The outlook for women with breast cancer has improved in recent years. Due to the combination of improved treatments and the benefits of mammography screening, breast cancer mortality has decreased steadily since 1989. Yet breast cancer remains a major problem, second only to lung cancer as a leading cause of death from cancer for women. To date, no means to prevent breast cancer has been discovered and experience has shown that treatments are most effective when a cancer is detected early, before it has spread to other tissues. These two facts suggest that the most effective way to continue reducing the death toll from breast cancer is improved early detection and diagnosis. Building on the 2001 report Mammography and Beyond, this new book not only examines ways to improve implementation and use of new and current breast cancer detection technologies but also evaluates the need to develop tools that identify women who would benefit most from early detection screening. Saving Women's Lives: Strategies for Improving Breast Cancer Detection and Diagnosis encourages more research that integrates the development, validation, and analysis of the types of technologies in clinical practice that promote improved risk identification techniques. In this way, methods and technologies that improve detection and diagnosis can be more effectively developed and implemented. Table of Contents Front Matter Executive Summary 1 Introduction 2 Benefits and Limitations of Mammography 3 Improving Breast Cancer Screening Services 4 Understanding Breast Cancer Risk 5 Biologically-Based Technologies 6 The Necessary Environment for Research and Development 7 Translating New Technologies into Improved Patient Outcomes 8 Recommendations Appendix A: Breast Cancer Technology Overview Appendix B: Workshop Agendas Appendix C: ROC Analysis: Key Statistical Tool for Evaluating Detection Technologies Appendix D: Common Weaknesses in Study Designs Glossary Index

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Diagnosis using Electromyography (EMG) presents a new and innovative method of COPD diagnosis using EMG to analyze sternomastoid muscle activity using features extraction and classification. The book describes the methodology of EMG analysis, the slope-based onset detection algorithm and SEMG analysis in time, frequency and time frequency domain analyses. It also explores the identification of frequencies for single frequency Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) analysis and feature extraction and selection for successful classification COPD into its severity grades. The book provides a compilation of all techniques used in the literatures and emphasizes newly proposed techniques for the early detection of COPD. Fully comprehensive, the book includes discussion of limitations of existing methods for COPD diagnosis and introduces new efficient methods for COPD identification, classification and early diagnosis.

This title contains a book & DVD. About the DVD: The best-selling book "Arterial Blood Gas Analysis Made Easy" discussion and excerpts are now also available in a DVD movie format. Watch this 55 minute presentation by Dr Anup, MD and learn complex topics like ABG Report, Sa02, Pulse Oximetry, Pa02, PACO2, PaCO2, Fi02, Sp02, A-a Gradient, Ca02, pH, BE and much more. Understand these parameters and common pitfalls while interpreting them. The presentation narrative uses very simple, easy-to-understand language. The viewer will find that the difficult to understand topic of ABGs becomes interesting and easy. This DVD is a must for any new resident in Internal Medicine, Casualty and intensive care units (ICU) and will further facilitate and expedite learning of the blood gas report analysis. Approximate running time: 55 minutes. About the Book: Learn basics about how to read a blood gas report. What are the principle components, how they are derived and what is their significance? This includes pH, PaCO2, PCO2, PaO2, PAO2, FiO2, CaO2, A-a gradient, SaO2, HCO3, Pulse oximetry, Carbon-monoxide poisoning, Hyperbaric Chamber. This is section I of the book. Section II of the book is a work book approach where the doctor learns to interpret blood gases from the given report (emphasis is not to use the graph) in a step by step manner. One learns to interpret simple and mixed disorders including Respiratory Acidosis, Metabolic Acidosis, Anion gap and Non Anion Gap Acidosis, Respiratory Alkalosis, Metabolic Alkalosis, Chloride Responsive and Non-Responsive Alkalosis, Mixed Disorders and common mistakes made while interpreting a blood gas report and how to avoid them. Each disorder is separately explained. Section III further challenges the resident with over 200 exercises on blood gases. Section IV is the summary of the book.

