Challenges, Lessons, and Prospects for Operationalizing Regional Projects in Asia: Legal and Institutional Aspects is part of the World Bank Studies series. These papers are published to communicate the results of the Bank's ongoing research and to stimulate public discourse. For the past decade and a half, international development organisations have been making continual efforts to finance multi-country projects with regional goals. Despite their efforts, the structure of intervention through such projects has not been easy to design and implement. Experience shows that one of the reasons for this is the lack of clarity in the enabling legal framework and tools, both within the client countries as well as the development organisations. Against this backdrop, this study is born of a need for more precise and comprehensive information about the legal and institutional aspects involved in designing regional projects. Based essentially on desk research and with limited field consultation, it attempts to discuss - primarily from legal and institutional perspectives - the tools, prospects, and opportunities for designing and implementing regional projects. Paying particular focus on the emerging practice of the World Bank, and with a special reference to the Asia region, the study reviews the framework for regional projects in which international development organisations operate, the problems they face, and the possibilities they provide for countries that rely on international financing for their development. Challenges, Lessons, and Prospects for Operationalizing Regional Projects in Asia: Legal and Institutional Aspects outlines the general structures of regional projects and discusses the World Bank approach toward regional projects, the importance of political will and commitment, the general legal structures for regional projects, the uniqueness and challenges for Asia, and makes some proposals for consideration in developing regional projects. The study will be of particular interest to development professionals working in the context of regional projects and anyone interested in how legal and institutional structures impact project development.

Improving the returns to labour for low-paid workers is a key policy challenge, especially in low-income countries (LICs) where earnings increases are the single most important source of poverty reduction and an important engine of shared prosperity. Yet, the understanding of individual earnings dynamics remains limited. The small - but growing - body of empirical literature on the factors leading to larger and faster pay increases points to strong persistence in earnings over time. However, it remains unclear to what extent this is due to differences in individual endowments rather than to the fact that being in low-paying jobs itself undermines future earnings prospects, and to what extent determinants of earnings vary across types of activities and sectors. The knowledge gap is particularly large for LICs due to the limited availability of reliable panel data. This study uses unusually rich longitudinal data from Ghana and Tanzania to identify engines of, and barriers to, earnings and earnings mobility. It examines the relative role of individual endowments - such as gender, age, and skills - and characteristics of the job, but also focuses on the role of job switches - for example, moves into and out of self-employment. The analysis also zooms in on the drivers of transitions between low-paying and high-paying jobs and addresses questions such as whether being low paid is a transitory or permanent phenomenon, and whether it has a scarring effect on an individual's employment prospects. The extent to which earnings dynamics differ for women and young adults is also discussed in detail. Tanzania and Ghana provide a particularly relevant context in which to examine these issues and the cross-country comparison helps shed light on the institutional factors that promote labor market mobility and entrepreneurship. The audience for this report is broad: it is an important read for policy makers, academics, and development practitioners interested in reducing poverty and promoting shared prosperity in Ghana and Tanzania. However, its relevance spans well beyond the two countries analysed to include all developing countries where self-employment in small-scale activities accounts for a very large proportion of all employment.

In today's highly competitive global market, fashion designers, entrepreneurs, and executives need state, federal, and international laws to protect their intellectual property-their brands and the products by which their customers recognize them. Fashion Law provides a concise and practical guide to the full range of legal issues faced by a fashion company as it grows from infancy to international stature. Updated to reflect recent legal decisions and regulatory developments, this revised edition covers such vital issues as intellectual property protection and litigation, licensing, anti-counterfeiting, start-ups and finance, commercial transactions, retail property leasing, employment regulations, advertising and marketing, celebrity endorsements, and international trade. Features of the text help to make legal concepts accessible to the lay reader. More than 25 leading attorneys practicing in the emerging legal specialty of fashion law contributed the chapters for this authoritative text, and their expertise provides a foundation for fashion professionals and their legal advisors to work together effectively. New to this Edition -Expanded section on Intellectual Property protection, including an all new Chapter 6 on Litigation -All new Chapter 10 on Fashion Finance Features Features -Box Features provide real-life examples that demonstrate the role that law plays in the fashion business, including landmark court cases and current events -Practice Tips discuss legal issues that should be considered as fashion designers and executives establish procedures for conducting their business -Sample Clauses familiarize readers with the legal language that covers the rights and responsibilities of the parties to agreements -Instructor's Guide and PowerPoint (R) presentations available.

