The telecommunications industry has experienced dynamic changes over the past several years, and those exciting events and developments are reflected in the chapters of this volume. The Telecommunications Policy Research Conference (TPRC) holds an unrivaled place at the center of national public policy discourse on issues in communications and information. TPRC is one of the few places where multidisciplinary discussions take place as the norm. The papers collected here represent the current state of research in telecommunication policy, and are organized around four topics: competition, regulation, universal service, and convergence. The contentious competition issues include bundling as a strategy in software competition, combination bidding in spectrum auctions, and anticompetitive behavior in the Internet. Regulation takes up telephone number portability, decentralized regulatory decision making versus central regulatory authority, data protection, restrictions to the flow of information over the Internet, and failed Global Information Infrastructure initiatives. Universal service addresses the persistent gap in telecommunications from a socioeconomic perspective, the availability of competitive Internet access service and cost modeling. The convergence section concentrates on the costs of Internet telephony versus circuit switched telephony, the intertwined evolution of new services, new technologies, and new consumer equipment, and the politically charged question of asymmetric regulation of Internet telephony and conventional telephone service.

First Published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

First Published in 1997. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

The essays in this collection offer new evidence and new conclusions on topics in the history of African Americans in Virginia such as the demography of early slave imports, the means used to regulate slave labor, the situation of female hired slaves in the backcountry, African American women in the Civil War era, and the Garveyite grassroots organizations of the 1920s.

Instructional design theory and practice has evolved over the past 30 years from an initial narrow focus on programmed instruction to a multidimensional field of study integrating psychology, technology, evaluation, measurement, and management. The growth of instructional design (ID) has occurred because of direct needs, problems, and goals from society. Its application in planning instruction first developed in the United States with the Department of Defense during World War II with the purpose of meeting immediate concerns for effective training of larger numbers of military personnel. From the beginning, ID has rapidly expanded into applications in industrial and executive training, vocational training, classroom learning, and professional education. Although ID has its roots in the U.S., applications and theoretical growth is an international activity. However, literature at the international level is still limited to either individual author contributions or collections primarily represented by single countries. As a result, there is no standard reference source that contains the rich variety of theories and applications to form the international foundation for the field. The goal of this two-volume set is to establish international foundations for ID theory, research, and practice within the framework of the two following objectives: * to identify and define the theoretical, research, and model foundations for ID, and * to bridge the gap between ID foundations and application. Volume I includes chapters on philosophical and theoretical issues on learning theory and ID models. Volume II provides an overview of the state of the art of solving ID problems. The contributors offer contrasting points of view which provide a rare opportunity to see the diversity and complexity in the field. The editorial committee has selected a wide range of internationally known authors to make presentations in the topic areas of the field.

Even with today's mobile technology, most work is still undertaken in a physical workplace. Today's workplaces need to be healthy environments that minimize the risks of illnesses or injuries to occupants to compete in the marketplace. This necessitates the application of good ergonomics design principles to the creation of effective workplaces, and this is the focus of this book. This book will: * Focus on ergonomic design for better health and ergonomic design for better productivity * Presents environments that support new ways of working and alternative workplace strategies, as well as the impacts of new technologies * Covers the role of ergonomics design in creating sustainable workplaces * Includes ergonomics design for a wide variety of workplaces, from offices to hospitals, to hotels to vehicles, etc... * Shows the design principles on how to design and create a healthy and productive workplace The market lacks an ergonomics design book that covers the topics that this book will cover. This book summarizes design principles for practitioners, and applies them to the variety of workplace settings described in the book. No other book currently on the market does that.

This important new volume brings together recent research by leading international ergonomists and sport and exercise scientists. The book presents a wide range of studies in occupational ergonomics, each utilizing techniques that are also employed by sports and exercise science research groups, and therefore breaks new ground in the interface between sport and industry. Arranged into sections examining environment, special populations, human factors interface, sports technology and occupational health, this book will be an essential purchase for all those involved in sports science or ergonomics research.

