This book is the fourth volume of the sub series of the Lecture Notes in Mobility dedicated to Road Vehicle Automation. lts chapters have been written by researchers, engineers and analysts from all around the globe. Topics covered include public sector activities, human factors and challenges, ethical, legal, energy and technology perspectives, vehicle systems development, as well as transportation infrastructure and planning. The book is based on the Automated Vehicles Symposium which took place in San Francisco, California (USA) in July 2016.

This book analyzes how transport influences the ecology of various regions. Integrating perspectives and approaches from around the globe, it examines the use of different types of engines and fuels, and assesses the impact of vehicle design on the environment. The book also addresses the effect of the transport situation in agglomerations on their environmental safety. Various types of environmental impacts are considered, from traditional emissions to noise and vibration. Presenting scientific advances from 7 European countries, the book appeals to experts, teachers and students, as well as to anyone interested in the environmental aspects of the transport industry.

• Only book world-wide addressing this topic.
• The principal output of the European co-operative Action on "Water Movements in Road Pavements & Embankments."
• Provides unique guidance on assessing water condition and its affects on road performance.
• Provides unique guidance on assessing and ameliorating contaminant movement in pavement groundwater.
• Written by leading experts in Europe.

This book presents papers from the First International Conference on Smart Vehicular Technology, Transportation, Communication and Applications (VTCA 2017). Held from 6 to 8 November 2017 in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, the conference was co-sponsored by Springer, Fujian University of Technology in China, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Equipment, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Big Data Mining and Applications, and National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences in Taiwan. The book is a valuable resource for researchers and professionals engaged in all areas of smart vehicular technology, vehicular transportation, vehicular communication, and applications.

This monograph presents a tactical planning approach for service network design in metropolitan areas. Designing the service network requires the suitable aggregation of demand data as well as the anticipation of operational relocation decisions. To this end, an integrated approach of data analysis and mathematical optimization is introduced. The book also includes a case study based on real-world data to demonstrate the benefit of the proposed service network design approach. The target audience comprises primarily research experts in the field of traffic engineering, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students.

This volume addresses a variety of issues on traffic safety policy, ranging from issues of climate change, urban equity, and transport safety, in a broad global and societal context, while retaining situation-specific details. Written by international experts on issues of transportation and traffic safety, it will be of special interest to advanced researchers in the engineering and planning disciplines working on these issues as well as policy makers concerned with setting up institutions and legislations for traffic safety.

Roundabouts have become one of the most significant traffic control measures because they are generally statistically safer and more efficient than traditional at grade intersections. This book is dedicated to the evaluation of the operating conditions of roundabouts. In five parts, it thoroughly illustrates the calculation of the capacity, including reliability, and waiting phenomena parameters, such as the times spent in the system and queue lengths. Fully worked examples are included throughout the chapters, with detailed explanations.

This book introduces typical inertial devices and inertial-based integrated navigation systems, gyro noise suppression, gyro temperature drift error modeling compensation, inertial-based integrated navigation systems under discontinuous observation conditions, and inertial-based brain integrated navigation systems. Integrated navigation is the result of the development of modern navigation theory and technology. The inertial navigation system has the advantages of strong autonomy, high short-term accuracy, all-day time, all weather, and so on. And it has been applied in most integrated navigation systems. Among them, the information processing of inertial-based integrated navigation system is the core technology. Due to the effect of the device mechanism and working environment, there are errors in the output information of the inertial-based integrated navigation system, including gyroscope noise, temperature drift, and discontinuous observations, which will seriously reduce the accuracy and robustness of the system. And the book helps readers to solve these problems. The intelligent information processing technology involved is equipped with simulation verification, which can be used as a reference for undergraduate, graduate, and Ph.D. students, and also scientific researchers or engineers engaged in navigation-related specialties.

