Iron Metabolism, Volume 110, the latest release in the Vitamins and Hormones series first published in 1943, covers the field of hormone action, vitamin action, X-ray crystal structure, physiology and enzyme mechanisms, with this release focusing on topics relating to hepcidin, bacterial infection, and iron overload, the role of heparan sulfates in hepcidin regulation, hepcidin CDNA and human gene sex hormones, growth factors and hepcidin, HFE gene polymorphisms and hereditary hemochromatosis, hepcidin and il-1beta, hepcidin-ferroportin axis, cardiomyocyte hepcidin, adipocyte iron, leptin and hepcidin, regulators of hepcidin expression, and much more.

This issue of Endocrinology Clinics brings the reader up to date on the important advances in research in endocrinology topics covered include reproducnd psychiatry. Guest edited by Eliza Geer, the topics covered include stress, sleep disorders, antipsychotic medications, eating disorders, insulin resistance, drug and alcohol addictions and more.

This issue of Endocrinology Clinics brings the reader up to date on the important advances in research surrounding the role of aging on the endocrine system. Guest edited by Anne Cappola, the topics covered include reproductive aging in women, thyroid disorders, testosterone administration, osteoporosis in older adults, hormonal therapeutics and more.

This issue of Endocrinology Clinics brings the reader up to date on the important advances in research surrounding the neuroendocrine control of metabolism. Guest edited by Christoph Buettner, the topics covered include leptin signaling, hypothalmic inflammation, hypoglycemia awareness, perinatal programming of metabolic disease, substrates, and more.

This issue of Endocrinology Clinics brings the reader up do date on the current standards and important advances in insulin therapy.? The following clinical topics are discussed: types of insulins, including new insulins; goals of therapy; pathophysiology of, and insulin treatment in type1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus; pumps and glucose sensors; alternative insulin delivery; patient and provider insulin resistance; inpatient insulin therapy; insulin therapy in pregnancy; and pediatric insulin therapy.

Every surgical subspecialty has been rapidly developing with establishment of the board certification. The Division of Endocrine Surgery (DES) of the European Board of Surgery has defined the curriculum for Endocrine Surgery to include thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and GEP-NET surgery, and handles accreditation in Endocrine Surgery. The first examinations in Endocrine Surgery in Europe have been introduced in 2003. The main goal of the exam is to maintain a uniform and high standard of endocrine surgical professionalism across the Europe. This book was completed with the expectation that it would benefit all European surgeons looking to be certified in Endocrine Surgery. Additionally, surgeons from the United States and other non-EU countries we hope will also benefit from this book. There is a need for a specialized book that reviews evidence based endocrine surgery that aligns itself with current curriculum standards in the field. The book contains knowledge that is expected to be known on the board examination of the DES. In general, chapters start with a patient's case followed by questions. The subsequent comprehensive yet concise main text provides all the information needed for a successful DES exam and cites important references. After the patient case and questions, the text goes on to define the condition, the standard of care approach to establish the diagnosis, perform diagnostic tests of choice, review evidence-based treatment options including medical therapy, preparation for surgery. The chapters conclude with follow up care and long term outcomes. The topics discussed within this book closely follow the curriculum of the European Board of Surgery Examination. Written by experts in the field, Endocrine Surgery Comprehensive Board Exam Guide is a valuable source of preparation for the Endocrine Surgery examination and brings Endocrine Surgery to a higher level of expertise by helping to raise the standard of training for future endocrine surgeons.

This issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics provides essential updates across the spectrum of pediatric endocrinology. Topics covered include Prevention of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus; genetics of growth; diagnosis in prepubescent girls; Turner and Noonan Syndromes; thyroid function in Down Syndrome; chronic disease; effects of ADHD treatment on growth; Vitamin D and bone health; use of statins; and obesity prevention.

