This book assumes no prior knowledge of the language and begins with the teaching of the Persian alphabet. Grammar and vocabulary are each covered in full. The course has not adopted any method of transliteration and expects the student to read and write in Persian script from the start. It places equal emphasis on reading, writing and speaking. It aims to provide the student with the necessary skills for social interaction, as well as a basis for the study of modern literature. The course consists of 48 units and favours teaching by communicative and contextual learning. Most units begin with a reading exercise used to introduce an item of grammar and new vocabulary, followed by explanations and drill exercises aimed at consolidating the student's understanding.
Each unit also contains a strong oral communication element which helps the student assimilate the theory through interaction with the teacher and other students, at first concentrating on transactional language, then moving increasingly towards more idiomatic Persian. Complete with a Persian-English and English-Persian vocabulary to all the exercises and tape recordings, this is an up-to-date textbook which can be used both by teachers or individuals wishing to learn Persian independently.

A novel approach--very useful for quick reference.--Mark Goldin Associate Professor of Spanish, George Mason University
""Very user-friendly and easy-to-find information. Alphabetical order is an innovation in comparison to other grammar guides on the market. I would recommend this guide to students of all levels.""--Keith Mason, Spanish instructor, New Providence High School.
""The explanations are to be praised for their clarity.""--Judith Nemethy, Director of Spanish Language Studies, New York University
Buscalo (Look It Up ) gives you remarkably quick, concise, and reliable answers to common problems of grammar and usage. Unlike most guides to Spanish grammar, Buscalo 's easy-to-use alphabetical format allows you to go directly to the entry that addresses your specific question. Over 500 entries cover everything from meaning, use, and grammar to precision, punctuation, and sentence structure. Cross-referenced in English and Spanish, with a helpful pronunciation guide and explanations of grammatical terms, Buscalo is a unique one-stop reference that is perfect for both casual and serious students.

Alvaro de Luna nacio en Canete (Cuenca) a finales del siglo XIV. Hijo bastardo de Alvaro Martinez de Luna, copero mayor del rey Enrique III, y de Maria Fernandez de Jarana;casada con el alcaide de la fortaleza de Canete. A los catorce y entro en el servicio de su tio, Pedro de Luna, arzobispo de Toledo, y mas tarde papa, con el nombre de Benedicto XIII. Su padre estaba, ademas, emparentado con Maria de Luna, reina de Aragon. A los dieciocho anos entro en la corte de Juan II Trastamara en calidad de paje. En 1419, tras ser entronizado Juan II, los infantes de Aragon conspiraron contra este para expandir sus posesiones en Castilla. Alvaro se caso en 1420 con dona Elvira de Portocarrero. Y Juan II decidio casar a su hermana la infanta Catalina con Enrique de Aragon para intentar convertirlo en su aliado. Mira de Amescua escribio obras de teatro inspiradas en la historia de Espana influido por Lope de Vega, acumulando numerosos personajes y acciones en una misma comedia. Sus argumentos son complicados y su estilo pretende la ornamentacion del culteranismo.

This is a comprehensive and user-friendly elementary level Hindi textbook and language learning package. This comprehensive guide to learning the Hindi language teaches you basic proficiency in everyday, conversational beginner Hindi. From learning to write the Hindi alphabet and pronounce its sounds, to using vocabulary and grammar, to communicating in dialogues, your rapidly-developing skills in Hindi will surprise you. No prior experience is necessary to learn Hindi with this book. The chapters cover many situations you'll need to travel to India, read Hindi, write Hindi, and speak Hindi. Key features of Elementary Hindi: The MP3 audio downloads help build reading comprehension and ensures correct pronunciation. Reveals real life in India through the book's characters, Deepak and Kavitha. Covers elementary-level Hindi grammar including the rules of pronunciation, nasalizations, and the past tense. Teaches the written Hindi alphabet, allowing students to start reading and writing Hindi immediately. Makes the Hindi language accessible, understandable and enjoyable. Enriched by fascinating information about the Hindi-speaking cultures of the world, Elementary Hindi brings the language to life, whether you're studying on your own, or in a classroom. The expert guidance in Elementary Hindi is carefully sequenced to be the most efficient and most supportive approach for beginners. Delacy and Joshi are two seasoned teachers of Hindi, and their experience shines out from every page. Their knowledge will help you succeed in your goal of learning Hindi. Available separately is the companion Elementary Hindi Workbook, which will help you polish the lessons learned here. The ten activities per lesson offer a range of exercises and practice opportunities that will help you achieve proficiency in everyday, conversational Hindi. All disc content is alternatively accessible on tuttlepublishing.com/downloadable-content.

