This book presents recent research in the field of transport phenomena in porous materials, including heat and mass transfer, drying and adsorption. Covering a comprehensive range of topics related to the transport phenomenon in engineering (including state-of-the-art, theory and technological applications), it discusses some of the most important theoretical advances, computational developments and applications in porous materials domain. Providing an update on the current state of knowledge, this self-contained reference resource will appeal to scientists, researchers and engineers in a variety of disciplines, such as chemical, civil, agricultural and mechanical engineering.

Exploring how the subtleties of quantum coherence can be consistently incorporated into Einstein's theory of gravitation, this book is ideal for researchers interested in the foundations of relativity and quantum physics. The book examines those properties of coherent gravitating systems that are most closely connected to experimental observations. Examples of consistent co-gravitating quantum systems whose overall effects upon the geometry are independent of the coherence state of each constituent are provided, and the properties of the trapping regions of non-singular black objects, black holes and a dynamic de Sitter cosmology are discussed analytically, numerically and diagrammatically. The extensive use of diagrams to summarise the results of the mathematics enables readers to bypass the need for a detailed understanding of the steps involved. Assuming some knowledge of quantum physics and relativity, the book provides text boxes featuring supplementary information for readers particularly interested in the philosophy and foundations of the physics.

At the end of the twentieth century, nonlinear dynamics turned out to be one of the most challenging and stimulating ideas. Notions like bifurcations, attractors, chaos, fractals, etc. have proved to be useful in explaining the world around us, be it natural or artificial. However, much of our everyday understanding is still based on linearity, i. e. on the additivity and the proportionality. The larger the excitation, the larger the response-this seems to be carved in a stone tablet. The real world is not always reacting this way and the additivity is simply lost. The most convenient way to describe such a phenomenon is to use a mathematical term-nonlinearity. The importance of this notion, i. e. the importance of being nonlinear is nowadays more and more accepted not only by the scientific community but also globally. The recent success of nonlinear dynamics is heavily biased towards temporal characterization widely using nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Nonlinear spatio-temporal processes, i. e. nonlinear waves are seemingly much more complicated because they are described by nonlinear partial differential equations. The richness of the world may lead in this case to coherent structures like solitons, kinks, breathers, etc. which have been studied in detail. Their chaotic counterparts, however, are not so explicitly analysed yet. The wavebearing physical systems cover a wide range of phenomena involving physics, solid mechanics, hydrodynamics, biological structures, chemistry, etc.

This book provides an introduction to fundamental concepts of solid mechanics for the uninitiated. It also includes a concise review of fundamentals for those who have been away from the field for a time or are studying for a final exam or engineering license exam. The coverage ranges from fundamental definitions through constitutive equations, axial loading, torsion, bending, thermal effects, stability, pressure vessels, plates and shells, computational mechanics, and fibrous composite materials.

This monograph is centered on mathematical modeling, innovative numerical algorithms and adaptive concepts to deal with fracture phenomena in multiphysics. State-of-the-art phase-field fracture models are complemented with prototype explanations and rigorous numerical analysis. These developments are embedded into a carefully designed balance between scientific computing aspects and numerical modeling of nonstationary coupled variational inequality systems. Therein, a focus is on nonlinear solvers, goal-oriented error estimation, predictor-corrector adaptivity, and interface conditions. Engineering applications show the potential for tackling practical problems within the fields of solid mechanics, porous media, and fluidstructure interaction.

This book comprehensively treats the formulation and finite element approximation of contact and impact problems in nonlinear mechanics. Intended for students, researchers and practitioners interested in numerical solid and structural analysis as well as engineers and scientists dealing with technologies in which tribological response must be characterized, the book includes an introductory but detailed overview of nonlinear finite element formulations before dealing with contact and impact specifically. Topics encompassed include continuum mechanics, mathematical structure, variational framework and finite element implementations associated with contact/impact interaction. Additionally, important and currently emerging research topics in computational contact mechanics are introduced, encompassing such topics as tribological complexity, conservative treatment of inelastic impact interaction and novel spatial discretization strategies.

