This comprehensive and well-documented volume analyzes the policy-making and codification of the airline deregulation process through the 1960s and 1970s and examines the early effects of deregulation. It offers the industry both an historical perspective and a foundation for projecting future developments.

This book embarks on a discussion of rulemaking in air transport, its processes and legalities, starting with a deconstruction of work carried out at the time of writing in various fields of air transport by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) which should be at the apex of rulemaking. This initial discussion, which demonstrates the weakness of rulemaking in the air transport field for lack of direction, purpose and structure in the development of authoritative rules and regulations that should serve as compelling directives from the main organization responsible for aviation, leads to an evaluation of the fundamental principles of rulemaking in ICAO, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) of the United States and the European Commission (EC).

The debate on the future of the aviation sector and the viability of its traditional business practices is the core of this book. The liberalization of the EU market in the 1990s has radically modi?ed the competitive environment and the nature of airline competition. Furthermore, the new millennium began with terrorist attacks, epidemics, trade globalization, and the rise of oil prices, all of which combined to push the industry into a "perfect storm." Airline industry pro?tability has been an elusive goal for several decades and the recent events has only accentuated existing weaknesses. The main concern of ind- try observers is whether the airline business model, successful during the 1980s and 1990s, is now sustainable in a market crowded by low-cost carriers. The airlines that will respond rapidly and determinedly to increase pressure to restructure, conso- date and segment the industry will achieve competitive advantages. In this context, the present study aims to model the new conduct of the 'legacy' carriers in a new liberalized European market in terms of network and pricing competition with l- cost carriers and competitive reaction to the global economic crises.

Communicating successfully is crucial if an organization is to survive and recover from a crisis. Focusing on the airline industry and some of the most recent headline-making disasters, Dr. Ray looks at organizational crises, the communications strategies employed by organizations when responding to crises, and the factors that influence the effectiveness of this strategic communication. She maintains that our understanding of crisis and the implications for strategic crisis communications in all industries can be based on two valid assumptions. First, crises may be viewed in terms of phases. Second, they are best understood from a system perspective. This is particularly important when we realize that how stakeholders see crises and how professional communicators see them may be entirely different, and that their viewpoints will vary at various crisis stages.

Dr. Ray begins with an introduction that reviews the U.S. airline industry's safety system, followed by a chapter on organizational crises and crisis communications. The remaining chapters are divided into sections reflecting Dr. Ray's simplified model of crisis stages: pre-crisis, crisis, and post-crisis. Here she explores conditions which lead to major aviation disasters and other crises, contingency planning, crisis management, crisis communication, and post-crisis investigation by the National Transportation Safety Board. Seven chapters provide case studies of major airline disasters, analyzed according to her three-stage model, and an illuminating of the major issues associated with airline disasters. The cases also examine, analyze, and evaluate communication strategies used by airlines when responding to these issues and give readers important lessons to ponder, which she synthesizes in a conclusion. Corporate communications specialists at all levels, in the public and private sectors both, as well as executives with other management responsibilities will find Dr. Ray's book informative, useful, and fascinating reading.

"This book looks at the space industry from a business perspective, with a focus on international competition. The space industry traces its origins to the middle of last century as a government/military domain and the author now looks at the ongoing evolution of space exploration and travel, and projects the future of the industry"--

For the first time in a single edited collection, this important body of feminist work traces the relationship between the formation of organizational culture and the development, maintenance and changing character of workplace discrimination. Based on three decades of archival research by Albert J. Mills and his colleagues, the book brings together a series of articles, chapters and hitherto unpublished papers that document the founding and growth of our major international airlines - Air Canada, British Airways, Pan American Airways, and Qantas Airways - to understand the comparative influence of organizational cultures not only on internal organizational processes but also social understandings of gendered practices. The insights generated in this body of work bring to light the complexity of organizational rules, symbolism, language, imagery, storytelling, and `history' as they impact on the practices and sensemaking of those involved in producing discrimination at work. Feminists and other diversity researchers will find this collection useful not only for insights on the processes of discrimination but also on the various reflections on methodological approaches that are peppered throughout. To that end, qualitative researchers and management and organizational historians with an interest in methodology will also find the book valuable in its reflections on the range of approaches discussed throughout.

