This dictionary is written for three audiences: first, native speakers of Ojibwa, Chippewa, and Ottawa who would like to have a consistent way to write their language, especially those who are engaged in teaching their language to others; second, students of the Ojibwa, Chippewa, and Ottawa language who need a reference work they can turn to; and finally, the scholarly world in general, particularly Algonquianists and linguists.

Je me souviens invites post-intermediate students of French to improve their language skills while exploring the complex history and culture of Quebec. Drawing on cultural products from the earliest days of exploration to the present day, Elizabeth Blood and J.Vincent H. Morrissette curate an array of texts that sample Quebecois literature, popular culture, art, music, and politics and frame the texts with pre-reading and post-reading activities, cultural notes, and historical overview sections. The interdisciplinary approach challenges students to improve their French language skills while learning about Quebec. Thematically organized writings delve into issues central to understanding the many facets of contemporary Quebecois identity, while prompts direct students to search for a range of materials online. Je me souviens is an essential resource for students interested in understanding the francophone world.

This book is a study of the category of definiteness in the light of research on mental spaces and frames. The author formulates a set of eight uniform rules for the use of the definite, indefinite, and zero articles in English and German. The Concept of Definiteness presents an algorithm for nominal reference resolution that uses the definiteness value of each noun phrase to guide the search for its referent. The book discusses the results of the application of an automated system based on the proposed algorithm to texts in modern English. It also demonstrates applicability of the selected approach to text fragments representing all major historical variants of the German language.

This book is a valuable contribution to SLA research. Apart from the obvious target of the book, SLA researchers and teachers anywhere in the world, it will be of particular interest to the Japanese community and to Westerners interested in Japanese language and culture. It is not easy to write a book appealing to audiences as disparate as this, but Daulton has managed to do this very well. He writes clearly and lucidly and makes good use of his teaching experience in Japan (Hakan Ringbom, Abo Akademi University). Japan offers a prime example of lexical borrowing which relates to language transfer in second and foreign language learning. The insights gained by examining language borrowing in Japan can be applied wherever language contact has occurred and foreign languages are learned.Many of the most important English vocabulary may already exist in native lexicons. This pioneering book examines Japanese lexical borrowing, clarifies the effect of cognates on foreign language acquisition, assesses Japanese cognates that correspond to high-frequency and academic English, and discusses using this resource in teaching. It includes extensive lists of loanword cognates.

Basic Irish: A Grammar and Workbook provides a jargon-free introduction to the most commonly used grammatical structures within the Irish language. Focusing on the repeated use of grammatical patterns, this Workbook develops an understanding of the structures presented, making the forms familiar and automatic for learners.

This user-friendly workbook includes:

• terminology introduced and explained with multiple examples
• exercises in the grammatical forms introduced in the text
• translation exercises
• an exercise key.

This text is designed for learners who have achieved basic proficiency and wish to progress to more complex language. Each of the units combines concise grammar explanations with examples and exercises to help build confidence and fluency. Features include:

• clear explanations of the similarities and differences in English and Spanish grammar
• authentic language examples from a range of contemporary media
• reading comprehensions at the end of each unit
• full cross-referencing throughout
• extra tips on language learning and learning specific grammar points.

Suitable for students learning with or without a teacher, Intermediate Spanish, together with Basic Spanish form a structured course in the essentials of Spanish grammar.

This popular approach to learning Hebrew is designed for adults who want to use Hebrew when celebrating Judaism at home and in the synagogue. Students will learn how to pronounce the Hebrew letters and vowels, enabling them to read more than 30 essential Hebrew blessings and prayers. For classroom and individualized instruction.

Should I say "He is taller than I" or "He is taller than me?" Do you spell it "blond" or "blonde"? If you've ever been stopped in your tracks by questions like these, then this book is for you. A complete pocket guide to the ins and outs of everyday English, The Basics of English Usage will tell you all you need to know about such topics as: correct spelling good grammar and style punctuation and how to use it problem words that everyone gets wrong. Including guides to further reading and online resources, The Basics of English Usage is an indispensable survival guide for anyone wanting to improve their writing and communication.

The Chinese Lexicon is a detailed study of the words and word combinations used in modern Chinese. Yip Po-Ching defines the general properties of a language's lexicon, or vocabulary, prior to a thorough discussion of the organizational features of the Chinese lexicon. Comparisons are made between Chinese and English, highlighting the similarities and differences between the two lexicons.

