International Business is a well-established research field, in which regionalisation has recently gained significant prominence. Europe comprises marketplaces characterised by unique patterns of highly advanced economic integration. No other marketplace in the world has progressed to the same levels of harmonisation across sovereign countries and economies. European Business is a subject in its own right with its own research momentum. Contemporary research evidences that firms view Europe as a challenging, mostly - yet not entirely - mature market location. Yet this location, often seen from a multi-country perspective, is subject to complexities revealing strategic corporate strengths and weaknesses. Theory, concepts and models known from International Business hence often vary in their applicability and relevance in this business environment. This comprehensive reference volume brings together a global team of contributors to analyse and overview the key issues, themes and phenomena that affect business in Europe. With interdisciplinary perspectives, the book covers crucial themes that any European Business research needs to acknowledge, including business cultures and identity, entrepreneurship and innovation, M&A and institutional trends, European HRM, migration, climate change issues, Brexit, and more. The selection of authors, from 17 countries worldwide, reflects the international scope of this research field and its agenda. A unique resource, this book provides an essential guide to researchers, research students and scholars of business and the social sciences, as well as the informed business community.

This book begins with an overview of the residential and commercial real estate market; investment and rental market, housing policies, risks and returns and continues with a study of current real estate investors, and the indirect investments in real estate through listed companies. Finally, there is an analysis of the financial real estate market, for the consumer and the developer, and the new products which have been developed for them.

The book outlines the importance of Indian manufacturing sector and its growth under alternative policy regimes. The authors highlight the significance of various firm-specific and macroeconomic factors on the level of efficiency and profitability of the firms operating in the diverse manufacturing sector during the post-liberalization era. The book also examines the dynamic relationship between the select manufacturing sector-specific stock market indices and the various macroeconomic variables.

This volume in the Academy of International Business Latin America Chapter (AIB-LAT) series presents research findings and theoretical developments in international business, with special emphasis on innovation, geography and internationalization in Latin America. Contributions are based on the best papers from the fourth annual AIB-LAT conference.

'Written in a clear and straightforward style, and well grounded in succinct and pertinent analysis...It will prove a boon to students and practitioners alike as moves proceed towards European integration.' - British Book News;This volume identifies and analyses the extent to which the countries of Central and Eastern Europe are likely to attract inward foreign direct investment (FDI) to the turn of the century. Although these countries have been growing recipients of FDI, Western multinationals remain cautious and are slow to commit large investment sums. The book covers the contextual and thematic aspects of FDI as well as empirical country studies (including the Commonwealth of Independent States, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia) which address the legal environment for FDI, its magnitude and motives and industrial breakdown. The final section discusses the potential for closer economic and political integration in Europe.

Vodafone is one of the most successful global companies of the last 20 years, growing from holder of one of the first two mobile communications licences in the UK, to being a dominant global brand. Whilst its leadership, mergers and acquisitions, and marketing all are well documented, much less is known about how Vodafone really benefited from such endeavours, and how it managed the transformational organizational journey from national to truly global. In this fascinating insight the author provides a unique experiential view into the hidden globalization of Vodafone, in which was created a social network that was engaged in the acquisition and deployment of a global network of mobile technology that now serves a proportionate mobile customer base of 198.6 million (at 31 December 2006). This new book examines how Vodafone has led the industry to a global stage, sharing data and knowledge, negotiating commercial terms and operational excellence, all for significant global aggregation cost synergy advantage. The reader will learn about how the intra-organizational teams were formed within Vodafone and further cooperated within an informal virtual global interorganizational network organization; an invisible structure that gave Vodafone a unique economic advantage. If your global organization is considering undertaking similar transitions, then this book will prove invaluable.

This book explores some of the most common mistakes made by multinational companies doing business in China, in both cultural and managerial contexts. These shared mistakes could be as far-reaching as managing talent, local vs. global decision making, or could be as mundane as managing title, pay and performance. Many mistakes are rooted in a lack of understanding of the Chinese market in two areas: the unique talent and culture environment, and the immense opportunity potential. Very often, MNCs' global or local leaders lack the ability to make discretional decisions with one-size-fits-all approaches under the cloak of global consistency, or treating a China operation as one-of-the outfits (and a small one in the world revenue pool), even though they understand the market potential in theory. MNCs have enjoyed great success in China while many others have yet to realize their opportunities. China business continues to grow, and opportunities continue to develop. This book will guide business leaders on how to avoid the most common management pitfalls in China business, and will help the capitalize on the huge opportunity that remains in this region.