The September 11, 2001, attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raised numerous questions about American and international aviation security. Former Director of Security of the International Air Transport Association Rodney Wallis suggests that the failure to maximize U.S. domestic air security, which left air travelers vulnerable to attack, lay largely with the carriers themselves. He contends that future policies should parallel the standards of the International Civil Aviation Organization. Wallis considers the Aviation and Transportation Security Act adopted by the U.S. Congress in the wake of September 11 and offers a modus operandi to the FAA that would enable them to maximize the benefits this legislation provides to air travelers.

This important work reviews past government reactions to the threat posed by air terrorism and questions whether these were effective responses or merely window dressing. It also includes practical advice for air travelers on how to maximize their own security when flying on international routes by monitoring airport and airline security for themselves.

Stepped-up competition in the airline industry over the past 40 years profoundly changed how carriers set fares. Chapters in this volume contribute to our understanding of fare determination in this industry by examining carrier pricing behavior, such as non-linear pricing, pricing decisions associated with strategic alliances, competition from low cost carriers, and the challenges faced by carriers experiencing financial distress. These contributions present nuanced analyses of fare determination that include new ways of examining whether the prices charged by carriers are consumer welfare-enhancing. Examination of airline carrier pricing only tells part of the story of firm behavior, as analysis of carriers' ability to provide quality services is also significant in understanding the economics of this industry. This volume includes chapters examining non-price characteristics of business operations, such as frequency of service, passenger safety, availability of aircraft types for different transportation services, and the geographic distribution of air transportation-related noise by aircraft departures and arrivals at airports.

The air transport industry is highly vulnerable to environmental changes as was seen when the recent COVID-19 pandemic caused most airline operations to cease. However, for decades airlines have been collapsing around the globe as the business of managing airline operations has become stressed due to price competition. This is detrimental to air carriers since air transport products and services are the same. Moreover, it impacts other industries such as tourism, hotels, and restaurants, which contribute to the derailment of economic and social activities. Thus, it is essential to determine new practices and strategies that can allow air transport management to be enriched and to flourish. The Handbook of Research on Global Air Transport Management provides a comprehensive collection of knowledge on the new era of business management on air transport. It provides strategies, technologies, and tools used in the reshaping of the air transport business model. Covering topics such as customer experience, robotic process automation, and airline alliances, this major reference work is an essential resource for airline managers, supply chain specialists, air transport managers, students and faculty of higher education, libraries, researchers, economists, government officials, and academicians.

Lean Production transformed the way that companies think about production and manufacturing. This book provides a new challenge. It arises from the work of the Lean Aerospace Initiative at MIT and provides a new agenda and bold vision for the aerospace industry to take it out of crisis. It also redefines and develops the concept of Lean as a framework for enterprise transformation and this will be relevant and critical for all industries and enterprises.

In this probing critique of aviation security since 9/11, Andrew R. Thomas, a globally recognized aviation security expert, examines the recent overhaul of the national aviation security system.
Despite the complete federal takeover of aviation security in November 2001, Thomas notes many continuing problems, including: millions of passenger bags that are still not screened or matched; the unresolved problem of air rage and unruly passenger behavior; the "forgotten chasm" of air cargo, which remains largely unchecked due to inadequate resources; and lax standards, the hiring of high-risk employees, and the failure to secure critical areas in many of our nation's airports.
Thomas also considers many of the proposed solutions to these vulnerabilities: biometrics, profiling, air marshals, bomb-detection devices, and smart technology that links reservations systems to private and government databases. How practical are these proposals? Will they work? What will they cost? How much time will be needed to implement any or all of them? In light of the restructuring of airline security, what new roles will be played by the airline industry, government, airports, and the Transportation Security Administration? Thomas's thorough analysis and command of all the facts create an enlightening overview of the airline security dilemma and its numerous formidable challenges.
Finally, he considers the future, outlining a strategic approach for government and industry to meet new and existing threats while continuing to serve the public in an efficient manner.

