The Routledge Introduction to Qur'anic Arabic is an innovative, text-based, language course designed for students interested in acquiring a foundation in Qur'anic and Classical Arabic. Focused on enhancing comprehension and vocabulary acquisition, the book contains 40 lessons designed to be covered in about 40 hours of classroom instruction. Starting with the shorter suras of the Qur'an, such as al-Fatiha and those of the Juz' 'Amma, it utilizes their recurring vocabulary and grammatical structures to build a stable linguistic foundation for learners before moving on to more challenging and longer suras such as Yasin, Maryam and Yusuf. Although the book is primarily designed for classroom use, the vocabulary and structures of the short suras, the accompanying audio recordings, and the activities found throughout the book will also be helpful for independent learners. The only prerequisite is knowledge of the Arabic writing system. The audio material, which is available on the Routledge website, helps learners improve their pronunciation of individual sounds and develop their skills to syllabify Arabic words and phrases correctly in order to approximate that of native speakers. Also available on the website are answer keys to exercises and transcriptions of the audio material. Written by an experienced teacher, The Routledge Introduction to Qur'anic Arabic is an essential guide for instructors, students and anyone interested in developing their knowledge of Qur'anic Arabic.

The Routledge Introduction to Qur'anic Arabic is an innovative, text-based, language course designed for students interested in acquiring a foundation in Qur'anic and Classical Arabic. Focused on enhancing comprehension and vocabulary acquisition, the book contains 40 lessons designed to be covered in about 40 hours of classroom instruction. Starting with the shorter suras of the Qur'an, such as al-Fatiha and those of the Juz' 'Amma, it utilizes their recurring vocabulary and grammatical structures to build a stable linguistic foundation for learners before moving on to more challenging and longer suras such as Yasin, Maryam and Yusuf. Although the book is primarily designed for classroom use, the vocabulary and structures of the short suras, the accompanying audio recordings, and the activities found throughout the book will also be helpful for independent learners. The only prerequisite is knowledge of the Arabic writing system. The audio material, which is available on the Routledge website, helps learners improve their pronunciation of individual sounds and develop their skills to syllabify Arabic words and phrases correctly in order to approximate that of native speakers. Also available on the website are answer keys to exercises and transcriptions of the audio material. Written by an experienced teacher, The Routledge Introduction to Qur'anic Arabic is an essential guide for instructors, students and anyone interested in developing their knowledge of Qur'anic Arabic.

This new edition of the Modern Italian Grammar is an innovative reference guide to Italian, combining traditional and function-based grammar in a single volume. With a strong emphasis on contemporary usage, all grammar points and functions are richly illustrated with examples.

Implementing feedback from users of the first edition, this text includes clearer explanations, as well as a greater emphasis on areas of particular difficulty for learners of Italian. Divided into two sections, the book covers:

• traditional grammatical categories such as word order, nouns, verbs and adjectives
• language functions and notions such as giving and seeking information, describing processes and results, and expressing likes, dislikes and preferences.

This is the ideal reference grammar for learners of Italian at all levels, from beginner to advanced. No prior knowledge of grammatical terminology is needed and a glossary of grammatical terms is provided. This Grammar is complemented by the Modern Italian Grammar Workbook Second Edition which features related exercises and activities.

Unlike other vocabulary guides that require the rote memorization of literally thousands of words, this book starts from the premise that using the etymological connections between Spanish and English words—their common derivations from Latin, Greek, and other languages—is the most effective way to acquire and remember vocabulary. This approach is suitable for beginners as well as for advanced students. Teachers of the language will also find much material that can be used to help motivate their students to acquire, and retain, Spanish vocabulary. Spanish Vocabulary is divided into four parts and four annexes: Part I provides background material on the origins of Spanish and begins the process of presenting Spanish vocabulary. Part II presents "classical" Spanish vocabulary—words whose form (in both Spanish and English) is nearly unchanged from Latin and Greek. Part III deals with "popular" Spanish vocabulary, which underwent significant changes in form (and often meaning) during the evolution from Latin to Spanish. A number of linguistic patterns are identified that will help learners recognize and remember new vocabulary. Part IV treats a wide range of themes, including words of Germanic and Arabic origin, numbers, time, food and animals, the family, the body, and politics. Annex A: Principal exceptions to the "Simplified Gender Rule" Annex B: 700 words whose relations, if any, to English words are not immediately obvious Annex C: -cer verbs and related words Annex D: 4,500 additional words, either individually or in groups, with English correspondences

