Globalization, consumerism, legislation and human rights issues impact on workplace demographics, changing the very nature thereof. It is of strategic importance to ensure that the benefits of diverse viewpoints and stakeholders are leveraged. However the underlying worldviews of economists, business leaders and consultants are often informed from a Western paradigm and solutions proposed and interventions facilitated are not integrated, integral, systemic or congruent with the containing environment or ecology. In Inclusive Organizational Transformation, Dr Rica Viljoen acknowledges that diversity of thought presents both gifts and challenges to leadership in multi-national organizations. The existential question with which an individual is confronted impacts on his or her worldview. By continuously applying a specific worldview, certain gifts manifest. These are called Human Niches. Here, Inclusivity is positioned as a radical transformational methodology with the purpose of unleashing the benefits of engagement and diversity of thought. The process of Inclusivity enables organizations to optimize the gifts of and contributions from a diverse workforce and unleash tacit knowledge. Case studies from Ghana, South Africa, and one where the same strategy had to be implemented in Australia, Peru and Tanzania are included and insights gained from the dynamics observed are shared. A synthesis of Inclusivity is presented in a model, meta-insights are derived and the prerequisites for Inclusivity on individual, group and organizational domain are illustrated.

This book conducts a detailed examination of the current form of the Hong Kong residential property regulatory system: the 2013 Residential Properties (Firsthand Sales) Ordinance (Cap 621). The author sheds light on how the new legislation promotes a number of values including information symmetry, consumer protection, the free market and business efficacy. It provides a detailed account of how the regulatory mechanism has evolved over the past three decades to catch unconsscionable sales tactics (such as selective information and/or misrepresentation of location, size, completion date and past transactions) and monitor sales practices in order to protect the interests of stakeholders in this ever-changing first-hand residential property market. This book breaks down this complicated subject matter by focusing a number of chapters each on a specific attribute of the residential property on sale. It then examines the various channels through which the information is communicated to the prospective buyer and discusses misrepresentation of the key information in sales of residential properties as criminal liability.The tension between consumer's rights on one hand and the pursuit of free market principles on the other is but one example of the conflicting values thoroughly discussed in the book, others include superstition vs. modernization and clarity vs. flexibility. Aimed at those with an interest in consumer protection and transparency-orientated legislation in commercialized real estate transactions, this book seeks to provide an in-depth discussion of the latest trends and directions of travel.

In this fourth and final volume of the CARE-ing for Integral Development series, Ronnie Lessem integrates all that has come before in terms of: Community activation; Awakening integral consciousness; and institutionalized Research. Here he focuses on individual and community development alongside that of the organization or society, and sets it in the context of an integral economy. The four critical success factors identified in recognizing and releasing integral development aligned with CARE are: GROUNDING - linking up with and building upon existing local and global movements for socio-economic development; EMERGENCE - maintaining interconnected focus; NAVIGATING - locating and developing GENE-ius in a particular community/society; EFFECTING - committing to resolving an issue and identifying the most fertile development path. Embodying Integral Development offers a comprehensive system of accreditation. Supported by examples and illustrations of CARE, this book makes a case for Integral Development as a whole. It argues that it is a qualitative means of self-assessment rather than a quantitative one, focused on engagement, immersion and interpretation, as well as evaluation, rather than empirical verification.

The Handbook provides an impressive state-of-the-art overview of the international strategic management field as an area of scholarly inquiry. The great strength of the work is the thoughtfulness of the messages conveyed by the expert team of authors. The implications for future international strategy research and for international management practice are profound and will influence the next generation of scholars in international strategy as well as senior level managers. Corporate executives will continue to operate in a world that is far from flat and will use this volume as a reliable compass, in the form of powerful conceptual frameworks, to navigate uncharted territory in the global economy. The Handbook presents a collection of 24 original research papers that should serve international strategy scholars and reflective MNE managers alike. Contributors: L. Allen-Ford, C.G. Asmussen, G.R.G. Benito, J. Birkinshaw, P. Brugman, P. Buckley, J.P. Doh, A. Eapen, W.G. Egelhoff, T. Galvin, A.S. Gaur, N. Greidanus, B. Grogaard, B.L. Kedia, A. Kolk, R. Krishnan, J. Li, Y. Li, S.M. Lundan, H. Merchant, D. Mukherjee, R. Narula, N.G. Noorderhaven, J. Oetzel, L. Oxelheim, B. Petersen, J. Pinkse, S. Prashantham, T. Randoy, M. Rivera-Santos, C. Rufin, A.M. Rugman, G.D. Santangelo, D. Singh, A. Stonehill, D. Szyliowicz, R.L. Tung, A. Verbeke, L.S. Welch, J. Wolf, H.E. Yildiz, L. Zander, U. Zander