Seminar paper from the year 2012 in the subject Law - Civil / Private / Trade / Anti Trust Law / Business Law, grade: 1,3, University of Groningen, language: English, abstract: When examining the development of foreign direct investment and the effects of multinational corporations over the last decades, one has to come to the conclusion that the importance increased and grew significantly. Until the 1970s most of the countries were opposed to foreign direct investment due to a fear of losing economic and political independence by allowing foreign control over their economic resources and their key industries. Since the 1990s, there has been a positive turn towards foreign direct investment and its liberalization, because it is predominantly seen as requirement for economic growth, productivity increase, creation of export potential and technology transfer. As a result, the amount of foreign direct investment expanded faster than the world economy and the volume of international trade resulting in a need to control the investment flows and to regulate the area.1 By virtue of the rather sensitive topic of foreign direct investments, it was impossible in the past for the international community to agree upon an uniform and harmonized international regime setting out the standards for international investments. Hence, a multitude of national and international policy rules and principles govern the relevant aspects in this field resulting in a variety of international investment agreements. As an example, more than 2670 bilateral investment treaties and more than 270 other international investment agreements have been adopted globally until the end of 2008.2 Nevertheless, the plurality of the different international investment agreements with their different scopes, different types, different signatories have led to a patchwork of treaties resulting in a highly fragmented and incoherent international investment regime. As a result of this and the problems accompanying i

Knowledge of business laws is very important for the survival and growth of any organisation. This comprehensive and well-written book provides a sound understanding of the fundamentals of business laws. The book presents a thorough discussion of various legal topics such as contract laws, corporate laws, labour legislations, taxation laws and the related acts including the Sale of Goods Act, 1930, the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, the Consumer Protection Act, 1986, the Insurance Act, 1938, the Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008, the Companies Act, 1956, the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999, the Information Technology Act, 2000, the Environment Protection Act, 1986, and other important acts. The subject has been made more interesting and authentic by the inclusion of many practical examples and studies of different law cases. In addition, the book provides Review Questions at the end of each chapter. Mind maps have also been provided in most of the chapters to give readers a brief idea about the concepts discussed. In the Second Edition, new acts such as Right to Information Act and Right to Education Act have been added. More practical exercises in the form of case studies have been added in the questions section. Formats of a number of documents have also been included in this edition. The book is primarily designed for undergraduate and postgraduate students of management and other related courses to Business Law. Professionals and legal practitioners will also find the book very useful.

Setting up a family office is never an easy undertaking and can present numerous challenges for anyone seeking to steward assets for future generations or meet the complex needs of extended family members. This Special Report provides a practical guide to the main factors to consider when setting up a family office and helps families and their advisers navigate a path through the wide range of family office models in use today. In addition to a brief history of family offices and their evolution, the report covers how families can be encouraged to spend quality time thinking about their needs and aspirations - as well as their relationship to the family wealth - and explores how advisers can work alongside families most effectively. Written in an engaging, accessible style Setting Up a Family Office looks at who can benefit most from a family office and walks the reader through each key step in the process, including: *how to hire; *where to locate; *what structure to use; *how to ensure privacy and loyalty; and *the evolution of the office and the family. This report makes essential reading for anyone considering setting up a family office including advisers working alongside families on these key issues. Authors Barbara Hauser and Keith Drewery have decades of practical experience working with family offices, in all stages, and in many countries.

