This issue of Endocrinology Clinics, authored by experts worldwide, provides essential updates about insulin-like growth factors (IGFs).? The physiology is examined, including the latest in what we have learned from animal models as well as humans.? The issue also covers IGFs and IGF system in the following: growth disorders; adipogenesis and obesity; muscle function and disease; bone; cancer; cardiac function and disease; normal and diseased kidney; peripheral nervous systems; gastrointestinal diseases; diabetes and metabolism; and IGF-1 central/degenerative diseases.

This issue of the Neurosurgery Clinics of North America, Guest Edited by Drs. Manish Aghi and Lewis Blevins, is devoted to Management of Pituitary Tumors.? Experts in the field have assembled to provide articles on Imaging of the pituitary and parasellar region; Management of Incidentally Found Nonfunctional Pituitary Tumors; Endoscopic Surgery for Pituitary Tumors; Prolactinomas - Medical versus Surgical Management; Neurosurgery for Cushing's Disease; Postoperative radiotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery for pituitary tumors; Management options for persistent postoperative acromegaly; Medical management of persistent and recurrent Cushing's disease; Management of Large Aggressive Nonfunctional Pituitary Tumors - Experimental Medical Options when Surgery and Radiation Fail; Pituitary Carcinoma; Visual Outcomes after Surgery For Nonfunctional Adenomas Causing Visual Compromise; and Hypopituitarism and Central Diabetes Insipidus: Peri-Operative Diagnosis and Management.

First published in 1943, "Vitamins and Hormones" is the longest-running serial published by Academic Press. The Editorial Board now reflects expertise in the field of hormone action, vitamin action, X-ray crystal structure, physiology and enzyme mechanisms.

Under the capable and qualified editorial leadership of Dr. Gerald Litwack, "Vitamins and Hormones" continues to publish cutting-edge reviews of interest to endocrinologists, biochemists, nutritionists, pharmacologists, cell biologists and molecular biologists. Others interested in the structure and function of biologically active molecules like hormones and vitamins will, as always, turn to this series for comprehensive reviews by leading contributors to this and related disciplines.

This volume focuses on sleep hormones.

Key features:

* Contributions from leading authorities * Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field

This volume contains the proceedings of the International Symposium on Growth Factors and Wound Healing: Basic Science and Potential Clinical Applications, held in Boston from September 28-October 1, 1995. The objective of this symposium is to provide basic and clinical investigators state-of-the-art information on the biology of wound healing and tissue repair. Written and edited by eminent experts in the field, the papers herein cover the general concepts of wound healing; the role of nutrients in wound healing responses; endogenous growth factors and wound healing; clinical applications of growth hormone and IGF-1 therapy; and clinical applications of peptide growth factors.

New research has shown that neuroendocrine tumors are more common than previously thought. Progress in our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of these not-so-rare cancers has resulted in renewed interest in developinginnovative therapeutic options. In particular, novel molecular targeted agents have been shown to have significant anti-tumor activity, and integration of these therapies has led to critical advances in management.

In this volume, an outstanding group of the world s leaders in the field have assembled to convey their knowledge of the epidemiology, biology, and management of allthemajor types of neuroendocrine tumors. The book takes a multi-modality approach to understanding disease processes and therapeutics, including chapters on medical and surgical treatment as well as a chapter devoted to imaging. Throughout, the authors emphasize recent advances in our understanding of molecular biology and the subsequent emerging therapeutic options.

The aim of this issue is to provide the thoracic surgeon with information about the staging and treatment of cancer to the mediastinal lymph nodes. The issue includes articles on the anatomy and physiology of the lymph nodes, imaging of the lymph nodes, and various techniques for diagnosing and dissecting the lymph nodes, including video-assisted mediastinoscopic lymphadenectomy and transcervical extended mediastinal lymphadenectomy.

This issue of Medical Clinics of North America provides the latest essential updates on thyroid disorders and diseases.? Topics covered include the following: thyroid synthesis and physiology; hyperthyroidism; hypothyroidism; thyroid nodules; goiter; differentiated thyroid cancer; subacute, silent, and postpartum thyroiditis; thyroid and pregnancy; thyroid and the elderly; medications and thyroid hormones; thyroid and the heart; thyroid and lipids; and Graves' ophthalmology.