Keith Grint argues that the successes and failures of D-Day, on both sides, cannot be explained by comparing the competing strategies of each side. Instead he provides an account of the battle through the overarching nature of the relationship between the leaders and their followers.

Global business management issues and concerns are complex, diverse, changing, and often intractable. Industry actors and policy makers alike rely upon partnerships and alliances for developing and growing sustainable business organizations and ventures. As a result, global business leaders must be well-versed in managing and leading multidimensional human relationships and business networks - requiring skill and expertise in conducting the negotiation processes that these entail. After laying out a foundation justifying the importance of studying negotiation in a global context, this book will detail conventional and contemporary theories regarding international engagement, culture, cultural difference, and cross-cultural interaction, with particular focus on their influence on negotiation. Building on these elements, the book will provide a broad array of country-specific chapters, each describing and analyzing the negotiation culture of businesspeople in a different country around the world. Finally, the book will look ahead, with an eye towards identifying and anticipating new trends and developments in the field of global negotiation. This text will appeal to scholars and researchers in international business, cross-cultural studies, and conflict management who seek to understand the challenges of intercultural communication and negotiation. It will provide trainers and consultants with the insights they need to prepare their clients for intercultural negotiation. Finally, the text will appeal to businesspeople who find themselves heading out to engage with counterparts in another country, or operating in other multinational environments on a regular basis.

This highly practical book explains how executive teams in global companies can work together to successfully drive change, enable fast growth or restructure the business. It demonstrates a clear correlation between team development and business results and even deals with special issues for teams in the not-for-profit sector and emerging markets.

The growth of the multinational enterprise (MNE) has led to an increasing interest in international business strategy from scholars, professionals, and policy makers alike. MNEs must contend with challenges in both their home and host international markets, and increasingly uncertain conditions in the international business environment demand superior firm-level capabilities for multinational firms to achieve and maintain competitive advantages in the long-run. This Handbook explores the progress made in international business strategy theory and practice in the last few decades. Written by an international team of leading experts, it captures the differences in motivations and decision-making processes between smaller and larger firms, private, family, and state owned firms, and emerging or developed market multinationals. It elaborates on the links between international strategy and the social responsibilities of the firm in its various host market contexts, including the deployment of effective and ethical human resource practices in international markets. Most importantly, it lays out how the classic principles of international competitive strategy are transformed in today's markets, in great part due to digitalization, and provides suggestions on how MNEs can develop international business strategies to respond to these transformations. The implications of these discussions for strategy and practice are becoming ever more profound. This Handbook will prove a valuable resource for both international business scholars and practitioners.

measure of the rate of innovation --research-and-development (R&D) expenditure per employee compared to new patents received per employee -- does not adequately capture a unique feature of SMEs, namely that owners and managers are often themselves innovators. For example, in Japan 52 per cent of SMEs' innovations reported in 1986 were created by employers, whereas in large firms 72 per cent of innovations were created by research technicians. Nevertheless, patchy evidence from Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States indicates that SMEs at least hold their own in terms of innovation compared to large firms. Perhaps most significantly, a recent study indicates that, while the total number of innovations is positively related to R&D expenditures, skilled labour and the degree to which large firms comprise the industry, in innovative industries innovative activity tends to emanate more from SMEs than large firms. This is probably because in industries where large firms dominate, SMEs need to be innovative to survive. There is much information to suggest that in technologies such as micro-electronics, new materials and biotechnology SMEs tend to be in the vanguard of innovation. Small and medium-sized enterprises as exporters. The contribution of SMEs to a national economy from exporting is generally small; for example, in Japan SMEs accounted for only 13 per cent of merchandise exports in 1990.

