Business opportunity is defined as the deriving force that creates entrepreneurship, change and growth in both SMEs and multinational firms. Business networks provide opportunities and competitive advantage but they also impose constraints on firms. This volume connects opportunity detection with business networks to explore the impact of this combination on the competitive strategies of firms. It will be of use to researchers and PhD candidates working in the field of entrepreneurship, networks, and competitive strategies and advantages.

This book is aimed at all librarians and information professionals working in culturally diverse environments, whether in an academic, public or commercial setting. It addresses the issues of communication, diplomatic etiquette and common courtesies from a wide range of cultures and of how to provide library services across cultural boundaries and languages. Each chapter clearly defines a different aspect and provides clear guidance and strategies for librarians to follow in their everyday work. The book is packed with advice on how to deal with many of the situations, which arise as the result of different cultural backgrounds and language.

Development Models, Globalization and Economies compares and critiques the different economic models available in today's global market place. The US or Anglo-Saxon model is often portrayed as the best, yet Europe has a well-known Social Model, and Asia has enjoyed success in the past wherein the 'Asian Economic Miracle' was highly vaunted before their crash. But now Asia, especially China, is again on a roll. The book analyzes how these models have influenced both regional and global development, and finally engages in discussions upon alternatives and the search for the 'grail'

The increasing global interdependency in economy and business transaction asserts the importance of documenting the most recent developments in global work and organizational behaviours, which are strongly influenced by the advancement of information technologies, virtual business transactions, multicultural business groups and expanded business settings across cultures. An in-depth analysis of some major areas of developments and developmental needs for some areas which have paramount influence on international work, organizational and business psychology is of both academic and practical importance.
Our book aims to present thoughtful analyses of some major developments in work and organisational psychology, with a focus on international business and management.
The book is expected to benefit students, researchers, practitioners and employers. We hope our relentless efforts to compile leading authors work will bring fresh ideas and thought-provoking issues on both theoretical and practical applications of emerging psychological knowledge in work and occupational psychology, to the international management and business. The book will have immense value to the global market, especially for international business and management courses, programme development and delivery on work and organizational psychology across cultures, inter and intra-cultural developmental programme on business transactions, and recent developmental issues in cross-national management and business.
An eclectic approach is taken to showcase the chapters in this book. Each author is asked to invest his/hers valuable insights to write a selected chapter with examples from relevant research, utilizingscholarly and reflective arguments to cover the essence of the theme in a particular chapter.
Each Chapter has adopted an easy going style to inform readers about the developments in a major area. The discussion in each chapter is assembled with author/s own research and management experiences, thus providing a real-life perspective, highlighting the importance of applying recent developmental issues to the future academic work in the international management and business field.
*This series: Provides an international perspective to the study of business, with a special emphasis on management and marketing issues
*Deals with such topics as globalization, international business negotiations, cross-cultural communication, entry strategies, doing business in different regions, and future trends
*Also focuses on the development of international business theory, methodological issues, the results of empirical studies and the findings of practitioners

Much has been said about the proliferation of eGovernance projects in developing countries and their impact on local communities. In this book, Shirin Madon draws on 18 years of research in India in which time many changes have occurred in terms of development ideology and in governance reform for achieving development goals.

"Market Entry in Japan" provides a sound scientific and up-to-date representation of important social, economic and management matters, as well as a theoretical and practice-oriented overview of potentially successful ways in which to approach the Japanese market. It presents a thorough analysis of the latest theories on 'Managing under Different Entry Methods'. It also evaluates current research to increase intercultural understanding both in scientific and practical terms and to offer answers to the question 'How should your corporate activities in Japan be organized?'

The twenty-first century has been dubbed the Chinese century. As China becomes a dominant world economic actor, its enterprises-state run-or otherwise-increasingly look to distant shores in the Western Hemisphere and the European continent. for inspiration.This edited collection of papers bring together a diverse community of interdisciplinary Chinese research scholars to assess the impact of Chinese business on global business and environments, disseminate knowledge on the emergence of globalizing Chinese firms, and to address the issues relating to corporate sustainable development and outsourcing.

