This book contains general recommendations for site clearing after man-made and natural disasters. It provides guidelines on the demolition of damaged structures and the reuse of demolition and construction materials. It has been prepared by an international task force originating from cooperation between RILEM and UNESCO. The book provides guidance for professionals and organizations on this increasingly important subject of disaster planning.

The need for demolition, repair and renewal of concrete and masonry structures is growing all over the world. In recent years natural disasters, such as earthquakes, and war activities in many countries have caused very extensive damage to urban areas. This has led to the need for effective methods of assessing structural damage, site clearance and reconstruction. This book presents and discusses worldwide technical developments in the fields of demolition and recycling. The necessary theoretical technical background has accumulated, but knowledge is not being translated into practice. In particular, information is needed on standards and guidelines to promote quick and safe demolition and reuse of concrete and masonry. RILEM has been actively involved in this field for over ten years, through the work of its Technical Committees and the organization of International Symposia. This book forms the Proceedings of the Third Symposium, held in Odense, Denmark in October 1993, and follows the earlier events in Rotterdam in 1985 and Tokyo in 1988. The book will be invaluable for civil engineers, planners, contractors and researchers, and for government authorities and specialists in urban development and disaster mitigation.

Corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete is a major problem, with serious implications for structural integrity and durability. Bridges and marine structures are particularly susceptible due to the more chemically aggressive environmental conditions that prevail. Hence there is a need to examine the durability, strength characteristics and suitability of alternative materials to steel reinforcement. This book provides a thorough overview of recent developments and applications in this area of growing importance. This book should be of interest to structural and civil engineers involved in the design and construction of concrete structures; materials researchers investigating durability and strength of reinforcing materials; and advanced students in these fields.

The area of material damage models has undergone a rapid development in the past few years. This is an extensive and comprehensive survey of one- and three-dimensional damage models for elastic and inelastic solids. The state-of-the-art is reported by about 200 references. The book not only provides a rich current source of knowledge, but also describes examples of practical applications, numerical procedures, and computer codes. The style of presentation is systematic, clear, and concise and is supported by illustrative diagrams.

Lightweight aggregate concrete is undergoing something of a renaissance. Although this material has been available for many years, only now is it being used more widely. The volume of structural aggregate concrete used each year is increasing dramatically. Lower structural weight, better fire resistence, use of waste for aggregate, lower costs for aggregate: all these factors are contributing to the rapid increase in the use of acceptance of structural lightweight aggregate concrete. This book provides a comprehensive review of this growing field from an international perspective. This book should be of interest to structural and civil engineers involved in the design and construction of concrete structures; researchers in concrete materials design and performance.

A review of open channel turbulence, focusing especially on certain features stemming from the presence of the free surface and the bed of a river. Part one presents the statistical theory of turbulence; Part two addresses the coherent structures in open-channel flows and boundary layers.

Structural concrete, although durable, often needs repairing. Impact, abrasion, overloading, fire and aggressive environments all cause damage, and cracks appear, due to errors in design or specification and faulty construction. This text enables the engineer to diagnose the cause of a fault, choose the appropriate remedial technique and ensure that the repair work is completed satisfactorily. It will be of value to all those who need to commission, supervise or carry out repairs to concrete structures.

This book contains 12 chapters which were presented as invited lectures at the Third International Symposium on Structural Crashworthiness held at the University of Liverpool, England, 14-16 April, 1993. This symposium was a logical continuation and extension of two previous Symposia held in 1983 and 1988, organized in order to examine recent developments in structural crashworthiness and failure. Particular emphasis has been given in this book to the failure predictions for ductile metal structures under large dynamic loads and to the behaviour of composite and cellular structures. Thus, it is likely that the field of structural crashworthiness and failure will continue to grow in importance. It is also evident from this book that much has already been achieved, but areas are highlighted in which further understanding of the basic mechanics is still required as well as the generation of design methods and design data. Chapters one to four focus on the failure of ductile metal structures, and chapter five examines a related topic on the perforation of metal tubes. Chapter six to eight examine the behaviour of non-metal structures subjected to various large dynamic loads. Chapter ni

The modeling of mechanical properties of materials and structures is a complex and wide-ranging subject. In some applications, it is sufficient to assume that the material remains elastic, i.e. that the deformation process is fully reversible and the stress is a unique function of strain. However, such a simplified assumption is appropriate only within a limited range, and in general must be replaced by a more realistic approach that takes into account the inelastic processes such as plastic yielding or cracking.