Practical and highly organized, The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2024 provides rapid access to the diagnosis, treatment, medications, follow-up, and associated conditions for more than 500 disease and condition topics to help you make accurate decisions at the point of care. Organized alphabetically by diagnosis, it presents brief, bulleted points in a templated format, and contains more than 100 diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms. This up-to-date, bestselling reference delivers maximum clinical confidence as efficiently as possible, allowing you to focus your valuable time on providing high-quality care to your patients. Get quick access to all-new content, including Inferior Vena Cava Syndrome, Newborn and Infant Feeding Guidelines, Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth, Monkeypox, Grover's Disease, and new algorithms for Interpretation of Pulmonary Function and Inflammatory Arthritis. Find the answers you need quickly thanks to an intuitive, at-a-glance format, with concise, bulleted text; hundreds of diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms; ICD-10 codes, and much more. Make confident decisions aided by current evidence-based designations in each topic. A reliable, go-to resource for clinicians in primary care, family medicine, emergency medicine, nursing, and pediatrics Written by esteemed internal medicine and family medicine practitioners and published by the leading publisher in medical content, The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2024, 32nd Edition includes a 10-Day Free Trial to 5MinuteConsult.com, an evidence-based, online workflow tool easily integrated at the point of care. 5MinuteConsult.com provides online-exclusive content, including: More than 1,200 additional topics, including the full contents of The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult and The 5-Minute Sports Medicine Consult Online-exclusive topics and algorithms on COVID-19 and telemedicine Differential diagnosis support from an expanded collection of algorithms Current evidence-based designations highlighted in each topic Thousands of images to help support visual diagnosis of all conditions A video library of procedures, treatment, and physical therapy techniques An A-to-Z Drug Database from Facts & Comparisons (R) Guidance on laboratory test interpretation from Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests More than 3,000 patient handouts in English and Spanish Approximately 100 Diseases and Conditions in Spanish ICD-10 codes FREE point-of-care CME and CE: 0.5 credits each time you search the site to find the best treatment for your patients. This activity has been reviewed and is acceptable for up to 20 prescribed credits by the AAFP and the ANCC. Consider a subscription to 5MinuteConsult.com, available for 1 year with the purchase of The 5-Minute Clinical Consult Premium 2024: 1-Year Enhanced Online Access + Print, 32nd Edition or an online-only subscription, available at www.5MinuteConsult.com Enrich Your eBook Reading Experience Read directly on your preferred device(s), such as computer, tablet, or smartphone. Easily convert to audiobook, powering your content with natural language text-to-speech.

The sixth edition of Ellestad's classic text on cardiac stress testing has been extensively updated and re-written to communicate contemporary understanding of the classical principles of stress testing to clinicians and researchers, students and seasoned practitioners alike. The current techniques for performing stress tests presented herein reflect major technologic advances in imaging, physiologic monitoring and the assessment of cardiovascular risk, addressing fundamental paradigm shifts in interventional, surgical and medical treatment of heart disease. Moreover, the text addresses the dramatic changes that are occurring in patient demographics and the environmental, socioeconomic, gender and genomic factors that crucially impact heart disease and warrant attention when performing cardiac stress testing. Chapters on the physiology of exercise testing including practical details regarding protocols for conducting the stress test, proper supervision, important parameters to be monitored, and the diagnostic and prognostic information to be gleaned from the electrocardiogram set the stage for expanded chapters on the use of cardiac imaging in conjunction with stress testing. Physiologic and metabolic considerations during stress testing are covered in detail. Application of stress testing to special populations, such as women, children, athletes, and individuals in both high and low risk groups are covered in new chapters. Finally, the authors address the use of stress testing in limited resource environments and discuss global changes in the incidence of atherosclerosis, and suggest how stress testing may evolve.

The practice of dermatopathology has evolved from viewing predominantly haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections through the microscope to include an array of more specialized tests. These are used as stand-alone tests or in addition to the H&E. Diagnostic Dermatopathology: A Guide to Ancillary Tests Beyond the H&E is a practical guide to the most important of these new diagnostic techniques. Aside from a brief review of H&E in the Introduction, the focus of the book is on the wide range of more recent ancillary tests commonly used by clinicians, including sections on special stains, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy and molecular testing. Each section describes why each of these tests is performed, how to use them and how to interpret the results they provide. Abundantly illustrated with colour photographs, diagrams and algorithms Diagnostic Dermatopathology: A Guide to Ancillary Tests Beyond the H&E is packed with practical guidance on commonly-faced diagnostic dilemmas, how the tests described can be used to resolve them and how to avoid pitfalls in the diagnostic process. The book is an essential resource for trainee and practicing dermatopathologists, dermatologists and pathologists seeking an accessible guide to the diagnostic methods which are increasingly important in dermatopathology and which go beyond the H&E.   Key features Covers the full range of diagnostic tests in dermatopathology, aside from H&E, with a focus on practical clinical information such as how to run the test, when to use it and how to interpret the results Includes special stains, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, molecular testing and point of care tests including potassium hydroxide preparations, mineral oil preparations, and Tzanck smears Single author with hand-picked specialist contributors provide a consistent approach to the subject, replete with diagnostic tips and clinical advice based on extensive personal experience

