This book investigates in detail the emerging deep learning (DL) technique in computational physics, assessing its promising potential to substitute conventional numerical solvers for calculating the fields in real-time. After good training, the proposed architecture can resolve both the forward computing and the inverse retrieve problems. Pursuing a holistic perspective, the book includes the following areas. The first chapter discusses the basic DL frameworks. Then, the steady heat conduction problem is solved by the classical U-net in Chapter 2, involving both the passive and active cases. Afterwards, the sophisticated heat flux on a curved surface is reconstructed by the presented Conv-LSTM, exhibiting high accuracy and efficiency. Besides, the electromagnetic parameters of complex medium such as the permittivity and conductivity are retrieved by a cascaded framework in Chapter 4. Additionally, a physics-informed DL structure along with a nonlinear mapping module are employed to obtain the space/temperature/time-related thermal conductivity via the transient temperature in Chapter 5. Finally, in Chapter 6, a series of the latest advanced frameworks and the corresponding physics applications are introduced. As deep learning techniques are experiencing vigorous development in computational physics, more people desire related reading materials. This book is intended for graduate students, professional practitioners, and researchers who are interested in DL for computational physics.

Eschewing a more theoretical approach, Portfolio Optimization shows how the mathematical tools of linear algebra and optimization can quickly and clearly formulate important ideas on the subject. This practical book extends the concepts of the Markowitz "budget constraint only" model to a linearly constrained model.

Only requiring elementary linear algebra, the text begins with the necessary and sufficient conditions for optimal quadratic minimization that is subject to linear equality constraints. It then develops the key properties of the efficient frontier, extends the results to problems with a risk-free asset, and presents Sharpe ratios and implied risk-free rates. After focusing on quadratic programming, the author discusses a constrained portfolio optimization problem and uses an algorithm to determine the entire (constrained) efficient frontier, its corner portfolios, the piecewise linear expected returns, and the piecewise quadratic variances. The final chapter illustrates infinitely many implied risk returns for certain market portfolios.

Drawing on the author 's experiences in the academic world and as a consultant to many financial institutions, this text provides a hands-on foundation in portfolio optimization. Although the author clearly describes how to implement each technique by hand, he includes several MATLAB programs designed to implement the methods and offers these programs on the accompanying CD-ROM.

Invariant, or coordinate-free methods provide a natural framework for many geometric questions. Invariant Methods in Discrete and Computational Geometry provides a basic introduction to several aspects of invariant theory, including the supersymmetric algebra, the Grassmann-Cayler algebra, and Chow forms. It also presents a number of current research papers on invariant theory and its applications to problems in geometry, such as automated theorem proving and computer vision. Audience: Researchers studying mathematics, computers and robotics.

This IMA Volume in Mathematics and its Applications RANDOM SETS: THEORY AND APPLICATIONS is based on the proceedings of a very successful 1996 three-day Summer Program on "Application and Theory of Random Sets." We would like to thank the scientific organizers: John Goutsias (Johns Hopkins University), Ronald P.S. Mahler (Lockheed Martin), and Hung T. Nguyen (New Mexico State University) for their excellent work as organizers of the meeting and for editing the proceedings. We also take this opportunity to thank the Army Research Office (ARO), the Office ofNaval Research (0NR), and the Eagan, MinnesotaEngineering Center ofLockheed Martin Tactical Defense Systems, whose financial support made the summer program possible. Avner Friedman Robert Gulliver v PREFACE "Later generations will regard set theory as a disease from which one has recovered. " - Henri Poincare Random set theory was independently conceived by D.G. Kendall and G. Matheron in connection with stochastic geometry. It was however G.

