Russian Translation: Theory and Practice is a comprehensive practical course in translation for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of Russian. The course aims to provide intensive exposure with a view to mastering translation from Russian into English while carefully analyzing the specific problems that arise in the translation process.

Offering over 75 practical translation exercises and texts analyzed in detail to illustrate the stage-by-stage presentation of the method, Russian Translation addresses translation issues such as cultural differences, genre and translation goals. The book features material taken from a wide range of sources, including:

• journalistic
• medical
• scholarly
• legal
• economic
• popular culture ? literature (prose and poetry), media, internet, humour, music.

Central grammatical and lexical topics that will be addressed across the volume through the source texts and target texts include: declensional and agreement gender; case usage; impersonal constructions; verbal aspect; verbal government; word order; Russian word formation, especially prefixation and suffixation; collocations and proverbs; and abbreviations.

Russian Translation: Theory and Practice is essential reading for all students seriously interested in improving their translation skills.

A Tutor's Handbook for this course, giving guidance on teaching methods and assessment, as well as specimen answers, is available in PDF format from our website at http: //www.routledge.com/books/Russian-Translation-isbn9780415473477.

Edna Andrews is Professor of Linguistics and Cultural Anthropology, Director of the Center for Slavic, Eurasian and East European Studies at Duke University, USA.

Elena Maksimova is Associate Professor of the Practice in the Department of Slavic and Eurasian Studies at Duke University, USA.

Russian Translation: Theory and Practice is a comprehensive practical course in translation for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of Russian. The course aims to provide intensive exposure with a view to mastering translation from Russian into English while carefully analyzing the specific problems that arise in the translation process.

Offering over 75 practical translation exercises and texts analyzed in detail to illustrate the stage-by-stage presentation of the method, Russian Translation addresses translation issues such as cultural differences, genre and translation goals. The book features material taken from a wide range of sources, including:

• journalistic
• medical
• scholarly
• legal
• economic
• popular culture literature (prose and poetry), media, internet, humour, music.

Central grammatical and lexical topics that will be addressed across the volume through the source texts and target texts include: declensional and agreement gender; case usage; impersonal constructions; verbal aspect; verbal government; word order; Russian word formation, especially prefixation and suffixation; collocations and proverbs; and abbreviations.

Russian Translation: Theory and Practice is essential reading for all students seriously interested in improving their translation skills.

A Tutor s Handbook for this course, giving guidance on teaching methods and assessment, as well as specimen answers, is available in PDF format from our website at http: //www.routledge.com/books/Russian-Translation-isbn9780415473477.

Edna Andrews is Professor of Linguistics and Cultural Anthropology, Director of the Center for Slavic, Eurasian and East European Studies at Duke University, USA.

Elena Maksimova is Associate Professor of the Practice in the Department of Slavic and Eurasian Studies at Duke University, USA.

Korean: An Essential Grammar is a concise and convenient guide to the basic grammatical structure of standard Korean. Presenting a fresh and accessible description of the language, this engaging Grammar uses clear, jargon-free explanations and sets out the complexities of Korean in short, readable sections. Key features include: clear explanations of grammatical terms frequent use of authentic examples the Korean alphabet used alongside McCune-Reischauer romanization system a full glossary of explanations.

Intermediate Chinese is the ideal reference and practice book for students with some knowledge of the language. Each of the 25 units deals with a particular grammatical point and provides associated exercises. Features include:

• clear, accessible format
• many useful language examples
• jargon-free grammar explanations
• sample drills and exercises with full answer key.

All Chinese entries are presented in both pinyin romanisation and Chinese characters, and are accompanied, in most cases, by English translations to facilitate self-tuition in both the spoken and the written language. This new edition also includes a glossary of vocabulary and aglossary of grammatical terms.

Intermediate Chinese reviews the principal elements presented in its sister volume, Basic Chinese, and introduces more complicated structures. The two books form a compendium of the essentials of Chinese grammar.