Fragmentation in Archaeology revolutionises archaeological studies of material culture, by arguing that the deliberate physical fragmentation of objects, and their (often structured) deposition, lies at the core of the archaeology of the Mesolithic, Neolithic and Copper Age of Central and Eastern Europe. John Chapman draws on detailed evidence from the Balkans to explain such phenomena as the mass sherd deposition in pits and the wealth of artefacts found in the Varna cemetery to place the significance of fragmentation within a broad anthropological context.

"Translation is like a reverse-engineering process -- whereby, say, we might take apart a clock made of metal parts in order to build a functioning replica made entirely of plastic. Our final product will not look the same as the original clock, and it would be impossible to simply copy the designs of its inner workings, because plastic and metals have very different properties. For example, we cannot make small plastic springs or very thin gears of plastic. But these changes do not matter; the only thing that matters is that our replica will tell the time correctly." -- From the Introduction The Georgetown Guide to Arabic-English Translation is an essential step-by-step, practical manual for advanced learners of Arabic interested in how to analyze and accurately translate nonfiction Arabic texts ranging from business correspondence to textbooks. Mustafa Mughazy, a respected Arabic linguist, presents an innovative, functional approach that de-emphasizes word-for-word translation. Based on the Optimality Theory, it favors remaining faithful to the communicative function of the source material, even if this means adding explanatory text, reconfiguring sentences, paraphrasing expressions, or omitting words. From how to select a text for translation or maintain tense or idiom, to how to establish translation patterns, The Georgetown Guide to Arabic-English Translation is useful both as a textbook and a reference. An invaluable set of appendices offers shortcuts to translate particularly difficult language like abbreviations, collocations, and common expressions in business correspondence, while authentic annotated texts provide the reader opportunities to practice the strategies presented in the book. A must-read for advanced learners of Arabic, this is a book every scholar and graduate-level student will wish to own.

NEW: The Routledge Intermediate Turkish Reader APP is now available on Google Play: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=uk.co.oxola.turkishreader The Routledge Intermediate Turkish Reader has been specially designed for intermediate and advanced learners of Turkish and comprises a broad selection of graded readings. Written by prominent Turkish academics and journalists, the collection of modern texts presented here have been carefully selected to ensure students receive maximum exposure to current political and cultural issues related to Turkey; from gender, ethnicity, religion and social class through to arts and history. Each reading is fully supported by: an introduction written by an expert in the related field a vocabulary list with English translation and vocabulary in context short grammar explanations of any difficult structures encountered in the text comprehension questions directly text related, language exercises and subject specific questions to generate class-discussion and essay writing in Turkish a key to comprehension questions and language exercises a list of suggested further reading (online support). Suitable for both class use and independent study, The Routledge Intermediate Turkish Reader is an essential tool for increasing language proficiency and enriching the learners' socio-cultural knowledge of Turkey. Companion website available at http://www.senelsymons.co.uk/books/ Introductions in English by: Prof. Dr. E. Fuat Keyman, Koc University, Prof. Dr. UEmit Cizre, Bilkent University, Dr. Can Dundar, journalist, writer, columnist, director, Dr. Martin Stokes, Oxford University, Prof. Dr. Cemil Kocak, Sabanci University, Prof. Dr. Fatih Selami Mahmutoglu, Istanbul University, Prof. Dr. Fatma Goek, Bogazici University, Prof. Dr. Dilek Cindoglu, Bilkent University, Prof. Dr. Yildiz Silier, Bogazici University, Prof. Dr. Aysegul Kibaroglu, Middle East Technical University, Prof. Dr. Oya Pancaroglu, Bogazici University, Prof. Dr. Meliz Ergin, Koc University, Prof. Dr. OEzlem Tur, Middle East Technical University, Prof. Dr. Ayse Uyduranoglu, Bilgi University, Prof. Dr. Zeynep Gambetti, Bogazici University, Prof. Dr. Saime OEzcurumez, Bilkent University, Prof. Dr. Kursad Ertugrul, Middle East Technical University, Dr. Selin Akyuz-Sasmaz, Bilkent University. The articles in Turkish by: Prof. Dr. Murat Belge, Bilgi University, Prof. Dr. Orhan Tekelioglu, Bahcesehir University, Prof. Dr. E. Fuat Keyman, Koc University, Murat Yetkin, journalist, columnist, lecturer, Radikal, Prof. Dr. Turker Alkan, Cankaya University, Prof. Dr. Baskin Oran, Ankara University, Prof. Dr. Hakan Hakeri, Ondokuz Mayis University; Cem Erciyes, journalist, Radikal, Dr. Fikret Bila, journalist, columnist, Milliyet, Prof. Dr. Sahin Alpay, Bahcesehir University, Prof. Dr. Mumtaz'er Turkoene, Gazi University, Prof. Dr. Mahnaz Gumrukcuoglu, Sakarya University, Dr. Ali Bayramoglu, journalist, Yeni Safak, Prof. Dr. Hakki Uyar, Dokuz Eylul University, Ayse Hur, historian, journalist, columnist, Taraf.