Patient assessment may be the most challenging subject for EMS students to grasp, and there never seems to be enough time in the classroom for practice. Patient Assessment Practice Scenarios allows students to fine-tune their understanding of the patient assessment process. This BLS- and ALS-level text includes 150 EMS practice scenarios (75 trauma and 75 medical) that focus on the assessment process as dictated by the National Registry medical assessment and trauma assessment skill sheets. Each case is a script of an emergency call. The student and proctor (who may or may not be an instructor) may read through the case for rote practice of the assessment process, or the student may verbally work through the assessment process, with cues from the book read by the proctor. Cases may also be used as homework, in the classroom, or for self-study! This book is for BLS or ALS students who want to successfully learn patient assessment inside and out before actually working in the field, and any EMS provider who wants to refresh his or her assessment skills.

The majority of tropical diseases manifest themselves through the skin, and while many can be diagnosed on physical examination, dermatopathologic results are often of critical importance to the diagnostic process. However, general dermatopathology texts lack images of diseases endemic in the developing world; they also lack clinical correlates linking the pathology to the clinical entity. This is a problem, because greater movement between countries where tropical diseases are prevalent and Europe, North America and other developed nations makes it essential for physicians to be able to recognize, diagnose and treat these diseases. Dermatopathology of Tropical Diseases covers the pathology and clinical correlations of the most important tropical diseases. Each entity is described using brief text that summarises its epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical features. The diagnostic process is then described and illustrated using both clinical and histopathologic images. Wherever possible, different examples are shown of the same disease, in order to illustrate as wide a variety of presentations as possible. Extensively illustrated with almost 600 photographs, Dermatopathology of Tropical Diseases is an invaluable resource for dermatopathologists, pathologists and dermatologists based in the developing world as well as those in developed countries who see tropical diseases in returned travellers and immigrant populations. Key features Includes chapters on all major tropical diseases, with both clinical and histopathological images provided for each entity, allowing the reader to correlate pathological characteristics with the clinical presentation of each disease Wherever possible, different examples of the same disease are shown, to illustrate the variety of presentations Lavishly illustrated with almost 600 colour photographs

Western medicine treats sick patients like broken machines -- figure out what is physically wrong, fix it, and send the patient on their way. But humans are not machines. When we are ill, we experience our illness: we become scared, distressed, tired, weary. Our illnesses are not just biological conditions, but human ones. It was Arthur Kleinman, a Harvard psychiatrist and anthropologist, who saw this truth when most of his fellow doctors did not. Based on decades of clinical experience studying and treating chronic illness, The Illness Narratives makes a case for interpreting the illness experience of patients as a core feature of doctoring. Before Being Mortal or The Body Keeps the Score, there was The Illness Narratives. It remains today a prescient and passionate case for bridging the gap between patient and practitioner.

2 DVDs. DVD 1 -- Essentials of ABG: Understand in simple language various parameters of the blood gas report including the SaO2, PaO2, PB, PiO2, FiO2, PaCO2, A-a DO2, pH and much more. Understand how and why normal and abnormal values are achieved and what their clinical significance is. This DVD is at least equivalent to 10 hours of reading. DVD 2 -- Details of ABG: Explains step-by-step as to how to interpret the blood gas report without using a paper, pen or calculator. Discusses simple and then mixed acid base disorders. Common conditions like metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, Respiratory Acidosis are explained in more details. This DVD is equivalent to at least 20 hours of reading and trains the reader for a life time in less than an hour. Approximate running time: 110 minutes.

Volume 68 in the internationally acclaimed Advances in Clinical Chemistry contains chapters authored by world renowned clinical laboratory scientists, physicians and research scientists. The serial provides the latest and most up-to-date technologies related to the field of Clinical Chemistry and is the benchmark for novel analytical approaches in the clinical laboratory.