Written by leading experts in the field, this bestselling textbook has guided over 25,000 students across 130 countries through their International Human Resource Management studies. Retaining its critical edge, academic rigour and breadth of coverage, the sixth edition has been thoroughly updated to include cutting-edge content on the Covid-19 pandemic, digitalization and artificial intelligence (AI), as well as a broad range of new case studies and practical examples from organizations around the globe. Suitable for upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate students of International Human Resource Management. Lecturers can visit the companion website to access a range of online resources designed to support teaching, including a teaching guide, PowerPoints, videos with critical thinking questions and answers, and selected content from the SAGE Business Cases platform. B. Sebastian Reiche is Professor of People Management at IESE Business School in Barcelona. Anne-Wil Harzing is Professor of International Management at Middlesex University, London, Visiting Professor at Tilburg University, and Fellow of the Academy of International Business. Helene Tenzer is Assistant Professor of International Management at LMU Munich School of Management.

A combination of economic knowledge and accounting expertise provides a better understanding of problems of change within certain Pacific Basin nations. The role of accounting services firms in producing international linkage needed as a foundation for economic growth is described. An understanding of the impact of these firms on business operations among the nations of the Pacific Basin is provided. The focus is on the growth prospects for the accounting services firms in various area nations.

This book explores cutting-edge models and practices that support cultural alliances over boundaries. It examines trends in Asia's modification of its economic and fiscal environment, strategies undertaken by multinational companies and governments in Asia in coping with divergent cultures, organizational restructuring to support alliance formation and maintenance and post-crisis strategies. The book illustrates the range of governance structures that are seen to be better (or worse) at supporting alliances and it offers an approach to ameliorating difficulties.

This book focuses on social perspectives of women's entrepreneurship, in the context of work-life balance and crowd-based business modelling, and economic perspectives associated with quality-of-life expectations. It focuses on the convergence of business perspectives and the social values and lifestyle of women entrepreneurs. The attributes of women entrepreneurship in developing economies have been discussed with focus on new entrepreneurial trends, changing organizational design and workplace environment, frugal innovation and technology, and shifts in market behavior. The book presents a six-box strategy including learned knowledge, scope of enterprise, innovation and technology, social values, design-development, and entrepreneurial business modeling. The core argument underlies in critically examining the practical, tacit, and intuited strategies to redesign entrepreneurial business models against conventional social values of women entrepreneurs. The author analyzes positivist, constructivist, pragmatist, interpretivist, and phenomenological perspectives to explain entrepreneurial behavior of women and derive cognitive synthesis to enhance business performance, entrepreneurial mindset, and perceptual schema.

This book is a comprehensive work which incisively analyses, from a theoretically informed perspective, crucial aspects of India's journey from partial divestiture to privatisation, accompanied by case studies of enterprises being privatised in FY 2022. Naib begins with the economic role of the state followed by theoretical and empirical evidence on the state versus private ownership in the first two chapters. Next, an overview of public sector in India including the New Public Sector Enterprise Policy for Atmanirbhar Bharat-2021 is discussed, before a broader examination of the global experience with privatisation is done. Naib then goes on to explore India's journey from partial divestiture to privatisation from 1991 to 2021 in four time slots based on the political party in power. The book also looks at big ticket privatisation and asset monetisation proposed in FY 2022. Many criticised the design of National Monetisation Plan as it may lead to concentration of wealth, increasing inequalities, asset stripping, and consumers paying higher charges. The book closes by presenting six instances of big-ticket privatisations ranging from airlines, airports, banks, insurance, as well as industries such as petroleum and telecoms. The book's timely data and analysis of key developments will interest researchers in the fields of divestiture and privatisation in India.

For the past two decades, the Advances in International Marketing series has made unique contributions to the field of international marketing through original and high-quality essays that address various international marketing topics. Both theoretical and empirical contributions are included. While some contributors focus on managerial issues in international marketing, others take a public policy or a comparative perspective. Similarly, while some authors may confine their analyses to well-established concepts or methodologies in international marketing, others have the opportunity to incorporate new and innovative perspectives.The contributions featured in Advances in International Marketing tend to be longer than the typical journal article and may incorporate ideas, analyses or techniques considered too radical by other refereed journals. Individual volumes in the series have often featured papers selected from the annual meetings of the CIMaR (Consortium for International Marketing Research). All manuscripts submitted for publication undergo a double-blind peer review process.