This book presents a comprehensive treatment of the most important areas of plasticity and of time-dependent inelastic behavior (viscoplasticity of metals, and creep and shrinkage of concrete). It covers structural aspects such as:

• incremental analysis

• limit analysis

• shakedown analysis

• optimal design

• beam structures subjected to bending and torsion

• yield line theory of plates

• slip line theory

• size effect in structures

• creep and shrinkage effects in concrete structures.

• yield surfaces for metals and plastic-frictional materials

• hardening and softening

• stress-return algorithms

• large-strain formulations

• thermodynamic framework

• microplane models

• localization of plastic strain.

This monograph provides the practising engineer with a concise overview of the methods of water diversion and exclusion or removal of sediment from the diverted water. The emphasis is on flow features and the associated conveyance of sediments.

Treating anchorages as a direct application of the laws of statics and the theories governing the transfer of load, this book focuses on designs that are safe and reasonably priced. It is divided into two parts. Following a general introduction in the first chapter, Part One goes on to explore anchor systems, components, installation and construction details. Presents special anchor systems such as extractable, compression-type, multibell, and regroutable anchors. Analyzes the transfer of load and its relation to failure modes and anchor load capacity; deals with design considerations; covers mechanisms and types of corrosion; and details anchor stressing, testing programs, and evaluation standards. Part Two considers uses and applications and design aspects of anchored structures; presents design examples of practical value and reasonable simplicity; and incorporates examples and case histories.

New materials and methods within the construction industry offer substantial advantages in terms of cost, durability, ease of design, and ease of fabrication. This new book looks at the multitude of uses of polymer composites in construction and discusses fabrication methods, suitability of materials, design methods, construction methods, performance and practical applications.

High performance concrete (HPC) is of great topical interest to the construction industry worldwide, with applications in high-rise, offshore, nuclear and bridge structures, and in precast concrete. Among the benefits of HPC are improved workability and strength, leading to faster and more economical construction; more durable concrete, especially important for bridges, offshore and nuclear structures, and highways; and improved structural characteristics, which allow more economical and efficient structural designs. The French national project, "New Developments for Concrete", is providing important insights into the materials characteristics of high performance concrete, and also of the structural behaviour of a number of major buildings and bridge structures. This book contains a series of 35 selected reviews and reports on HPC by the leading materials scientists and engineers contributing to the French programme. Previously, they have only been available to delegates at seminars and meetings in France but the most valuable have been edited and translated into English in order to make the results of the programme widely available.

The science of the study of containers of various materials has, in the majority of cases, a uniformity of shape, of function and of loading. The grouping of the papers in this publication lift the barriers and give the state of the art for each sector. More than 50 articles are grouped by theme.

New developments in the response spectrum method have led to calculations in seismic stresses that are more accurate, and usually lower, than those obtained by conventional methods. This new textbook examines the wealth of information on the response spectrum method generated by the latest research and presents the background theory in simplified form.
Applications of these methods is essential in the seismic design of critical structures, such as nuclear power plants and petroleum facilities. In new construction, the reduced seismic stresses will result in efficient and economic design. For facilities already built, these more accurate methods can be used where the facility is being reassessed for higher loads and in the calculation of margins.
Written by an acknowledged expert in this and related fields, this volume is ideal as a graduate text for courses in structural and earthquake engineering. It is also an excellent reference for civil, structural, mechanical, and earthquake engineers.

The assessment of structural integrity is a vitally important consideration in many fields of engineering, which has an influence on the full range of professional activities from conception, design and analysis, through operation to residual life evaluation and possible life extension. In devising satisfactory procedures for this purpose there is a clear need for interaction and information exchange across this broad spectrum of activities. This conference provided the forum for this exchange of expertise and knowledge among engineers from diverse professional backgrounds and disciplines. The conference was run under the auspices of the Engineering Integrity Society and the Dynamic Testing Agency and was co-sponsored by the British Society for Strain Measurement, the Department of Trade and Industry, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Joint British Committee for Stress Analysis and the National Agency for Finite Element Methods and Standards. The papers presented are relevant to practitioners in power generation, aerospace, transport, offshore, process and construction engineering.

Provides therapists with an understanding of the principles, applications and implications of paradoxical therapy, the rationale for the use of paradox in family therapy and the therapist's role in paradoxical interventions.

The papers and discussions deal with various types of shear walls, nuclear containment structures, high rise buildings, box bridges, l-girders, columns and shells. They represent early 1990s knowledge of concrete shear in earthquake.