This compendium provides a wide view covering everything from molecular mechanisms and risk factors for neurological disorders to the effects of bariatric surgery on brain function and functional neuroimaging applied to obesity research. The impact of obesity on brain function and the development of neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders has been understudied, despite the recent proliferation of obesity research. Among the topics covered are adipose biology, the adipose tissue - gut - brain axis, brain energy metabolism, dementia, cerebrovascular disease, and multiple sclerosis.

The articles in this issue give an overview of current issues facing the diagnosis and treatment of diseases involving? endocrinology and metabolism. Dr. Rapaport has compiled experts in this field to write state-of-the art clinical reviews on newborn screening, congenital hypothyroidism, neonatal endocrinology, obesity, and? the metabolic syndrome in pediatrics. Also included are articles devoted to growth issues, gonadal disorders, and diabetes as well as initiatives to prevent it.

Diabetes can limit blood supply to the feet resulting in loss of feeling, which means foot injuries do not heal well and may go unnoticed. People with diabetes are 15 times more likely to have a limb amputated due to gangrene (NHS Choices). Presented as case studies, this book is a practical guide to the diabetic foot, with a focus on the different types and stages of diabetic foot disease and clinical management. Divided into nine sections, the book begins with in depth coverage of diagnostic tools. Each of the following sections discusses the treatment of different diabetic foot disorders, from simple cures to more aggressive and advanced modalities to avoid amputations.

The Third Edition of this classic compendium, Vitamin D, is the most comprehensive, authoritative reference available in the field. In two volumes and over 100 chapters, the editors and authors have marshaled all currently available data on the basic mechanisms, normal physiology and effects on disease of Vitamin D; they have laid out for the reader up-to-date and expert information on the role of vitamin D in health and many disorders. With new chapters on multiple cancers, this complete reference work is essential for anyone working in endocrinology, osteology, bone biology, or cancer research. Volume One chapters cover the chemistry and metabolism of vitamin D, role in mineralization, other target organs, and general physiological effects. Volume Two is more clinically oriented addressing deficiency problems (including diagnosis, interactions in the endocrine system, and involvement in malignancies). Volumes One and Two are now sold separately in print. Volume One ISBN: 9780123870353; Volume Two ISBN: 9780123870346.

Endocrine imaging is covered extensively in this issue of Radiologic Clinics. Articles will include: Thyroid Ultrasound, Part 1: Technique and Diffuse Disease; Thyroid Ultrasonography, Part 2: Nodules; Thyroid: Nuclear Medicine Update; Thyroid Cytology: Challenges in the Pursuit of Low-Grade Malignancies; Diagnosis and Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma; Thyroid Carcinoma: The Surgeon's Perspective; Imaging Surveillance of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer; Parathyroid Imaging; Adrenal Imaging: From Addison to Algorithms; Imaging of Neuroendocrine Tumors; Imaging of the Pituitary, and more!

This comprehensive issue of the Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America provides the latest information on the intersection between endocrinology and rheumatology, and explores rheumatologic manifestations of endocrine disease.? Topics covered include thyroid disease (hyperthyroid, hypothyroid, chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, and thyroid disorders in patients with connective tissue diseases such as RA, Sj?gren's Syndrome, scleroderma, juvenile RA, and hemochromatosis); parathyroid disease (hyperparathyroid, hypoparathyroid, rheumatic complaints associated with metabolic bone disease such as osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and renal osteodystrophy); diabetes mellitus (rheumatic manifestations of metabolic syndrome, diffuse idiopathic hyperostosis, carpal tunnel syndrome, adhesive capsulitis, flexor tenosynovitis, and Dupuytren's contracture); adrenal disorders (Addison's Disease and Cushing's Syndrome); disorders of the pituitary gland (acomegaly and hypothalamic-gonadal axis); and pregnancy.

From Ernest L. Mazzaferri, MD MACP: ." . . experts in their respective areas, provide succinct editorial comments with references for each article, which the practicing physician will find useful in day-to-day practice." There's no faster or easier way to stay informed! The Year Book of Endocrinology brings you abstracts of the articles that reported the year's breakthrough developments in endocrinology carefully selected from more than 500 journals worldwide. Expert commentaries evaluate the clinical importance of each article and discuss its application to your practice.