The new edition of this comprehensive course in Spanish-English translation offers advanced students of Spanish a challenging yet practical approach to the acquisition of translation skills, with clear explanations of the theoretical issues involved.

A variety of translation issues are addressed, including:

• cultural differences
• register and dialect
• grammatical differences
• genre.

With a sharper focus, clearer definitions and an increased emphasis on up-to-date ?real world? translation tasks, this second edition features a wealth of relevant illustrative material taken from a wide range of sources, both Latin American and Spanish, including:

• technical, scientific and legal texts
• journalistic and informative texts
• literary and dramatic texts.

Each chapter includes suggestions for classroom discussion and a set of practical exercises designed to explore issues and consolidate skills. Model translations, notes and suggestions for teaching and assessment are provided in a Teachers? Handbook available as a pdf upon request from [email protected].

Thinking Spanish Translation is essential reading for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of Spanish and translation studies. The book will also appeal to a wide range of language students and tutors through the general discussion of the principles and purposes of translation.

How can English language teachers contribute to peace locally and globally?

English language teachers and learners are located in the global civil society an international network of civil organizations and NGOs related to human rights, the environment, and sustainable peace. English, with its special role as an international language, is a major tool for communication within this network.

On the local level, many teachers are interested in promoting reconciliation and sustainable peace, but often do not know how to do so. This book provides information, analysis, and techniques to help teachers around the world take action toward this goal. Balancing, in a readable and accessible way, the global and the local, core and periphery, cultural diffusion and resistance, theory and practice, pessimism and optimism, outsider and insider perspectives, the expert role and the apprentice role, and prescriptive and elicitive methods, it offers an alternative to literature about critical applied linguistics, globalization, and peace education that is simply too complex and wordy to spread easily from theoretician to the classroom teacher.

The English Teacher in Global Civil Society

• synthesizes threads from many fields and topics into a coherent and empowering argument for the activist role English language teachers can take to promote social change
• draws on humanistic education, peace education, cross-cultural understanding, problem-posing, cooperative learning, and critical thinking methodologies to help English language teachers learn how to teach conflict resolution skills in their classrooms
• covers issues in critical applied linguistics, approaches and methodologies in ESL/EFL, global and local curricular issues, and specific skill areas such reading, writing, and speaking
• suggests a new goal for English language teachers: global citizenship.

This engaging, informative, provocative, and highly readable book is a welcome resource for English language teacher trainers, pre-service teachers, practicing classroom teachers, and Peace Corps workers around the world.

Gagana Samoa is a modern Samoan language resource. Designed for both classroom and personal use, it features a methodical approach suitable for all ages; an emphasis on patterns of speech and communication through practice and examples; 10 practical dialogues covering everyday social situations; an introduction to the wider culture of fa`asamoa through photographs; more than 150 exercises to reinforce comprehension; a glossary of all Samoan words used in the coursebook; oral skills supplemented with audio files available on a separate CD or for download or streaming on the web:

