A handy cheat sheet of key Korean grammar points in an at-a-glance, easy-to-carry format! The Korean Grammar Language Study Card is the perfect resource for reviewing the main grammar points that frequently appear in the TOPIK test. The compact, portable format is invaluable for anyone wanting to quickly review or expand their knowledge of everyday Korean sentence and verb forms. This study card includes: Overview of basic sentence structure Key verb forms How to use sentence particles correctly How to make questions How to use connecting words The grammar points are clearly organized into color-coded sections. Each section has a concise explanation in English followed by examples given in Korean script and romanized Korean with English translation. Free online audio recordings by native speakers provide clear and accurate pronunciations for all the Korean words and sentences, and a Korean alphabet chart is also included! Designed for convenience, this study card is: Laminated: to hold up over time and avoid being ruined by coffee spills 3 hole punched: giving the option to put it in a binder 8.5x11 inches: to easily fit into a folder or notebook alongside other study materials

Understanding Indonesian Grammar is a reference and workbook designed primarily for intermediate and advanced students in senior years of high school and at university. It provides a clear, non-technical description of the important structures in the language, together with practical exercises. It can be used with any Indonesian language course. * Units are largely self-contained, enabling teachers to select topics in any order, depending on the structure of their course and the needs of their students. * The various aspects of each topic are discussed one at a time and tested in exercises so that the learner is guided step by step to an in-depth understanding of the topic. * Contains descriptions of many frequently occurring affixes and structures which are not dealt with in existing course materials. * Clear explanations and answers to all exercises enable learners to use the book without a teacher. * Notes throughout the book provide additional information on unusual or irregular features of grammar. * All grammatical terms used are defined in an extensive glossary. The comprehensiveness and flexibility of Understanding Indonesian Grammar make it an indispensable resource for students and teachers of Indonesian. James Neil Sneddon PhD is an associate professor in the School of Languages at Griffith University, with long experience teaching Indonesian language and linguistics. He is the author of Indonesian Reference Grammar (1996).

NihonGO NOW! Level 2 is an intermediate level courseware package that takes a performed-culture approach to learning Japanese. This approach balances the need for an intellectual understanding of structural elements with multiple opportunities to experience the language within its cultural context. From the outset, learners are presented with samples of authentic language that are context-sensitive and culturally coherent. Instructional time is used primarily to rehearse interactions that learners of Japanese are likely to encounter in the future, whether they involve speaking, listening, writing, or reading. Level 2 comprises two textbooks with accompanying activity books. These four books in combination with audio files allow instructors to adapt an intermediate level course, such as the second or third year of college Japanese, to their students' needs. They focus on language and modeled behavior, providing opportunities for learners to acquire language through performance templates. Online resources provide additional support for both students and instructors. Audio files, videos, supplementary exercises, and a teachers' manual are available at www.routledge.com/9781138305304.

NihonGO NOW! Level 2 is an intermediate level courseware package that takes a performed-culture approach to learning Japanese. This approach balances the need for an intellectual understanding of structural elements with multiple opportunities to experience the language within its cultural context. From the outset, learners are presented with samples of authentic language that are context-sensitive and culturally coherent. Instructional time is used primarily to rehearse interactions that learners of Japanese are likely to encounter in the future, whether they involve speaking, listening, writing, or reading. Level 2 comprises two textbooks with accompanying activity books. These four books in combination with audio files allow instructors to adapt an intermediate level course, such as the second or third year of college Japanese, to their students' needs. They focus on language and modeled behavior, providing opportunities for learners to acquire language through performance templates. Online resources provide additional support for both students and instructors. Audio files, videos, supplementary exercises, and a teachers' manual are available at www.routledge.com/9781138305304.

NihonGO NOW! Level 2 is an intermediate level courseware package that takes a performed-culture approach to learning Japanese. This approach balances the need for an intellectual understanding of structural elements with multiple opportunities to experience the language within its cultural context. From the outset, learners are presented with samples of authentic language that are context-sensitive and culturally coherent. Instructional time is used primarily to rehearse interactions that learners of Japanese are likely to encounter in the future, whether they involve speaking, listening, writing, or reading. Level 2 comprises two textbooks with accompanying activity books. These four books in combination with audio files allow instructors to adapt an intermediate level course, such as the second or third year of college Japanese, to their students' needs. They focus on language and modeled behavior, providing opportunities for learners to acquire language through performance templates. Online resources provide additional support for both students and instructors. Audio files, videos, supplementary exercises, and a teachers' manual are available at www.routledge.com/9781138305304.

