This book provides an overview of the latest knowledge of the psychological aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and paves the way for advances in this rapidly evolving field. Taking an evidence-based approach, the book elucidates the ways in which PCOS causes anxiety and depression, impacts Quality of Life (QoL), and is associated with other psychological issues. The psychological impact of key features of PCOS are explored too, with a special focus on insulin resistance / diabetes, and fertility issues. The book concludes with a chapter on practical recommendations on how best to help with anxiety and depression in PCOS. An important feature of this book is its identification of the ways in which testosterone, a defining characteristic of PCOS, impacts psychology. In doing so it fills a lacunae in current research and offers evidence that maps out the complex ways in which biology impacts psychology in PCOS, and also how psychology can be harnessed to impact biology in a positive way. It will appeal in particular to scholars and clinicians in the fields of health psychology and women's health.

This book provides the first comprehensive overview of the emerging field of interdisciplinary salivary bioscience. It serves as a foundational reference guide to the collection, analysis, and interpretation of salivary data, as well as its myriad applications in medicine, surveillance and public health. The ease and non-invasive nature of saliva collection makes it highly useful in diverse fields such as pediatrics, dentistry, neuroscience, psychology, animal welfare and precision medicine. This book introduces students and scientists alike to the vast potential of salivary bioscience in both research and practice.

The obesity epidemic has generated immense interest in recent years due to the wide-ranging and significant adverse health and economic consequences that surround the problem. Much attention has been focused on behaviors that lead to obesity, in particular to over consumption of energy-dense food and to sedentary lifestyle. However, obesity is an extremely complex condition with poorly defined pathogenesis. Thanks to greatly enhanced research in the area, the discovery of pathways in the brain and peripheral organs that mediate energy homeostasis has provided a framework for understanding the biological basis of obesity. Metabolic Basis of Obesity adds an important new dimension to the growing literature on obesity by offering a comprehensive review of specifically how metabolic imbalance culminates in obesity. Developed by a team of expert authors, this important title discusses the principles of energy balance, genetics of body weight regulation, hormones and adipokines, and metabolic pathways in the brain, liver, muscle and fat, to name just several of the areas covered. The book also examines the connection between obesity and diabetes, cardiovascular disease and other complications. Current and future diagnostic and treatment strategies are also reviewed. Comprehensive and timely, Metabolic Basis of Obesity is an essential reference for understanding the burgeoning problem of obesity.

Hormonal influences, both natural and iatrogenic, are implicated in the most frequent health issues of women. Endometrial cancer is now the most common gynecologic cancer in the United States and the industrialized world. This cancer is strongly related to hormonal and metabolic factors. In addition, breast cancer treated with hormone therapy (Tamoxifen) may, in some cases, be associated with uterine pathology. Hormone therapy is used to improve the physiological effects and counteract abnormal and deleterious effects of "natural" hormonal activity. Millions of women receive hormone therapy at some point of their life: using oral contraceptives, reproductive technology, treatment for post-menopausal symptoms, among other uses. This book addresses a range of women's health issues, from fertility to neoplasms, and their relationship with natural and iatrogenic hormonal effects. Chapters include clinical and pathological descriptions, theoretical and practical medical issues, and original studies and cases. Controversial issues in certain hormone therapies are presented with updated concepts based on clinical studies and novel statistical methods. The book will be useful for specialized and general physicians, oncologists, endocrinologists, researchers, medical students, and others in the field of women's health.

Vasopressin, Volume 113 in the Vitamins and Hormones series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting updates on timely topics, including Diabetes Insipidus in Pregnancy, Vasopressin Inactivation: Role of Insulin-Regulated Aminopeptidase, Vasotocin and the Origins of the Vasopressin/Oxytocin Receptor Gene Family, Vasopressin V2 Receptor Ligand Recognition, Development and Therapeutic Potential of Vasopressin Synthetic Analog [V4Q5]dDAVP as a Novel Anticancer Agent, Cellular Junctions and Vasopressin, Vasopressin Actions in the Kidney Renin Angiotensin System and its Role in Hypertension and Renal Disease, Oxytocin/Vasopressin-Like Neuropeptide Signaling in Insects, and much more.

