Pronunciation, spelling, the concept of roots and patterns and idomatic phrases are just some of the areas that cause confusion for students of Arabic. Learning how to avoid the common errors that arise repeatedly in these areas is an essential step in successful language learning. Speed Up Your Arabic is a unique and innovative resource that identifies and explains the most commonly made errors, enabling students to learn from their mistakes and enhance their understanding of the Arabic language. Each of the nine chapters focuses on a grammatical category where English speakers typically make mistakes in Arabic. Each chapter is divided into sections that classify the concepts and errors into subcategories. Full explanations are provided throughout with clear, comprehensive examples and exercises to help the learner gain an in-depth understanding of Arabic grammar and usage. Key features: Carefully selected grammar topics and examples based on the most commonly made errors Comprehensive explanations of the most difficult grammar points help learners gain an in-depth understanding of Arabic grammar and usage. Exercises throughout reinforce learning and link theory to practice A complete answer key making it ideal for self-study A glossary of grammatical terms, an Arabic-English glossary and a bibliography to aid learning Useful drills and listening samples available for free download at http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415660556/ Suitable both for classroom use or self-study, Speed Up Your Arabic is the ideal resource for all intermediate learners of Arabic wishing to refine their language skills.

**The printing errors in Pasos 1 Fourth Edition have been corrected** Pasos 1, fourth edition, is the first part of the best-selling two-stage Spanish course for adult learners who are either starting from scratch or who have a basic knowledge of the language. Whether learning for work or pleasure, at home or in the classroom, Pasos gives a thorough grounding in the language, enabling learners to speak, read, write and understand a language spoken by over 400 million people. This new edition has been fully updated and includes a wealth of new, contemporary photographs. A brand new section at the end of the course provides a range of activities linked to the DVD, available in the Pasos 1 CD & DVD Set or as part of the Complete Pack and Coursepack ebook. What do I get? Coursebook: containing 14 thematic lessons, this full-colour coursebook is the primary text for the course and is ideal for classroom and home use. What's in the course? Pasos 1 is full of learning features to help you progress in reading, writing, listening and speaking Spanish: -Covers the skills and structures needed for the UK GCSE examination -14 units include a range of everyday themes such as meeting people, shopping, making plans, talking about work and family and travelling -Authentic reading, listening and video materials are used throughout for a range of activities based on everyday Spanish in Spain and Latin America (CD and DVD Set must be bought separately 9781473610767) -Clear explanations and examples make the grammar easy to absorb -The Rincon cultural feature presents short pieces of cultural interest about contemporary Spain and Spanish -Free Interactive online quizzes and exercises are specially designed to reinforce learning in the classroom or at home What will I learn in Pasos 1? Key language structures and communication Pasos 1 introduces the key structures of the language over 14 thematic lessons with the emphasis placed firmly on communication. Authentic reading and listening materials are used extensively for a wide range of lively activities based on everyday situations in Spain and Latin America. Vocabulary and grammar From the outset, a realistic range of registers and vocabulary encourage development of the essential skill of comprehension. Clear examples and explanations make the grammar easy to absorb, and emphasis is placed on the acquisition of a wide range of essential vocabulary from an early stage. Culture and skills for daily life Units begin with a Preparate page of activities and include plenty of grammar tasks. The Rincon Cultural feature presents short texts of cultural interest and each unit ends with an Autoevaluacion self-assessment checklist enabling students to review what they have learned. Audio track references on a page-by-page basis ensure that listening activities are easily identified and online resources provide extra practice of essential language. The new video, filmed entirely in Spain, brings authentic culture and language in the classroom. GCSE level material Pasos 1 covers the skills and structures required at GCSE level and equivalent. How will I learn? Balance and variety Balance and variety are prominent features of the Pasos course: freer activities accompany graded, accuracy-based tasks, and there is a balance between presentation and practice of new language items and between the study and use of grammar and vocabulary, the cornerstones of language-learning. There are regular opportunities for revision and consolidation, and vocabulary and grammar support are given both at the end of each lesson and in full at the end of the book. Interactive quizzes and exercises Fun, interactive online quizzes and exercises enable learners to reinforce and improve their skills, either in class or at home. Speaking and Grammar guides With speaking becoming ever more important in today's accreditations, the Pasos 1 range offers a 2-CD Speaking and Listening Skills Practice Set. There is also a dedicated Practical Grammar reference and practice book. It contains clear, accessible grammar explanations with examples and extension in both Spanish and English. Group or independent study Pasos 1 is ideal for group study and is also useful for independent study and revision. What is new in the fourth edition? Pasos 1 CD and DVD set*: Supplementary to the Coursebook. Filmed entirely in Spain using native speakers, this brand new resource contains 12 colourful episodes which tie in with the lessons in the coursebook. Perfect for training students' listening skills, the Pasos 1 video is designed to reinforce vocabulary and language structures while adding an additional cultural element to the course. It also provides the ideal basis for group discussions. There are numerous linked activities for use in class or for self-study, which can be found in a new section at the end of the coursebook. Optional sub-titles will help students to find their way through each of the episodes and give them the confidence to approach spoken Spanish with real understanding. Improvements and additions The new edition has improvements and additions based on ideas and feedback from teachers and learners across the country. It has been fully updated and includes a wealth of new, contemporary photographs. A brand new section at the end of the book provides a range of activities linked to the DVD, available in the Pasos 1 CD & DVD Set or as part of the Complete Pack. Where does the Coursebook fit within the Pasos 1 Range? Pasos 1 Coursebook: The primary text for the Pasos 1 course. Includes 14 thematic lessons and covers the skills and structures required at GCSE level and equivalent. Pasos 1 CD and DVD set*: Supplementary to the Coursebook. All 12 videos are included on 1 DVD with optional subtitles. The Audio and Support book provides the listening element of the course, along with transcripts and answers. It contains: - 3 audio CDs (3 hours of recordings) - 2 Support Books containing a key to the exercises and recording transcripts. Pasos 1 Course Pack: Pasos 1 Coursebook + Pasos 1 CD and DVD set. The Course Pack contains: - 1 copy of the fourth edition of the Coursebook - 3 audio CDs (3 hours of recordings) - 1 DVD with 12 videos - 2 Support Books containing a key to the exercises and recording transcripts. Pasos 1 Activity Book: Supplementary to the Coursebook or Course Pack. The Pasos 1 Activity Book has been revised to tie in with 4th edition of the course with updated prices and references. It contains extra activities to consolidate and expand the material in the coursebook and grammar sections practising specific language points. As with the coursebook, two main revision units summarise what has been learned, providing reading texts with comprehension and writing tasks. Ideal for faster learners or for practice of a specific area, the Activity Book can be used alongside the Pasos 1 Coursebook or as self-access material for learners of Spanish using any course. Activities include word searches, crosswords, cultural quizzes, extra reading and comprehension tasks, and gap-fill conjugation exercises. Pasos 1 Speaking and Listening Skills Practice Set: Supplementary to the Coursebook or Course Pack. Designed to help learners concentrate on and really improve their speaking and listening skills. This book includes: - audio online - a 160 page book packed with short exercises and transcripts Spanish Practical Grammar Book: Supplementary to the Coursebook or Course Pack. A reference and grammar practice book containing clear, accessible grammar explanations with examples and extension in both Spanish and English. *The audio and video for Pasos 1 is also available to purchase from the John Murray Languages app or from library.jmlanguages.com. You will be able to stream online or download to the app.