Mano a Mano: Portugues para Falantes de Espanhol vem preencher uma importante lacuna no mercado editorial: a carencia de livros didaticos que, considerando as necessidades especificas de falantes de espanhol, favorecam um desenvolvimento mais rapido de sua proficiencia em portugues. A colecao reune uma serie de caracteristicas favoraveis a aprendizagem do portugues em diferentes contextos (ensino medio, universidades, cursos livres): Convida o(a) aluno(a) a desenvolver sua proficiencia em portugues ao mesmo tempo que forma uma imagem multifacetada do Brasil, em dialogo com suas proprias construcoes culturais, desconstruindo discursos estabilizados e ampliando seus horizontes; Favorece o transito por multiplas praticas de letramento, em que circulam diferentes generos discursivos, oferecendo oportunidades para que o(a) estudante aprimore suas capacidades de linguagem em contextos reais, ou proximos a situacoes autenticas de interacao; Sensibiliza o(a) aluno(a) para diferentes variedades da lingua portuguesa; Permite ao(a) estudante desenvolver suas capacidades lexico-gramaticais e fonetico-fonologicas de maneira reflexiva e contextualizada, levando em consideracao necessidades especificas de falantes de espanhol; Propoe tarefas semelhantes as encontradas no Certificado de Proficiencia em Lingua Portuguesa para Estrangeiros (Celpe-Bras), do Ministerio da Educacao brasileiro; E acompanhado por dois cadernos complementares integrados, com explicacoes detalhadas referentes a recursos lexico-gramaticais e fonetico-fonologicos, alem de uma serie de atividades; Disponibiliza online os videos e audios de tarefas de compreensao oral e de atividades de pronuncia. Preparado para o desenvolvimento de um curso de ate 60 horas em contexto de imersao, ou 90 horas de nao-imersao, Mano a Mano, Volume 1 - Basico permite levar falantes de espanhol (como lingua materna ou estrangeira/adicional) que nunca tiveram contato significativo previo com o portugues ate o inicio do nivel Intermediario do Celpe-Bras, do B1 do Quadro Europeu Comum de Referencia para as Linguas, ou do Intermediario Medio do American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages.

Modern Russian Grammar: A Practical Guide is an innovative reference guide to Russian, combining traditional and function-based grammar in a single volume.

The Grammar is divided into two parts. Part A covers traditional grammatical categories such as agreement, nouns, verbs and adjectives. Part B is carefully organized around language functions covering all major communication situations.

With a strong emphasis on contemporary usage, all grammar points and functions are richly illustrated with examples. Main features of the Grammar include:

• clear explanations
• emphasis on areas of particular difficulty for learners of Russian, such as numerals and verbs of motion
• extensive cross-referencing between the different sections.

This is the ideal reference grammar for learners of Russian at all levels, from beginner to advanced. No prior knowledge of grammatical terminology is assumed and a glossary of grammatical terms is provided.

Hungarian: An Essential Grammar is a concise, user-friendly guide to the most important structures of this fascinating language.

All students of Hungarian, whether beginners or at intermediate and advanced levels, will welcome its clarity of presentation and jargon-free explanations. It is ideal for those studying independently or following a taught course.

Topics include:

• 
  
• verbal prefixes
• 
  
• aspect and tense
• 
  
• word-formation mechanisms
• 
  
• vowel harmony
• 
  
• the case system and its uses
• 
  
• word order
• 
  
• appendices include the formation of irregular verbs, complete noun declensions and irregular noun patterns

With numerous language examples bringing grammar to life, this truly essential reference work will prove invaluable to all students looking to master the patterns and irregularities of modern Hungarian.

Modern Russian Grammar: A Practical Guide is an innovative reference guide to Russian, combining traditional and function-based grammar in a single volume. The Grammar is divided into two parts. Part A covers traditional grammatical categories such as agreement, nouns, verbs and adjectives. Part B is carefully organized around language functions covering all major communication situations. With a strong emphasis on contemporary usage, all grammar points and functions are richly illustrated with examples. Main features of the Grammar include: clear explanations emphasis on areas of particular difficulty for learners of Russian, such as numerals and verbs of motion extensive cross-referencing between the different sections. This is the ideal reference grammar for learners of Russian at all levels, from beginner to advanced. No prior knowledge of grammatical terminology is assumed and a glossary of grammatical terms is provided.

"Lasting Change in Foreign Language Education" presents a historical account of foreign language in general education. The author examines the struggle of this subject discipline to align with the changing mission of secondary education as it emerged as the predominant institution enrolling students in the study of second languages. This 100-year history suggests trends persistent across major periods of reform to explain current problems in the expansion of learning opportunities in foreign language. Included is a complete database of education statistics on foreign language education and national and state education law from 1899 to the present. Analysis of this data is presented in multiple formats to describe the historical capacity of the education system to achieve reform. A review of contemporary standards-based education initiatives in states and school districts similarly serves to reflect how historical trends continue to restrict change. Concise policy implications are suggested as a means to address historical precedence and the greater mission of general education in the development of education policy and its transformation into practice.

