One family of viruses is responsible for the infection of many species of vertebrates. These are the retroviruses whose genomic RNA is used to support genetic information and ensures many essential functions that are required for the formation of an infectious viral particle. These functions depend on structures formed by the folding of the genomic RNA. Structures and Functions of Retroviral RNAs describes the formation of these structures and their specific interactions with nucleic acids and proteins. In light of recent advances in molecular virology, it provides an understanding of the various facets of the retroviral genome. It emphasizes in particular that the study of the structure-function relationship of retroviral RNAs is a driving force behind increased research into HIV-1, the main causal agent of AIDS. Indeed, one of the challenges of pharmacology lies in the exploitation of several targets which allow us to anticipate and stem the emergence of resistance to anti-HIV drugs. The book also presents structures and interactions that may be potential future targets in this regard.

Author William Moreira has spent decades studying and seeking God-sometimes while flying high above the clouds in his Cessna. In that time, he has discovered that God is everywhere. Now, in this new study, he takes issue with Stephen Hawking and other scientists and individuals who argue against God's existence. He seeks to disprove their theories and contemplates ways you can

use your brain to discover the true nature of the universe;

live in a manner that will lead to a happy place in eternity; and

argue against the theories of Hawking and his constituents.

While some aspects of the universe will remain a mystery, it's clear that God exists. What's more, it's up to you to find the right path to moral evolution. You must look at the infinity of the illuminated dark matter encrusted within the stars and, in exaltation, accept that there is a super power and that God is everywhere.

Join Moreira as he takes on various foolish views about the universe and existence. You can find faith, understanding, and the knowledge needed to live a more fulfilling life with The Big Nest Originated the Big Bang of Stephen Hawking's Black Holes.

Cellular Automata (CA) are a class of spatially and temporally discrete mathematical systems characterized by local interaction and synchronous dynamical evolution, which show complex behavior and are able to model biological phenomena. Cellular Automata and Complex Systems: Methods for Modeling Biological Phenomena describes the use of cellular automata to provide important insights into a vast range of physical, biological, social, economic and psychological phenomena. This book presents contemporary research on discrete dynamical systems such as one-dimensional and two-dimensional cellular automata and outlines how these systems can be exploited for artistic purposes, translating their mathematical configurations into music and visual media.