1 Grundlagen.- 1.1 Allgemeine Grundlagen.- 1.1.1 Ziele und Aufgaben.- 1.1.2 Methoden.- 1.1.3 Geschichte und Einordnung.- 1.1.3.1 Geschichte der Bauwerksvermessung.- 1.1.3.2 Geschichte des Vermessungswesens.- 1.1.3.3 Geschichte der Architekturphotogrammetrie.- 1.1.4 Rechtliche Grundlagen und Rahmenbedingungen.- 1.1.4.1 Internationale Vereinbarungen und Organisationen.- 1.1.4.2 Baugesetzbuch, Denkmalpflegegesetze, Vermessungsgesetze.- 1.2 Messgroessen und Masseinheiten.- 1.2.1 Strecken.- 1.2.2 Winkel.- 1.3 Bezugssysteme und Koordinaten.- 1.3.1 Bezugsflachen.- 1.3.2 Koordinaten.- 1.3.3 Koordinatensysteme.- 1.3.3.1 Polarkoordinaten.- 1.3.3.2 Lokale Koordinatensysteme.- 1.3.3.3 Regionale Koordinatensysteme.- 1.3.3.4 Globale Koordinatensysteme.- 1.3.3.5 Geographische Koordinaten.- 1.3.3.6 Geozentrische Koordinaten.- 1.3.4 Koordinatentransformationen.- 1.3.4.1 Translation (2D).- 1.3.4.2 Massstabslose Transformation (2D).- 1.3.4.3 AEhnlichkeitstransformation (2D).- 1.3.4.4 Vereinfachte AEhnlichkeitstransformation mit 2 Passpunkten (2D).- 1.3.4.5 Affintransformation (2D).- 1.3.4.6 Weitere ebene Koordinatentransformationen.- 1.3.4.7 Raumliche Koordinatentransformation (3D).- 1.3.5 Festpunktfelder.- 1.3.5.1 Netz trigonometrischer Punkte zur Lagedefinition.- 1.3.5.2 Hoehennetz.- 1.3.6 Vermessungsnetze fur die Bauwerksvermessung.- 1.3.6.1 Netzdesign.- 1.3.6.2 Vermarkung.- 1.3.6.3 Design und Fertigung von Punktsignalisierungen.- 1.3.6.4 Auswahl naturlicher Passpunkte.- 1.3.6.5 Schnurnetz zur temporaren Vermarkung.- 1.3.6.6 Punktubersichten und Einmessskizzen.- 1.4 Fehlerlehre und Statistik.- 1.4.1 Fehlerarten und ihre Wirkung.- 1.4.1.1 Zufallige Fehler.- 1.4.1.2 Systematische Fehler.- 1.4.1.3 Grobe Fehler.- 1.4.2 Fehlerfortpflanzung und Ausgleichsrechnung.- 1.4.3 Rechenscharfe und Rundung.- 1.4.4 Toleranzen im Bauwesen.- 2 Dokumentation von Gebauden und Ensembles.- 2.1 Amtliche Dokumentation.- 2.1.1 Katasterunterlagen.- 2.1.2 Amtliche Karten.- 2.1.3 Lageplan.- 2.1.4 Geoinformationssysteme (GIS).- 2.2 Plane.- 2.2.1 Grundriss.- 2.2.2 Schnitt.- 2.2.3 Ansicht.- 2.2.4 Detaildarstellungen.- 2.2.5 Massstabe und Detaillierungsgrad.- 2.2.6 Materialien und Aufbewahrung.- 2.3 3D-Beschreibungen.- 2.3.1 CAD-Modell.- 2.3.2 Animation.- 2.3.3 Virtual Reality.- 2.3.4 Augmented Reality.- 2.4 Fotografie.- 2.4.1 Analoge Fotografie.- 2.4.1.1 Fotografisches Material.- 2.4.1.2 Kameras.- 2.4.1.3 Objektive.- 2.4.1.4 Licht.- 2.4.1.5 Belichtung.- 2.4.1.6 Archivierungen von Fotomaterialien.- 2.4.2 Digitale Bilder.- 2.4.2.1 Flachensensoren.- 2.4.2.2 Zeilenkameras.- 2.4.2.3 Spezialkameras.- 2.4.3 Scannen analoger Fotovorlagen.- 2.4.4 Digitale Bildverarbeitung.- 2.5 Textliche und hybride Beschreibungen.- 2.5.1 Raumbuch.- 2.5.2 Hypertext Dokumente.- 2.5.3 Informationssystem.- 2.6 Archivierung digitaler Daten.- 2.6.1 Datentrager.- 2.6.2 Datenformate.- 2.6.2.1 Texte.- 2.6.2.2 Datenbanken.- 2.6.2.3 Vektordaten.- 2.6.2.4 Rasterdaten.- 2.6.2.5 Hypermedia.- 3 Erfassung von Messelementen.- 3.1 Messprinzipien.- 3.1.1 Vom-Grossen-ins-Kleine.- 3.1.2 UEberbestimmungen.- 3.1.3 Vermeidung von systematischen Fehlern.- 3.2 Gerate und Instrumente.- 3.2.1 Bauteile, Kleingerate und Zubehoer.- 3.2.1.1 Lote und Libellen.- 3.2.1.2 Fernrohr.- 3.2.1.3 Stative.- 3.2.1.4 Fluchtstab.- 3.2.1.5 Nivellierlatten und Kleingerat.- 3.2.1.6 Aufstellen eines Instruments.- 3.2.2 Winkelmessung.- 3.2.2.1 Bestimmung rechter Winkel.- 3.2.2.2 Theodolit.- 3.2.2.3 Satzmessung.- 3.2.2.4 Berechnung von Richtungswinkeln aus Koordinaten.- 3.2.3 Streckenmessung.- 3.2.3.1 Streckenmessung mit dem Messband.- 3.2.3.2 Optische Streckenmessung.- 3.2.3.3 Elektro-optische Entfernungsmessung (EDM).- 3.2.4 Hoehenmessung.- 3.2.4.1 Einfache Werkzeuge.- 3.2.4.2 Nivellement.- 3.2.4.3 Rotationslaser.- 3.3 Beschaffung einer Vermessungsausrustung.- 4 Messverfahren.- 4.1 Schrittskizze.- 4.2 Handaufmass.- 4.3 Punktbestimmung ohne Theodolit.- 4.3.1 Bogenschlag.- 4.3.2 Einbindeverfahren.- 4.3.3 Orthogonalverfahren.- 4.3.4