Intraoperative Frozen Sections presents diagnostic challenges involved in the evaluation in the pathology lab of specimens obtained during surgery through the case experience of expert pathologists. Sixty three problems cover the wide range of approximately of problems encountered in intraoperative consultations. Each presentation provides the case information as presented to the consultant, the evaluation and analysis of the specimen, discussion of the results and teaching points observed in the case, and an overall comment providing additional context for the diagnostic problem that has been presented. This problem-oriented format makes the book a superb reference resource for the working diagnostician and an ideal teaching tool for the resident or fellow. Coverage includes paediatric specimens and there is a section describing recognition of artifacts. Each case presentation is supported by several high-quality colour photomicrographs with detailed explanations of each image, including images of the permanent sections and immunostains where applicable. Features of Intraoperative Frozen Sections Include: Cases outline expert approach to diagnostic problems and technical issues most likely to be encountered in frozen section analysis. Coverage includes pediatric specimens and recognition of artifacts. Special emphasis on difficult problems and avoiding diagnostic pitfalls. Provides common differential diagnoses for specific lesions seen in frozen section analysis (e.g. mimics of renal neoplasia). Nearly 500 high-quality colour photomicrographs and detailed discussions of diagnostic features of each image.

The healthcare industry is predominantly moving towards affordable, accessible, and quality health care. All organizations are striving to build communication compatibility among the wide range of devices that have operated independently. Recent developments in electronic devices have boosted the research in the medical imaging field. It incorporates several medical imaging techniques and achieves an important goal for health improvement all over the world. Despite the significant advances in high-resolution medical instruments, physicians cannot always obtain the full amount of information directly from the equipment outputs, and a large amount of data cannot be easily exploited without a computer. Machine Learning and AI Techniques in Interactive Medical Image Analysis discusses how clinical efficiency can be improved by investigating the different types of intelligent techniques and systems to get more reliable and accurate diagnostic conclusions. This book further introduces segmentation techniques to locate suspicious areas in medical images and increase the segmentation accuracy. Covering topics such as computer-aided detection, intelligent techniques, and machine learning, this premier reference source is a dynamic resource for IT specialists, computer scientists, diagnosticians, imaging specialists, medical professionals, hospital administrators, medical students, medical technicians, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

According to a wry saying among radiologists, finding a tumour in a mammogram is like finding a snowball in a blizzard. Up to thirty percent of breast-cancer diagnoses are given to those who have no cancer at all. Medicine is subject to far more uncertainty than we commonly acknowledge. While it is portrayed a science, it can sometimes be scarily close to educated guesswork. Covering everything from the efficacy of Prozac to the regular barrage of health advice by the media, Snowball in a Blizzard is a profound meditation on why it's essential that doctors and their patients know what we don't know. The world is more complicated than we like to believe. Informed by years of frontline medical experience and filled with personal reflections, this important book is filled with counter-intuitive revelations about flawed reasoning, helpful guidance and hard-earned insight. It will change the way you view the health of yourself, your loved ones or your patients.

Psychosis has many causes. Psychiatrists typically receive a thorough training in its diagnosis, but the diagnosis of psychosis secondary to non-psychiatric conditions is often not emphasized. An understanding of the underlying cause is important so that effective management programs can be implemented. The Diagnosis of Psychosis bridges the gap between psychiatry and medicine, providing a comprehensive review of primary and secondary causes of psychosis. It covers both common and rare causes in a clinically focused guide. Useful for both teaching and reference, the text covers physical and mental state examination, describes key investigations, and summarises the non-psychiatric features of medical conditions causing psychosis. Particularly relevant for psychiatrists and trainees in psychiatry, this volume will also assist neurologists and general physicians who encounter psychosis in their practice.

Learn basics about how to read a blood gas report. What are the principle components, how they are derived and what is their significance? This includes pH, PaCO2, PCO2, PaO2, PAO2, FiO2, CaO2, A-a gradient, SaO2, HCO3, Pulse oximetry, Carbon-monoxide poisoning, Hyperbaric Chamber. This is section I of the book. Section II of the book is a work book approach where the doctor learns to interpret blood gases from the given report (emphasis is not to use the graph) in a step by step manner. One learns to interpret simple and mixed disorders including Respiratory Acidosis, Metabolic Acidosis, Anion gap and Non Anion Gap Acidosis, Respiratory Alkalosis, Metabolic Alkalosis, Chloride Responsive and Non-Responsive Alkalosis, Mixed Disorders and common mistakes made while interpreting a blood gas report and how to avoid them. Each disorder is separately explained. Section III further challenges the resident with over 200 exercises on blood gases. Section IV is the summary of the book.