First Published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Ergonomics (ergos - work; nomos - laws) and Human Factors have almost identical characteristics and identities and have both developed in similar ways, within the same period, and for the same reasons. The Ergonomics philosophy is the amalgamation of information from psychology, physiology and engineering to enable the environment to be designed to 'fit' the person. Ergonomics and Human Factors evolved at around the time of World War II, when fighting and defensive machines were being built far beyond the capacities and capabilities of the operators.The selection of papers included in these volumes present a corpus of material to enable the reader to obtain an overview of the subject through the writings of significant authors and reviewers in the field. Four main aspects of the working situation and of the human operator within that situation have been taken into consideration when selecting the articles for these volumes; the physical characteristics of the operator's body when 'fitting' the system, the operator's cognitive abilities when interacting with the system, the social situation in which the system operates, and the environmental features that 'surround' the system.

How Does the Body's Motor Control System Deal with Repetition? While the presence of nonlinear dynamics can be explained and understood, it is difficult to be measured. A study of human movement variability with a focus on nonlinear dynamics, Nonlinear Analysis for Human Movement Variability, examines the characteristics of human movement within this framework, explores human movement in repetition, and explains how and why we analyze human movement data. It takes an in-depth look into the nonlinear dynamics of systems within and around us, investigates the temporal structure of variability, and discusses the properties of chaos and fractals as they relate to human movement. Providing a foundation for the use of nonlinear analysis and the study of movement variability in practice, the book describes the nonlinear dynamical features found in complex biological and physical systems, and introduces key concepts that help determine and identify patterns within the fluctuations of data that are repeated over time. It presents commonly used methods and novel approaches to movement analysis that reveal intriguing properties of the motor control system and introduce new ways of thinking about variability, adaptability, health, and motor learning. In addition, this text: Demonstrates how nonlinear measures can be used in a variety of different tasks and populations Presents a wide variety of nonlinear tools such as the Lyapunov exponent, surrogation, entropy, and fractal analysis Includes examples from research on how nonlinear analysis can be used to understand real-world applications Provides numerous case studies in postural control, gait, motor control, and motor development Nonlinear Analysis for Human Movement Variability advances the field of human movement variability research by dissecting human movement and studying the role of movement variability. The book proposes new ways to use nonlinear analysis and investigate the temporal structure of variability, and enables engineers, movement scientists, clinicians, and those in related disciplines to effectively apply nonlinear analysis in practice.

This two-volume handbook set introduces the state-of-the-art development in research and applications related to usability and user-experience. Volume one includes methods and techniques and volume two covers research and case Studies. This handbook set is essential for everyone that is interested in understanding how the principles of usability and user-experience can contribute to a design that ensures that the needs of the users have been properly met. The books will cover several areas, such as the conceptual aspects of usability and user-experience, the knowledge of human characteristics in design, the methodological aspects; the books will include intervention, examples of consumer products, digital systems, and augmented and virtual realities. This set will be of interest to those working in the fields of ergonomics, designers, engineers, as well as students and practitioners.

This book offers a novel analysis of the widely-used but ill-understood technique of thought experiment. The author argues that the powers and limits of this methodology can be traced to the fact that when the contemplation of an imaginary scenario brings us to new knowledge, it does so by forcing us to make sense of exceptional cases.

This case book focuses on the leadership style of the key players. The 29 cases were chosen to present all facets of a model of leadership, stating that the most effective leaders are both transformational and transactional in their leadership style. Cases were selected for inclusion and/or developed to provide examples of leaders from across the spectrum of public and private sectors. Specific emphasis was placed on selecting male and female leaders from a broad array of cultures. A great deal has been written about a model of leadership that is referred to as a "full range" of leadership potential. This book adds to the literature, by highlighting specific people who exemplify the various styles and orientations regarding a full range of leadership potential. The book begins with an overview of what constitutes transactional and transformational leadership. This discussion is then expanded to include a Full Range of Leadership PotentialTM. Discussion of the cases highlight how to build balance in one's leadership profile to optimize the potential of leaders, followers, and their organizations. The presence or absence of styles in a wide variety of contexts will be discussed in terms of the effects on individuals, groups, or organizations. Questions are posed for discussion of each case. Practitioners who conduct or facilitate the training of leadership will find this book quite useful to their work. In addition, managers interested in developing their own leadership potential will be enabled to learn by example how different styles affect leadership performance. This book can also be used as a supplement to other books on leadership for undergraduate, graduate, and executive education courses in management.