Handbook of Alternative Data in Finance, Volume I motivates and challenges the reader to explore and apply Alternative Data in finance. The book provides a robust and in-depth overview of Alternative Data, including its definition, characteristics, difference from conventional data, categories of Alternative Data, Alternative Data providers, and more. The book also offers a rigorous and detailed exploration of process, application and delivery that should be practically useful to researchers and practitioners alike. Features Includes cutting edge applications in machine learning, fintech, and more Suitable for professional quantitative analysts, and as a resource for postgraduates and researchers in financial mathematics Features chapters from many leading researchers and practitioners.

Control theory methods in economics have historically developed over three phases. The first involved basically the feedback control rules in a deterministic framework which were applied in macrodynamic models for analyzing stabilization policies. The second phase raised the issues of various types of inconsistencies in deterministic optimal control models due to changing information and other aspects of stochasticity. Rational expectations models have been extensively used in this plan to resolve some of the inconsistency problems. The third phase has recently focused on the various aspects of adaptive control. where stochasticity and information adaptivity are introduced in diverse ways e.g . risk adjustment and risk sensitivity of optimal control, recursive updating rules via Kalman filtering and weighted recursive least squares and variable structure control methods in nonlinear framework. Problems of efficient econometric estimation of optimal control models have now acquired significant importance. This monograph provides an integrated view of control theory methods, synthesizing the three phases from feedback control to stochastic control and from stochastic control to adaptive control. Aspects of econometric estimation are strongly emphasized here, since these are very important in empirical applications in economics."

The two-volume work is intended to function as a textbook for graduate students in economics as well as a reference work for economic scholars. Assuming only the minimal mathematics background required of every second-year graduate student in economics, these two volumes provide a self-contained and careful development of mathematics through locally convex topological vector spaces, and fixed-point, separation, and selection theorems in such spaces. Volume One covers basic set theory, sequences and series, continuous and semi-continuous functions, an introduction to general linear spaces, basic convexity theory, and applications to economics. Volume Two introduces general topology, the theory of correspondences on and into topological spaces, Banach spaces, topological vector spaces, and maximum, fixed-point, and selection theorems for such spaces.

This volume contains the proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium on Model Order Reduction of Coupled System, held in Stuttgart, Germany, May 22-25, 2018. For the understanding and development of complex technical systems, such as the human body or mechatronic systems, an integrated, multiphysics and multidisciplinary view is essential. Many problems can be solved within one physical domain. For the simulation and optimization of the combined system, the different domains are connected with each other. Very often, the combination is only possible by using reduced order models such that the large-scale dynamical system is approximated with a system of much smaller dimension where the most dominant features of the large-scale system are retained as much as possible. The field of model order reduction (MOR) is interdisciplinary. Researchers from Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science identify, explore and compare the potentials, challenges and limitations of recent and new advances.