EXPAND YOUR VOCABULARY--FOR BETTER TEST SCORES AND BETTER COMMUNICATION

You probably can't learn all the hundreds of thousands of words in the English language--but you can learn those difficult words you're most likely to need to know. If you want to increase your vocabulary for standardized tests or just better communication, "Webster's New World Essential Vocabulary" is the only tool you need. It presents essential words with definitions, example sentences, synonyms, and tense forms.

In addition to the most frequently tested terms from the SAT and GRE tests, "Webster's New World Essential Vocabulary" also includes helpful appendices on foreign phrases, prefixes, and suffixes. Together, these 1,500 words and definitions not only prepare you for tough tests, but also dramatically improve your communication skills for the business world or studying English as a second language. Whether you're worried about college entrance exams or just want to be better with words, this practical, helpful resource gives you the tools you need to read, speak, and write more persuasively, and communicate more effectively. Plus, Handy self-tests let you gauge your understanding of words and meaning, so you can measure your progress as you go!

Learn to write Japanese the traditional way! This is the ideal workbook to use when learning to write Japanese in the traditional Genkouyoushi manner using vertical boxes. It includes a complete introduction to all 92 hiragana and katakana letters as well as the basic kanji needed for the AP and JLPT tests. The main body of the workbook has over 100 pages of blank vertical grids for handwriting practice as well as lined pages for notes. It also includes several pages of guided Audio Recordings handwriting exercises for the hiragana and katakana letters and 35 essential kanji characters, long with a list of vocabulary commonly appearing on Japanese language proficiency tests. Free online audio recordings by native Japanese speakers help you practice the pronunciations of all the letters and words in the book.