Policy development must include a greater understanding of the historical development of foreign language in general education. This vital link has been lacking in the past century as foreign language has struggled to realign itself with the changing mission of general education. For example, there are distinct curricular differences between a general education for all students and one for leadership and higher education. Only the latter makes room for solid foreign language education. In addition, the study of foreign language has remained primarily a beginning-level endeavor for the majority of students over the past century. This trend results in significant pressure on the beginning level curriculum, particularly during periods of reform, to provide multiple academic outcomes in education.

An unmissable collection of eight unconventional and captivating short stories for adult and young adult learners.

Short Stories in French for Beginners has been written especially for students from beginner to intermediate level, designed to give a sense of achievement, and most importantly - enjoyment! Mapped to A2-B1 on the Common European Framework of Reference, these eight captivating stories will both entertain you, and give you a feeling of progress when reading.

What does this book give you?

• Eight stories in a variety of exciting genres, from science fiction and crime to history and thriller - making reading fun, while you learn a wide range of new vocabulary
• Controlled language at your level, including the 1000 most frequent words, to help you progress confidently
• Authentic spoken dialogues, to help you learn conversational expressions and improve your speaking ability
• Pleasure! It's much easier to learn a new language when you're having fun, and research shows that if you're enjoying reading in a foreign language, you won't experience the usual feelings of frustration - 'It's too hard!' 'I don't understand!'
• Accessible grammar so you learn new structures naturally, in a stress-free way

Carefully curated to make learning a new language easy, these stories include key features that will support and consolidate your progress, including

• A glossary for bolded words in each text
• Full plot summary
• A bilingual word list
• Comprehension questions after each chapter.

As a result, you will be able to focus on enjoying reading, delighting in your improved range of vocabulary and grasp of the language, without ever feeling overwhelmed or frustrated. From science fiction to fantasy, to crime and thrillers, Short Stories in French for Beginners will make learning French easy and enjoyable.

Advanced Korean provides a wide range of topical reading texts and practice material for students making the transition to advanced level proficiency in Korean. Sequenced to address a one-year university program, each chapter comprises: The main reading passage New words and expressions with practice sets Grammar lessons and practice sets Speaking and writing activities Project activities for applying linguistic knowledge Self-evaluation rubrics With a range of online resources including an answer key, vocabulary lists, and downloadable activity sheets, this is an ideal text for students reaching Advanced level on the ACTFL proficiency scale and CEFR levels B2-C1. The wide range of vocabulary and abundant examples make this the perfect preparation for the Test of Proficiency in Korean (TOPIK).

NihonGO NOW! Level 2 is an intermediate level courseware package that takes a performed-culture approach to learning Japanese. This approach balances the need for an intellectual understanding of structural elements with multiple opportunities to experience the language within its cultural context. From the outset, learners are presented with samples of authentic language that are context-sensitive and culturally coherent. Instructional time is used primarily to rehearse interactions that learners of Japanese are likely to encounter in the future, whether they involve speaking, listening, writing, or reading. Level 2 comprises two textbooks with accompanying activity books. These four books in combination with audio files allow instructors to adapt an intermediate level course, such as the second or third year of college Japanese, to their students' needs. They focus on language and modeled behavior, providing opportunities for learners to acquire language through performance templates. Online resources provide additional support for both students and instructors. Audio files, videos, supplementary exercises, and a teachers' manual are available at www.routledge.com/9781138305304.