"The aim of this book is to demonstrate that Franklin D. Roosevelt was one of the leading agents in both setting out and working to implement the principles that came to govern the international aviation system from 1945 down to the recent present and that much of its design was drawn from the experience of domestic US aviation reform in the 1930s. In contemporary parlance one might say that what is proposed here is the explanation of the genesis of a roadmap set out successively by Roosevelt's administrations for the achievement of a liberalized and lightly regulated international civil aviation market. Furthermore, a key contention of this research is that FDR himself played a much more important role in crafting policy than has previously been acknowledged"--

This book examines the escalation of an organizational conflict to one of the most talked about industrial crises of the past decade: the demise of Eastern Airlines. Through an analysis of the messages exchanged by some of its key participants--the representatives of the pilots and management of Eastern--this study attempts to explain how and why some 4,000 men and women walked away from high-paying glamour jobs and toppled an institution. The book is not an evaluation of the economic climate or financial events that put Eastern into a critical bind; instead, it is an analysis of the human cost of an organizational tragedy that might possibly have been avoided.

The results of the study support communication theory that predicts that when an agitative group bearing the characteristics of the pilots of Eastern Airlines conflicts with an establishment such as Eastern's management under Frank Lorenzo, the establishment can always successfully avoid or suppress agitative movements. This work will be of interest to scholars and practitioners in industrial relations, labor-management studies, corporate communication, and American industrial history.

In the foreseeable future the alliance will become an increasingly important feature of the airline industry around the world. Despite its growing importance to airline management, aviation policy makers, and research literature, there has not been much rigorous analysis of airline alliances in economics or management literature. It is clear that the authors of this book are among the first researchers to do serious analytical studies and quantitative analysis on airline alliances. Given the growing importance of alliances, there is a clear need for a book that gives a comprehensive and analytical treatment of key aspects of airline alliances. In this book, they accomplish just that. This book presents the past history and current status of airline alliances, reasons why alliances are being formed, analyzes the questions 'why are alliances likely to remain a key fixture of the airline industry in the foreseeable future?' and 'what implications do alliances have on carrier management and public policy makers', and quantifies the key economics effects of airline alliances.

Greening Airports considers the "greening", i.e., more sustainable development, of the entire air transport system - airports, air traffic control, and airlines - that could be achieved by the development and implementation of advanced operations and technologies. A broad overview of the general concept is given at the start of Greening Airports, which then goes on to provide a system for monitoring and assessing the level of greening of both the air transport system and individual airports. These are followed by analysis and modelling of the potential effects of particular advanced operations and technologies on the greening of airports and their local airspace. These include: the development of a large airport into a multimodal transport node by connecting it to a high speed rail network; the use of operations supported by new and existing air traffic control technologies to increase landing capacity of existing runways; the use of liquid hydrogen as a commercial aviation fuel; and the improvement of airport ground accessibility by a light rail rapid transit system. Greening Airports is written for researchers, planners, operators and policy makers in air transport.

An efficient air transport system is critical to countries attaining and sustaining healthy economies in an increasingly interconnected world economy. Competing successfully now means quick shipping over long distances at reasonable rates. Societies also prosper when people from different countries can travel around the world using efficient transport. This volume includes literature surveys and original empirical research examining airline efficiency in the twenty first century. Topics cover airline productivity, sources of airline efficiency, the cost and scope of operations in airline transport; airline productivity for different global regions; methodologies estimating productivity growth and efficiency. Further chapters on sources of airline efficiency examine fuel efficiency differences, efficiency in different stages of production, and the contributions of technological change, mergers, and low-cost carrier competition to efficiency. Chapters on the cost and scope of operations examine all-cargo carrier efficiency, gains from airline/high speed-rail cooperation, and airport economies of scope in passenger and freight operations.