This volume contains the detailed text of the lectures delivered at the International Workshop on Space Dynamics and e*elestial Mechanics held in Delhi, India during November 14-16,1985. This workshop was organised under the joint sponsorship of University of Delhi, Delhi, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Trivandrum (India) and the Space Programme of the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA. The main objective of the workshop was to review the current state of the art in the area of Space .Dynamics and Celestial Mechanics thr- ough paper presentations, key note addresses, lectures and discussions, to expose the participants to more recent developments in varjous tech- niques, analytical as well as numerical, as applicable to Space Mecha- nics, to identify and assess the degree of augmentations desirable in respect of software packages available for this purpose with different centres and to establish contacts with experts in the vital field with a view to facilitate the in flow of technical inf~rmation. The whole material of this volume has been organized into seven basic areas: (i) The key note address by Professor V. Szebehely, (ii) General Celestial Mechanics, (~ii) Solar System and Natural Satellites, (iv) Stellar Systems and Galaxies, (v) Orbit Determination and Satellite Theory, (vi) Attitude Motion and (vii) Mission Planning and Control.

'The review articles in this series are invariably of a high standard, and those contained in the most recent volumes to appear are no exception....an excellent fund of detailed and reasonably up-to-date information.' -Journal of Plasma Physics, from a review of a previous volume Volume 19 offers plasma physicists detailed studies on paraxial WKB solution of a scalar wave equation, multiple-mirror plasma confinement, and plasma rotation in tokamaks.

Features Comprehensive overview of energy storage devices, an important field of interest for researchers worldwide. Explores the importance and growing impact of batteries and supercapacitors. Emphasizes the fundamental theories, electrochemical mechanism and its computational view point, but also discusses recent developments in electrode designing based on nanomaterials, separators, fabrication of advanced devices and their performances.

Modern Computational Techniques for Engineering Applications presents recent computational techniques used in the advancement of modern grids with the integration of non-conventional energy sources like wind and solar energy. It covers data analytics tools for smart cities, smart towns, and smart computing for sustainable development. This book- Discusses the importance of renewable energy source applications wind turbines and solar panels for electrical grids. Presents optimization-based computing techniques like fuzzy logic, neural networks, and genetic algorithms that enhance the computational speed. Showcases cloud computing tools and methodologies such as cybersecurity testbeds and data security for better accuracy of data. Covers novel concepts on artificial neural networks, fuzzy systems, machine learning, and artificial intelligence techniques. Highlights application-based case studies including cloud computing, optimization methods, and the Industrial Internet of Things. The book comprehensively introduces modern computational techniques, starting from basic tools to highly advanced procedures, and their applications. It further highlights artificial neural networks, fuzzy systems, machine learning, and artificial intelligence techniques and how they form the basis for algorithms. It presents application-based case studies on cloud computing, optimization methods, blockchain technology, fog and edge computing, and the Industrial Internet of Things. It will be a valuable resource for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and academic researchers in diverse fields, including electrical engineering, electronics and communications engineering, and computer engineering.

Electronic device usage has increased considerably in the past two decades. System configurations are continuously requiring upgrades; existing systems often become obsolete in a matter of 2–3 years. Green computing is the complete effective management of design, manufacture, use, and disposal, involving as little environmental impact as possible. This book intends to explore new and innovative ways of conserving energy, effective e-waste management, and renewable energy sources to harness and nurture a sustainable eco-friendly environment. This book: • Highlights innovative principles and practices using effective e-waste management and disposal • Explores artificial intelligence based sustainable models • Discovers alternative sources and mechanisms for minimizing environmental hazards • Highlights successful case studies in alternative sources of energy • Presents solid illustrations, mathematical equations, as well as practical in-the-field applications • Serves as a one-stop reference guide to stakeholders in the domain of green computing, e-waste management, renewable energy alternatives, green transformational leadership including theory concepts, practice and case studies • Explores cutting-edge technologies like internet of energy and artificial intelligence, especially the role of machine learning and deep learning in renewable energy and creating a sustainable ecosystem • Explores futuristic trends in renewable energy This book aims to address the increasing interest in reducing the environmental impact of energy as well as its further development and will act as a useful reference for engineers, architects, and technicians interested in and working with energy systems; scientists and engineers in developing countries; industries, manufacturers, inventors, universities, researchers, and interested consultants to explain the foundation to advanced concepts and research trends in the domain of renewable energy and sustainable computing. The content coverage of the book is organized in the form of 11 clear and thorough chapters providing a comprehensive view of the global renewable energy scenario, as well as how science and technology can play a vital role in renewable energy.

Updated throughout and adds new and fully revised chapters. Focuses on the global trends and mandates toward environmental sustainability. Examines the latest international legislation involving climate change. Includes coverage of oil & gas industries, as well as nuclear and renewable energy.