How could Finance benefit from AI? How can AI techniques provide an edge? Moving well beyond simply speeding up computation, this book tackles AI for Finance from a range of perspectives including business, technology, research, and students. Covering aspects like algorithms, big data, and machine learning, this book answers these and many other questions.

Critically deploying the idea of uneven and combined development this book provides a novel non-Eurocentric account of Iran's experience of modernity and revolution. Recasting Iranian Modernity presents the argument that Eurocentrism can be decisively overcome through a social theory that has international relations at its ontological core. This will enable a conception of history in which there is an intrinsic international dimension to social change that prevents historical repetition. This hitherto under-theorized international dimension is, the book argues, manifest in combined patterns of development, which incorporate both foreign and native forms. It is the tension-prone and unstable nature of these hybrid developmental patterns that mark Iranian modernity, and fuelled the socio-political dynamics of the 1979 revolution and the rise of political Islam. Challenging solely comparative approaches to the Iranian Revolution that explain it away as either a deviation from, or a reaction to, modernity on the grounds of its religious form, this book will be valuable to those interested in an alternative theoretical approach to the Iranian Revolution, modern Iran and political Islam, working in the fields of International Relations, Middle East and Islamic Studies, History, Political Science, Political Sociology, Postcolonialism, and Comparative Politics.

Real People, Real Problems, Real Solutions offers a clear introduction to psychoanalytic practice from a Kleinian perspective and shows how the modern Kleinian works with the most taxing and least conforming of their patients.
Illustrated by extensive case material this book:
*reviews Freud's original theoretical concepts and examines Klein's contributions to the field of psychoanalysis, clarifying and comparing the two approaches in the clinical setting.
*identifies and explores who makes up the psychoanalyst's most challenging case load and demonstrates how the Kleinian psychoanalytic approach is helpful to these individuals.
*discusses the current state of traditional methods of training at psychoanalytic institutes, which are shown to be in need of renewal and critical restructuring.
Real People, Real Problems, Real Solutions shows how the average psychoanalyst and psychotherapist face many difficult patients in a typical days work. Together with its questioning of what really constitutes psychoanalytic therapy, this is a refreshing read for all practising and training psychoanalysts and psychotherapists.

Offering a unique perspective on vehicle design and on new developments in vehicle technology, this book seeks to bridge the gap between engineers, who design and build cars, and human factors, as a body of knowledge with considerable value in this domain. The work that forms the basis of the book represents more than 40 years of experience by the authors. Human Factors in Automotive Engineering and Technology imparts the authors' scientific background in human factors by way of actionable design guidance, combined with a set of case studies highly relevant to current technological challenges in vehicle design. The book presents a novel and accessible insight into a body of knowledge that will enable students, professionals and engineers to add significant value to their work.

Ergonomics and human factors is the discipline concerned with the application of scientifc knowledge to improve people's interaction with products, systems and environments. This book presents the proceedings of the international conference, Ergonomics & Human Factors 2015, the 29th year in which a volume in the Contemporary Ergonomics series has appeared. In addition to being the leading event in the UK that features ergonomics and human factors across all sectors, this is also the annual conference of the Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors (CIEHF). The scope and breadth of ergonomics and human factors continues to expand at a rapid pace. Contemporary Ergonomics and Human Factors 2015 reflects many of these developments and includes contributions covering the latest work in healthcare, transportation, defence, stress, manufacturing, design, and health and safety. There are also developments in data analytics, culture and complexity. This book also celebrates the long tradition of work in ergonomics and human factors which began with the formation of the Ergonomics Research Society in 1949 and culminated in 2015 with a Royal Charter. This has conferred recognition, at the highest level, of the uniqueness and value of our scientifc discipline and the preeminent role of the Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors in representing both the discipline and the profession. As well as being of interest to mainstream ergonomists and human factors specialists, Contemporary Ergonomics and Human Factors 2015 will appeal to those concerned with people's interaction with their working and leisure environment, including designers, manufacturing and production engineers, health and safety specialists, occupational, applied and industrial psychologists, and applied physiologists.