This fascinating work examines the relationships between word and meanings, and demonstrates the ability of language to combine continuity and change. It surpasses the scope of a dictionary and reveals the systematic nature of vocabulary. Features include:

• a wealth of language examples
• clear comparisons between Chinese and English
• Chinese characters and pinyin romanization throughout
• a comprehensive index.

The Chinese Lexicon surpasses the scope of a dictionary and reveals the systematic nature ofvocabulary. It will prove an invaluable resource for all students and teachers of Chinese.

NihonGO NOW! is a beginning-level courseware package that takes a performed-culture approach to learning Japanese. This innovative approach balances the need for an intellectual understanding of structural elements with multiple opportunities to experience the language within its cultural context. From the outset, learners are presented with samples of authentic language that are context-sensitive and culturally coherent. Instructional time is used primarily to rehearse interactions that learners of Japanese are likely to encounter in the future, whether they involve speaking, listening, writing, or reading. Level 1 is comprised of two textbooks with accompanying activity books. These four books in combination with audio files allow instructors to adapt a beginning-level course, such as the first year of college Japanese, to their students' needs. They focus on language and modeled behavior, providing opportunities for learners to acquire language through performance templates. Online resources provide additional support for both students and instructors. Audio files, videos, supplementary exercises, and a teachers' manual are available at www.routledge.com/9781138304147.

In der fast zweihundertjährigen Tradition wissenschaftlicher Dialektforschung spielt die Syntax nur eine marginale Rolle. Das liegt nicht nur an mangelndem Interesse, sondern auch an methodischen Problemen, wie hier am Beispiel der Beiträge zum Niederdeutschen deutlich wird. Dem Forschungsdesiderat begegnet diese Arbeit durch eine Klärung des Forschungsgegenstands Dialektsyntax und die Entwicklung eines syntaktischen Modells, das nicht nur eine adäquate Beschreibung niederdeutscher Dialekte ermöglicht, sondern zugleich eine varietätenübergreifende Syntax der deutschen Gesamtsprache. Erprobt wird dieses Modell an der Analyse eines Korpus von drei niederdeutschen Dialekttexten. Durch die Kontrastierung mit der Standardsprache ergeben sich auch weitergehende Einsichten in deren Syntax.

Dieser Sammelband besteht zum Teil aus den Referaten der Sprachinselsektion der 1. Internationalen Tagung der IGDD, die im Marz 2003 in Marburg an der Lahn stattgefunden hat. Die anderen Beitrage wurden von Forschern aus verschiedenen Sprachinselregionen der Welt beigesteuert. Im Zentrum der Aufsatze stehen soziolinguistische, dialektologische und kontaktlinguistische Entwicklungen, die in deutschen Sprachinseln der Welt am Anfang des 21. Jahrhunderts stattfinden. This collection of papers contains contributions to the language island section of the First International Conference of the International Society for German Dialectology (IGDD), which took place in Marburg an der Lahn, Germany in March 2003. In addition, further contributions are included on research done in language island regions of the world. The focus of the essays is the socio-linguistic, dialectological and contact-linguistic survey of the development of German language islands across the world as registered at the beginning of the 21st century.

A Spanish Grammar Workbook is designed to make the acquisition of the Spanish language a challenging, sensible and enjoyable task. Structured around the main elements of contemporary Spanish grammar, the workbook complements Blackwell's A Comprehensive Spanish Grammar by Jacques de Bruyne (adapted, with additional material by Christopher J. Pountain). Together, the two books form a complete educational package or core text that is suitable for most levels of formal education. In addition, A Spanish Grammar Workbook can be used as an independent learning aid. The 500 grammar exercises vary from simple tests and puzzles to multiple-choice tests and realistic dialogues that contextualize Spanish grammar in everyday speech. In addition, communication exercises, at the end of most chapters, function as prompts to the oral practice of the grammar in representative contexts. By these means, language learners may come to understand grammatical functions naturally by putting theory into practice. The difficulty level of each exercise is indicated and the book includes an extensive answer key. A Spanish Grammar Workbook is a vital resource for helping students attain, maintain and improve their fluency.