This two-part issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America provides the endocrinologist with comprehensive essential updates about tumors of the gastroenteropancreatic system.? Topics covered include the history and development of the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine axis; the changing face and epidemiology of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs); chromogranins current state of the art, pathology of gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) disorders; new and emerging syndromes related to gastrointestinal (GI) hormones; an update on incretins; prospects for ghrelin in the clinic, obesity/appetite and hedonism; GI motility disorders; gastric bypass and GI hormones; pancreatic exocrine function and GI hormones; harnessing the pancreatic stem cell; how to diagnose NETs before there are METs; NETs in kids: combining the SEER data for children and adults with site differences; novel biomarkers for NETs; standard imaging techniques for NETs; novel peptide imaging: glucagon receptor; signaling mechanism in NETs as targets for therapy; update on clinical trials; nutrition and the GEP; peptide radiotherapy; in vitro analysis of NETs: the role of angiogenesis; modern lab evaluation of peptide and amines: a continuing role for radioimmunoassay?; surgery/surgical management of NETs; and evaluation and quality of life in NETs patients.

This book aims to equip readers with a better understanding of neuroendocrine tumors of the abdomen and explains how to manage them optimally by making use of novel therapeutic options that represent major advances on previous treatments. The most recent advances in epidemiology, genetics, molecular biology, biomarkers, pathology, diagnostics, clinical assessment, medical therapy, and surgical treatment are presented. The information and data provided will stimulate readers to develop their personal opinions on significant issues and assist in decision making in individual patients during routine clinical practice. The book features a multidisciplinary approach and is designed to meet the needs of all physicians seeking comprehensive guidance from experts on the management of patients with neuroendocrine tumors. It will also be of value for researchers wishing to acquaint themselves with the state of the art in the field and emerging research avenues. Abdominal Neuroendocrine Tumors is published in Springer's highly successful Updates in Surgery series, which now comprises more than 20 titles.

Circadian rhythms are such an innate part of our lives that we rarely pause to speculate why they even exist. Some studies have suggested that the disruption of the circadian system may be causal for obesity and manifestations of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Shift-work, sleep-deprivation and bright-light-exposure at night are related to increased adiposity (obesity) and prevalence of MetS. It has been provided evidence of clock genes expression in human adipose tissue and demonstrated its association with different components of the MetS. Moreover, current studies are illustrating the particular role of different clock genes variants and their predicted haplotypes in MetS.

The purpose of Chronobiology and Obesity is to describe the mechanisms implicated in the interaction between chonodisruption and metabolic-related illnesses, such as obesity and MetS, with different approaches."

This volume provides the reader with a pathophysiological perspective on the role of CNS in puberty and adolescence, starting from genetic/molecular aspects, going through structural/imaging changes and leading to physical/behavioral characteristics. Therefore, renowned investigators involved in both animal and human research shared recent data as well as overall appraisal of relevant questions around CNS control of puberty and adolescence. No doubt that this volume will inspire those involved in either scientific research or clinical practice or both in the fascinating field of puberty and adolescence.

This issue features internationally renowned experts who have provided their expertise on a variety of topics related to the importance of vitamin D. It was not until feedback loops were identified between vitamin D production and parathyroid hormone, phosphate that it earned its place as a true endocrine hormone. Current social and economic conditions have brought it back into the limelight with outbreaks of rickets and osteomalacia even in developed countries. However its complex regulation, together with the identification and characterization of the vitamin D receptor and its role in influencing multiple genetic pathways and function has heralded a new era highlighting its importance in health and disease. This includes its role in autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, diabetes mellitus, cancer especially breast and prostate, skin, neurological and cognitive disorders, and infectious diseases such as tuberculosis. We now know that adequate levels of vitamin D it is important in preventing falls and fracture. The need for supplementation and the amount recommended has also changed considerably from what we previously considered sufficient. The ongoing development of selective active analogs of vitamin D targeted to specific organs and function leads to the exciting possibility of improving outcomes of diseases associated with vitamin D regulation.

The complex and fascinating subject of endocrinology can often seem rather daunting for non-specialists. For practising endocrinologists too, maintaining a broad overview of the subject can be a major task. Laboratory Animal Endocrinology has been written with both these audiences in mind. Focusing on the species regularly used in experimental studies (including rodents, dogs and monkeys), each chapter presents a wealth of information on hormone structure, synthesis, secretion, receptors, second messengers and their actions, and considers the various physiological and pharmacological processes which may be involved in hormonal regulation. Interspecies’ differences in hormonal structure, metabolism and interactions with drugs and other chemicals are particularly important to toxicologists and in drug safety evaluation. Laboratory Animal Endocrinology also explores these areas of research and provides much-needed support for the interpolation of endocrine data from one test species to another and to humans. The book is not intended exclusively for toxicologists however, but will prove indispensable for all those working with laboratory animals.