An increasing number of buildings require informed decisions to be made about their continued safety and serviceability. Although social and economic issues are often all-important influences, the technical factors nevertheless need to be addressed objectively, efficiently and reliably. The aim of this book is to bring together those techniques which can be used effectively to monitor building structures. Emphasis is given to reliability, practicality, cost-effectiveness and the use of relevant examples. Written primarily for practising engineers responsible for the assessment of safety and serviceability, and for the client specifying a brief for an assessment or evaluating a report, this book should also serve as a source of reference for those in research involving monitoring, and as an aid to the student requiring a better understanding of the full-scale performance of building structures.

With current moves towards international harmonization, there is a need for rationalization and standardization of test procedures and interpretation of test results in many fields. Testing of metals for use in structures, particularly steel and aluminium, is a subject where information on these aspects is generally lacking. In response to this, RILEM (The International Union of Testing and Research Laboratories for Materials and Structures) organized an international workshop to identify "need in testing metals". Invited experts from Europe, Japan and the USA have contributed papers not only on experimental procedures for testing metallic materials, joints and structural components, but also on analytical models for interpreting their behaviour and for use in calculations. The papers brought together in this book provide reviews of the current situation and signposts for future research and development needs. In response to the recommendations of the workshop, RILEM is setting up new international committees and initiatives on the behaviour of joints, high cycle fatigue, non-destructive testing, structural imperfections, composite and thin-walled structures. This book should be va

This volume consists of papers presented at the International Conference on Earthquake, Blast and Impact held at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, UK, 18-20 September 1991, organised by the Society for Earthquake and Civil Engineering Dynamics (SECED) and supported by the Institution of Civil Engineers, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers and the Institution of Structural Engineers.

Proceedings of the International Conference on Steel and Aluminium Strucutres, ICSAS 91, Singapore 22-24 May 1991. The complete proceedings are available in three volumes: steel structures, aluminium structures and composite steel structures. The conference was organised by the Department of Civil Engineering, National University of Singapore sequel to the one held in Cardiff, UK in July 1987. It was co-sponsored by the International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, the Institution of Civil Engineers, the Institution of Engineers, Singapore, the Institution of Structural Engineers, the Steel Construction Institute, UK, the Singapore Structural Steel Society and the University of Wales College of Cardiff. The conference provided a forum to discuss recent advances and trends in the analysis, design and construction of all types of metal structures. This volume contains 18 of the papers presented at the conference. Invited Lectures on the state-of-the-art surveys have been provided by well-known experts in their respective fields. The coverage is extensive and topics include Bridges, Building Floor Systems, Concrete Filled Hollow Sections, Aluminium-concrete Systems, Composite Members to Earthquake Loading, etc.

Fly ash is an important industrial by-product, with more 170 million tonnes produced annually throughout the world. It is the fine particulate material which is collected from the stack gases of power stations burning pulverized coal and it is being increasingly used as a partial replacement for cement in concrete and other cement-based onstruction materials. Substantial research and development programmes in many parts of the world are being undertaken to investigate the properties and performance of fly ash in concrete, to ensure satisfactory, economic utilization. This book s a report on the subject, complied under the auspices of RILEM, the International Union of Testing and Research Laboratories for Materials and Structures. In the first chapter, the characterization and properties of fly ash in relation to the coal and burning conditions in the power station are described. The behaviour of fresh mortar and concrete is covered next. A major part of the book deals with hardened mortar and concrete, and covers hydration, strength, deformations, frost resistance, chemical resistance and carbonation, with special attention given to the deformation behaviour of fly ash concretes. T

Concrete is one of the principal construction materials used world-wide. Although developments in materials and performance have widened the scope for the use of concrete, they have also affected its properties, particularly in the long term. From this it becomes clear that quality control, which is of vital importance for the building industry in general, needs special attention in its application to concrete structures. The importance of establishing comprehensive quality assurance systems both nationally and internationally is becoming increasingly recognized. Such systems need to take account of the contractual relationships in the industry in order to function effectively. International harmonization of standards and regulations is also putting greater emphasis on such systems. This book forms the proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Quality Control of Concrete Structures which was held in Ghent, Belgium, in June 1991. The volume brings together new information on technical developments, research and practical experience on the following topics: quality management, early age properties of concrete, durability, quality assessment, statistical approaches.

The book systematically presents variational principles and methods of analysis for applied elasticity and structural mechanics. The variational approach is used consistently for both, constructing numerical procedures and deriving basic governing equations of applied mechanics of solids; it is the derivation of equations where this approach is most powerful and best grounded by mathematics.