What does it mean to argue that communication is organizing? Or ritual? Or failure? What is at stake in choosing one metaphor or stance over another? What is gained and what is lost - for the field, for the theories themselves, and especially for humans communicating in everyday contexts? In Communication as...: Perspectives on Theory, editors Gregory J. Shepherd, Jeffrey St. John, and Ted Striphas bring together a collection of 27 essays that explores the wide range of theorizing about communication, cutting across all lines of traditional division in the field. The essays in this text are written by leading scholars in the field of communication theory, with each scholar employing a particular stance or perspective on what communication theory is and how it functions. In essays that are brief, argumentative, and forceful, the scholars propose their perspective as a primary or essential way of viewing communication with decided benefits over other views. Key Features: Compares and contrasts different metaphorical views on the theory and practice of communication, challenging students to develop their own argument about communication theory Promotes an alternative way of examining communication problems - through the engaged interplay of a diversity of positions - encouraging readers to think through contemporary problems and questions in the field Compels readers to confront competing theoretical positions and their consequences head-on rather than outlining theories in ways that might separate them from their real-world consequences Communication as... is an excellent textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses on communication theory in the fields of Communication, Journalism, Sociology, and Psychology.

NEW: The Routledge Intermediate Turkish Reader APP is now available on Google Play: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=uk.co.oxola.turkishreader The Routledge Intermediate Turkish Reader has been specially designed for intermediate and advanced learners of Turkish and comprises a broad selection of graded readings. Written by prominent Turkish academics and journalists, the collection of modern texts presented here have been carefully selected to ensure students receive maximum exposure to current political and cultural issues related to Turkey; from gender, ethnicity, religion and social class through to arts and history. Each reading is fully supported by: an introduction written by an expert in the related field a vocabulary list with English translation and vocabulary in context short grammar explanations of any difficult structures encountered in the text comprehension questions directly text related, language exercises and subject specific questions to generate class-discussion and essay writing in Turkish a key to comprehension questions and language exercises a list of suggested further reading (online support). Suitable for both class use and independent study, The Routledge Intermediate Turkish Reader is an essential tool for increasing language proficiency and enriching the learners' socio-cultural knowledge of Turkey. Companion website available at http://www.senelsymons.co.uk/books/ Introductions in English by: Prof. Dr. E. Fuat Keyman, Koc University, Prof. Dr. UEmit Cizre, Bilkent University, Dr. Can Dundar, journalist, writer, columnist, director, Dr. Martin Stokes, Oxford University, Prof. Dr. Cemil Kocak, Sabanci University, Prof. Dr. Fatih Selami Mahmutoglu, Istanbul University, Prof. Dr. Fatma Goek, Bogazici University, Prof. Dr. Dilek Cindoglu, Bilkent University, Prof. Dr. Yildiz Silier, Bogazici University, Prof. Dr. Aysegul Kibaroglu, Middle East Technical University, Prof. Dr. Oya Pancaroglu, Bogazici University, Prof. Dr. Meliz Ergin, Koc University, Prof. Dr. OEzlem Tur, Middle East Technical University, Prof. Dr. Ayse Uyduranoglu, Bilgi University, Prof. Dr. Zeynep Gambetti, Bogazici University, Prof. Dr. Saime OEzcurumez, Bilkent University, Prof. Dr. Kursad Ertugrul, Middle East Technical University, Dr. Selin Akyuz-Sasmaz, Bilkent University. The articles in Turkish by: Prof. Dr. Murat Belge, Bilgi University, Prof. Dr. Orhan Tekelioglu, Bahcesehir University, Prof. Dr. E. Fuat Keyman, Koc University, Murat Yetkin, journalist, columnist, lecturer, Radikal, Prof. Dr. Turker Alkan, Cankaya University, Prof. Dr. Baskin Oran, Ankara University, Prof. Dr. Hakan Hakeri, Ondokuz Mayis University; Cem Erciyes, journalist, Radikal, Dr. Fikret Bila, journalist, columnist, Milliyet, Prof. Dr. Sahin Alpay, Bahcesehir University, Prof. Dr. Mumtaz'er Turkoene, Gazi University, Prof. Dr. Mahnaz Gumrukcuoglu, Sakarya University, Dr. Ali Bayramoglu, journalist, Yeni Safak, Prof. Dr. Hakki Uyar, Dokuz Eylul University, Ayse Hur, historian, journalist, columnist, Taraf.