Taking Stock of Air Liberalization is about Technology, Economy, and Policy (TEP) in the airline industry. Ten years ago, the practical collaboration was begun of bringing together people who belonged to the complementary streams of economic analysis and policy analysis presented int his book. During this time, we opened discussions on the relationship between transportation technology, transportation economics and transportation policy under the general auspices of the Canadian Royal Commission on National Passenger Transportation. Working over a 40-month period (1989-1992), this Commission took stock of transportation and produced an up-to-date A0/00tat de la question' and policy framework (Hyndman, et al, 1992). Clearly, the project committee's discussions on air policy, over the period 1995-1997 (see Chapter 8), outlined the possibilities for a mechanism to understand the differences about the desirability of air liberalisation, as well as the possible TEP interactions in this area. This led to an exploratory first formulation and computer programme (HLB, 1997) incorporating the approach outlined in Chapter 15. A joint celebration of the CRT's 25th birthday and Transport Canada's 60th birthday seemed appropriate to bring together the various streams. Part I of Taking Stock of Air Liberalization looks at the record, and Part II focuses on specific impacts of policies. Policy formulation (Part III) and the required tools (Part IV - Modelling Demand) are also discussed in this context. The book ends with perspectives in Part V - The Future Market Structure and Public Policy. The competition among airlines is rapidly spreading to the competition among airports, and the difficultregulation of these strategic spatial monopolies (which is introduced in Chapter 13) is now attracting research activity. The next discussion in the airline industry will be the role of airports.

The retail sector has undergone a major structural transformation in the past fifteen years and one aspect has been the enormous growth in airport retailing which now represents one of the major methods of profit generation for the airport authorities. With this trend set to continue, retailing will increasingly represent an important aspect of future airport development. In European Airport Retailing the authors set out to examine the contemporary and future developments in airport retailing, both from a strategic and operational perspective. Including coverage of both tax free and duty paid retailing, the book looks at such issues as retail marketing; location and design; supply chain relationships and human resource issues.

Every ten years ICAO holds a worldwide air transport conference. The most recent such event - the 6th Worldwide Air Transport Conference (ATConf/6) - was held in Montreal from 18 to 22 March 2013. The questions posed by this book are: are the "clerical and administrative tasks" for ICAO which were decided on by ATConf/6 (and other preceding conferences) sufficient to meet the needs of the people of the world for safe, regular, economical and efficient air transport? Should ICAO not think outside of its 67-year-old box and become a beacon to air transport regulators? In other words, shouldn't the bottom line of ICAO's meaning and purpose in the field of air transport be to analyze trends and guide the air transport industry instead of continuing to merely act as a forum for global practitioners to gather and update information on their respective countries' policies for air transport? Shouldn't ICAO provide direction, as do other agencies of the United Nations? This book addresses ICAO's inability, unlike most other specialized agencies in their missions, to make a tangible difference in air transport development, through a discussion of key issues affecting the air transport industry. It also inquires into the future of air transport regulation. "

This textbook is designed for undergraduate students studying airspace engineering, as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students studying air transport management. It will also be very helpful for the training of air traffic control officers. The textbook does not require any prior (specialist) knowledge as it is an introduction to the Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs) business. There is very little literature available that gives a detailed appreciation of the complexities, potential risks and issues associated with the provision of air navigation services. The role of this textbook is to fill this significant gap with a comprehensive, in-depth study of the management principles related to Air Navigation Service Providers. This is particularly timely given recent ATC developments in Europe, USA, and New Zealand. Airlines and airports rely on the Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs) for the management of air traffic. Hence, Air Navigation Services (ANS) provision is considered as a core element for air transportation. This textbook addresses each of the Air Navigation Services' five broad categories of services provided to air traffic during all phases of operation: Air Traffic Management (ATM), Communication services, Navigation services and Surveillance services (CNS), Meteorological services for air navigation (MET), Aeronautical Information Services (AIS) and Search and Rescue (SAR). This textbook is designed for undergraduate students studying airspace engineering and undergraduate and postgraduate students studying air transport management. It will also be very helpful for the training of air traffic control officers. The textbook does not require any prior (specialist) knowledge as it is an introduction book to the Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs) business.