The Handbook of Research on International Advertising presents the latest thinking, experiences and results in a wide variety of areas in international advertising. It incorporates those visions and insights into areas that have seldom been touched in prior international advertising research, such as research in digital media, retrospective research, cultural psychology, and innovative methodologies. Forming a major reference tool, the Handbook provides comprehensive coverage of the area, including entries on: theoretical advances in international advertising research, culture and its impact on advertising effectiveness, online media strategy in global advertising, methodological issues in international advertising, effectiveness of specific creative techniques, global advertising agencies, international perspectives of corporate reputation, transnational trust, global consumer cultural positioning, and performance of integrated marketing communications, among others. Researchers, students and practitioners in the fields of marketing, advertising, communication, and media management will find this important and stimulating resource invaluable.

This text frames the key areas of cross-cultural management and selects a mix of classic and modern readings. The two volumes cover conceptual and empirical articles which have shaped, and are redefining, the field.

With massive growth taking place in the real estate industry, how can China develop a free market and private ownership of land while still officially subscribing to Communist ideology? This study uses fieldwork interviews to establish how the Chinese real estate market operates in practice from both legal and business perspectives. It describes how the market functions, which laws are applicable and how they are applied, and how a nation can achieve dramatic economic growth so rapidly while its legal system is so unsettled. The book demonstrates how China is drawing on the world for ideas while retaining a domestic system that remains essentially Chinese, and how the recent revitalization of China's real estate market has confounded the predictions of many developments economists.

How should a Western company manage cross-culturally corporate values in its foreign subsidiaries? Do these values make sense everywhere and can they assumed to be universal or, on the contrary, are they culturally Western specific?

Philippe d Iribarne provides answers to these timely and urgent questions, based on research carried out in the subsidiaries of a leading global company, Lafarge, in the contrasting cultural environments of China, the United States, France and Jordan. It appears that, in a large part of the world, people's expectations are similar; they expect from a good employer clear and decisive leadership, and fair and compassionate treatment, helping them to live a good life. But treating these expectations as the same could be misleading. Western companies with a humanistic orientation are well positioned to fulfil them, provided they are willing, in each and every geography, to take into account the local vision of the right way to achieve a good life.

By following the example presented in this book, companies who care can deliver economic efficiency as well as progressive people management in the countries in which they operate.

Outsourcing is an increasingly popular strategy deployed by a variety of institutions, including banks, multinational companies and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The book assesses the problems and solutions for those attempting to outsource through an analysis of human resource management, insourcing, lifecycles of the project, insurance requirements, operational management and recruitment within the context of the financial services industry, automotive and IT industries of Japan, North and South Korea, South Africa, Mexico, Eastern Europe, China and India. Including detailed comparative case studies, this book: considers how outsourcing can best be made to work explores the human side of outsourcing offers practical advice for improving organizational relationships and performance looks at important practices such as insourcing provides much needed analysis of the risk and insurance issues involved in outsourcing.

The world-class National Palace Museum (NPM) in Taiwan possesses a repository of the largest collection of Chinese cultural treasures of outstanding quality. Through implementing a two-organizational restructuring, and shifting its operational focus from being object-oriented to public-centered, it aims to capture the attention of people and promote awareness of the culture and traditions of China. In this vein, the NPM combines its expertise in museum service with the possibilities afforded by Information Technology (IT). This book analyses the research results of a team sponsored by the National Science Council in Taiwan to observe the development processes and accomplishments, and to conduct scientific researches covering not only the technology and management disciplines, but also the humanities and social science disciplines. The development process of new digital content and IT-enabled services of NPM would be a useful benchmark for museums, cultural and creative organizations and traditional organizations in Taiwan and around the world.