How can English language teachers contribute to peace locally and globally?

English language teachers and learners are located in the global civil society an international network of civil organizations and NGOs related to human rights, the environment, and sustainable peace. English, with its special role as an international language, is a major tool for communication within this network.

On the local level, many teachers are interested in promoting reconciliation and sustainable peace, but often do not know how to do so. This book provides information, analysis, and techniques to help teachers around the world take action toward this goal. Balancing, in a readable and accessible way, the global and the local, core and periphery, cultural diffusion and resistance, theory and practice, pessimism and optimism, outsider and insider perspectives, the expert role and the apprentice role, and prescriptive and elicitive methods, it offers an alternative to literature about critical applied linguistics, globalization, and peace education that is simply too complex and wordy to spread easily from theoretician to the classroom teacher.

The English Teacher in Global Civil Society

• synthesizes threads from many fields and topics into a coherent and empowering argument for the activist role English language teachers can take to promote social change
• draws on humanistic education, peace education, cross-cultural understanding, problem-posing, cooperative learning, and critical thinking methodologies to help English language teachers learn how to teach conflict resolution skills in their classrooms
• covers issues in critical applied linguistics, approaches and methodologies in ESL/EFL, global and local curricular issues, and specific skill areas such reading, writing, and speaking
• suggests a new goal for English language teachers: global citizenship.

This engaging, informative, provocative, and highly readable book is a welcome resource for English language teacher trainers, pre-service teachers, practicing classroom teachers, and Peace Corps workers around the world.

Learn French step-by-step and soon you'll be making leaps and bounds Your quickest route to learning French is through a solid grounding in grammar basics. Now don't be put off by the "G-word." What you won't find in this book is a lot of repetitive drills. Instead, you get an original, step-by-step approach to learning French based on the way people naturally acquire language. From the very beginning, you are introduced to the most essential structures--allowing you to communicate in French almost immediately. Gradually, through a series of interconnected "steps," you logically progress to more common concepts that govern how French is spoken and written. And along the way you are introduced to hundreds of carefully selected verbs and vocabulary words presented on the basis of how often they are used in everyday French. Guaranteed to get you quickly up and running with the knowledge and skills you need to communicate in French with confidence, Easy French Step-by-Step features: A unique "building-block" approach to mastering essential grammar, verbs, and vocabulary Down-to-earth explanations of important rules and concepts Hundreds of frequently used verbs and key terms a beginner should know Exercises to test what you've learned and measure progress Engaging readings that help you hone your skills in everyday contexts

"Tajiki Reference Grammar for Beginners" features straightforward explanations of Tajiki grammar and pronunciation along with examples of the concepts.

This handy reference grammar is designed for beginning-level language students and, although keyed to both volumes of "Tajiki: An Elementary Textbook" and a natural resource for students using those textbooks, it is also useful to scholars and students of Central Asian languages and linguistics who wish to learn more about Tajiki.

Should I say "He is taller than I" or "He is taller than me?" Do you spell it "blond" or "blonde"? If you've ever been stopped in your tracks by questions like these, then this book is for you. A complete pocket guide to the ins and outs of everyday English, The Basics of English Usage will tell you all you need to know about such topics as: correct spelling good grammar and style punctuation and how to use it problem words that everyone gets wrong. Including guides to further reading and online resources, The Basics of English Usage is an indispensable survival guide for anyone wanting to improve their writing and communication.

NihonGO NOW! is a beginning-level courseware package that takes a performed-culture approach to learning Japanese. This innovative approach balances the need for an intellectual understanding of structural elements with multiple opportunities to experience the language within its cultural context. From the outset, learners are presented with samples of authentic language that are context-sensitive and culturally coherent. Instructional time is used primarily to rehearse interactions that learners of Japanese are likely to encounter in the future, whether they involve speaking, listening, writing, or reading. Level 1 is comprised of two textbooks with accompanying activity books. These four books in combination with audio files allow instructors to adapt a beginning-level course, such as the first year of college Japanese, to their students' needs. They focus on language and modeled behavior, providing opportunities for learners to acquire language through performance templates. Online resources provide additional support for both students and instructors. Audio files, videos, supplementary exercises, and a teachers' manual are available at www.routledge.com/9781138304147.