The NEC3 Term Service Short Contract should be used for the appointment of a supplier for a period of time to manage and provide a service. This contract is an alternative to the NEC3 Term Service Contract and us for use with contracts which do not require sophisticated management techniques, comprise straightforward work and impose only low risks on both the Employer and the Contractor. ENDORSEMENTS Construction Clients' Board endorsement of NEC3 The Construction Clients' Board (formerly Public Sector Clients' Forum) recommends that public sector organisations use the NEC3 contracts when procuring construction. Standardising use of this comprehensive suite of contracts should help to deliver efficiencies across the public sector and promote behaviours in line with the principles of Achieving Excellence in Construction. Facilities Management Board support for the NEC3 Term Service Contracts The Facilities Management Board of the Cabinet Office UK recognises that the NEC3 Term Services Contracts support good practice in FM Procurement in the public sector. BIFM supports the NEC3 Term Service Contracts

Save GBP55 when buying this bundle! * NEC3 Supply Contract * NEC3 Supply Contract Guidance Notes * NEC3 Supply Contract Flow Charts * NEC3 Supply Short Contract * NEC3 Supply Short Contract Guidance Notes and Flow Charts The Supply Contract (SC) and Supply Short Contract (SSC) are the first set of standardised terms designed for complex (SC) and low risk/simple (SSC) purchasing of goods - designed around the same model as other NEC documents yet flexible enough to apply to any industry or supply situation. The NEC3 Supply Contract should be used for local and international procurement of high-value goods and related services including design. The NEC3 Supply Short Contract should be used for local and international procurement of goods under a single order or on a batch order basis and is for use with contracts which do not require sophisticated management techniques and impose only low risks on both the Purchaser and the Supplier Accompanying each document are comprehensive Guidance Notes, which provide commentary on the contract clauses, and Flow Charts which set out the procedural logic of the contracts. The 5 new documents are available in this special bundle for a discounted price. Construction Clients' Board endorsement of NEC3 The Construction Clients' Board (formerly Public Sector Clients' Forum) recommends that public sector organisations use the NEC3 contracts when procuring construction. Standardising use of this comprehensive suite of contracts should help to deliver efficiencies across the public sector and promote behaviours in line with the principles of Achieving Excellence in Construction.

This evaluation is about the nature and magnitude of the cost savings and other benefits of business license simplification in one of the central districts of Lima, Peru. IEG asked whether the project s license simplification reform reduced costs and operating procedures and whether it increased business registration. The project was implemented from 2005 to 2007. Two evaluations done in 2007 and 2008 11 examined, respectively, whether the project led to reductions in time and procedures and whether it led to improved business outcomes. This evaluation reviewed both of those, collected additional data, and drew lessons for future operations. The evidence points to significant reductions in time, monetary costs, and business procedures for businesses that registered to obtain licenses. However, the greater formality of the business environment did not improve the enterprises access to financing, facilitate investment, or remove invisible barriers to business growth. These results have policy implications for formal business environments. Although there were not large positive effects for enterprise outcomes, enterprise owners and society overall gained through owners spending less time away from their firms to certify and register their firms. Such projects are sometimes promoted as a way to foster dynamic businesses, but the evidence in this report suggests that the more mundane time and cost savings are a significant part of the benefits. These results offer the promise of sharpening the understanding of the circumstances under which reforms may be viewed as a growth engine for a society; they also enable IFC to provide a more focused understanding of reasonable expectations for such projects. Based on these findings, IEG s evaluation offers several recommendations about follow-up evaluations, investment in data collection, and developing a base of evidence to aid in setting expectations for projects."

When all parties involved in the construction process fully understand their roles and are able to anticipate potential points of conflict, disputes and delays will be minimised.

"The Employer's and Engineer's Guide to the FIDIC Conditions of Contract" sets out the essential administrative requirements of a FIDIC based contract by reference to the FIDIC 1999 Red Book.

