Error Analysis 14. Integrating Solutions 15. Evaluating the System 16. Managing a Task Analysis Project 17. HTA as a Human Factors Framework Description of Method

The 2000 edition of this long running and highly respected series, contains the best papers from the Ergonomics Society Annual Conference in 2000. The individual papers provide insight into current practice, presents new research findings, and forms an invaluable reference source.
In addition to mainstream ergonomists and human factors specialists, Contemporary Ergonomics 2000 will appeal to all those who have an interest in peoples' interaction with their working and leisure environment - including designers, manufacturing and production engineers, health and safety specialists, occupational, applied and industrial psychologists and applied physiologists.

Volume 14, Number 1, 2002. Contents: J.R. Lewis, Introduction. ARTICLES: D.J. Gillan, R.G. Bias, Usability Science 1: Foundation. H.R. Hartson, T.S. Andre, R.C. Williges, Criteria for Evaluating Usability Evaluation Methods. R.E. Cordes, Task Selection Bias: A Case for User-Defined Tasks. M. Hertzum, N.E. Jacobsen, The Evaluator Effect: A Chilling Fact About Usability Evaluation Methods. J.R. Lewis, Evaluation of Procedures for Adjusting Problem-Discovery Rates Estimated From Small Samples. M. Hassenzahl, The Effect of Perceived Hedonic Quality on Product Appealingness.

The mining industry has experienced important improvements with regard to its safety record and work environment. But there is still room for further improvement and the mining industry now faces the challenge of securing a future workforce: The current workforce is aging, and mining work increasingly requires a more qualified workforce. Designing Ergonomic, Safe, and Attractive Mining Workplaces seeks to give an understanding of what must be considered in the design of mining workplaces. By reviewing and discussing the historic and current development of the mining industry as well as problems related to the safety, ergonomics, and attractiveness of mining workplaces, it demonstrates that the challenges facing the mining industry often need to be solved on a case-to-case basis. The processes through which these issues are managed are of significant importance. To facilitate a proactive approach, the book covers the principles of systematic work environment management, together with examples of methods for risk management and work environment monitoring. It introduces a systematic and iterative design and planning method for the mining industry. This method acknowledges that all relevant stakeholders must be able to influence the design of ergonomic, safe, and attractive mining workplaces. Features Takes a holistic and sociotechnical approach to current and future problems of the mining industry, which normally are dealt with in isolation or through technology Reviews historic, current, and future issues in the mining industry with regards to workplace attractiveness, health, safety, mechanization, automation, and work organization Provides several examples of these issues and attempts to address them (successfully and unsuccessfully) Covers the principles of systematic work environment management together with examples of methods for risk management and work environment monitoring for pro-actively dealing with work environment issues Introduces a systematic and iterative design and planning method for the mining industry that aims to avoid problems of traditional planning approaches and increase stakeholder and employee participation

The systems in which we work continue to evolve, creating emergent problems and often strengthening intractable issues. In order to remain relevant and impactful, the discipline of ergonomics needs its paradigms to evolve too. The aim of this book is to provide researchers and practitioners with new paradigms in the form of ideas, concepts, theories, methods, practices and values. The chapters take the reader on a journey through underlying theories, new ways to apply those theories and emerging domains in which ergonomics is expected to play a greater role. Readers of this book will be inspired by these new paradigms in ergonomics and seek to push the boundaries even further. The lifeblood of the science depends on continual evolvement and developments to take on the challenges we face in complex sociotechnical systems design and evaluation. Perhaps the most significant take-home message from this book is the demonstration of how theory maps onto practice. As such, the only remaining paradigm shift is for these ideas, concepts, methods and practices to be taken up more widely and the discipline advanced, until the next paradigm shift occurs. The chapters were originally published as a special issue in the journal Ergonomics.