The success of the modern day leader depends in no small part on their ability to bring clarity and purpose to a world that is otherwise swamped in a fog of information, complexity and change. Somewhere along the way between the innocence of the early twentieth century and the mayhem of the twenty first century things became very complicated. The internet made customers much more intelligent. The new economies shifted the global power balance. The apparent separation of peoples and countries disappeared and climate change, terrorism and the technology explosion told a different story. Leaders more than ever have got to know what they are doing. Each and every leader needs to understand their own response to the challenges they face. This book poses three fundamental questions that will bring a new clarity to your leadership and will put you firmly in the driving seat of your most important decisions. This book is your leadership base camp; Read, rest, reflect and gear up for the most important journey of your career.

This book provides the invaluable intercultural knowledge to help you make a deal, sell your product, or find a joint venture, no matter where your business takes you. Business people who work internationally or work with people who are international need to know how to act before they can get the business-and keep it. Proper business communication includes everything from emails to eye contact, and the rules of what is "right" in other countries can be daunting to navigate. Global Business Etiquette: A Guide to International Communication and Customs, Second Edition provides critical information that businesspeople-both for men and women-need to understand the dynamics of cross-cultural communication, avoid embarrassing and costly gaffes, and succeed in business outside of the United States. Topics covered in this indispensible resource include conversation topics that are considered appropriate for different situations; how to make a positive good impression; dress and travel; attitudes toward religion, education, status, and social class; and cultural variations in public behavior. Information is provided about the United States at the end of each chapter about the ten countries that Americans do the most business with to benefit international readers.

The current phase of globalization and the increased interconnectedness of economies through trade have influenced the management and growth rates of economies and also the competitive and managerial issues for firms.
This book focuses on three main issues - economic growth and sustainable development; trade, law and regulation; and competitive and managerial issues in international business - from a multidisciplinary, transversal and eclectic perspective.
The themes are representative of the main issues for governments, regulators and international firms in a globalized trading system, while the contents epitomize the specific aspects of economics, sustainability, trade, regulation, law, politics and management.
Adiverse range of contributors with international academic and practitioner experience in their respective fields of expertise provide the varied perspectives and represent disciplines such as economics, law, politics, management and information systems.
The thematic focus of this book is of interest to academics and students as well as practitioners because the themes are particularly relevant to those who are in business in an international context or those in international policy roles in government and regulatory authorities.

In this volume, Bartlett and Ghoshal examine the transnational firm, its development and future. Ending their chapter is a debate about the future of international management research involving several individual scholars including Julian Birkinshaw (London Business School), Yves Doz (INSEAD), and Eleanore Westney (MIT). Three leading scholars in the international management field, Michael Kotabe (Temple University), Alan Rugman (Indiana University) and Srilata Zaheer (University of Minnesota) provide comments on Bartlett and Ghoshal's work and on future international management research. The present volume also presents five other articles that make a contribution to the main theme of the book. Together, they cover a set of topics in international management studies including: process issues and the evolution of collaboration in the management of international strategic alliances (alliances), the antecedents and outcomes from international entry modes (market entry), examination of the localization of HRM practices in American and European multinationals (resources), and the cultural, economic and political effects on national entrepreneurial potential (resources). The work in this volume provides a diversity of theoretical and methodological approaches and represents the thinking in the field on managing transnational firms focused on resources, market entry and alliances.

The financial crisis has exposed severe shortcomings in mainstream monetary economics and modern finance. It is surprising that these shortcomings have not led to a wider debate about the need to overhaul these theories. Instead, mainstream economists have closed ranks to defend existing theories and public authorities have expanded their interference in markets. This book investigates the problems associated with mainstream monetary economics and finance, and proposes alternatives based on the Austrian school of economics. This school emanated from the work of the nineteenth-century Austrian economist Carl Menger and was developed further by Eugen von Boehm-Bawerk, Ludwig von Mises, and Friedrich August von Hayek. In monetary economics, the Austrian school regards the creation of money by banks through credit extension as a key source of economic instability. From this follows the need for a comprehensive reform of our present monetary system. In a new monetary order, money could be issued by both public and private institutions, and there would be no need for fractional reserve banking. Instead of creating money, banks would intermediate it. In finance, the Austrian school rejects the notion of rational expectations and measurable risk. Individuals use their subjective knowledge to gather and evaluate information, and they act in a world of radical uncertainty. Hence, markets are not "efficient" nor can portfolios be built on the basis of known probability distributions of asset prices as described in the modern finance literature. This book explores the need for a new theoretical foundation for asset pricing and investment management that will give practitioners more useful orientation.