Hungarian: An Essential Grammar is a concise, user-friendly guide to the most important structures of this fascinating language.

All students of Hungarian, whether beginners or at intermediate and advanced levels, will welcome its clarity of presentation and jargon-free explanations. It is ideal for those studying independently or following a taught course.

Topics include:

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• verbal prefixes
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• aspect and tense
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• word-formation mechanisms
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• vowel harmony
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• the case system and its uses
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• word order
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• appendices include the formation of irregular verbs, complete noun declensions and irregular noun patterns

With numerous language examples bringing grammar to life, this truly essential reference work will prove invaluable to all students looking to master the patterns and irregularities of modern Hungarian.

Linguistic complexity is one of the currently most hotly debated notions in linguistics. The essays in this volume reflect the intricacies of thinking about the complexity of languages and language varieties (here: of English) in three major contact-related fields of (and schools in) linguistics: creolistics, indigenization and nativization studies (i.e. in the realm of English linguistics, the "World Englishes" community), and Second Language Acquisition (SLA) research: How can we adequately assess linguistic complexity? Should we be interested in absolute complexity or rather relative complexity? What is the extent to which language contact and/or (adult) language learning might lead to morphosyntactic simplification? The authors in this volume are all leading linguists in different areas of specialization, and they were asked to elaborate on those facets of linguistic complexity which are most relevant in their area of specialization, and/or which strike them as being most intriguing. The result is a collection of papers that is unique in bringing together leading representatives of three often disjunct fields of linguistic scholarship in which linguistic complexity is seen as a dynamic and inherently variable parameter.

Modern Russian Grammar: A Practical Guide is an innovative reference guide to Russian, combining traditional and function-based grammar in a single volume.

The Grammar is divided into two parts. Part A covers traditional grammatical categories such as agreement, nouns, verbs and adjectives. Part B is carefully organized around language functions covering all major communication situations.

With a strong emphasis on contemporary usage, all grammar points and functions are richly illustrated with examples. Main features of the Grammar include:

• clear explanations
• emphasis on areas of particular difficulty for learners of Russian, such as numerals and verbs of motion
• extensive cross-referencing between the different sections.

This is the ideal reference grammar for learners of Russian at all levels, from beginner to advanced. No prior knowledge of grammatical terminology is assumed and a glossary of grammatical terms is provided.

"Lasting Change in Foreign Language Education" presents a historical account of foreign language in general education. The author examines the struggle of this subject discipline to align with the changing mission of secondary education as it emerged as the predominant institution enrolling students in the study of second languages. This 100-year history suggests trends persistent across major periods of reform to explain current problems in the expansion of learning opportunities in foreign language. Included is a complete database of education statistics on foreign language education and national and state education law from 1899 to the present. Analysis of this data is presented in multiple formats to describe the historical capacity of the education system to achieve reform. A review of contemporary standards-based education initiatives in states and school districts similarly serves to reflect how historical trends continue to restrict change. Concise policy implications are suggested as a means to address historical precedence and the greater mission of general education in the development of education policy and its transformation into practice.

Policy development must include a greater understanding of the historical development of foreign language in general education. This vital link has been lacking in the past century as foreign language has struggled to realign itself with the changing mission of general education. For example, there are distinct curricular differences between a general education for all students and one for leadership and higher education. Only the latter makes room for solid foreign language education. In addition, the study of foreign language has remained primarily a beginning-level endeavor for the majority of students over the past century. This trend results in significant pressure on the beginning level curriculum, particularly during periods of reform, to provide multiple academic outcomes in education.

