Colloquial Burmese provides a step-by-step course in Burmese as it is written and spoken today. Combining a user-friendly approach with a thorough treatment of the language, it equips learners with the essential skills needed to communicate confidently and effectively in Burmese in a broad range of situations. No prior knowledge of the language is required. Key features include: progressive coverage of speaking, listening, reading and writing skills structured, jargon-free explanations of grammar an extensive range of focused and stimulating exercises realistic and entertaining dialogues covering a broad variety of scenarios useful vocabulary lists throughout the text review chapters at intervals throughout the text providing motivational checklists of language points covered an overview of the sounds of Burmese A full answer key and glossary at the back of the book Balanced, comprehensive and rewarding, Colloquial Burmese will be an indispensable resource both for independent learners and for students taking courses in Burmese. Audio material to accompany the course is available to download free in MP3 format from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio material features the dialogues and texts from the book and will help develop your listening and pronunciation skills.

Colloquial Dutch 2 is the next step in language learning for those who already have a basic knowledge of Dutch. The authentic dialogues, texts and variety of exercises in this course will help learners to consolidate their language skills and further their language competence. Key features include: a section devoted to idiomatic expressions in each unit cultural points and information on various dialects vocabulary lists relative to the topics of each unit. Audio material to accompany the course is available to download free in MP3 format from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio material features the dialogues and texts from the book and will help develop your listening and pronunciation skills.

Colloquial Kazakh provides a step-by-step course in Kazakh as it is written and spoken today. Combining a user-friendly approach with a thorough treatment of the language, it equips learners with the essential skills needed to communicate confidently and effectively in Kazakh in a broad range of situations. No prior knowledge of the language is required. Key features include: progressive coverage of speaking, listening, reading and writing skills structured, jargon-free explanations of grammar an extensive range of focused and stimulating exercises realistic and entertaining dialogues covering a broad variety of scenarios useful vocabulary lists throughout the text an overview of the sounds and alphabet of Kazakh additional resources available at the back of the book, including a full answer key, a grammar summary, bilingual glossaries and English translations of dialogues. Balanced, comprehensive and rewarding, Colloquial Kazakh will be an indispensable resource both for independent learners and for students taking courses in Kazakh. Audio material to accompany the course is available to download free in MP3 format from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio material features the dialogues and texts from the book and will help develop your listening and pronunciation skills.

Colloquial Malay: The Complete Course for Beginners has been carefully developed by an experienced teacher to provide a step-by-step course to Malay as it is written and spoken today. Combining a clear, practical and accessible style with a methodical and thorough treatment of the language, it equips learners with the essential skills needed to communicate confidently and effectively in Malay in a broad range of situations. No prior knowledge of the language is required. Colloquial Malay is exceptional; each unit presents a wealth of grammatical points that are reinforced with a wide range of exercises for regular practice. Key features include: A clear, user-friendly format designed to help learners progressively build up their speaking, listening, reading and writing skills Jargon-free, succinct and clearly structured explanations of grammar An extensive range of focused and dynamic supportive exercises Realistic and entertaining dialogues covering a broad variety of narrative situations Helpful cultural points explaining the customs and features of life in Malay-speaking countries. An overview of the sounds of Malay. Balanced, comprehensive and rewarding, Colloquial Malay is an indispensable resource both for independent learners and students taking courses in Malay. Audio material to accompany the course is available to download free in MP3 format from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio material features the dialogues and texts from the book and will help develop your listening and pronunciation skills.

Colloquial Panjabi: The Complete Course for Beginners has been carefully developed by an experienced teacher to provide a step-by-step course to Panjabi as it is written and spoken today. Combining a clear, practical and accessible style with a methodical and thorough treatment of the language, it equips learners with the essential skills needed to communicate confidently and effectively in Panjabi in a broad range of situations. No prior knowledge of the language is required. Colloquial Panjabi is exceptional; each unit presents a wealth of grammatical points that are reinforced with a wide range of exercises for regular practice. A full answer key, a grammar summary, bilingual glossaries and English translations of dialogues can be found at the back as well as useful vocabulary lists throughout. Key features include: A clear, user-friendly format designed to help learners progressively build up their speaking, listening, reading and writing skills Jargon-free, succinct and clearly structured explanations of grammar An extensive range of focused and dynamic supportive exercises Realistic and entertaining dialogues covering a broad variety of narrative situations Helpful cultural points explaining the customs and features of life in Panjabi-speaking areas. An overview of the sounds of Panjabi Balanced, comprehensive and rewarding, Colloquial Panjabi is an indispensable resource both for independent learners and students taking courses in Panjabi. Audio material to accompany the course is available to download free in MP3 format from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio material features the dialogues and texts from the book and will help develop your listening and pronunciation skills. A wealth of additional text material is also provided on the website. This supplementary material builds on the foundation provided in the Colloquial Panjabi course and will develop your language skills beyond the beginner level into intermediate study.