The obligations and duties of the Employer and the Engineer are identified and discussed. Potential pitfalls are highlighted and likely consequences pointed out.

The importance of the Employer's role in the preparation of tenders, which fully reflect his requirements and duties and obligations arising in the execution of the works, is emphasised. The key role of the Engineer in the effective administration of contracts after award is examined and commentary provided.

Included in the guide are a number of appendices, including model letters which will be of value to less experienced staff (particularly those whose mother-tongue is not the English language).

Engineers, quantity surveyors and project managers engaged in the contractual administration of international projects using FIDIC forms of contract will find the concise guidance in simple and jargon-free language provided here invaluable.

This, together with the author's earlier book, "Contractor's Guide to the FIDIC Conditions of Contract - "which describes the duties, rights and responsibilities of the Contractor - represents the totality of supervision, design and execution of construction projects executed under the FIDIC Conditions of Contract.

This book's companion website offers invaluable resources to freely download, adapt and use: Model letters for use by the EmployerModel letters for use by the ContractorSample Interim Payment CertificateModel Form for Submissions to the EngineerModel Form of Engineer's Order for Varied WorksModel Form of Daywork/Daily Record Sheets

The Short Contract is an alternative to NEC3 Engineering and Construction Contract and is for use with contracts which do not require sophisticated management techniques, comprise straightforward work and impose only low risks on both the employer and the Contractor. This document contains the contract clauses and the form for contract data. Construction Clients' Board endorsement of NEC3 The Construction Clients' Board (formerly Public Sector Clients' Forum) recommends that public sector organisations use the NEC3 contracts when procuring construction. Standardising use of this comprehensive suite of contracts should help to deliver efficiencies across the public sector and promote behaviours in line with the principles of Achieving Excellence in Construction.

Save 20% on the cost of purchasing these documents seperately. This special bundle contains everything needed to run a civil and building construction project. The Engineering and Construction Contract (ECC) is the main construction contract within the NEC3 family, from which the options A-F are extracted. It contains all core clauses and secondary option clauses, together with the schedules of cost components and forms for contract data. The NEC3 ECC Subcontract (ECS) is intended for use in appointing a subcontractor where the contractor has been appointed under the NEC3 Engineering and construction options, the available secondary options, schedules of cost components and contract data. Accompanying both documents are the ECC Guidance Notes and ECC Flow Charts, which include commentary notes on the clauses contained within the contracts, and also set out the procedural logic of the contracts. Construction Clients' Board endorsement of NEC3 The Construction Clients' Board (formerly Public Sector Clients' Forum) recommends that public sector organisations use the NEC3 contracts when procuring construction. Standardising use of this comprehensive suite of contracts should help to deliver efficiencies across the public sector and promote behaviours in line with the principles of Achieving Excellence in Construction.

NEC Managing Reality: A Practical Guide to Applying NEC3 is a series of books written by NEC experts well versed in using the NEC `at the coal face' that explain how the NEC can be used to optimum benefit in everyday environments. The second edition includes full updates to each of the five books: Introduction to the engineering and construction contract; Procuring an engineering and construction contract; Managing the contract; Managing change; Managing procedures. This new edition focuses solely on NEC3, with new practical examples from across the world. Sections on disallowable cost, defects, roles/responsibilities and schedule of cost components have been expanded and enhanced.

A growing awareness of the responsibility of corporations to respect the rights of workers and consumers and human rights generally, in addition to the impact of commercial operations upon the natural environment - constant concerns for national regulation - has engendered a relative explosion of standard-setting regimes from international institutions such as the United Nations, the European Community, and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, as well as from non-governmental organisations, trade unions, and the corporations themselves in the form of such selfregulatory measures as private voluntary initiatives and codes of conduct.