Intensive Basic Latin: A Grammar and Workbook comprises a dynamic reference grammar and related exercises in a single volume. The book presents forty individual grammar points, covering the core material which students would expect to encounter in their first year of learning Latin. Grammar points are followed by contextualised examples and exercises which allow students to reinforce and consolidate their learning. There is a particular emphasis throughout on familiarising students with real, unadulterated Latin and the task of teasing information from the Latin via translations. To this end, there are matching exercises with unedited Latin excerpts and rough English translations in the chapters, encouraging students to take a hands-on approach in their learning. In addition to this, a short reading relating to the adventures of Hercules is presented at the end of almost every chapter; these readings, which become progressively more complex, give the course a strong sense of narrative cohesion and interest and provide students with opportunities to develop their comprehension and translation skills. Key features include: Clear, accessible format and jargon-free explanations of grammar Many useful language examples Abundant and varied exercises with full answer key Controlled usage of vocabulary throughout, allowing students to concentrate on building up their grammatical knowledge Review chapters at intervals throughout the text, providing exercises specially designed to consolidate knowledge of language points covered Useful English-Latin and Latin-English glossaries at the back of the book Written by an experienced instructor, Intensive Basic Latin: A Grammar and Workbook is an ideal resource for beginning students of Latin. It can be used as a textbook, grammar reference and practice resource and is suitable both for class use and independent study.

What the Persian Media Says: A Coursebook is a comprehensive and stimulating course for intermediate to advanced students of Persian. Presenting many exercises based on authentic Persian newspaper texts, the course thoroughly introduces students to the language of the news in Iran. Real cultural content is featured throughout and there is a strong focus on enabling students to gain familiarity with day-to-day modern Persian discourse. Features include: A wide range of interesting and challenging exercises presented throughout, including activities designed to both test students' knowledge in a classroom setting and to search online for further Persian news resources Usage of authentic texts from the Iranian media, written for native speakers, with sources including Ettela'at, Keyhan, Sharq, E'temad, Iran, and Mardomsalari Coverage of topics highly relevant to modern day Persian society, including the Arts, divorce, violence, problems of youth, unemployment, politics and economic issues, enabling cultural engagement and knowledge of complex expressions and idioms used in the media A comprehensive bilingual glossary of journalistic and non-journalistic terminology used in the newspaper texts, provided at the back of the book for easy access What the Persian Media Says combines modern and more traditional techniques of language teaching. With all the newspaper texts and their corresponding audio files available for free on the Routledge website, students can read the texts in digital form and listen to the audio while working on exercises in the book, enabling full and exciting engagement with the course materials. Written by an experienced instructor, this will be an invaluable resource for intermediate to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of Persian. It can also be used by self-learners and by instructors and students on intensive courses and summer language programs.

Caesar's De Bello Gallico: A Syntactically Parsed Reader is an innovative Latin reader presenting selections of Caesar's Gallic wars texts. Its unique approach tackles the two most common problems a student reading unedited Latin faces: abundant vocabulary and a maze-like sentence structure. Breaking down the sentence structure of the texts and providing vocabulary glosses throughout, A Syntactically Parsed Reader ensures better comprehension and enables students to make an easier transition from using artificial and doctored Latin to working with the unaltered language found in authentic texts. Features include: Texts presented with the syntactically parsed Latin on one page and vocabulary glosses on the other Visual display of the syntactic structure of each Latin sentence throughout, with main clauses touching the left margin, subordinate clauses shown indented, and multiple subordinate clauses arranged to illustrate which clauses are dependent on which other clauses Helpful grammar notes provided alongside the texts High frequency vocabulary included in a separate appendix to encourage efficient vocabulary acquisition Selected texts carefully chosen in line with the Advanced Placement Latin exam. Caesar's De Bello Gallico: A Syntactically Parsed Reader has been developed by an experienced university instructor. It is ideal for students seeking to improve their ability to read and understand Latin prose straight from the page.