Spanning diverse current topics in the field of international strategic management, this collection represents the best writings of Peter Buckley, one of the world's leading authorities in the field. The book looks at three main areas in detail: international strategic management and government policy; foreign investment in China, Vietnam and Japan; and trade blocs, foreign market servicing strategies and international transfer pricing. An essential volume for anyone wishing to keep up-to-date with recent developments in international strategic management.

With tariff disputes, ethical concerns and digital currencies dominating the news, international finance continues to engage national debate. As globalization expands, organizations must not only manage the advantages that ensue but also their exposure to risk. Now in its sixth edition, International Financial Management offers students a comprehensive introduction to this fast-moving field. Up-to-date real-world examples, critical debate questions and project workshop activities equip students with the essential knowledge they need to succeed in international finance. This textbook is suitable for final-year undergraduate as well as master's level courses in international financial management. This title is available with MindTap, a flexible online learning solution that provides your students with all the tools they need to succeed, including an interactive eReader, engaging multimedia, practice questions, assessment materials, revision aids and analytics to help you track their progress.

Characterized by new analytical insights and methods in the field of international business, this collection of articles by Alan Rugman and Alain Verbeke celebrates their long and productive work together on issues facing top managers of multinational enterprises. Fueled by their belief in the need for better theory in multinational strategic management, the authors have explored a number of different facets in this increasingly important realm. They have organized the work into five sections: the foundations of a new theory of multinational strategic management, a radically new examination of multinational strategic management, national competitiveness, the relatively under-researched but increasingly important issue of environmental strategies of multinational enterprises, and the interactions between multinational strategic management and public policy. This outstanding collection, inspired by the occasion of Alan Rugman's 60th birthday, will be of great interest to scholars and practitioners of international business and management, as well as to economists and lawyers.

Culture dictates our conduct based on the value system that it promotes. Culture makes us who we are and has direct impact on how we behave because it defines, promotes and values conducts which we are all keen to pursue. The marks of today's prevailing culture should be viewed as an unprecedented threat faced by mankind because of the structured persuasion tools innate to the system and create limitless possibilities of realities that enable man to reject traditions and move from one vanguard to another in pursue of something that is not real. Culture can be designed by those that control the institutions of the society, taking the individual away from the collective sense of belonging to a community. On the one side this creates an anomic state of public mind and on the other side it creates fragmented communities that lead to disintegrated service of government and decision-making.The Knowledge of Culture and the Culture of Knowledge explores the construct of information and information culture and its relationship to the prevailing culture. The author provides an analysis of the relationship of media to the core constructs in the book by explaining why they have been put together to form one single idea. The book focuses on a case study of how media is used to construct realities as it is in the case of economic crisis in order to draw implications for society as a whole.

This book is based on fresh and original research with 50 EU business associations and 150 of their members, drawing on literature from a wide range of disciplines, and presents some highly original synthesis. It assesses the effectiveness of EU business associations and their potential to bring value to the EU policy-making process and to their members, and lends a methodology by which they can be evaluated.The book bocates and assesses factors in the environment of EU business associations that influence their 'governabliity,' that is their ability to unify their members' intersts and to ensure they work together for the sam purpose. It then examines variation in the governability of EU business associations. From this, the reader will be able to understand the prospect for, and limitations on, the effectiveness of EU business associations, why they vary in their capacities and performance, and why they vary in their ability to bring value to their members and to the EU policy-making process.

The Italian and Iberian Influence in Accounting History provides compelling evidence of how accounting, when conceived of as a technology rather than simply as a tool to increase efficiency, can work as a means to sustain power relations in different sites, such as the Church, the State or the factory. This book, drawing upon the growing body of work which focuses on Italy and the Iberian Peninsula, demonstrates how accounting practices were effective in the subjugation of single individuals or entire populations, whether Roman Catholic priests, State functionaries, inhabitants of conquered lands or workers. The effectiveness of accounting as a tool of power is linked to its neutral and technical appearance, which makes it difficult for those oppressed and controlled by its practices to oppose it. Its adaptability to different organizational contexts, as documented in The Italian and Iberian Influence in Accounting History, makes it a valuable tool for sustaining existing power relations and reproducing inequalities and exploitation. The Italian and Iberian Influence in Accounting History is vital reading for academics and researchers in the fields of accounting, accounting history, political management and sociology and European history.