Transform your down time into 'do time'.

The most successful language learners create a habit of studying on a regular basis. 50 Swedish Coffee Breaks makes it easy to master a simple routine of improving your Swedish by effortlessly integrating it with your calming daily ritual - from a 5-minute espresso to a 15-minute latte.

Organized by 5, 10 and 15 minutes, these 50 varied and lively activities - from anagrams and idiom challenges to recipes and quotations - are created for high-beginner to intermediate adult and young-adult learners and designed to keep you motivated while building your skills in key areas.

• Reading comprehension
• Writing skills
• Grammar confidence
• Translation abilities
• Vocabulary expansion
• Cultural awareness

By practicing Swedish in a fun and relaxed way in the time you have, you will stay on track to achieve your language-learning aspirations. So, pick up your preferred brew and this practical book, and make learning the most pleasant and productive part of your busy day.

For 15 years Coffee Break Languages has helped make it possible for millions of people to learn a language in a way that fits into their everyday life: whether that's while walking the dog, at the gym, or on their coffee break!

Teach Yourself has collaborated with Coffee Break Languages to bring their brilliant method to a wider audience by producing their first-ever printed product. All the activities are written by long-time teachers of the language in Coffee Break's characteristically friendly and conversational style. It's the perfect complement to your studies.

The activities are levelled for high-beginner to low-intermediate learners: CEFR A2-B1 and ACTFL Intermediate-low/mid level learners.

Basic Welsh: A Grammar and Workbook comprises an accessible grammar handbook and related exercises in a single volume. The book presents forty grammar units, covering the core materials which beginning students would expect to encounter in the course of learning Welsh. User-friendly grammar points are followed by multiple examples and exercises which allow students to reinforce and consolidate their learning. Key features include: Clear, accessible format Many relevant and useful examples A wide range of challenging exercises to reinforce learning Concise and jargon-free explanations of grammar Full answer key, glossary of technical terms and Welsh-English, English-Welsh glossary at the back of the book Revised throughout, this updated second edition of Basic Welsh provides the ideal practice book for all beginning students in the language. It is suitable for both class use and independent study.

Latvian: An Essential Grammar is a concise, user-friendly guide to the basic grammatical structures of Latvian. Presenting a fresh and accessible description of the language, this engaging grammar uses clear, jargon-free explanations to set out the complexities of Latvian in short, readable sections. Key features include: clear grammar explanations frequent use of authentic examples glossary of grammatical terms pronunciation guide, bibliography and subject index This is the ideal reference source both for those studying Latvian independently and for students in schools, colleges, universities and adult classes of all types to back up their studies.

IB Prepared resources are developed directly with the IB to provide the most up-to-date, authentic and authoritative guidance on DP assessment. IB Prepared: French B provides strategic guidance, authentic sample material and exam-style practice opportunities, allowing learners to consolidate the skills that are essential to success.