Basic Portuguese: A Grammar and Workbook comprises an accessible reference grammar and related exercises in a single volume. Twenty units cover the core material which students can expect to encounter in their first year of learning Portuguese. Grammar points are followed by examples and exercises which allow students to reinforce and consolidate their learning. Clearly presented and user-friendly, Basic Portuguese provides readers with a thorough grounding in the fundamentals of Portuguese grammar.

Based on theclassic 1894 text by F. D. Morice, this is a collection of straightforward prose narratives with characters and incidents from history and mythology; it mayl also serve to introduce Ancient Greek culture. Stories are divided into 100-word sections, with vocabulary and appendix of proper names. Appropriate for intermediate-level Greek.

Swahili Grammar and Workbook provides a practical and comprehensive companion to Swahili grammar, filling in gaps left by other textbooks. Presenting the essentials of Swahili grammar in a highly accessible fashion, it reduces complex language topics to helpful rules and mnemonic aids, enabling maximum grammar retention and accurate usage. Grammar points are followed by multiple examples and exercises, allowing students to consolidate and practice their learning. No prior knowledge of linguistic terminology is required.

Key features include:

• Twenty five language notes covering key topics such as: personal pronouns; the Swahili noun class system; special class combinations; the imperative, the subjunctive, and the conditional moods; the use of comparatives; the use of monosyllabic verbs; the passive form and various other forms of verb extensions; the relative clause
• Clear, detailed and jargon-free grammatical explanations supported by an assortment of helpful diagrams, charts and tables and many relevant and up-to-date examples
• A wide range of communication-oriented exercises to reinforce learning and develop students ability to use Swahili actively
• Audio files to support pronunciation practice, clearly linked to relevant sections of the book and available for free download at http: //www.routledge.com/books/details/9781138808263/
• Four appendices, Swahili-English and English-Swahili vocabulary lists, a bibliography and an index presented at the back of the book for easy access to information.

Written by a highly experienced instructor, "Swahili Grammar and Workbook "will be an essential resource for all students and teachers of Swahili. It is suitable for use both as a companion reference text in language courses and as a standalone text in independent grammar classes."

An unmissable collection of eight unconventional and captivating short stories for young adult and adult intermediate learners of Modern Standard Arabic. "Olly's top-notch language-learning insights are right in line with the best of what we know from neuroscience and cognitive psychology about how to learn effectively. I love his work - and you will too!" - Barbara Oakley, PhD, Author of New York Times bestseller A Mind for Numbers Short Stories in Arabic for Intermediate Learners has been written especially for students from low-mid intermediate (ACTFL) level of Modern Standard Arabic. Mapped to B1 and approaching B2 on the Common European Framework of Reference, these eight captivating stories are designed to give you a sense of achievement and a feeling of progress when reading, and most importantly - enjoyment! What does this book give you? - Eight stories in a variety of exciting genres, from science fiction and crime to history and thriller - making reading fun, while you learn a wide range of new vocabulary - Controlled language at your level, including the 1000 most frequent words, to help you progress confidently - Realistic spoken dialogues, to help you learn conversational expressions and improve your speaking ability - Accessible grammar so you learn new structures naturally, in a stress-free way - Beautiful illustrations accompanying each story, to set the scene and support your understanding - Pleasure! Research shows that if you're enjoying reading in a foreign language, you won't experience the usual feelings of frustration - 'It's too hard!' 'I don't understand!' With intriguing plots that will spark your imagination and keep you reading, Short Stories in Arabic for Intermediate Learners will take your grasp of MSA to the next level with key features to support and consolidate your progress, including: * A glossary for bold-face words in each text * A bilingual word list * Full plot summary * Comprehension questions after each chapter. As a result, you will be able to focus on enjoying reading, delighting in your improved range of vocabulary and grasp of the language, without ever feeling overwhelmed or frustrated. From science fiction to fantasy, to crime and thrillers, Short Stories in Arabic for Intermediate Learners uses reading as the perfect tool to not only delight in learning Modern Standard Arabic, but to accelerate your journey towards fluency. Note that this book has been designed so that you get used to reading in Arabic, by turning the pages from left to right. Therefore, the first story begins at the back of the book. The English introduction starts at the front of the book. Use the codes inside the book and ebook to access a bonus story for free and the discounted audiobook on our Language Readers Library site or in the Language Readers app.