The book addresses the overall integrated design aspects of a space transportation system involving several disciplines like propulsion, vehicle structures, aerodynamics, flight mechanics, navigation, guidance and control systems, stage auxiliary systems, thermal systems etc. and discusses the system approach for design, trade off analysis, system life cycle considerations, important aspects in mission management, the risk assessment, etc. There are several books authored to describe the design aspects of various areas, viz., propulsion, aerodynamics, structures, control, etc., but there is no book which presents space transportation system (STS) design in an integrated manner. This book attempts to fill this gap by addressing systems approach for STS design, highlighting the integrated design aspects, interactions between various subsystems and interdependencies. The main focus is towards the complex integrated design to arrive at an optimum, robust and cost effective space transportation system. The orbital mechanics of satellites including different coordinate frames, orbital perturbations and orbital transfers are explained. For launching the satellites to meet specific mission requirements, viz., payload/orbit, design considerations, giving step by step procedure are briefed. The selection methodology for launch vehicle configuration, its optimum staging and the factors which influence the vehicle performance are summarized. The influence of external, internal and dynamic operating environments experienced by the vehicle subsystems and the remedial measures needed are highlighted. The mission design strategies and their influence on the vehicle design process are elaborated. The various critical aspects of STS subsystems like flight mechanics, propulsion, structures and materials, thermal systems, stage auxiliary systems, navigation, guidance and control and the interdependencies and interactions between them are covered. The design guidelines, complexity of the flight environment and the reentry dynamics for the reentry missions are included. The book is not targeted as a design tool for any particular discipline or subsystem. Some of the design related equations or expressions are not attempted to derive from the first principle as this is beyond the scope of this book. However, the important analytical expressions, graphs and sketches which are essential to provide in-depth understanding for the design process as well as to understand the interactions between different subsystems are appropriately included.

This book provides concise descriptions of the various solutions of transition curves, which can be used in geometric design of roads and highways. It presents mathematical methods and curvature functions for defining transition curves.

This proceedings volume presents current research on transport sector development, with particular emphasis on sustainable transport development, innovation and transport enterprise growth and survival. Derived from the 2016 TranSopot Conference held in Sopot, Poland, this book aims to show the possibilities of maximizing the efficiency of transport, while keeping the negative effects at a sustainable level. Transport is an important field of human activity, both from economic and social points of view. It has been proven that the development of transport contributes to the development of regional, national and international economic relations. Currently, the three most important topics in transportation research are green transport, transport innovations and metropolitan transport. These are the areas in which the contributions presented in this book are focused. Researchers in the field of sustainable transport provide the reader with a comprehensive description of possible activities towards green transport both in the terms of various transport branches and in the supply chain as a whole. This is the framework of the second field of transport research - innovation. The authors present a wide array of a technological, organizational, process and marketing innovation, which allow transport organizers and operators to provide service in a safe, sound and economically favorable way. The analysis of these innovations and the practical implications of their introduction should be a worthwhile experience both for the transport researchers and for the transport business practitioners. Lastly, the book reflects the tendencies of rapid development in urban and metropolitan areas which forces transport policy makers to provide citizens with a comfortable and faster way of commuting that doesn't result in unacceptable congestion or other negative effects. Different concepts of metropolitan transport management are presented and their effect on the transport systems is also investigated.

The book examines the performance and optimization of systems where queueing and congestion are important constructs. Both finite and infinite queueing systems are examined. Many examples and case studies are utilized to indicate the breadth and depth of the queueing systems and their range of applicability. Blocking of these processes is very important and the book shows how to deal with this problem in an effective way and not only compute the performance measures of throughput, cycle times, and WIP but also to optimize the resources within these systems. The book is aimed at advanced undergraduate, graduate, and professionals and academics interested in network design, queueing performance models and their optimization. It assumes that the audience is fairly sophisticated in their mathematical understanding, although the explanations of the topics within the book are fairly detailed.