Russian multinationals are playing an increasingly important role in the world economy, particularly in some key sectors such as oil, gas and metallurgy. At the same time, Russian multinationals differ in many respects from multinationals from other countries in that they often receive special treatment from the Russian government, and, because of past experiences, international investors are often reluctant to invest in them. This book presents a comprehensive overview of Russian multinationals. It discusses the rise of Russian multinationals, examines Russian multinationals' activities in key sectors, analyses the relationship between Russian multinationals and the Russian government and between Russian multinationals and international investors, and concludes by assessing how Russian multinationals are likely to develop in future.

As more and more companies gain a global reach, managing cultural differences is an increasingly important part of every job. This book demonstrates how culture affects management practice, from organisational structure to strategy and human resource management. Drawing upon evidence from the authors' research, it encourages managers to reconsider, explore and transfer alternative practices across national boundaries. As well as providing an insight into other cultures, this text provides readers with an increased awareness of their own. The third edition of this book serves to expand the discussion of the impact of culture on effective management and on utilising differences to create competitive advantage. Employing tools of observation, questioning and interpretation, the book challenges assumptions and encourages critical reflection on the influences of culture in business. Managing Across Cultures will appeal to both managers and executives working within an international business environment, as well as to students on a growing number of MBA and other undergraduate, postgraduate and post-experience courses. Key features * New and updated examples interspersed throughout the chapters * Strong theoretical foundations are linked to highly practical application * Expanded coverage of geographical perspectives - especially from the powerful emerging economies * Focus on the emergence of diversity as a strategic priority * Exploration of the impact of culture on 'virtual teams' * Improved design, layout and 'sign-posting' of content Susan C. Schneider is Professor Emeritus of Human Resource Management at HEC University of Geneva, Switzerland. She has been Visiting Professor at INSEAD and ESSEC (France), NOVA University (Portugal) and Zhejiang University (China). As well as her research into cross-cultural management, she has actively worked to internationalise the 'mindsets' of managers and companies. Her current research focuses on diversity and corporate responsibility. Jean-Louis Barsoux is Senior Research Fellow at IMD, Switzerland. He is the author of several books on culture and diversity in management, and has written for Harvard Business Review and Financial Times. Gunter K. Stahl is Professor of International Management at Vienna University of Economics & Business (WU Vienna). Prior to joining WU Vienna, he served for eight years as a faculty member at INSEAD and held visiting appointments at Duke University's Fuqua School of Business, the D'Amore-McKim School of Business at Northeastern University, the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and Hitotsubashi University. He has published in lead ing aca demic and practitioner-oriented journals and has designed and taught cross-cultural management courses at the Masters, MBA, and Executive MBA levels for universities and business schools around the world.

Developing countries in East Asia recorded remarkable economic growth until the Asian financial crisis erupted in mid-1997. Although several countries experienced devastating setbacks, most of them recovered to achieve reasonable rates of economic growth over the next few years. Sound macroeconomic management, export-oriented policies, and the availability of skilled and low-wage labour are among the factors that contributed to the rapid economic growth before the crisis and the recovery thereafter. Especially noteworthy in this regard is the role played by foreign direct investment (FDI). This comprehensive book identifies the factors that contributed to the expansion of FDI inflows in East Asia and the factors that enabled recipient countries to utilize FDI effectively. It includes detailed case studies on China, South Korea, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. Also included is a comparative study of investing firms headquartered in the United States, Japan and Hong Kong. The authors conclude that social stability, clear and effective policy implementation and corporate governance are all key factors in reaping economic success from FDI.

In this new book, Hara, Kambayashi and Matsushima gather together a collection of case studies of innovation in various industries in modern Japan, including automobile, electronics, semiconductor, component, chemical, pharmaceutical and service industries. Unlike other books in this area, this book focuses on a broader range of Japanese industries from the post world war era to the modern day and considers the relationships between the characteristics of innovation and the features of Japanese society. These chapters demonstrate Japan's shift from being product-oriented and domestic to being business system-oriented and global. Meanwhile the process of innovation in Japan continues to include the tendency of eliminating uncertainty through intimate in-process interaction between different functions, rather than through preset rule or contracts. This book goes some way in challenging accepted notions of Japanese innovation, emphasising new and diverse trends and practises.