This issue of the Neurosurgery Clinics of North America, Guest Edited by Drs. Manish Aghi and Lewis Blevins, is devoted to Management of Pituitary Tumors.? Experts in the field have assembled to provide articles on Imaging of the pituitary and parasellar region; Management of Incidentally Found Nonfunctional Pituitary Tumors; Endoscopic Surgery for Pituitary Tumors; Prolactinomas - Medical versus Surgical Management; Neurosurgery for Cushing's Disease; Postoperative radiotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery for pituitary tumors; Management options for persistent postoperative acromegaly; Medical management of persistent and recurrent Cushing's disease; Management of Large Aggressive Nonfunctional Pituitary Tumors - Experimental Medical Options when Surgery and Radiation Fail; Pituitary Carcinoma; Visual Outcomes after Surgery For Nonfunctional Adenomas Causing Visual Compromise; and Hypopituitarism and Central Diabetes Insipidus: Peri-Operative Diagnosis and Management.

The Year Book of Endocrinology brings you abstracts of the articles that reported the year's breakthrough developments in endocrinology carefully selected from more than 500 journals worldwide. Expert commentaries evaluate the clinical importance of each article and discuss its application to your practice. Topics such as Diabetes, Lipoproteins and Ahterosclerosis, Obesity, Thyroid, Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Adrenal Cortex, and Neuroendocrinology are represented highlighting the most current and relevant articles in the field.

This issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics provides a comprehensive review of osteoporosis written by the world's leading experts. Topics include new mechanistic insights into pathophysiology; bisphosphonates; combination therapy; atypical fractures; non-BP anti resorbers; anabolic therapies; calcium; the impact of Vitamin D on bones; extraskeletal effects of Vitamin D; glucocorticoid osteoporosis; relation to anorexia nervosa, coeliac disease, and diabetes; and male osteoporosis.

This issue of Endocrinology Clinics, authored by experts worldwide, provides essential updates about insulin-like growth factors (IGFs).? The physiology is examined, including the latest in what we have learned from animal models as well as humans.? The issue also covers IGFs and IGF system in the following: growth disorders; adipogenesis and obesity; muscle function and disease; bone; cancer; cardiac function and disease; normal and diseased kidney; peripheral nervous systems; gastrointestinal diseases; diabetes and metabolism; and IGF-1 central/degenerative diseases.

The aim of this issue is to provide the thoracic surgeon with information about the staging and treatment of cancer to the mediastinal lymph nodes. The issue includes articles on the anatomy and physiology of the lymph nodes, imaging of the lymph nodes, and various techniques for diagnosing and dissecting the lymph nodes, including video-assisted mediastinoscopic lymphadenectomy and transcervical extended mediastinal lymphadenectomy.

This issue of Medical Clinics of North America provides the latest essential updates on thyroid disorders and diseases.? Topics covered include the following: thyroid synthesis and physiology; hyperthyroidism; hypothyroidism; thyroid nodules; goiter; differentiated thyroid cancer; subacute, silent, and postpartum thyroiditis; thyroid and pregnancy; thyroid and the elderly; medications and thyroid hormones; thyroid and the heart; thyroid and lipids; and Graves' ophthalmology.

This issue of Endocrinology Clinics covers essential updates in a range of common endocrine disorders that are of special concern during pregnancy, as well as endocrine problems that can arise due to pregnancy.? A variety of thyroid, pituitary, adrenal, and hypertensive disorders are covered, as well as calcium and bone metabolism disorders during pregnancy and lactation.? Diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes, and pregestational diabetes are addressed.? Iodine disorders in pregnancy and lactation are covered.? Hyperprolactinemia and infertility are also addressed.? Special concerns of obesity in women with reproductive dysfunction are considered.? An in-depth guide to achieving a successful pregnancy with PCOS is provided

The articles in this issue give an overview of current issues facing the diagnosis and treatment of diseases involving? endocrinology and metabolism. Dr. Rapaport has compiled experts in this field to write state-of-the art clinical reviews on newborn screening, congenital hypothyroidism, neonatal endocrinology, obesity, and? the metabolic syndrome in pediatrics. Also included are articles devoted to growth issues, gonadal disorders, and diabetes as well as initiatives to prevent it.