One might mistakenly think that the long tradition of economic analysis in antitrust law would mean there is little new to say. Yet the field is surprisingly dynamic and changing. The specially commissioned chapters in this landmark volume offer a rigorous analysis of the field's most current and contentious issues. Focusing on those areas of antitrust economics that are most in flux, leading scholars discuss topics such as: mergers that create unilateral effects or eliminate potential competition; whether market definition is necessary; tying, bundled discounts, and loyalty discounts; a new theory of predatory pricing; assessing vertical price-fixing after Leegin; proving horizontal agreements after Twombly; modern analysis of monopsony power; the economics of antitrust enforcement; international antitrust issues; antitrust in regulated industries; the antitrust-patent intersection; and modern methods for measuring antitrust damages. Students and scholars of law and economics, law practitioners, regulators, and economists with an interest in industrial organization and consulting will find this seminal Handbook an essential and informative resource. Contributors: J.B. Baker, R.D. Blair, A. Bradford, N. Economides, A. Edlin, E. Elhauge, D.S. Evans, J.S. Haynes, B. Klein, A.K. Klevorick, I.B. Kohler-Hausmann, J. Kwoka, D. Reitman, D.L. Rubinfeld, H.A. Shelanski, C.J. Sprigman, A.L. Wickelgren

Fur die 9. Auflage wurde der zweite Band des bewahrten Handbuchs vollig uberarbeitet und aktualisiert. Eine Aufteilung dieses Bandes in zwei Teilbande A und B wurde aufgrund der erheblichen Umfangserweiterung notwendig. Band B behandelt rechtliche Fragen aller Art, die im Zusammenhang mit der Fuhrung eines Schiffes beachtet werden mussen, befasst sich mit dem Seefrachtgeschaft und mit Schiffsunfallen und ihrer Bewaltigung. Ein ausfuhrliches Kapitel ist Besatzungsangelegenheiten gewidmet. Das Handbuch wendet sich an alle mit der Fuhrung von Schiffen befassten Fachleute."

From the Celebrated Four-language Edition of the Nakaz. A major document of the Enlightenment, the Nakaz, or Instruction, composed by Catherine the Great served to guide the assembly summoned in 1766 to draft a new code of laws for the Russian Empire. Drawn from Montesquieu, Rousseau, and other Enlightenment thinkers, the Nakaz condemned torture and capital punishment and endorsed such principles as the equality of all before the law. Published in the principal European tongues, it proved to be a statement to the world as much as a practical legal text. The present edition contains the Russian, French, German, Latin, and two contemporary English translations, biographical notes, and a bibliography. William E. Butler is the John Edward Fowler Distinguished Professor of Law and Director of the Vinogradoff Institute at the Pennsylvania State University Dickinson School of Law and Emeritus Professor of Comparative Law at University College London; Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences.

Reprint of first edition (1896). "The following pages contain a condensed statement and exposition of the accepted canons and rules for the construction and interpretation of the written laws, whether constitutional or statutory. In accordance with the general plan of the Hornbook Series, these rules have been formulated somewhat after the manner of a code, expressed in brief black-letter paragraphs numbered consecutively throughout the book, and explained, developed, and illustrated in the text." --Preface, iii.HENRY CAMPBELL BLACK [1860-1927] was also the author of the standard American law dictionary, A Dictionary of Law Containing Definitions of the Terms and Phrases of American and English Jurisprudence, Ancient and Modern Including the Principal Terms of International, Constitutional, and Commercial Law, first published in 1891, and other works.

The "Livingston Code"A comprehensive system of criminal law which, while not adopted in the United States, is still influential today because it is the first complete penal code built on Jeremy Bentham's principles of codification. From a penal standpoint the code is important as well not only in terms of its completeness and order, but from its perspective of the advancement of crime prevention over punishment. " The Code]...will certainly arrange your name with the sages of antiquity."--Thomas Jefferson"You have done more in giving precision, specification, accuracy and moderation to the system of crimes and punishments 'than any other legislator of the age, and your name will go down to posterity with distinguished honor."--James Kent"You will be numbered among the men of this age who have deserved most and best of mankind." --Victor Hugo " Edward Livingston is] . . . the first legal genius of modern times."--Henry Sumner MaineEdward Livingston 1764-1836] graduated from Princeton College at the age of 17. He was a senator from New York and later Louisiana. He served as U.S. Secretary of State from 1831-1833.