Liberalization of regulatory policy on international air transportation through the use of bilateral and multilateral open skies agreements contributes to a business environment that presents air carriers with the opportunity to take advantage of greater access to aviation markets world-wide. Chapters in this volume of Advances in Airline Economics provide in-depth analysis of open skies agreements. In addition, contributions present empirical analysis of the effect of greater availability of international air transportation services on air fares, export flows, operating efficiency, and passenger demand for international flights. The influence of international airports on local metropolitan areas' economic development is also examined. Regulation of international air transportation, however, is not limited to the erosion of entry barriers. Companies providing international air transportation services also face restrictions on pollution emissions. This volume provides a more complete analysis of the economics of international air transportation by presenting research on the costs borne by air transportation companies due to pollution regulation in Europe, Australia and New Zealand.

Flying the not-so-friendly skies...

In her more than fifteen years as an airline flight attendant, Heather Poole has seen it all. She's witnessed all manner of bad behavior at 35,000 feet and knows what it takes for a traveler to become the most hated passenger onboard. She's slept in flight attendant crashpads in "Crew Gardens," Queens--sharing small bedrooms crammed with bunk beds with a parade of attractive women who come and go at all hours, prompting suspicious neighbors to jump to the very worst conclusions. She's watched passengers and coworkers alike escorted off the planes by police. She can tell you why it's a bad idea to fall for a pilot but can be a very good one (in her case) to date a business-class passenger. Heather knows everything about flying in a post-9/11 world--and she knows what goes on behind the scenes, things the passengers would never dream.

Heather's true stories in Cruising Attitude are surprising, hilarious, sometimes outrageously incredible--the very juiciest of "galley gossip" delightfully intermingled with the eye-opening, unforgettable chronicle of her fascinating life in the sky.

The book is an up-to-date and comprehensive description of the institutions involved in the aerospace field. It discusses the activities of the main space powers, the United Nations and other international organizations. Without listing figures and budgets, the author conveys a clear idea of the relative importance of those institutions. The novelty of this work is that, in bringing together national and international entities, it explains how those organizations interrelate and coordinate their programs. A complete picture emerges which is more than the sum of its parts.

The field of aerospace, which depends heavily on government funding and direction, has been particularly effected by the shifting alliances and recent financial troubles of the space powers. In a book which is both comprehensive and simple to understand, d'Angelo has collected the many pieces of a complex institutional mosaic to draw a clear picture of the entire framework. In addition to being up-to-date, the book is also a novelty in the sense that it describes the work of both national and international entities and explains how those organizations interrelate and coordinate their programs. Without making a list of figures and budgets, d'Angelo gives a clear idea of the relative weight of the various government activities. From the discussion of those activities the reader gains an understanding of the current state of affairs as well as future trends.

With the growth of just-in-time delivery and e-commerce, fast and efficient cargo delivery remains in high demand around the globe. Not so long ago, the air cargo mode was employed mostly to move higher valued goods. Open international trade, combined with scale/scope economies in air transport and the use of modern commercial jets means that now some formerly "bulky" commodities are moved by air, a modal choice that would have been unthinkable a generation ago. However, as it grows the industry is not without its controversies or detractors. Employing various empirical techniques and modeling perspectives, the authors highlight the methods by which air cargo companies today provide effective and increasingly affordable services and how such services enhance economic growth, trade and development. The chapters cover three broad operational areas: costs and competitiveness, shipper services and air cargo company demand, and international competition and economic development. This volume provides the researcher with an updated "snapshot" of this international industry and provides governments with strong evidence that the development of an internationally competitive air cargo sector will likely continue to generate significant economic benefits across the globe.