The variety and the international focus of the cases, be they environmental, health or management successes or failures, makes this book more appealing to a wider audience. These cases examine sociocultural issues associated with responding to a variety of crises. Additionally, a unique feature of the book is a section titled Views from the Expert, which appears at the end of each chapter. Because the expert in question is not connected in any way to the crisis, she or he share disinterested opinions and insights on the specifics of a crisis that confronted an organization. To expand the boundaries of the knowledge and the practice of communication for crisis management to one that addresses the effects of the confluence of globalization and technology on business paradigms and on practitioner competencies.The international nature and the variety of the cases, both on profit and nonprofit organizations and government agencies, and the crisis expert 's views at the end of each chapter, coupled with discussion questions, makes the textbook appealing to an international audience. The implications of the globalization process for crisis management is also be addressed.

This is an international business study of Theravada Buddhist Southeast Asia. Using a cross-disciplinary approach, the book examines business practices within a political, cultural, economic and religious context. It highlights those cultural and historical ties of the region which are shared because of a common religion. In analysing business environments, economics and government practices across the region, the book provides a deeper understanding of the influence of cultural values on work practices in Southeast Asia. The author first offers an overview of the history of the region and the nature and guiding principles of Theravada Buddhism. The next sections of the book present the history and the business and economic environment of the four countries in Southeast Asia, along with some relevant case studies of Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar/Burma and Thailand. The book analyses business strategies and practices, management and marketing issues as well as the characteristics of companies. The last part considers the political environment of the four countries and hints at future trends and developments. The book offers a framework for working in the region, and provides valuable insights into this unique business environment, which is significantly different from the Western context. Filling a gap in existing literature, this book provides an accessible study of actual business practices in Southeast Asia.

Scholarly attention has tended to focus on the owners and management of the multinationals, but when the focus is changed to that of subsidiaries, different aspects of business development and international capitalism come to light. Sandvik's study looks at the Falconbridge nickel refinery in Kristiansand, Norway.

Despite the continuous addition of regulatory initiatives concerning corporate human rights responsibilities, what we witness more often than not is a situation of corporate impunity for human rights abuses. The Bhopal gas leak examined as a site of human rights violations rather than as a mass tort or an environmental tragedy illustrates that the regulatory challenges that the victims experienced in 1984 have not yet been overcome. This book grapples with and offers solutions to three major regulatory challenges to obligating companies to comply with human rights norms whilst doing business, and asks; why companies should adhere to human rights, what these responsibilities are, and how to ensure that companies comply with their responsibilities.

Building on literature in the fields of law, human rights, business ethics, management, regulation and philosophy, this book proposes a new integrated theory of regulation to overcome inadequacies of the existing regulatory framework in order to humanize business.

This book will be of interest to scholars, students, researchers, policy makers and human rights activists working in the fields of Law, Business and Human Rights.

Pioneers in Marketing presents a collection of eight biographical essays about seminal marketing scholars of the twentieth century, focusing on the careers and contributions of those who contributed most to the development of the marketing discipline. Five of the eight biographies rely extensively on archival materials which allow for a much more detailed examination of the subject's life and career than earlier published sketches, and two of the biographies in this collection are drawn from from extensive interviews with the subject. The careers of most of the scholars included in this volume were centered on the first half of the twentieth century, during which time marketing emerged as a university discipline. Introduced with a chapter that discusses biography as a form of historical writing in marketing, author Ian Dennis offers a rationale for biography as an approach to studying marketing history, outlines methodology for doing biographical research, and explores sources of biographical material. The final chapter delves into common themes of the biographies, lessons that can be learned from this collection, and offers suggestions for further biographical research.