Start reading and speaking Arabic Arabic For Dummies helps readers start speaking Modern Standard Arabic in no time. Whether you're a student, traveler, or work in business or government, you'll find this title to be packed with practical lessons, cultural facts, and handy references. Inside, you'll find guidance on basic grammar, as well as the necessary vocabulary to make introductions and greetings, use proper etiquette, make small talk, make transportation arrangements, order food and beverages, ask directions, deal with money, shop, access recreation, and handle an emergency. Features new and revised content Offers a revamped, user-friendly design to both pedagogy and organization Includes expanded coverage of grammar, verb conjugations, and pronunciations Get free access to conversational audio tracks online If you want to start speaking Arabic, this go-to book is packed with practical instruction, cultural facts, and handy references you won't want to be without!

Developing Writing Skills in German, is a unique course designed to improve the reading and writing skills of intermediate students of German. Presenting a wide range of authentic written materials, the book aims to develop reading strategies and the ability to write texts of various types - essays, articles and reviews - while imparting an understanding of important aspects of German society.

From the environment to consumerism, each chapter focuses on a different theme and concentrates on the advancement of particular skills; all the chapters conclude with a task appropriate to the skills focus of the section.

Summary writing, note-taking, the use of mind-maps to collect ideas, and other strategies for successful writing in German are presented here. This course is suitable both for classroom use and independent study, with feedback and answer key supplied at the back of the book.

Medical Arabic is a valuable resource for students interested in learning medical Arabic at ACTFL level Advanced Low. Effective communication is essential in health care, and communication is most effective when both parties share a common language, therefore resulting in a comfortable relationship between health care provider and patient. This textbook is intended for those with prior knowledge of Arabic language and grammar. It is designed to provide students with the linguistic and cultural competencies and medical Arabic terminology necessary to communicate in medical settings such as a hospital, clinic, or a community health care facility. Students will be able to ask questions in Arabic and provide answers in common medical situations, conduct patient interviews, and understand a wider variety of possible responses from patients. The book provides clear explanations of medical vocabulary and concepts as they occur in the reading materials to encourage active interaction with the text. The book's drills are designed as either in-class exercises or homework. The answer key for the book exercises is also provided as a downloadable e-resource. Written by dynamic authors who taught Arabic as a foreign language for several years and reviewed by physicians and professionals in the field, the book is an essential guide for students in medical school, biology, and other science majors. Students will find Medical Arabic more than merely a textbook but rather a pathway to enhance their communication skills effectively.

Motivated college and adult students can read and write Hebrew in just six weeks. Students with no previous Hebrew exposure or those who just need a quick review will learn phonetic Hebrew reading script writing and a basic Hebrew vocabulary of 100 words.

This volume provides an important contribution to the study of vocabulary and its relationship to English for Specific Purposes (ESP) research and teaching. Focussing on quantitative and qualitative approaches, this book draws on a wide range of literature to explores key issues that include: how to identify and categorise specialised vocabulary; and the role and value of word list research in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and ESP. This book features: An analysis of material in a range of different contexts that include secondary school education, pre-university and university-based education, professional and occupational ESP, and the trades. inclusion of many examples of specialised vocabulary from research in Aotearoa/New Zealand and from many other areas in the world. a review of the application of vocabulary research to professional and pedagogical practice suggestions for future directions for research. Written by a leading researcher, Vocabulary and English for Specific Purposes Research provides key reading for those working in this area.

This second edition of Georgian: A Learner's Grammar is a completely revised and updated guide to the fascinating and most widely spoken language of the Caucasus.

Presenting the language in the form of dialogues and reading passages, full attention is given to script reproduction and recognition, pronunciation, lexis and individual points of grammar.

Key features include:

* highlighting of verbal roots throughout
* new and varied exercises for practice of verb forms
* use of the new Georgian currency
* examples of Georgian literature, both poetry and prose, and each with its own self-contained vocabulary * a reference section providing an answer key, a Georgian-English glossary and an index of grammatical terms.

With a varied and extensive range of exercise work, this new edition provides a comprehensive and carefully graded grammar of Georgian that has been successful over a number of years of use in the classroom.

Reading Japan offers the student readings on geopolitics, education, language, Japanese-ness and ethnicity, gender and history, with the dual aims of broadening students' understanding of Japan and of providing opportunities to read authentic Japanese texts. Each chapter contains an essay in English, a selection of readings in Japanese, comprehensive vocabulary lists, discussion questions and a list of sources and additional readings. Pitched at Intermediate to Advanced and B1-C1 level, this reader is not simply a language textbook; it offers students a chance to learn and think in depth about Japan as they build confidence in reading real-world Japanese texts.