This issue of Endocrinology Clinics brings the reader up to date on the latest information about hormones and cancer of the breast and prostate.? The first section focuses on the breast, and topics covered include the following.? The role of sex steroids and their receptors in normal breast development; estrogen carcinogenesis in breast cancer; hormonal mechanisms underlying the relationship between obesity and breast cancer; postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy and the risk of breast cancer; aromatase inhibitors, anti-estrogen and SERMS in the treatment of breast cancer; and androgens in breast cancer in men and women.? The second section is devoted to the prostate, and topics covered include the following.? Overview of prostate anatomy, histology, and pathology; the critical role of sex steroids in normal prostate development; estrogens and androgens in prostate cancer development and the rationale for hormonal chemopreventive therapies; weighing the clinical evidence regarding the timing and extent of androgen ablative therapy for prostate cancer treatment; new hormonal therapies for castration-resistant prostate cancer; and the management of the side effects of castration therapy.

The Year Book of Endocrinology brings you abstracts of the articles that reported the year's breakthrough developments in endocrinology carefully selected from more than 500 journals worldwide. Expert commentaries evaluate the clinical importance of each article and discuss its application to your practice. Topics such as Diabetes, Lipoproteins and Ahterosclerosis, Obesity, Thyroid, Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Adrenal Cortex, and Neuroendocrinology are represented highlighting the most current and relevant articles in the field.

Now in a revised and expanded third edition, this case-based guide emphasizes the latest investigative advances in both imaging and molecular diagnostics and new treatment approaches for a wide variety of common and complex endocrine conditions. Utilizing unique clinical case histories, each main endocrine condition and disorder is curated by a senior Section Editor with an introduction to his or her area covering both physiology and pathophysiology. This introductory chapter is followed by a number of case histories written by invited experts and designed to cover the important relevant pathophysiology, following a consistent chapter format for ease of use, including bulleted objectives, case presentations, review of the diagnosis, lessons learned, and 3-5 multiple-choice review questions. Section headings include the pituitary, thyroid (overactivity, underactivity and cancer) and parathyroid, adrenal disorders, metabolic bone disease, type 2 diabetes, lipid abnormalities, obesity, and pregnancy. Topics new to this edition include PCOS, transgender medicine and the endocrine effects of viral infections. With a focus on covering major parts of the APDEM curriculum, A Case-Based Guide to Clinical Endocrinology remains a tremendous resource for junior and veteran clinicians alike.

This book covers the scope of cranial nerve monitoring of all cranial nerves that are of practical importance in head, neck, and thyroid surgery. It discussed enhanced patient outcomes in a wide array of surgical procedures in the head and neck that require the maintenance of complex regional functions by protecting cranial nerve integrity. Organized into four parts, the book begins with Part I offering historical perspectives on the subject while simultaneously reviewing various basic and advanced electrophysiology. Part II thoroughly reviews the extra-temporal bone facial nerve (CN VII), Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX), Vagal/Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (CN X), Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI), and Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII). Subsequent chapters in Part III provide a complete and applied understanding of the neurophysiological principles that facilitate the surgeon's ability to monitor any nerve and intraoperative neural stimulation and nerve monitoring. The book presents various techniques as the standard of care to provide optimal neural detection, understand the neural functional real-time status during surgery and optimize specific surgical outcomes such as thyroid surgical outcomes. Closing chapters offer essential conversations regarding ethical considerations in nerve monitoring and medical malpractice. Filling a gap in the literature, Intraoperative Cranial Nerve Monitoring in Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery provides a single source for surgeons who wish to optimize their outcomes in patient care and accelerate their learning curve to the level of more experienced surgeons.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been increasing worldwide, and it is becoming a public health concern. In this book, the pathophysiological risk factors of progression from normoglycemia to prediabetes and the lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions for preventing or delaying the development of glucose intolerance is examined. Furthermore, the insulin signaling pathway regulates the cellular uptake of glucose and wholebody metabolic homeostasis in mammalians. This book explores the improvement of estrogen signaling in preventing the comorbidities of insulin resistance. The next chapter focuses on nutritional management during the perioperative period, focusing on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. There are three major problems for nutritional management during the perioperative period. These problems are addressed and suggestions are made on how to alleviate them. Finally, Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal inherited disorder in Caucasians, affecting 1 in 2,500 - 2,800 live births. The last chapter examines impaired glucose tolerance in cystic fibrosis.