This book presents the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Engineering, Project, and Product Management (EPPM 2017), highlighting the importance of engineering, project and product management in a region of the world that is in need of transformation and rebuilding. The aim of the conference was to bring together the greatest minds in engineering and management and offer them a platform to share their innovative, and potentially transformational, findings. The proceedings are comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and advanced in their approach with an appeal not only for academicians and university students but also for professionals in various engineering fields, especially construction, manufacturing and production.

This thesis introduces a new integrated algorithm for the detection of lane-level irregular driving. To date, there has been very little improvement in the ability to detect lane level irregular driving styles, mainly due to a lack of high performance positioning techniques and suitable driving pattern recognition algorithms. The algorithm combines data from the Global Positioning System (GPS), Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and lane information using advanced filtering methods. The vehicle state within a lane is estimated using a Particle Filter (PF) and an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The state information is then used within a novel Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) based algorithm to detect different types of irregular driving. Simulation and field trial results are used to demonstrate the accuracy and reliability of the proposed irregular driving detection method.

Given its effective techniques and theories from various sources and fields, data science is playing a vital role in transportation research and the consequences of the inevitable switch to electronic vehicles. This fundamental insight provides a step towards the solution of this important challenge. Data Science and Simulation in Transportation Research highlights entirely new and detailed spatial-temporal micro-simulation methodologies for human mobility and the emerging dynamics of our society. Bringing together novel ideas grounded in big data from various data mining and transportation science sources, this book is an essential tool for professionals, students, and researchers in the fields of transportation research and data mining.

This unique book explains how to fashion useful regression models from commonly available data to erect models essential for evidence-based road safety management and research. Composed from techniques and best practices presented over many years of lectures and workshops, The Art of Regression Modeling in Road Safety illustrates that fruitful modeling cannot be done without substantive knowledge about the modeled phenomenon. Class-tested in courses and workshops across North America, the book is ideal for professionals, researchers, university professors, and graduate students with an interest in, or responsibilities related to, road safety. This book also: * Presents for the first time a powerful analytical tool for road safety researchers and practitioners * Includes problems and solutions in each chapter as well as data and spreadsheets for running models and PowerPoint presentation slides * Features pedagogy well-suited for graduate courses and workshops including problems, solutions, and PowerPoint presentations * Equips readers to perform all analyses on a spreadsheet without requiring mastery of complex and costly software * Emphasizes understanding without esoteric mathematics * Makes assumptions visible and explains their role and consequences

This book presents link-layer cooperative frameworks to improve transmission reliability and network throughput of distributed TDMA MAC protocols in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). The main objective of this book is to present link-layer node cooperation schemes to enhance the link-layer performance of vehicular networks, in terms of reliability and system throughput. The authors present approaches proposed for the medium access control (MAC) and node cooperation in VANETs. The authors also cover cooperative ADHOC MAC for point-to-point communication between a pair of source and destination nodes, and cooperative relay broadcasting for broadcast services in this book. The performance of node cooperation frameworks is evaluated via mathematical analysis and computer simulations, in comparison with distributed TDMA MAC protocols without cooperation. The proposed node cooperation frameworks enhance the performance of distributed TDMA MAC and make it more robust to tackle the dynamic networking conditions in VANETs. Furthermore, with cooperation enabled transmission, the performance of distributed TMDA MAC is more suitable to support the wide range of mobile applications and their strict service requirements which is discussed in this book. The proposed node cooperation schemes and distributed cooperation decisions can be extended to wireless systems other than distributed TDMA MAC, such as cellular communication, for vehicular communications introduced in this book. This book is useful for researchers from academia and industry, as well as advanced level students interested in vehicular communication networks. It is also useful for professionals and engineers developing applications that use cooperative wireless communication systems.