Do you know Brazilian Portuguese already and want to go a stage further? If you're planning a visit to Brazil, need to brush up your Brazilian Portuguese for work, or are simply doing a course, Colloquial Portuguese of Brazil 2 is the ideal way to refresh your knowledge of the language and to extend your skills. Key features of Colloquial Portuguese of Brazil 2 include: revision material to help consolidate and build up your basics a wide range of contemporary authentic documents lots of spoken and written exercises in each unit highlighted key structures and phrases, a grammar reference and detailed answer keys a broad range of everyday situations, focusing on Brazil supplementary exercises and Brazilian Portuguese language web-links at www.routledge.com/languages. Audio material to accompany the course is available to download free in MP3 format from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio material features the dialogues and texts from the book and will help develop your listening and pronunciation skills.

Colloquial Spanish of Latin America: The Complete Course for Beginners has been carefully developed by an experienced teacher to provide a step-by-step course to Latin American Spanish as it is written and spoken today. Combining a clear, practical and accessible style with a methodical and thorough treatment of the language, it equips learners with the essential skills needed to communicate confidently and effectively in Latin American Spanish in a broad range of situations. No prior knowledge of the language is required. Colloquial Spanish of Latin America is exceptional; each unit presents a wealth of grammatical points that are reinforced with a wide range of exercises for regular practice. A full answer key, a grammar summary, bilingual glossaries and English translations of dialogues can be found at the back as well as useful vocabulary lists throughout. Key features include: A clear, user-friendly format designed to help learners progressively build up their speaking, listening, reading and writing skills Jargon-free, succinct and clearly structured explanations of grammar An extensive range of focused and dynamic supportive exercises Realistic and entertaining dialogues covering a broad variety of narrative situations Helpful cultural points explaining the customs and features of life in Latin America An overview of the sounds of Latin American Spanish. Balanced, comprehensive and rewarding, Colloquial Spanish of Latin America is an indispensable resource both for independent learners and students taking courses in Latin American Spanish. Audio material to accompany the course is available to download free in MP3 format from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio material features the dialogues and texts from the book and will help develop your listening and pronunciation skills.

Colloquials are now supported by FREE AUDIO available online. All audio tracks referenced within the text are free to stream or download from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio complements the book and will help enhance learners' listening and speaking skills. Colloquial Yiddish provides a step-by-step course in Yiddish as it is written and spoken today. Combining a user-friendly approach with a thorough treatment of the language, it equips learners with the essential skills needed to communicate confidently and effectively in Yiddish in a broad range of situations. No prior knowledge of the language is required. This edition features: progressive coverage of speaking, listening, reading and writing skills structured, jargon-free explanations of grammar an extensive range of focused and stimulating exercises realistic and entertaining dialogues covering a broad variety of scenarios useful vocabulary lists throughout the text Balanced, comprehensive and rewarding, Colloquial Yiddish will be an indispensable resource both for independent learners and students taking courses in Yiddish.

Modern Welsh: A Comprehensive Grammar is the ideal reference source for all speakers and learners of Welsh. Focusing on contemporary spoken Welsh, it presents the complexities of the language in a concise and readable form. Common grammatical patterns and parts of speech are discussed in detail and without jargon and extensive cross references make the book comprehensive and easy to use. Now in its third edition, the Grammar has been thoroughly revised and updated throughout. Changes include an increased number of illustrative examples, additional appendices for easy reference, inclusion of IPA phonetic symbols, and expanded sections on further reading. Features include: Full use of authentic examples Particular attention to areas of confusion and difficulty Extensive index and cross referencing Initial consonant mutations marked throughout Separate sections on communicative functions Notes on variation between dialects and on formal written language Modern Welsh: A Comprehensive Grammar is the most thorough, detailed and user-friendly Welsh grammar available in English today. It is suitable for use in schools, colleges, universities and adult classes at all levels and will, as its predecessors, prove an invaluable aid for Welsh language learning and teaching.