This IMA Volume in Mathematics and its Applications AMORPHOUS POLYMERS AND NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS is in part the proceedings of a workshop which was an integral part of the 1984-85 IMA program on CONTINUUM PHYSICS AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS We are grateful to the Scientific Committee: Haim Brezis Constantine Dafermos Jerry Ericksen David Kinderlehrer for planning and implementing an exciting and stimulating year-long program. We espe cially thank the Program Organizers, Jerry Ericksen, David Kinderlehrer, Stephen Prager and Matthew Tirrell for organizing a workshop which brought together scientists and mathematicians in a variety of areas for a fruitful exchange of ideas. George R. Sell Hans Weinberger Preface Experiences with amorphous polymers have supplied much of the motivation for developing novel kinds of molecular theory, to try to deal with the more significant features of systems involving very large molecules with many degrees offreedom. Similarly, the observations of many unusual macroscopic phenomena has stimulated efforts to develop linear and nonlinear theories of viscoelasticity to describe them. In either event, we are confronted not with a well-established, specific set of equations, but with a variety of equations, conforming to a loose pattern and suggested by general kinds of reasoning. One challenge is to devise techniques for finding equations capable of delivering definite and reliable predictions. Related to this is the issue of discovering ways to better grasp the nature of solutions ofthose equations showing some promise."

The aim of this volume is to bring together research directions in theoretical signal and imaging processing developed rather independently in electrical engineering, theoretical physics, mathematics and the computer sciences.

In particular, mathematically justified algorithms and methods, the mathematical analysis of these algorithms, and methods as well as the investigation of connections between methods from time series analysis and image processing are reviewed. An interdisciplinary comparison of these methods, drawing upon common sets of test problems from medicine and geophysical/environmental sciences, is also addressed.

This volume coherently summarizes work carried out in the field of theoretical signal and image processing. It focuses on non-linear and non-parametric models for time series as well as on adaptive methods in image processing.

Research on applying principles of quantum computing to improve the engineering of intelligent systems has been launched since late 1990s. This emergent research field concentrates on studying on quantum computing that is characterized by certain principles of quantum mechanics such as standing waves, interference, quantum bits, coherence, superposition of states, and concept of interference, combined with computational intelligence or soft computing approaches, such as artificial neural networks, fuzzy systems, evolutionary computing, swarm intelligence and hybrid soft computing methods. This volume offers a wide spectrum of research work developed using soft computing combined with quantum computing systems.

This monograph provides a thorough analysis of two important formalisms for nonmonotonic reasoning: default logic and modal nonmonotonic logics. It is also shown how they are related to each other and how they provide the formal foundations for logic programming. The discussion is rigorous, and all main results are formally proved. Many of the results are deep and surprising, some of them previously unpublished. The book has three parts, on default logic, modal nonmonotonic logics, and connections and complexity issues, respectively. The study of general default logic is followed by a discussion of normal default logic and its connections to the closed world assumption, and also a presentation of related aspects of logic programming. The general theory of the family of modal nonmonotonic logics introduced by McDermott and Doyle is followed by studies of autoepistemic logic, the logic of reflexive knowledge, and the logic of pure necessitation, and also a short discussion of algorithms for computing knowledge and belief sets. The third part explores connections between default logic and modal nonmonotonic logics and contains results on the complexity of nonmonotonic reasoning. The ideas are presented with an elegance and unity of perspective that set a new standard of scholarship for books in this area, and the work indicates that the field has reached a very high level of maturity and sophistication. The book is intended as a reference on default logic, nonmonotonic logics, and related computational issues, and is addressed to researchers, programmers, and graduate students in the Artificial Intelligence community.

The sine-Gordon model is a ubiquitous model of Mathematical Physics with a wide range of applications extending from coupled torsion pendula and Josephson junction arrays to gravitational and high-energy physics models. The purpose of this book is to present a summary of recent developments in this field, incorporating both introductory background material, but also with a strong view towards modern applications, recent experiments, developments regarding the existence, stability, dynamics and asymptotics of nonlinear waves that arise in the model. This book is of particular interest to a wide range of researchers in this field, but serves as an introductory text for young researchers and students interested in the topic. The book consists of well-selected thematic chapters on diverse mathematical and physical aspects of the equation carefully chosen and assigned.