The book deals with cases about the impact of, and interaction between, the different Latin American cultural, economic, legal, and political settings on activities, strategies, structures and decision-making processes of MNCs. The cases focus on business processes, settings and organizational behavior in Latin America.

To effectively deliver sustainable management in practice for Africa, we need responsible leadership. We need to deepen our understanding of sustainability in the unique socio-political and economic context of the continent. The roles of various actors across public, private and non-profit sectors as enablers of sustainable development need to be explored to understand the social, economic and environmental (SEE) trends in Africa and its emerging and developing economies, as well as to chart the way forward for the continent. This second volume explores the roles and responsibilities of the players-leaders and followers-in the core, public purpose and business spheres in delivering sustainable development outcomes for Africa. Drawing on interviews, cases and extensive literature, this volume contributes to reflection on the leadership values and practices required for a sustainable Africa and the crafting of new policy approaches to address the development challenges such as environmental degradation, economic inequities and social exclusion in Africa. The African scope of the book is hinged on collaboration from authors across Africa and the inclusion of case stories from emerging economies in the five African subregions (East, West, North, Central and Southern Africa) within the chapters. The core message is that, to achieve effective and sustainable management and development for Africa, the practice of responsible leadership is critical.

Business schools are placing more emphasis on the role of business in society. Top business school accreditors are shifting to mandating that schools teach their students about the social impact of business, including AACSB standards to require the incorporation of business impact on society into all elements of accredited institutions. Researchers are also increasingly focused on issues related to sustainability, but in particular to business and peace as a field. A strong strain of scholarship argues that ethics is nurtured by emotions and through aesthetic quests for moral excellence. The arts (and music as shown specifically in this book) can be a resource to nudge positive emotions in the direction toward ethical behavior and, logically, then toward peace. Business provides a model for positive interactions that not only foster long-term successful business but also incrementally influences society. This book provides an opportunity for integration and recognition of how music (and other art forms) can further encourage business toward the direction of peace while business provides a platform for the dissemination and modeling of the positive capabilities of music toward the aims of peace in the world today. The primary market for this book is the academic audience. Unlike many other academic books, however, the interdisciplinary nature of the book allows for multiple academic audiences. Thus, this book reaches into schools of music, business, political science, film studies, sports and society studies, the humanities, ethics and, of course, peace studies.

This study provides a timely and useful benchmark for analysis of the effects of the recently negotiated North American Free Trade Agreement on investment flows. It also presents a unified history of foreign investment in Canada, Mexico, and the United States over the twentieth century, stressing interactions among these countries and their changing policies towards inward and outward investment. Twomey analyzes economic theories of foreign investment from the perspectives of neoclassical economics and political science and places them in the context of the ongoing debate over neo-protectionist policies and the role of the United States in the global economy.

Unlike other economies, family businesses in China are greatly affected by the derived Confucian culture, excessive marketization, as well as the seemingly endless institutional supervision by a transitional Chinese government. China has a strong historical legacy, devoted to patriarchal values and strong family-centered traditions. This volume discusses the current status, upcoming challenges, and future prospects for family businesses in China. It explores unique organizational characteristics that are associated with Chinese family firms, such as being entrepreneurial, having concentrated power in the hands of the family business owners, and extensive family and semi-family involvement in the business. It also discusses shared features of strategic actions among Chinese family firms that include technology innovations, diversification, and internationalization, as well as the political connections that Chinese family firms often have. This book offers researchers a comprehensive overview of small family firms that are likely to be home-based microenterprises as well as large publicly traded business groups that are frequently owned by business families.

This book is a timely study in light of the resurgence of resource nationalism that is currently occurring in several resource-rich, developing countries. It moves away from the traditional explanations for the disappointing economic performance of resource-rich, developing countries, notably those advanced by key researchers.

Globalization is one of the buzz-words in the 1990s. It points to a world in which geographic location becomes increasingly irrelevant, a vision that has aroused both hopes and fears. Surprisingly, globalization is accompanied by increasing regionalization. This volume is a timely contribution to the debate on globalization and regionalism. Coming from several disciplines, its contributors explore the consequences of a world with no geographical barriers. Refuting simple notions of globalization, they argue that location and space will remain important dimensions of economic and social development. In view of this, the book develops a more balanced view of the tension between globalization and regionalism.