Polish: An Essential Grammar is a user-friendly guide to all the important structures of this fascinating language. Presenting a fresh and accessible description of the language, this engaging grammar uses clear, jargon-free explanations and sets out the complexities of Polish in short, readable sections. Key features include: a new chapter on studying an inflected language, including detailed analysis of a typical text comprehensive descriptions of the parts of speech covered information presented clearly and logically in table form a wealth of real-life examples nine clearly-presented appendices. This grammar is an invaluable asset to anyone wishing to master the Polish language as it is spoken today. Two companion books, Basic Polish: A Grammar and Workbook and Intermediate Polish: A Grammar and Workbook, provide more detailed practice in the language.

Intended for the general student of the Indonesian language and the professional linguist, this short descriptive grammar is a useful guide as a well as a point of departure for more intensive study.

Intermediate Japanese is designed for learners who have achieved a basic proficiency and wish to progress to more complex language. Each unit combines clear, concise grammar explanations with examples and exercises to help build confidence and fluency.

The book is divided into two parts. Part One outlines fundamental components of Japanese including particles, question words, verb types and tense while Part Two builds on this foundation by introducing grammatical patterns organised by the task they achieve.

Features include:

• clear, accessible format
• jargon-free explanations of grammar
• many useful and culturally relevant examples
• abundant exercises with full answer key
• detailed index of grammar patterns.

Intermediate Japanese reviews the principal elements presented in its sister volume, Basic Japanese, and introduces more complicated structures. Suitable for both classroom use and the independent learner, the two books form a compendium of the essentials of Japanese grammar.

Intermediate Japanese is designed for learners who have achieved a basic proficiency and wish to progress to more complex language. Each unit combines clear, concise grammar explanations with examples and exercises to help build confidence and fluency.

The book is divided into two parts. Part One outlines fundamental components of Japanese including particles, question words, verb types and tense while Part Two builds on this foundation by introducing grammatical patterns organised by the task they achieve.

Features include:

• clear, accessible format
• jargon-free explanations of grammar
• many useful and culturally relevant examples
• abundant exercises with full answer key
• detailed index of grammar patterns.

Intermediate Japanese reviews the principal elements presented in its sister volume, Basic Japanese, and introduces more complicated structures. Suitable for both classroom use and the independent learner, the two books form a compendium of the essentials of Japanese grammar.

Greek: A Comprehensive Grammar of the Modern Language has become firmly established as the leading reference guide to modern Greek grammar. With its detailed treatment of all grammatical structures, its analysis of the complexities of the language and its particular attention to areas of confusion and difficulty, it is the first truly comprehensive grammar of the language to be produced. It provides a study of the real patterns of use in contemporary Greek

This second edition continues to focus on the Greek spoken and written by native speakers today. Taking account of recent changes to the Greek language, this new edition features:

• Significantly expanded material on many areas, including syntax and phonology
• A new chapter on derivational morphology and other word formation processes including compounding and acronym formation
• Examples drawn from everyday spoken usage as well as official, journalistic and online discourse, such as newspapers, blogs and discussion groups
• A significantly expanded index of English terms and Greek words and a revised glossary of terms

The Grammar will be an essential reference source for the adult learner and user of Greek. It is ideal for independent study and for use in schools, colleges, universities and adult classes, up to an advanced level.

This first-year Vietnamese language textbook introduces college students to all aspects of the Vietnamese language and culture in twelve comprehensive chapters. Each chapter begins with a list of active vocabulary used for the selected topic, followed by dialogue and grammar utilized in everyday situations by native speakers. A Vietnamese proverb reflecting each chapter s topic reveals a different cultural component of Vietnam. Students can practice what they ve learned with exercises at the end of each chapter. The book is enhanced with an answer key to the exercises, grammar indices, and full vocabulary lists.

Polish: A Comprehensive Grammar is a complete reference guide to the grammar system for intermediate to advanced learners of Polish. It presents an accessible and systematic description of the language, focusing on real patterns of use in contemporary Polish.

The Grammar is a comprehensive work and an invaluable resource for students and anyone interested in linguistics and the way modern Polish works.

Features include:

coverage of all parts of speech

full cross referencing

well selected and illuminating examples.

The book is organised in such a way to promote a thorough understanding of Polish at all levels of structure; the sound system, formation of word and phrases and sentence construction. It offers a stimulating analysis of the complexities of the language, providing clear explanations and examples of each point.

Polish: A Comprehensive Grammar is the essential reference work on Polish grammar for all learners and users of the language.