This is a set of 2 DVDs. About the DVDs: DVD 1 - "Essentials of ABG": with the help of this DVD, you can understand in simple language various parameters of the blood gas report including the SaO2, PaO2, PB, PiO2, FiO2, PaCO2, A-a DO2, pH and much more. You can also understand how and why normal and abnormal values are achieved and what their clinical significance is. This DVD is at least equivalent to 10 hours of reading. DVD 2 - "Details of ABG": this DVD explains step-by-step as to how to interpret the blood gas report without using a paper, pen or calculator. It discusses simple and then mixed acid base disorders. Common conditions like metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, Respiratory Acidosis are explained in more details. This DVD is equivalent to at least 20 hours of reading and trains the reader for a life time in less than an hour. Approximate running time of this title is 110 minutes.

Clinical Investigations at a Glance provides an up-to-date, evidence-based overview of diagnostic investigations, looking at their choice, importance and interpretation for commonly presenting symptoms and conditions. Designed to help develop the evidence-based use of investigations and interpret results properly, the book provides a unique perspective on many critical issues in medical testing, with the aim of improving diagnostic accuracy and reducing unnecessary tests or harm. Clinical Investigations at a Glance is structured in three parts: an overview of tests; common presentations (such as chest pain, nausea and vomiting, weight loss and anaemia,); and conditions organized by body system, such as cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease and nephrology. Key features include: How to interpret investigations, using high quality illustrations to compare normal and diseased results Evidence-based, including references How to select the most appropriate investigation, the accuracy of tests and how to manage incidental findings

Bile acids are increasingly being seen as extremely important carcinogenic agents in cancers of the bile duct, liver, colon, rectum, and oesophagus. They are essential agents involved in lipid digestion and absorption in mammals, however, they also play wide-ranging roles in a variety of disease states ranging from diabetes to cancer. They have evolved exquisite mechanisms for controlling their own synthesis and to ensure that they are produced at correct concentrations and also kept in the correct anatomical environment. It is only when these fine levels of controls are breached that Bile acids become associated with disease. This breaching of control mechanisms can occur through dietary means (e.g. in obesity) whereby excessive levels of Bile acids are produced and converted (via the bacterial flora) to damaging secondary Bile acids. Furthermore, lack of re-absorption of Bile acids can lead to liver pathologies. The atypical movement of Bile acids into the oesophagus, stimulated by episodes of reflux, is linked to oesophageal cancer. In recent years there have been tremendous advances in the understanding of the mechanisms behind the toxicity and bioactivity of different Bile acids and these are covered at length in this book. Prior to the publication of this book there was no single source of information on the toxicology and bioactivity properties of Bile acids. The book also uniquely collects all the relevant information together regarding the role of Bile acids in human disease and the mechanisms underlying Bile acid induced pathology. Additionally, as Bile acids are synthesised from cholesterol, there is wide recognition of the role for Bile acids in obesity linked diseases and this is also covered in this new publication. The book is edited by two experts in the field who have been involved in Bile acid research for several years and who are closely involved with major research groups in the UK, Europe and the US actively engaged in Bile acid research. The Editors have brought together world experts in their own fields to discuss the contribution of Bile acids to various disease pathologies, as well as discussing the mechanisms behind their activity. The book details the plethora of biological activities of this fascinating group of naturally occurring chemicals and provides a one-stop reference for scientists wishing to gain a fuller understanding of Bile acid activity and function.

The role and function of the nurse is rapidly changing, and nurses are now required to undertake a comprehensive clinical examination of patients, a responsibility traditionally undertaken by a doctor. Clinical Examination Skills is an accessible, introductory guide to helping nurses fulfil this role, enabling them to understand the core skills and knowledge needed to assess patients competently. This practice-based book will be invaluable to pre-registration nursing students and newly qualified nursing staff, empowering them to meet the challenges of autonomous practice.

This issue of Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, guest edited by Dr. John Morley, is devoted to Rapid Geriatric Assessment. Articles in this issue will address Frailty; Sarcopenia; Anorexia of Aging; Mild Cognitive Impairment; Cognitive Frailty; Falls; Hip Fracture; Depression; Delirium; and Advanced Directives and Palliative Care.