fEt moi, . . . . sifavait sucommenten rcvenir, One service mathematics has rendered the jen'yseraispointall: human race. It hasput rommon senseback JulesVerne whereit belongs, on the topmost shelf next tothedustycanisterlabelled'discardednon Theseriesis divergent; thereforewemaybe sense'. ahletodosomethingwithit. EricT. Bell O. Heaviside Mathematicsisatoolforthought. Ahighlynecessarytoolinaworldwherebothfeedbackandnon linearitiesabound. Similarly, allkindsofpartsofmathematicsserveastoolsforotherpartsandfor othersciences. Applyinga simplerewritingrule to thequoteon theright aboveonefinds suchstatementsas: 'One service topology hasrenderedmathematicalphysics . . . '; 'Oneservicelogichasrenderedcom puterscience . . . ';'Oneservicecategorytheoryhasrenderedmathematics . . . '. Allarguablytrue. And allstatementsobtainablethiswayformpartoftheraisond'etreofthisseries. This series, Mathematics and Its Applications, started in 1977. Now that over one hundred volumeshaveappeareditseemsopportunetoreexamineitsscope. AtthetimeIwrote "Growing specialization and diversification have brought a host of monographs and textbooks on increasingly specialized topics. However, the 'tree' of knowledge of mathematics and related fields does not grow only by puttingforth new branches. It also happens, quiteoften in fact, that branches which were thought to becompletely disparatearesuddenly seento berelated. Further, thekindandlevelofsophistication of mathematics applied in various sciences has changed drastically in recent years: measure theory is used (non-trivially)in regionaland theoretical economics; algebraic geometryinteractswithphysics; theMinkowskylemma, codingtheoryandthestructure of water meet one another in packing and covering theory; quantum fields, crystal defectsand mathematicalprogrammingprofit from homotopy theory; Liealgebras are relevanttofiltering; andpredictionandelectricalengineeringcanuseSteinspaces. And in addition to this there are such new emerging subdisciplines as 'experimental mathematics', 'CFD', 'completelyintegrablesystems', 'chaos, synergeticsandlarge-scale order', whicharealmostimpossibletofitintotheexistingclassificationschemes. They drawuponwidelydifferentsectionsofmathematics. " By andlarge, all this stillapplies today. Itis still truethatatfirst sightmathematicsseemsrather fragmented and that to find, see, and exploit the deeper underlying interrelations more effort is neededandsoarebooks thatcanhelp mathematiciansand scientistsdoso. Accordingly MIA will continuetotry tomakesuchbooksavailable. If anything, the description I gave in 1977 is now an understatement."

Optimality and stability are two important notions in applied mathematics. This book is a study of these notions and their relationship in linear and convex parametric programming models. It begins with a survey of basic optimality conditions in nonlinear programming. Then new results in convex programming, using LFS functions, for single-objective, multi-objective, differentiable and non-smooth programs are introduced. Parametric programming models are studied using basic tools of point-to-set topology. Stability of the models is introduced, essentially, as continuity of the feasible set of decision variables under continuous perturbations of the parameters. Perturbations that preserve this continuity are regions of stability. It is shown how these regions can be identified. The main results on stability are characterizations of locally and globally optimal parameters for stable and also for unstable perturbations. The results are straightened for linear models and bi-level programs. Some of the results are extended to abstract spaces after considering parameters as controls'. Illustrations from diverse fields, such as data envelopment analysis, management, von Stackelberg games of market economy, and navigation problems are given and several case studies are solved by finding optimal parameters. The book has been written in an analytic spirit. Many results appear here for the first time in book form. Audience: The book is written at the level of a first-year graduate course in optimization for students with varied backgrounds interested in modeling of real-life problems. It is expected that the reader has been exposed to a prior elementary course in optimization, such as linear or non-linear programming. The last section of the book requires some knowledge of functional analysis.

This book reviews selected topics charterized by great progress and covers the field from theoretical areas to experimental ones. It contains fundamental areas, quantum query complexity, quantum statistical inference, quantum cloning, quantum entanglement, additivity. It treats three types of quantum security system, quantum public key cryptography, quantum key distribution, and quantum steganography. A photonic system is highlighted for the realization of quantum information processing.

Hybrid dynamical systems, both continuous and discrete dynamics and variables, have attracted considerable interest recently. This emerging area is found at the interface of control theory and computer engineering, focusing on the analogue and digital aspects of systems and devices. They are essential for advances in modern digital- controller technology. "Qualitative Theory of Hybrid Dynamical Systems" provides a thorough development and systematic presentation of the foundations and framework for hybrid dynamical systems. The presentation offers an accessible, but precise, development of the mathematical models, conditions for existence of limit cycles, and criteria of their stability. The book largely concentrates on the case of discretely controlled continuous-time systems and their relevance for modeling aspects of flexible manufacturing systems and dynamically routed queuing networks. Features and topics: *differential automata*development and use of the concept "cyclic linear differential automata" (CLDA)*switched single-server flow networks coverage*application to specific models of manufacturing systems and queuing networks*select collection of open problems for the subject*self-contained presentation of topics, with the necessary background This new book is an excellent resource for the study and analysis of hybrid dynamical systems used in systems and control engineering. Researchers, postgraduates and professionals in control engineering and computer engineering will find the book an up-to-date development of the relevant new concepts and tools.