1. Analyses the connection between sustainable energy development and transition towards carbon neutral society. 2. Compares and discusses advanced multi-criteria decision making tools to support sustainable energy options. 3. Develops new frameworks of indicators for the assessment of sustainable energy technologies in various energy sectors. 4. Provides policy implications when promoting sustainable energy development. 5. Presents case studies on the applications of multi-criteria tools to support sustainable energy options in transport and households.

Describes technological advancements for bioethanol production from lignocellulosic waste Provides a roadmap for the production and utilization of 2G biofuels Introduces the strategic role of metabolic engineering in the development of 2G biofuels Discusses technological advancements, life cycle assessment and prospects Explores novel potential lignocellulosic biomass for 2G biofuels

The book investigates various MPPT algorithms, and the optimization of solar energy using machine learning and deep learning. It will serve as an ideal reference text for senior undergraduate, graduate students, and academic researchers in diverse engineering domains including electrical, electronics and communication, computer, and environmental. This book: Discusses data acquisition by the internet of things for real-time monitoring of solar cells. Covers artificial neural network techniques, solar collector optimization, and artificial neural network applications in solar heaters, and solar stills. Details solar analytics, smart centralized control centers, integration of microgrids, and data mining on solar data. Highlights the concept of asset performance improvement, effective forecasting for energy production, and Low-power wide-area network applications. Elaborates solar cell design principles, the equivalent circuits of single and two diode models, measuring idealist factors, and importance of series and shunt resistances. The text elaborates solar cell design principles, the equivalent circuit of single diode model, the equivalent circuit of two diode model, measuring idealist factor, and importance of series and shunt resistances. It further discusses perturb and observe technique, modified P&O method, incremental conductance method, sliding control method, genetic algorithms, and neuro-fuzzy methodologies. It will serve as an ideal reference text for senior undergraduate, graduate students, and academic researchers in diverse engineering domains including electrical, electronics and communication, computer, and environmental.

The book contains 12 chapters written by well-known shock wave researchers from seven different countries. Each researcher provides a brief description of his main research interests and results, thereby providing the readers with an excellent view of shock wave research conducted in the past fifty years. It also provides hints as to what still needs further investigation. It will be an excellent guide for young researchers entering the field of shock wave phenomena. Among the described investigations are the following topics: Blast wave interaction with a body when the body is in the area of interference of two blast waves moving in different directions; equation of state for water based on the shock Hugoniot data; Mach waves occurring over a backward facing edge in supersonic flow; shock waves in dusty gas; shock wave interaction with various bodies; three shock interactions.

Contributed by world-renowned specialists on the occasion of Paul Germain's 80th birthday, this unique book reflects the foundational works and the intellectual influence of this author. It presents the realm of modern thermomechanics with its extraordinary wealth of applications to the behaviour of materials, whether solid or fluid. The thirty-one contributions follow an easygoing autobiographical sketch by Paul Germain, and highlight the power and richness of a methodological approach to the phenomenology of many materials. This approach combines harmoniously thermodynamics and continuum theory in order to provide exploitable, thermodynamically admissible models of a large variety of behaviours and phenomena, including those of diffusion, thermoelasticity, viscoplasticity, relaxation, hysteresis, wetting, shape-memory effects, growth, phase transitions, stability, fracture, shocks, machining of materials, microstructured solids, complex fluids, etc. Especially aimed at graduate students, researchers, and engineers in mechanical engineering and materials science, this book also presents the state of the art in an active field of research and opens new horizons in other scientific fields, such as applied mathematics and applied physics, because of the intellectual satisfaction and remarkable efficiency provided by the advocated approach.

The German research satellite CHAMP had been launched in summer 2000. Its modern instruments and near Earth orbit allow for the first time to collect data of the gravitational and magnetic fields and in addition to sound out the atmosphere and ionosphere by using GPS techniques. The book is the result of the first meeting of the international CHAMP research groups gathering 18 months later at the GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam. Besides technical information the volume offers a comprehensive overview over the use of CHAMP data for Earth System Research in the fields of Geodesy, Geophysics and Meteorology.

This monograph studies optimization problems for rigid punches in elastic media and for high-speed penetration of rigid strikers into deformed elastoplastic, concrete, and composite media using variational calculations, tools from functional analysis, and stochastic and min-max (guaranteed) optimization approaches with incomplete data. The book presents analytical and numerical results developed by the authors during the last ten years.