Modern Written Arabic: A Comprehensive Grammar is a complete reference guide to Arabic grammar. The Grammar presents a fresh and accessible description of the language, concentrating on the real patterns of use in contemporary written Arabic. Data is taken from actual written Arabic, both literary and non-literary, observed or published since 1990. Sources range from street signs to high literature. This comprehensive work is an invaluable resource for anyone at the intermediate to advanced level, from students through to teachers and linguists. It is ideal for use in colleges, universities and adult classes of all types. The volume is organized to promote a thorough understanding of Arabic grammar. It offers a stimulating analysis of the complexities of the language, and provides full and clear explanations. Features include: detailed treatment of the common grammatical structures and parts of speech extensive exemplification particular attention to areas of confusion and difficulty Arabic-English parallels highlighted throughout the book an extensive index and numbered paragraphs for ease-of-reference Elsaid Badawi was Professor of Arabic Language and Linguistics at the American University in Cairo. Michael G. Carter is Honorary Professor at Sydney University. Adrian Gully is an Independent Professional Interpreter and Translator. Maher Awad is Senior Lecturer of Arabic at Rice University.

The Routledge Intermediate Russian Reader has been specially designed for intermediate, upper intermediate and advanced learners of Russian and comprises a wide range of graded readings. The materials include authentic extracts from mass media and literature by renowned modern writers such as A. Slapovsky, E. Grishkovets, A. Starobinets and M. Shishkin. The texts have been specifically selected to ensure that students receive maximum exposure to topics relevant to Russian language, history, culture and society, making the Reader an engaging and stimulating resource with a meaningful cultural context. Each reading is supported by: a general introduction supportive exercises consolidating students' knowledge of frequent grammar and vocabulary structures from the texts text related comprehension questions and classroom tasks to help students build up strong and productive spoken and written skills a vocabulary list with English translation and answer key to the exercises for helpful reference lists for further reading, suggested topics for essays and discussions and internet research tasks to encourage proactive further learning. Suitable for both class use and independent study, The Routledge Intermediate Russian Reader is an essential tool for increasing language proficiency, developing reading skills and enriching learners' cultural knowledge. Internet links to the tasks are available at www.routledge.com/9780415678872

Colloquial Breton: The Complete Course for Beginners has been carefully developed by an experienced teacher to provide a step-by-step course to Breton as it is written and spoken today. Combining a clear, practical and accessible style with a methodical and thorough treatment of the language, it equips learners with the essential skills needed to communicate confidently and effectively in Breton in a broad range of situations. No prior knowledge of the language is required. Colloquial Breton is exceptional; each unit presents a wealth of grammatical points that are reinforced with a wide range of exercises for regular practice. A full answer key, a grammar summary, bilingual glossaries and English translations of dialogues can be found at the back as well as useful vocabulary lists throughout. Key features include: A clear, user-friendly format designed to help learners progressively build up their speaking, listening, reading and writing skills Jargon-free, succinct and clearly structured explanations of grammar An extensive range of focused and dynamic supportive exercises Realistic and entertaining dialogues covering a broad variety of narrative situations Helpful cultural points An overview of the sounds of Breton Balanced, comprehensive and rewarding, Colloquial Breton is an indispensable resource both for independent learners and students taking courses in Breton. Audio material to accompany the course is available to download free in MP3 format from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio material features the dialogues and texts from the book and will help develop your listening and pronunciation skills.

Do you know Spanish already and want to go a stage further? If you're planning a visit to Spain, need to brush up your Spanish for work, or are simply doing a course, Colloquial Spanish 2 is the ideal way to refresh your knowledge of the language and to extend your skills. Colloquial Spanish 2 is designed to help those involved in self-study. Structured to give you the opportunity to listen to and read lots of modern, everyday Spanish, it has also been developed to work systematically on reinforcing and extending your grasp of Spanish grammar and vocabulary. Key features of Colloquial Spanish 2 include: Revision material to help consolidate and build up your basics A wide range of contemporary authentic documents, both written and audio Lots of spoken and written exercises in each unit Highlighted key structures and phrases, a grammar reference and detailed answer keys A broad range of everyday situations, focusing on mainland Spain. Audio material to accompany the course is available to download free in MP3 format from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio material features the dialogues and texts from the book and will help develop your listening and pronunciation skills.