Originally published 1967, this title reveals how the missionaries, so often misguided and short-sighted, were in fact pioneers of modernization, science and freedom. The structure of the book allows for comparative analysis and the volume illustrates how some of the social consequences of action through the schools could be foreseen. In addition light is thrown on the results of Imperial rule during the nineteenth century and on the nature of the impact of Western education in Asia and Africa.

Describes the quality management underpinnings of SMS, the four components, risk management, reliability engineering, SMS implementation, and the scientific rigor that must be designed into proactive safety. Covers international requirements and implications for harmonization across international boundaries. Offers an expanded treatment of safety culture. Discusses the integration of accident investigation and SMS. Presents an expanded discussion of Probabilistic Risk Assessment and Monte Carlo methods.

Organizational Cognition is a collection of chapters written by scholars from around the world. The editors outline the history of two approaches to the study of cognition in organizations, the computational approach and the interpretive approach. The chapters represent some of the most cutting-edge research on organizational cognition, covering research that spans many levels of analysis. Much of the work in the book demonstrates how computational and interpretive approaches can be combined in a way that provides greater insight into cognitive processes in and among organizations. The editors conclude by elaborating the likely boundary conditions of each approach and how they can be combined for a more complete understanding of cognition in organizations.

The book is distinctive in its application of the early philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein to misinformation analysis. It also proposes a new theory of information quality. The book is timely as the issue of online information quality (especially on social media platforms) is now front-page news. The book proffers an alternative to the algorithmic engagement-based ranking of content by social media platforms: a new system for ranking online content based on information quality. The book also introduced two new concepts to the scholarly literature: “off-information” and “non-information”.

This is the fifth book published within the Ashgate Studies in Resilience Engineering series. The first volume introduced resilience engineering broadly. The second and third volumes established the research foundation for the real-world applications that then were described in the fourth volume: Resilience Engineering in Practice. The current volume continues this development by focusing on the role of resilience in the development of solutions. Since its inception, the development of resilience engineering as a concept and a field of practice has insisted on expanding the scope from a preoccupation with failure to include also the acceptable everyday functioning of a system or an organisation. The preoccupation with failures and adverse outcomes focuses on situations where something goes wrong and the tries to keep the number of such events and their (adverse) outcomes as low as possible. The aim of resilience engineering and of this volume is to describe how safety can change from being protective to become productive and increase the number of things that go right by improving the resilience of the system.

The goal for ergonomics has always been to adapt work, work environments, and machines to humans. But is this goal still sufficient? Does it satisfy the needs of the individual or of societies and organizations as they operate now? Constructive Ergonomics provides an answer to these questions. Rooted both in the academic world and in the world of practitioners of the domain, it details a constructive, developmental view where ergonomics seeks to eliminate the factors and conditions that impede performance and development. This book advocates that ergonomics cannot remain content with a limited and static view of adaptation, a view that would restrict its goal to designing systems that are suited to work as it is defined at a certain point in time, to workers as they are at a particular moment, and to organizations as they operate here and now. Author Pierre Falzon argues that the objective of ergonomics must be the development of individuals, based on setting up situations of action that lead to increased success and to the acquisition or construction of know-how, knowledge, and skills. The global framework presented in this book revises profoundly the goals of the discipline, elucidating a novel approach to work, health, and performance shored up by integration models from economics and management theory. An exploration of an innovative, developmental view of ergonomics, the book redefines the ambition of the discipline and describes the elements of its scope. It provides a solid and new conceptual background and methodological tools for intervening in real-life contexts.

The extent of mental illness concerns in the workforce is becoming increasingly apparent. Stress, depression, anxiety, workplace bullying and other issues are costing businesses billions every year in lost productivity, poor treatments and employee retention. Unless appropriately addressed, issues related to mental illness difficulties will result in stiff financial, organizational, and human costs for organizations. Drawing on empirical evidence from North America, the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand, the book provides a practical guide to identifying, understanding, treating and preventing individual and organizational mental health issues. The authors illustrate how organizations can save money and improve the health and wellbeing of their employees by using a psychological disability management approach in the treatment and accommodation of mental illness issues. This book will meet the needs of human resources professionals, administrators of employee assistance programs, industrial and organizational psychologists, mental health practitioners, those teaching or studying psychology and disability management, and more generally will serve to enlighten students of business management and practicing managers regarding a major workforce risk factor.