Modern Russian Grammar: A Practical Guide is an innovative reference guide to Russian, combining traditional and function-based grammar in a single volume. The Grammar is divided into two parts. Part A covers traditional grammatical categories such as agreement, nouns, verbs and adjectives. Part B is carefully organized around language functions covering all major communication situations. With a strong emphasis on contemporary usage, all grammar points and functions are richly illustrated with examples. Main features of the Grammar include: clear explanations emphasis on areas of particular difficulty for learners of Russian, such as numerals and verbs of motion extensive cross-referencing between the different sections. This is the ideal reference grammar for learners of Russian at all levels, from beginner to advanced. No prior knowledge of grammatical terminology is assumed and a glossary of grammatical terms is provided.

Exam board: International Baccalaureate Level: IB Diploma Subject: Spanish First teaching: September 2018 First exams: Summer 2020 Develop competent communicators who can demonstrate a sound conceptual understanding of the language with a flexible course that ensures thorough coverage of the updated Spanish B Guide and is designed to meet the needs of all IB students at Standard and Higher Level. - Empower students to communicate confidently by exploring the five prescribed themes through authentic texts and skills practice at the right level, delivered in clear learning pathways. - Ensure students are able to produce coherent written texts and deliver proficient presentations with grammar and vocabulary introduced in context and in relation to appropriate spoken and written registers. - Improve receptive skills with authentic written texts, audio recordings spoken at a natural pace, and carefully crafted reading and listening tasks. - Promote global citizenship, intercultural understanding and an appreciation of Hispanic cultures through a wide range of text types and cultural material from around the world. - Deliver effective practice with a range of structured tasks within each unit that build reading, listening, speaking and writing skills. - Establish meaningful links to TOK and CAS, and identify learner profile attributes in action. The audio for the Student Book is FREE to download from www.hoddereducation.com/ibextras

En Activo is a contemporary course which provides students with a structured development of written and spoken business language skills, focusing on real business people and situations from all over the Spanish-speaking world. The book consists of twenty chapters that incorporate contextual information on the business environment of Spain and Latin America, role-plays, illustrative dialogues, dedicated written exercises, relevant grammar instruction, practical communicative exercises, up-to-date practical advice, model items of written and spoken business protocol, and links to numerous carefully-selected and integrated websites. Each chapter is structured as follows: -Le Presento a...: introduction of the central individual and their working life -Escuche, por favor: extensive listening exercises and accompanying activities -Recuerde que...: grammar revision and communicative exercises -Para saber mas: deepens knowledge about Spanish and Latin-American business culture and etiquette -Asi se hace: hands-on section practising business situations and day-to-day tasks -?Sabe navegar?: practices web research and web etiquette. Each fifth chapter is a revision chapter, which puts the acquired knowledge in practice via discussion groups, presentations and debates. An audio CD containing all interviews and listening comprehension exercises is available separately. At the end of this course the student will have a sound knowledge of the Spanish speaking business world and the language skills required to put this knowledge in practice.

This dictionary is written for three audiences: first, native speakers of Ojibwa, Chippewa, and Ottawa who would like to have a consistent way to write their language, especially those who are engaged in teaching their language to others; second, students of the Ojibwa, Chippewa, and Ottawa language who need a reference work they can turn to; and finally, the scholarly world in general, particularly Algonquianists and linguists.

Je me souviens invites post-intermediate students of French to improve their language skills while exploring the complex history and culture of Quebec. Drawing on cultural products from the earliest days of exploration to the present day, Elizabeth Blood and J.Vincent H. Morrissette curate an array of texts that sample Quebecois literature, popular culture, art, music, and politics and frame the texts with pre-reading and post-reading activities, cultural notes, and historical overview sections. The interdisciplinary approach challenges students to improve their French language skills while learning about Quebec. Thematically organized writings delve into issues central to understanding the many facets of contemporary Quebecois identity, while prompts direct students to search for a range of materials online. Je me souviens is an essential resource for students interested in understanding the francophone world.

By arranging frequently used characters under the phonetic element they have in common, rather than only under their radical, the Dictionary encourages the student to link characters according to their phonetic. The system of cross-referencing then allows the student to find easily all the characters in the dictionary which have the same phonetic element, thus helping to fix in the memory the link between a character and its sound and meaning.

This innovative resource will be an excellent study-aid for students with a basic grasp of Chinese, whether they are studying with a teacher or learning on their own.