First published in 1998, this volume focuses on the special category of countries popularly referred to as 'transition economies' through an analysis of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) and their role in Asian economies, with a view to assessing whether they could or should provide a model for African countries. The present volume explores the institutional peculiarities displayed by 'transition economies'. These are economies which are undergoing a comprehensive and fundamental societal transformation with a view to creating a utopian communist society within the frame of a centrally administered economy, then a pluralistic society based on a market economy and the rule of law. Much of the debate on the economic performance of African LCD's has focused on informal sector activities or on the imperative to achieve structural adjustment. By highlighting instead the challenges facing two of the least successful among the African economies - Ethiopia and Tanzania, both of which share a socialist past - this book moves beyond the above issues. It argues that institutional adjustment is critical to the prospects for success in developing transition economies. As such the book investigates the transaction costs environment within which small-scale industrial activities are set. By drawing extensively on the Asian experience, (predominantly China and Vietnam but also India and Taiwan), it identifies sources of transaction costs by examining not only the transactional disadvantages of small-scale production, but also the past and present sources of institutional inefficiency.

This book analyses the economic and policy relationships between China and Latin America. One of the major economic developments in the world in the 21st century is the rise of Asia, particularly the rise of China. How does the rise of China affect the trade and investment of Latin American economies? In this volume, the contributors present expert analysis of these important effects using theoretical and conceptual insights as well as rigorous econometric tests. In addition, they also provide important policy implication which China could take from Latin American economies.

Key issues covered by the contributors include international trade and direct investment, empirical analysis of the complementary and intra-industry trade nature of Latin American and Chinese trade, the comparison of the production and trade of parts and components in East Asia and in Latin America and an examination of policy issues such as policies towards small and medium sized enterprises as well as pension reforms.

This book will be useful reading to anyone interested in Chinese Economics, Latin American Economics, and International Economics.

Air transport in the Asia Pacific has undergone significant transformation in the last three decades. What was once a region in the shadow of larger and more prosperous continents such as North America and Europe is now at the forefront of expansion in commercial air-service networks, frequency and capacity, and the overall growth in the contribution of air transport to economies on regional and, in many cases, individual country levels. Despite this, it represents an area that is generally under-represented in the commercial air-transport academic literature. Air Transport in the Asia Pacific seeks to fill this gap. Against this context, the aim of the volume is to offer a contemporary snapshot of current academic research into commercial air transport in the Asia Pacific. While one volume cannot realistically address the complete range of identifiable issues, this book provides timely, specific and research-based studies authored by leading academics and practitioners.

Addressing a previously ignored area, this text analyses two converging factors: globalisation and Korean foreign direct investment policy. It looks at the emergence of the Korean government's globalisation objectives, and at the response of the chaebol, the business groups that brought about their country's rapid industrialisation. The chapters reveal a complex story with political as well as economic dimensions. They also note the impact of the 1997 crisis, and the growing importance of inward investment. The book, therefore, covers developments in Korean economic policy from the Chun-Roh regime to the Kim Dae-Joong era.

Written by eminent scholars who are well known within their fields across Europe, this book explores changes in the international economic environment, their impacts on the strategy of firms and the spatial consequences of these changes in strategy. The economic environment in which major companies operate is subject to rapid and important changes. Such changes have their impact on the strategy of major and even smaller companies and changes in these firm's strategies often have important implications for the location choice of their activities, be it production, outsourcing, R&D or administrative activities. Addressing these issues in a clear yet rigorous manner, this book is an excellent resource for students and researchers working and studying in the areas of international business, corporations, business strategy, economic geography and business geography.

Societies today are in a period of dynamic change, highly fluid and contested in moving from traditional to liberal and from local to global, as well as varying from highly developed to emerging market economies. Alongside and facilitating this is a rapidly and exponentially changing digital media industry, including new technologies, multi-platform distributions and advertising models. This monograph highlights, identifies, evaluates and provides rich insight into the complex nature and meaning of different digital value migration in media corporations and ICT companies. It illustrates how such values affect both the internal and the external environments of media companies and industries, as well as prosumers' consumption. Including chapters from expert scholars and industry practitioners representing cutting-edge research in the U.S. and Europe in the fields of digital convergence, broadband, media and information communication technology (ICT) business and technology, the book helps academics, researchers, media policymakers and corporate executives better understand today's undulating media and ICT markets. Specifically, it illuminates where they have come from, what is at stake and what forces drive and constrain them in global hypercompetitive markets. Ultimately, it aims relatedly to facilitate high academic, business and professional standards. This text will be of key interest to scholars, students and business and industry practitioners in digital media, media management, international business, media economics and media policy and, more broadly, to those in the cultural industries, strategic management, business studies and marketing.