Aquaporin Regulation, Volume 112, the latest release in the Vitamins and Hormones series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters highlighting Perspectives on the evolution of aquaporin superfamily, Structure and dynamics of aquaporin-1, Selectivity and Transport in Aquaporins from Molecular Simulation Studies, Aquaporin regulation in metabolic organs, Phosphorylation of human AQP2 and its role in trafficking, Regulation of Aquaporin-2 by RNA Interference, Aquaporin Regulation: Lessons from Secretory Vesicles, CFTR Regulation of Aquaporin-mediated Water Transport, Glucocorticoid Gene Regulation of Aquaporin-7, and much more.

Epidemiology of Thyroid Disorders provides comprehensive, clinical knowledge to professionals dealing with thyroid disorders. The book focuses on the pathophysiology of thyroid disorders, the prevalence and incidence of various diseases, and their prevention. This focused analysis on thyroid disorders raises awareness of this global problem that, once diagnosed or misdiagnosed, can sometimes lead to over-treatment and cardiovascular complications, especially in the elderly. This succinct, targeted reference gives the reader excellent information on the epidemiology of global thyroid disorders, as well as up-to-date treatment data and a special focus on prevention.

Endocrinology, as a discipline, was a late arrival in the corpus of established subjects. Its growth in recent years has been prodigious, extending from mor phology to molecular levels. Most of the major endocrine glands were noted by the early anatomists, although the adrenal glands were not described until 1563 by Bartholomaeus Eustachius (1520-1574). On the other hand, elucidation of the function of these glands was extremely slow. Key work by A. A. Berthold (1849), although overlooked at the time, showed that comb atrophy in castrated fowl was prevented by testis transplantation. The idea that glands produced substances reach ing the bloodstream directly and not via excretory ducts stemmed from Claude Bernard, who first used the term internal secretion in 1855. The clinical observa tions of Thomas Addison at Guy's Hospital-published as a monograph in 1855 entitled The Constitutional and Local Effects of Disease of the Suprarenal Capsules -were seminal. However, the stimulus of this early research did not bring imme diate widespread further investigations. Upon the discovery of secretin in 1902, Bayliss and Starling considered the term "internal secretion" to be clumsy, and the term "hormone" was coined (from OQ UW-1 excite or arouse) and it was first used by Starling in his Croonian of 1905."

Tuberculous Meningitis: Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy focuses on the most common and most lethal manifestation of tuberculosis of the central nervous system. It includes up-to-date reviews of the diagnosis, treatment, and management of tuberculous meningitis in adults and children. Extensive guidance is provided for the treatment of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant tuberculosis and tuberculous meningitis. Clinicians and researchers will find the beginning chapters on immunopathology and epidemiology of great use in their efforts to develop new strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous meningitis.

Sex matters! Are there differences between the sexes when it comes to brain function and the behaviours that result? This volume attempts to answer this fundamental question. If the answer is 'yes' then this should impact upon our approach to treating mental illness in humans, and to modelling it in animals, as we look for aetiological and pharmacological solutions.

Hormonal Signaling in Biology and Medicine: Comprehensive Modern Endocrinology covers the endocrine secretions produced by every organ. This extensive collection of knowledge is organized by tissue, addressing how certain hormones are synthesized in multiple tissues, along with their structure, function and pathways, which are very applicable for researchers in drug design who need to focus on a specific step along the pathway. This is a must have reference for researchers in endocrinology and practicing endocrinologists, but it is also ideal for biochemists, pharmacologists, biologists and students.

This book is the first to focus on the range of innovations that have been critical to the emergence of modern endocrine surgery. It provides a state-of-the art review of these developments, providing surgeons a single resource to better understand them. The text is broken into five parts. The first two parts cover the diagnosis and preoperative work-up of thyroid disease and parathyroid disease. Part three and four cover surgical adjuncts and surgical techniques. Finally, part five covers post-operative management and reviews developments that have allowed for ambulatory management to become a standard aspect of endocrine surgery. The book is written by experts that have been the primary proponents of the individual innovations. Chapters discuss the challenges and issues that the innovation address, its current state or use, and potential short- and long-term future directions/advances. Equipped with the knowledge provided by this text, surgeons can assess their own practice and choose to integrate innovations that may improve their patients' outcomes. Innovations in Modern Endocrine Surgery serves as a valuable resource for all physicians and trainees interested in the how and why of performing modern thyroid and parathyroid surgery. It also allows surgeons to measure the state of their current practice against the most progressive techniques and determine if opportunities exist to update their approach.

Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Arthritis and Inflammatory Diseases, Second Edition is a valuable scientific resource that focuses on the latest advances in bioactive food research and the potential benefit of bioactive food choice on arthritis. Written by experts from around the world, the book presents important information that can help improve the health of those at risk for arthritis and related conditions using food selection as its foundation.

Clinical Urologic Endocrinology: Principles for Men's Health provides an organized, accessible reference on men's endocrinological health. Over 30 million men in the US alone suffer from erectile dysfunction and over 13 million men in the US suffer from hypogonadism (low testosterone). One out of seven couples also suffer from subfertility of which 50-60% have male factor involvement. More and more men are coming forward to seek treatment for such issues, which in the past were considered taboo and there is a strong need for a book which provides guidance for practitioners who support men in their reproductive and sexual concerns. This book covers in depth the key issues in male reproductive health in one easy-to-use resource. Clinical Urologic Endocrinology: Principles for Men's Health is a valuable reference for urologists, endocrinologists, internal medicine physicians, family medicine physicians, sex therapists, and allied health professionals providing care for men in the areas of sexual health, fertility, and men's endocrinological health.

Iron Metabolism, Volume 110, the latest release in the Vitamins and Hormones series first published in 1943, covers the field of hormone action, vitamin action, X-ray crystal structure, physiology and enzyme mechanisms, with this release focusing on topics relating to hepcidin, bacterial infection, and iron overload, the role of heparan sulfates in hepcidin regulation, hepcidin CDNA and human gene sex hormones, growth factors and hepcidin, HFE gene polymorphisms and hereditary hemochromatosis, hepcidin and il-1beta, hepcidin-ferroportin axis, cardiomyocyte hepcidin, adipocyte iron, leptin and hepcidin, regulators of hepcidin expression, and much more.

Originally published in 1935, this volume contains the text of the fifth Horsley Memorial Lecture, delivered by Sir Walter Langdon-Brown. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in medical history, particularly the history of the discovery of the endocrine system.

Aldosterone, Volume 109, the latest release in the Vitamins and Hormones series first published in 1943, covers the field of hormone action, vitamin action, X-ray crystal structure, physiology and enzyme mechanisms, with this release focusing on topics relating to Aldosterone Research, Aldosterone and Micrornas, the Evolution of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Aldosterone and Kidney Micrornas, Adipocyte Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Regulation of Aldosterone Secretion, Leptin and Aldosterone, Cell- and Ligand-Specific Interactions in Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling, Primary Aldosteronism, Present and Future, Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas, Overexpression of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Aldosterone and Myocardial Pathology, and much more.

The disorders induced by iodine deficiency affect at least one billion people. Because ofits effects on brain development, iodinedeficiency is the single most preventable cause of mental retardation in the world. Therefore, the United Nations and the Heads of State of almost all the world's countries represented at the Summit for Children in 1990 adopted resolutions to eradicate the disorders induced by iodine deficiency (IDD) by the year 2000. For geological and socio-economic reasons, most of the populations affected by iodine deficiency disorders live in isolated and usually mountainous areas, in pre industrialized parts ofthe world. The problem of iodine deficiency in Europe has been greatly underestimated in the last decades. After the remarkable studies on the effects of iodine deficiency and their prevention and correction in Switzerland, IDD was generally considered no longer a significant public health problem in Europe. However, surveys carried out in the early 1980's under the auspices of the European Thyroid Association, clearly demonstrated the persistence of moderately or even severely affected areas. These surveys also highlighted the lack ofinformation about large parts ofEurope, especially its eastern part. It is only quite recently, following major changes in international relations and thanks to the support of UNICEF, WHO, the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders and the European Thyroid Association, that more extensive surveys have been conducted in several parts of Europe hitherto almost unexplored. These surveys showed that most European countries were iodine deficient."