Manufacturers are becoming more aware of human factors in product design as a major competitive issue. In many product areas manufacturers have reached a technology ceiling making it increasingly difficult to get ahead of the competition in terms of, for example, functionality, technical reliability or manufacturing costs. As a consequence, design has become a major battleground for manufacturers, and usability is recognised as being a central tenet of good design.
The book provides a unique snapshot of current practice in human factors, identifying methods and techniques that work well under tight constraints and providing case study evidence of their effectiveness. The commercial implications of usability are discussed and special attention is paid to two very important trends-inclusive design and smart products. Inclusive design is about meeting the needs of all users within one design, which includes the increasing elderly population and the disabled. Smart products, meanwhile, are multi-functional products with electronic interfaces containing a vast array of `helpful' functions.

Human factors/ergonomics (HFE) as a discipline has grown by accretions rather than having been developed systematically and deliberately. Therefore, this book's goal creates a formal conceptual structure for HFE. It is intended as a contribution to cultural history because (a) ours is a technological civilization, and (b) one cannot understand technology outside of the various disciplines that make up that technology. A disciplinary history is highly specialized, but the author maintains that HFE is distinctive in being the only discipline that relates humans to technology. Other behavioral disciplines like anthropology have little connection with technology, and this is what makes HFE important in the present historical era.

Human factors/ergonomics (HFE) as a discipline has grown by accretions rather than having been developed systematically and deliberately. Therefore, this book's goal creates a formal conceptual structure for HFE. It is intended as a contribution to cultural history because (a) ours is a technological civilization, and (b) one cannot understand technology outside of the various disciplines that make up that technology. A disciplinary history is highly specialized, but the author maintains that HFE is distinctive in being the only discipline that relates humans to technology. Other behavioral disciplines like anthropology have little connection with technology, and this is what makes HFE important in the present historical era.

The TransNav 2011 Symposium held at the Gdynia Maritime University, Poland in June 2011 has brought together a wide range of participants from all over the world. The program has offered a variety of contributions, allowing to look at many aspects of the navigational safety from various different points of view. Topics presented and discussed at the Symposium were: navigation, safety at sea, sea transportation, education of navigators and simulator-based training, sea traffic engineering, ship's manoeuvrability, integrated systems, electronic charts systems, satellite, radio-navigation and anti-collision systems and many others. This book is part of a series of six volumes and provides an overview of Human Resources and Crew Resource management and is addressed to scientists and professionals involved in research and development of navigation, safety of navigation and sea transportation.

This book focuses exclusively on ergonomics in the design and use of hand tools. Hand tools have been an integral supplement to the human hand since the beginning of civilization. Recently, they have been pinpointed as a prominent cause of workplace disease. Cumulative Trauma Disorders such as Tendonitus, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, and Raynaud's Syndrome are caused by the specialization of motion employed when using a screw driver, the shock to the hand and wrist when a hammer strikes a nail, or the vibration of a power saw. Ergonomics and Safety in Hand Tool Design explores the relationship between Biomechanics, Safety, and Ergonomics allowing the reader to recognize, evaluate, and control ergonomic risk factors and improve hand tool design.
After a history of hand tool use and design, the book is broken down by the various disciplines as they apply to hand tools, taking a broad approach. The author gives special attention to safe design and use, illustrated with detailed diagrams. The text serves as a guide to the human factors in safety and ergonomics for safety professionals.

Burnout is a common metaphor for a state of extreme psychophysical exhaustion, usually work-related. This book provides an overview of the burnout syndrome from its earliest recorded occurrences to current empirical studies. It reviews perceptions that burnout is particularly prevalent among certain professional groups - police officers, social workers, teachers, financial traders - and introduces individual inter- personal, workload, occupational, organizational, social and cultural factors. Burnout deals with occurrence, measurement, assessment as well as intervention and treatment programmes.; This textbook should prove useful to occupational and organizational health and safety researchers and practitioners around the world. It should also be a valuable resource for human resources professional and related management professionals.