The first part of a self-contained, elementary textbook, combining linear functional analysis, nonlinear functional analysis, numerical functional analysis, and their substantial applications with each other. As such, the book addresses undergraduate students and beginning graduate students of mathematics, physics, and engineering who want to learn how functional analysis elegantly solves mathematical problems which relate to our real world. Applications concern ordinary and partial differential equations, the method of finite elements, integral equations, special functions, both the Schroedinger approach and the Feynman approach to quantum physics, and quantum statistics. As a prerequisite, readers should be familiar with some basic facts of calculus. The second part has been published under the title, Applied Functional Analysis: Main Principles and Their Applications.

Lissajous Figures are produced by combining two oscillations at right angles to each other. The figures, drawn by mechanical devices called Harmonographs, have scientific uses, but are also enjoyed for their own beauty. The author has been working with harmonographs since his undergraduate days, has built several of them, lectured about them and has written articles about them. This book is intended for people who enjoy physics or art or both. Certainly physics professionals, both students and faculty members, will enjoy reading about an interesting byway of physics. The book is mainly designed for the reader who has some scientific literacy, but who may not be a scientist. If your mathematics is rusty, a preliminary section on mathematics supplies the necessary background for reading the rest of the book.

Exclusive book integrating thermal sciences and computational approaches Covers both philosophical concepts related to systems and design, to numerical methods, to design of specific systems, to computational fluid dynamics strategies Focus on solving complex real-world thermal system design problems instead of just designing a single component or simple systems Introduces usage of statistics and machine learning methods to optimize the system Includes sample PYTHON codes, exercise problems, special projects

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are heptahelical transmembrane receptors that convert extra-cellular stimuli into intra-cellular signaling, and ultimately into biological responses. Since GPCRs are natural targets for approximately 40% of all modern medicines, it is not surprising that they have been the subject of intense research. Notwithstanding the amount of data generated over the years, discovering ligands of these receptors with optimal therapeutic properties is not straightforward and has certainly been hampered for years by the lack of high-resolution structural information about these receptors. Luckily, there has been a steady increase of high-resolution crystal structures of these receptors since 2007, and this information, integrated with dynamic inferences from computational and experimental methods, holds great potential for the discovery of new, improved drugs. This book, which provides, for the first time, state-of-the-art views on modeling and simulation of GPCRs, is divided into 4 parts. In the first part, the impact of currently available GPCR crystal structures on structural modeling is discussed extensively as are critical insights from simulations in the second part of the book. The third part reports recent progress in rational ligand discovery and mathematical modeling, whereas the fourth part provides an overview of bioinformatics tools and resources that are available for GPCRs.

In three main divisions the book covers combinational circuits, latches, and asynchronous sequential circuits. Combinational circuits have no memorising ability, while sequential circuits have such an ability to various degrees. Latches are the simplest sequential circuits, ones with the shortest memory. The presentation is decidedly non-standard. The design of combinational circuits is discussed in an orthodox manner using normal forms and in an unorthodox manner using set-theoretical evaluation formulas relying heavily on Karnaugh maps. The latter approach allows for a new design technique called composition. Latches are covered very extensively. Their memory functions are expressed mathematically in a time-independent manner allowing the use of (normal, non-temporal) Boolean logic in their calculation. The theory of latches is then used as the basis for calculating asynchronous circuits. Asynchronous circuits are specified in a tree-representation, each internal node of the tree representing an internal latch of the circuit, the latches specified by the tree itself. The tree specification allows solutions of formidable problems such as algorithmic state assignment, finding equivalent states non-recursively, and verifying asynchronous circuits.

The topic of this book is finite group actions and their use in order to approach finite unlabeled structures by defining them as orbits of finite groups of sets. Well-known examples are graph, linear codes, chemical isomers, spin configurations, isomorphism classes of combinatorial designs etc.The second edition is an extended version and puts more emphasis on applications to the constructive theory of finite structures. Recent progress in this field, in particular in design and coding theory, is described.This book will be of great use to researchers and graduate students.

Provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to general insurance pricing, based on the author’s many years of experience as both a teacher and practitioner. Suitable for students taking a course in general insurance pricing, notably if they are studying to become an actuary through the UK Institute of Actuaries exams. No other title quite like this on the market that is perfect for teaching/study, and is also an excellent guide for practitioners.