Important Scarce Compilation of Mexican Laws Relating to Texas Translated and Published in 1839Reprint of the only edition. With an introduction by Joseph W. McKnight describing its compilation, translation and publication. "An indispensable collection (...) This very scarce compilation contains the first complete translation into English of the Mexican laws relating to Texas. Very valuable for historical research, the Laws and Decrees contain over 400 individual decrees, many of which are absolutely unobtainable except in Kimball. This book was indispensable for the practice of law in the Republic of Texas." -Edward Eberstadt, Texas: Being a Collection of Rare & Important Books & Manuscripts Relating to the Lone Star State 162:461

2010 Reprint of original 1956 edition. Paperback, 114pp. Mises wrote and lectured extensively on behalf of classical liberalism and is seen as one of the leaders of the Austrian School of economics. Mises introduced praxeology as a more general conceptual foundation of the social sciences and established that economic laws were only arrived at through the means of methodological individualism firmly rejecting positivism and materialism as a foundation for the social sciences. Many of his works were on two related economic themes:1. Monetary economics and inflation; 2. The differences between government controlled economies and free trade.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. An On-the-Job Construction Administration Resource for Architects Co-written by an architect and an attorney, this is the ideal desktop guide for architects, engineers, and other design professionals in need of expert advice on navigating the construction process and anticipating, avoiding, and managing liability risks. This invaluable construction administration resource leads you, step-by-step, through a typical project--from contract to closeout. Construction Administration for Architects provides tested techniques for proactively minimizing potential construction problems, and responding strategically when unforeseen events occur. Covering private and public sector work, this comprehensive handbook contains essential information for emerging professionals as well as in-depth strategies for experienced industry veterans. Useful tips, checklists, and real-world examples are included throughout the book. Construction Administration for Architects covers: Agreements and contracts Construction document details, such as specifications, drawing notes, project scope, credits, and cost estimates Requests for proposal, bidding, and construction contract negotiation Field testing, inspection, and certification of work Documents management, including requests for substitution, requests for information, submittals, and applications for payment Problems and disputes, such as poor workmanship, hidden conditions, and change order requests Contract closeout details, including schedule claims, retainage, and liens Post-construction warranty work and records retention Managing and limiting liability risk

Selected Issues in Construction Law contains analysis of judge-made case law associated with (1) a construction contractor's duty to warn, (2) the availability of punitive and consequential damages, including lost profits, and (3) the ability to waive construction contract arbitration clauses. The information presented in this text provides a good background to the legal practitioner engaged in these aspects of construction law. This book is not a narrative on construction law nor a discussion of building codes and, while it contains legal information, it does not present legal advice. Please note that this reprinting contains information from the late 1990s and should be considered historical and in need of update to reflect the current state of the law.

All across America, in every state, across industries and occupations, workers are being injured, or killed on the job, or exposed to toxic chemicals from which they are dying.

What has happened to our nation that has allowed corporations and insurers to throw away the lives, the health of so many without caring, without fear of exposure, without being held accountable? It's called Workers' Compensation: the system we thought was there to protect us if we were injured on the job.

The title refers to a workers' compensation system in which worker deaths often cost an employer far less than correcting a safety/health hazard in the workplace; and a system in which the employer is virtually immune from prosecution for the depraved indifference that results in severe injury, toxic exposure, or death.

"Depraved Indifference" represents over five years of research and interviews. The last chapter explores where we can go from here to create a system of fairness and justice, a system that works; that puts the responsibility and accountability on the employer to make the workplace safe for workers.