NihonGO NOW! Level 2 is an intermediate level courseware package that takes a performed-culture approach to learning Japanese. This approach balances the need for an intellectual understanding of structural elements with multiple opportunities to experience the language within its cultural context. From the outset, learners are presented with samples of authentic language that are context-sensitive and culturally coherent. Instructional time is used primarily to rehearse interactions that learners of Japanese are likely to encounter in the future, whether they involve speaking, listening, writing, or reading. Level 2 comprises two textbooks with accompanying activity books. These four books in combination with audio files allow instructors to adapt an intermediate level course, such as the second or third year of college Japanese, to their students' needs. They focus on language and modeled behavior, providing opportunities for learners to acquire language through performance templates. Online resources provide additional support for both students and instructors. Audio files, videos, supplementary exercises, and a teachers' manual are available at www.routledge.com/9781138305304.

En Activo is a contemporary course which provides students with a structured development of written and spoken business language skills, focusing on real business people and situations from all over the Spanish-speaking world. The book consists of twenty chapters that incorporate contextual information on the business environment of Spain and Latin America, role-plays, illustrative dialogues, dedicated written exercises, relevant grammar instruction, practical communicative exercises, up-to-date practical advice, model items of written and spoken business protocol, and links to numerous carefully-selected and integrated websites. Each chapter is structured as follows: -Le Presento a...: introduction of the central individual and their working life -Escuche, por favor: extensive listening exercises and accompanying activities -Recuerde que...: grammar revision and communicative exercises -Para saber mas: deepens knowledge about Spanish and Latin-American business culture and etiquette -Asi se hace: hands-on section practising business situations and day-to-day tasks -?Sabe navegar?: practices web research and web etiquette. Each fifth chapter is a revision chapter, which puts the acquired knowledge in practice via discussion groups, presentations and debates. An audio CD containing all interviews and listening comprehension exercises is available separately. At the end of this course the student will have a sound knowledge of the Spanish speaking business world and the language skills required to put this knowledge in practice.

This book is a study of the category of definiteness in the light of research on mental spaces and frames. The author formulates a set of eight uniform rules for the use of the definite, indefinite, and zero articles in English and German. The Concept of Definiteness presents an algorithm for nominal reference resolution that uses the definiteness value of each noun phrase to guide the search for its referent. The book discusses the results of the application of an automated system based on the proposed algorithm to texts in modern English. It also demonstrates applicability of the selected approach to text fragments representing all major historical variants of the German language.

By arranging frequently used characters under the phonetic element they have in common, rather than only under their radical, the Dictionary encourages the student to link characters according to their phonetic. The system of cross-referencing then allows the student to find easily all the characters in the dictionary which have the same phonetic element, thus helping to fix in the memory the link between a character and its sound and meaning.

This innovative resource will be an excellent study-aid for students with a basic grasp of Chinese, whether they are studying with a teacher or learning on their own.

Ever tried to learn French and found it too hard? Bestselling language coach Paul Noble has a quick and easy way to get you back on track with his unique tried-and-tested method. Keeps things simple with three basic rules; don't skip anything, don't try to memorise anything and cover up to test yourself. A fun, jargon-free way to learn Easy-to-understand French pronunciation PROVEN to work; Paul can teach anyone a language, even people who think they're incapable Paul's course teaches you how to speak French more effectively, giving you the building blocks to form a huge range of conversations. This is a practical way to learn the aspects of language that you'll actually need and use; from booking a hotel room to navigating a menu, Paul will effortlessly build your confidence and give you the tools to handle any holiday situation. You will unlock a range of vocabulary you already know. There is nothing so complicated in foreign languages that it cannot be made simple." Paul Noble A quick, easy and fun way to unlock your basic language skills. Perfect for beginners, this book will give you all the information you need to build basic conversations and get by on your travels.

By arranging frequently used characters under the phonetic element they have in common, rather than only under their radical, the Dictionary encourages the student to link characters according to their phonetic. The system of cross-referencing then allows the student to find easily all the characters in the dictionary which have the same phonetic element, thus helping to fix in the memory the link between a character and its sound and meaning.

This innovative resource will be an excellent study-aid for students with a basic grasp of Chinese, whether they are studying with a teacher or learning on their own.