This proceedings present current trends in the transport growth. It presents transport solutions both at a micro-level, such as that of a single city or a single company, as well as at a macro-level of a whole transportation system. The transport decisions made by an individual in regards to the transport mode and route, add up to the structure and efficiency of the whole system. Transport systems cannot grow extensively anymore, due to lack of space or the amount of additional costs, so the authors presents new solutions, ones which are innovative and sustainable, while also increasing the efficiency of transport operations. These solutions are analyzed for performance at a scale of individual cities or companies, as well as whole transport systems. The researchers, who are often also practitioners in the field of transport, provide not only the theoretical background for the transport analysis but also empirical data and practical experience.

This book focuses on the design of a multi-criteria automated vehicle longitudinal control system as an enhancement of the adaptive cruise control system. It analyses the effects of various parameters on the average traffic speed and the traction force of the vehicles in mixed traffic from a macroscopic point of view, and also demonstrates why research and development in speed control and predictive cruise control is important. The book also summarises the main steps of the system's robust control design, from the modelling to its synthesis, and discusses both the theoretical background and the practical computation method of the control invariant sets. The book presents the analysis and verification of the system both in a simulation environment and under real-world conditions. By including the systematic design of the predictive cruise control using road and traffic information, it shows how optimization criteria can lead to multiobjective solutions, and the advanced optimization and control design methods required. The book focuses on a particular method by which the unfavourable effect of the traffic flow consideration can be reduced. It also includes simulation examples in which the speed design is performed, while the analysis is carried out in simulation and visualization environments. This book is a valuable reference for researchers and control engineers working on traffic control, vehicle control and control theory. It is also of interest to students and academics as it provides an overview of the strong interaction between the traffic flow and an individual vehicle cruising from both a microscopic and a macroscopic point of view.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of magnetic levitation (Maglev) technologies, from fundamental principles through to the state-of-the-art, and describes applications both realised and under development. It includes a history of Maglev science and technology showing the various milestones in its advancement. The core concepts, operating principles and main challenges of Maglev applications attempted across various fields are introduced and discussed. The principle difficulties encountered when applying Maglev technology to different systems, namely air gap control and stabilization, are addressed in detail. The book describes how major advancements in linear motor and magnet technologies have enabled the development of the linear-motor-powered Maglev train, which has a high speed advantage over conventional wheeled trains and has the potential to reach speed levels achieved by aircraft. However, many expect that Maglev technology to be a green technology that is applied not only in rail transportation, but also in diverse other fields; to ensure clean transfer in LCD manufacturing, in ropeless high speed elevators, small capacity rail transportation, space vehicle launchers, missile testers, energy storage, and so on. These potential applications and their unique challenges and proposed technological solutions are introduced and discussed in depth. The book will provide readers from academia, research institutes and industry with insights on where and how to apply Maglev technology, and will serve as a guide to the realization of their Maglev applications.

This is a collection of state-of-the-art surveys on topics at the interface between transportation modeling and operations research given by leading international experts. Based on contributions to a NATO workshop, the surveys are up-to-date and rigorous presentations or applications of quantitative methods in the area. The subjects covered include dynamic traffic simulation techniques and dynamic routing in congested networks, operation and control of traffic management tools, optimized transportation data collection, and vehicle routing problems.

Road Traffic Modeling and Management: Using Statistical Monitoring and Deep Learning provides a framework for understanding and enhancing road traffic monitoring and management. The book examines commonly used traffic analysis methodologies as well the emerging methods that use deep learning methods. Other sections discuss how to understand statistical models and machine learning algorithms and how to apply them to traffic modeling, estimation, forecasting and traffic congestion monitoring. Providing both a theoretical framework along with practical technical solutions, this book is ideal for researchers and practitioners who want to improve the performance of intelligent transportation systems.

This contributed volume contains the conference proceedings of the Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO) conference 2015, Berlin. The included papers cover a wide range of topics in traffic planning and simulation, including intermodal simulation, intermodal transport, vehicular communication, modeling urban mobility, open data as well as autonomous driving. The target audience primarily comprises researchers and experts in the field of mobility research, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students.