This is a first year graduate textbook on linear elasticity, being based on a one semester course taught by the author at the University of Michigan. It is written with the practical engineering reader in mind, dependence on previous knowledge of solid mechanics, continuum, mechanics or mathematics being minimized. Most of the text should be readily intelligible to a reader with an undergraduate background of one or two courses in elementary strength of materials and a rudimentary knowledge of partial differentiation. Emphasis is placed on engineering applications of elasticity and examples are generally worked through to final expressions for the stress and displacement fields in order to explore the engineering consequences of the results. The topics covered are chosen with a view to modern research applications in fracture mechanics, composite materials, tribology and numerical methods. Thus, significant attention is given to crack and contact problems, problems involving interfaces between dissimilar media, thermoelasticity, singular asymptotic stress fields and three-dimensional problems. Problems suitable for class use are included at the end of most of the chapters. These are expressed wherever possible in the form they would arise in engineering - i.e. as a body of a given geometry subjected to prescribed loading - instead of inviting the student to verify' that a given candidate stress function is appropriate to the problem. The text is therefore written in such a way as to enable the student to approach such problems deductively. A solutions manual is available directly from the author (e-mail: [email protected]).

Continuum mechanics and thermodynamics are foundational theories of many fields of science and engineering. This book presents a fresh perspective on these fundamental topics, connecting micro- and nanoscopic theories and emphasizing topics relevant to understanding solid-state thermo-mechanical behavior. Providing clear, in-depth coverage, the book gives a self-contained treatment of topics directly related to nonlinear materials modeling. It starts with vectors and tensors, finite deformation kinematics, the fundamental balance and conservation laws, and classical thermodynamics. It then discusses the principles of constitutive theory and examples of constitutive models, presents a foundational treatment of energy principles and stability theory, and concludes with example closed-form solutions and the essentials of finite elements. Together with its companion book, Modeling Materials, (Cambridge University Press, 2011), this work presents the fundamentals of multiscale materials modeling for graduate students and researchers in physics, materials science, chemistry and engineering.

This accessible reference introduces firefighting and fire safety systems on ships and is written in line with the IACS Classification Rules for Firefighting Systems. It covers the design, construction, use and maintenance of firefighting and fire safety systems, with cross references to the American Bureau of Shipping rules and various Classification Society regulations which pertain to specific Classification Society rules. Focuses on basic principles in line with current practice Aimed at non-specialists The book suits professional seafarers, students, and cadets, as well as leisure sailors and professionals involved in the logistics industry. It is also particularly useful for naval architects, ship designers, and engineers who need to interpret the Class rules when developing shipboard firefighting systems.

Provides a comprehensive introduction to aircraft performance and flight dynamics. Covers both jet and propellor-driven aircraft. Includes new content on vertical takeoff and landing, UAV launch, UAV recovery, use of rocket engine as the main engine, range for electric aircraft, electric engine, endurance for electric aircraft, gliding flight, pull-up, and climb-turn. Includes end-of-chapter problems, MATLAB® code and examples, and case studies. Features a Solutions Manual and Figure Slides for instructor use.

Rational extended thermodynamics (RET) is the theory that is applicable to nonequilibrium phenomena out of local equilibrium. It is expressed by the hyperbolic system of field equations with local constitutive equations and is strictly related to the kinetic theory with the closure method of the hierarchies of moment equations. The book intends to present, in a systematic way, new results obtained by RET of gases in both classical and relativistic cases, and it is a natural continuation of the book "Rational Extended Thermodynamics beyond the Monatomic Gas" by the same authors published in 2015. However, this book addresses much wider topics than those of the previous book. Its contents are as follows: RET of rarefied monatomic gases and of polyatomic gases; a simplified RET theory with 6 fields being valid far from equilibrium; RET where both molecular rotational and vibrational modes exist; mixture of gases with multi-temperature. The theory is applied to several typical topics (sound waves, shock waves, etc.) and is compared with experimental data. From a mathematical point of view, RET can be regarded as a theory of hyperbolic symmetric systems, of which it is possible to conduct a qualitative analysis. The book represents a valuable resource for applied mathematicians, physicists, and engineers, offering powerful models for many potential applications such as reentering satellites into the atmosphere, semiconductors, and nanoscale phenomena.