In this book, Holmberg and Platzack present a theory of the role which subject-verb agreement and case morphology play in syntax. Their theory is based mainly on a detailed comparison of syntactical inflectional properties in the various Scandinavian languages, although many other languages are discussed as well. The theoretical issues discussed include abstract vs. morphological case, functional heads, verb-second, null subjects and other empty categories, pronouns and clitics, various impersonal constructions, long distance reflexives, and the double object construction. Probably the most detailed and comprehensive study to date of the interplay of case, subject-verb agreement, and other grammatical properties in the syntax of related languages, this book offers important insights for professional linguists and students with an interest in generative grammar, typology/comparative grammar, or Scandinavian and Germanic languages.

"Y escribiras muy claramente en las piedras todas las palabras de esta ley."

(Debarim - Deuteronomio 27:8)

La presente obra tiene por objetivo aclarar el texto biblico a traves de la tradicion oral del pueblo de Israel, de modo de facilitar la comprension y divulgacion de la palabra de Dios a toda la humanidad permitiendo el acceso al texto original (entregado en hebreo) y a una traduccion fiel de este. Para lograr este proposito, la estructura del texto cuenta con las siguientes caracteristicas:

1.- Fidelidad de la traduccion al texto original. Para lograr una mejor traduccion, usamos el texto hebreo original y la tradicion oral del pueblo de Israel.

2.- Transliteracion de los nombres y lugares biblicos Hemos cambiado las versiones espanolizadas de los terminos biblicos. De modo de permitir la correcta pronunciacion1 de estos agregamos simbolos especiales y acentos para indicar sonidos que no tienen representacion en espanol.

3.- Texto hebreo con puntuacion, cantilacion y fonetica La presente edicion contiene el texto hebreo original vocalizado y con cantilacion y bajo este se encuentra la fonetica. Para lograr una mayor comprension se ha dispuesto el texto hebreo frente al texto espanol.

4.- Anexos Estos permiten la profundizacion de distintas tematicas.

5.- Comentarios Los comentarios estan basados en la tradicion oral del pueblo de Israel, la cual fue recibida por Mosheh (Moises) en el monte Sinai y traspasada hasta nuestros dias. Estos se encuentran bajo el texto en espanol, aclarando la comprension de los versiculos senalados y explicando la etimologia de los terminos, es decir el origen de ellos en su raiz proveniente de la lengua hebrea.

Recent models of dialect contact, notably in the work of Trudgill, Chambers, James Milroy, and Labov have stressed the importance of the notions of salience, simplification, linguistic complexity, and the speech community in accounting for the patterns that arise. In this case-study of the speech of rural migrants in the Norwegian city of Bergen, Paul Kerswill critically examines the usefulness of these concepts, and puts recent models of dialect contact to the test for the first time against a case of such contact as it is actually happening. Dialect contact often, it is said, leads to Koineization - the emergence of new, mixed varieties of a language resulting from the intermingling of speakers of different varieties of that language. Kerswill investigates the extent to which processes of change typically ascribed to Koineization are already prefigured in the speech of the first-generation adult migrants of this study. While the author's approach is broadly quantitative he also demonstrates the importance of ethnographic and social-psychological explanations in accounting for the wide differences between individuals in the study. He argues for a sociolinguistic methodology founded on a richer and more comprehensive view of the social factors influencing, langague use.

Learn over 2,000 Japanese Kanji characters with this user-friendly Japanese language-learning book. This unique Kanji study guide provides a comprehensive introduction to all the Kanji characters on the Japanese Ministry of Education's official Joyo ("General Use") list--providing detailed notes on the historical development of each character as well as all information needed by students to read and write them. As fascinating as it is useful, this is the book every Japanese language learners keeps on his or her desk and visits over and over. This Kanji book includes: Clear, large-sized entries All of the General Use Joyo Kanji Characters Japanese readings and English meanings Stroke-count Stroke order Usage examples Mnemonic hints for easy memorization The components which make up each character are detailed, and the Kanji are graded in difficulty according to Ministry of Education guidelines, allowing students to prioritize the order in which the Kanji are learned and track their progress. This book is essential to anyone who is planning to take the official Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT) and will appeal to beginning students as well as those who wish to attain higher-level mastery of the Japanese language. It is the only book that also provides historical and etymological information about the Japanese Kanji. This latest edition has been updated to include all of the 2,136 Kanji on the expanded Joyo list issued by the Japanese government in 2010. Many entries have been revised to include the most recent research on character etymologies.