This important issue of Endocrinology Clinics is devoted to the unique topic of endocrine-adrenal and steroid hypertension. The following topics are covered. An overview of endocrine systems and hypertension; accuracy and cost effectiveness of screening for adrenal-endocrine hypertension; pheochromocytoma and related chromaffin cell tumors in adreno-medullary disease; variants, detection, and treatment of Cushing's Syndrome; how glucocorticoids cause hypertension and cardiovascular disease; primary aldosteronism, Conn's diagnosis and management; familial or genetic primary aldosteronism in Gordon's Sydrome; Liddle's Syndrome, Bartter, Gitelman, and related disorders of high and low pressure and pregnancy-related hypertension due to MR mutation; glucocorticoid remediable hypertension; low rennin hypertension in childhood; ovarian hypertension and PCOS; and oral contraceptives and hypertension.

This book provides a practical guide to decision making within bariatric surgery. Through uniform and well-structured chapters, topics relating to patient selection, preoperative preparation, the ethics of bariatric surgery, choice of procedure, complications, late failure and management, malabsorptive procedures, and pediatric bariatric surgery are discussed and examined. Difficult Decisions in Bariatric Surgery aims to help readers navigate an increasingly complex surgical specialty and come to reasoned and evidence-based conclusions. This book is of interest to practicing and trainee surgeons, endocrinologists, endoscopists, and pediatricians.

This two-part issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America provides the endocrinologist with comprehensive essential updates about tumors of the gastroenteropancreatic system. Topics covered include the history and development of the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine axis; the changing face and epidemiology of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs); chromogranins current state of the art, pathology of gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) disorders; new and emerging syndromes related to gastrointestinal (GI) hormones; an update on incretins; prospects for ghrelin in the clinic, obesity/appetite and hedonism; GI motility disorders; gastric bypass and GI hormones; pancreatic exocrine function and GI hormones; harnessing the pancreatic stem cell; how to diagnose NETs before there are METs; NETs in kids: combining the SEER data for children and adults with site differences; novel biomarkers for NETs; standard imaging techniques for NETs; novel peptide imaging: glucagon receptor; signaling mechanism in NETs as targets for therapy; update on clinical trials; nutrition and the GEP; peptide radiotherapy; in vitro analysis of NETs: the role of angiogenesis; modern lab evaluation of peptide and amines: a continuing role for radioimmunoassay?; surgery/surgical management of NETs; and evaluation and quality of life in NETs patients.

Endocrine imaging is covered extensively in this issue of Radiologic Clinics. Articles will include: Thyroid Ultrasound, Part 1: Technique and Diffuse Disease; Thyroid Ultrasonography, Part 2: Nodules; Thyroid: Nuclear Medicine Update; Thyroid Cytology: Challenges in the Pursuit of Low-Grade Malignancies; Diagnosis and Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma; Thyroid Carcinoma: The Surgeon's Perspective; Imaging Surveillance of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer; Parathyroid Imaging; Adrenal Imaging: From Addison to Algorithms; Imaging of Neuroendocrine Tumors; Imaging of the Pituitary, and more!