Basic Polish presents concise explanations of grammar with related exercises, to build confidence in using the modern language. Assuming no previous knowledge of Polish, the book's step-by-step approach guarantees a thorough grounding in the basics of grammar. Each of the forty units introduces particular grammar points. Clear and concise explanations are supported by a wide range of examples and exercises to allow students to practise and consolidate their learning. Later units also reinforce material taught in earlier ones. Key features include: clear, accessible format many useful language examples jargon-free explanations of grammar abundant exercises with a full answer key notes on the Polish alphabet, pronunciation and stress Polish-English vocabulary subject index. This second edition has been revised to include updated examples and explanations. It also offers five new appendices containing a comprehensive summary of grammar functions, guidance on studying an inflected language, and helpful information on question words, the important verbs byc and miec and perfective and imperfective verb aspects. Written by an experienced language teacher and author, Basic Polish is the ideal introduction to the structures and expressions most widely used in spoken and written Polish. It is suitable for both independent use and classroom study.

English language teaching textbooks (or coursebooks, as they are sometimes known) play a central role in the life of a classroom and in many contexts constitute the syllabus the teacher is expected to follow. However, there is a need to extend and strengthen research in this area. Following a substantial state-of-the-art survey of research on ELT textbooks and a discussion of appropriate methods to study them, this volume contains chapters focusing on: 1. analysis of textbook content; 2. how textbooks are used in the English language classroom, and 3. textbook writers' accounts of the materials writing, design, and publishing process.Written by an international cast of teachers and textbook writers working in the UK, the USA, Japan, Spain, New Zealand, and Saudi Arabia, this volume features a balance of theory and practice and refers to both general English and English for Academic Purposes (EAP) textbooks used around the world.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

This edited book focuses on current practices, challenges and innovations in the emerging field of English for Specific Purposes (ESP). By combining diverse, empirically-proven and innovative ESP practices from all over the world with inspiring theoretical input and reflections from experienced practitioners, the authors in this volume examine both best-practice examples and ESP programmes which by various metrics are deemed to have failed. This book will be of interest to practitioners, teacher educators and researchers working in the field of ESP, as well as readers interested in language education and curriculum development more broadly.

Containing almost 200 entries from 'accountability' to the 'Westminster model' the Encyclopedia of Democratic Thought explores all the ideas that matter to democracy past, present and future. It is destined to become the first port-of-call for all students, teachers and researchers of political science interested in democratic ideas, democratic practice, and the quality of democratic governance. The Encyclopedia provides extensive coverage of all the key concepts of democratic thought written by a stellar team of distinguished international contributors. The Encyclopedia draws on every tradition of democratic thought, as well as developing new thinking, in order to provide full coverage of the key democratic concepts and engage with their practical implications for the conduct of democratic politics in the world today. In this way, it brings every kind of democratic thinking to bear on the challenges facing contemporary democracies and on the possibilities of the democratic future. The Encyclopedia is global in scope and responds in detail to the democratic revolution of recent decades. Referring both to the established democratic states of Western Europe, North America and Australasia, and to the recent democracies of Latin America, Eastern and Central Europe, Africa and Asia, classical democratic concerns are related to new democracies, and to important changes in the older democracies. Supplemented by full bibliographical information, extensive cross-referencing and suggestions for further reading, the Encyclopedia of Democratic Thought is a unique work of reference combining the expertise of many of the world's leading political scientists, political sociologists and political philosophers. It will be welcomed as an essential resource for both teaching and for independent study, and as a solid starting point both for further research and wider exploration.

Since the nineteenth century various housing solutions have evolved, such as sprawling Australian home ownership and compact Dutch social rental housing. This phenomenon cannot be adequately explained with simple descriptions of key events, politics and housing outcomes. Critical Realism and Housing Studies pushes debate forward, arguing that a new ontological perspective is required to address fundamental issues in housing and comparative research. This book is clearly organized into three parts which: evaluate ontological and methodological alternatives for comparative housing research provide two historical case studies inspired by critical realist ontology compare the causal tendencies that explain diverging housing pathways in Australia and the Netherlands. Lawson proposes that we turn to critical realism for the solution. From this perspective the causal tendencies of complex, open and structured housing phenomena are highlighted. With this insight we are able to extract the key social arrangements which promote different housing solutions from the historical case studies. Social arrangements which are found to influence alternative pathways in housing history concern the property rights, circuit of savings and investment, as well as labour and welfare relations. As they develop differently over time and space they affect where, when and how housing solutions develop.

* Mira 3 Workbooks provide reading and writing activities for homework and cover work. * The Mira 3 Rojo Workbook complements the Mira 3 Rojo Pupil Book for extension activities.