Interest in generally expanding the understanding of small and medium-sized enterprises, especially understanding their strategies and operations to enter international markets, is growing rapidly among researchers and academics globally. Government officials, regional and economic specialists, and international trade advisers are directly involved in assisting small and medium-sized enterprises in developing their international marketing expertise. Motivating SMEs to Cooperate and Internationalize consists of research studies, cases, and experiences obtained by researchers and academics from managers of small and medium-sized enterprises in Northern Europe as they worked closely with managers on issues and problems leading to internationalization of enterprises. This book will map not only the attempts of small and medium-sized enterprises in Northern Europe to enter foreign markets, but also to understand how researchers and academics can help small and medium-sized Northern European enterprisers achieve their objectives. This compilation of approaches, perspectives, and experiences will serve as a resource tool for researchers and academics active in international management training programs worldwide and help illustrate how to close the gap between publishing results of their findings and efforts to disseminate their findings among managers of small and medium-sized enterprises in their domains. This book is the first attempt to integrate results of research studies and practices as an illustration of how knowledge of small and medium-sized enterprises has evolved since the 1980s with the contributions of individual researchers and academics in Northern Europe. It will be of relevance to academics and researchers interested in working closely with small and medium-sized enterprises to meet their goals in entering international markets.

The globalization of business has ended corporate colonialism in international commerce, and out of this has emerged what the author calls the global corporation. Differing in many important ways from the now obsolete multinational corporation it is replacing, the global corporation is actually a network of independent entrepreneurs, liberated from the control of headquarters, and thus able to implement a new vision of the overall enterprise, its competitive strategies, and how it coordinates and communicates within itself. The author carefully delineates the subtle distinctions among concepts that are often taken, mistakenly, as synonyms for globalization, such as multinationalization, and elicits the implications these distinctions have for the management of international business.

Nurtured in the post-GATT era, and especially in the last twenty years, the model of the global corporation describes an international business organization in which the parent company treats each national market as a part of a single, integrated regional or global market, setting up autonomous divisions or forming alliances and partnerships to handle each product and business line for the entire region or entire world market. In this network organization, the parent company plays the role of support office for the individual divisions, which are treated as equals. The structure consists of the support level, which handles company-wide concerns, and unit level, which handles unit-specific concerns. The two-level management is supported and re-enforced by a corporate vision and by efficient and effective communication and incentive structures.

The book addresses several research gaps in the study of organisations and rarely analysed areas such as the non-profit sector (NPOs). It combines approaches from HRM, business studies and organisation research, and incorporates micro- and macro-perspectives on organisations and institutions by using situational and neo-institutionalist frames.

The book is the culmination of a research effort which spanned all continents and involved a large number of research teams from both the industrialised and developing countries. The book addresses a number of key issues related to technology transfer by small and medium-sized enterprises most especially whether such companies are more effective transferors than larger transnational corporations. A key aspect of the research was the fact that firms in source and host countries were matched to assure a degree of consistency in the firm coverage and their responses.

Increased understanding in international business grows both from an awareness of cultural differences as well as from an appreciation of underlying shared values across cultures. This volume focuses on the latter. It assembles the best thinking of scholars from around the world in an attempt to clarify and deepen our understanding of these ethical universals. Scholars from Germany, England, Canada, Japan, China, and the United States have contributed to this volume. They also represent diverse disciplines: economics, philosophy, business ethics, history, religion, education, and political theory. Nevertheless, they unite in their conviction that the most important values and principles in international business do no vary with geography.

The Rules of the Game in the Global Economy: Policy Regimes for International Business (Second Edition) analyzes the evolution of international policy regimes affecting the development and management of international business. The authors explain the nature of international regimes, and show how the interlinked processes of global economic integration and multinational enterprise expansion make the development of regimes both inevitable and desirable. They then examine several major types of regime currently in place, including those that have emerged from global or regional institutions such as the United Nations (UN) and the European Community (EC), as well as those dealing with functional areas such as international trade and payments, sea and air transportation, telecommunications, and environmental issues. They conclude with an assessment of the critical similarities and differences among existing regimes, the most likely direction and scope of future regime development, and the important implications of regime evolution for international management. This second edition provides the reader with the following revisions: Update all data and tables and include more recent developments and examples, wherever possible and appropriate. Give specific attention to the evolution of new institutional arrangements, such as the European Union, NAFTA, and WTO. Increase emphasis on the importance to business and economic activity of environmental regimes as reflected in the issues raised at the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro and related developments. Reorganize some sections of the text including the rearrangement of materials within and among others, and the introduction of a separatechapter on telecommunications and services.