The Routledge Modern Greek Reader has been specially designed for post-beginners to advanced learners of Greek. Written by an experienced instructor, this innovative reader offers both students and teachers of Modern Greek the pedagogical tools to utilise richly textured folktale material in a language class. Students can develop their linguistic skills while simultaneously engaging with the broader social and cultural context of the language. Features include: Twenty five readings organised according to level of difficulty, beginning with easy short stories and progressing onto more advanced level texts Vocabulary lists with English translations and vocabulary in context supporting each reading Comprehension questions in each chapter to help foster stronger reading and writing skills Language exercises and subject specific tasks to stimulate classroom discussion and help students develop strong essay writing skills in Greek Three folktales presented in different dialects at the end of the book to help students understand variety within the Greek language itself A complete Greek-English glossary and a list of all idiomatic expressions and colloquial phrases found in the folktales. Suitable for both class use and independent study, The Routledge Modern Greek Reader is an essential tool for increasing language proficiency skills and enriching students' cultural knowledge.

Every language has its peculiar problems of meaning for the foreign learner. In the English language, some of the biggest yet most fascinating problems are concentrated in the area of the finite verb phrase: in particular, tense, aspect, mood and modality. Meaning and the English Verb describes these fields in detail for teachers and advanced students of English as a foreign or second language. This new third edition uses up-to-date examples to show differences and similarities between American and British english, reflecting a great deal of recent research in this area. It also takes account of the subtle changes which are taking place in the language today. In print for over 30 years, Meaning and the English Verb has established itself as a recognised authority on the meaning and use of verb constructions in English. This updated third edition will ensure that it remains an invaluable text for teachers and students of English worldwide.

Pronunciation, spelling, the concept of roots and patterns and idomatic phrases are just some of the areas that cause confusion for students of Arabic. Learning how to avoid the common errors that arise repeatedly in these areas is an essential step in successful language learning. Speed Up Your Arabic is a unique and innovative resource that identifies and explains the most commonly made errors, enabling students to learn from their mistakes and enhance their understanding of the Arabic language. Each of the nine chapters focuses on a grammatical category where English speakers typically make mistakes in Arabic. Each chapter is divided into sections that classify the concepts and errors into subcategories. Full explanations are provided throughout with clear, comprehensive examples and exercises to help the learner gain an in-depth understanding of Arabic grammar and usage. Key features: Carefully selected grammar topics and examples based on the most commonly made errors Comprehensive explanations of the most difficult grammar points help learners gain an in-depth understanding of Arabic grammar and usage. Exercises throughout reinforce learning and link theory to practice A complete answer key making it ideal for self-study A glossary of grammatical terms, an Arabic-English glossary and a bibliography to aid learning Useful drills and listening samples available for free download at http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415660556/ Suitable both for classroom use or self-study, Speed Up Your Arabic is the ideal resource for all intermediate learners of Arabic wishing to refine their language skills.

This is a thoroughly revised edition of Integrated Korean: Beginning 1, the first volume of the best-selling series developed collaboratively by leading classroom teachers and linguists of Korean. All the series' volumes have been developed in accordance with performance-based principles and methodology-contextualization, learner-centeredness, use of authentic materials, usage-orientedness, balance between skill getting and skill using, and integration of speaking, listening, reading, writing, and culture. Grammar points are systematically introduced in simple but adequate explanations and abundant examples and exercises. Each situation/topic-based lesson of the main texts consists of model dialogues, narration, new words and expressions, vocabulary notes, culture, grammar, usage, and English translation of dialogues. In response to comments from hundreds of students and instructors of the second edition, this new third edition features an attractive color design with new photos and drawings and lesson and vocabulary exercises that have been fully reorganized. Each lesson contains a conversational text (with its own vocabulary list) and a reading passage. The accompanying workbook-available online as well as in paperback-provides students with extensive skill-using activities based on the skills learned in the main text. Integrated Korean is a project of the Korean Language Education and Research Center (KLEAR) with the support of the Korean Foundation. In addition to the five-level Integrated Korean textbooks and workbooks, volumes include Korean Composition, Korean Language in Culture and Society, Korean Reader for Chinese Characters, Readings in Modern Korean Literature, A Resource for Korean Grammar Instruction and Selected Readings in Korean.

Practising French Grammar offers a set of varied and accessible exercises for developing a practical awareness of French as it is spoken and written today. The lively examples and authentic texts and cartoons have been updated to reflect current usage. A new companion website provides a wealth of additional interactive exercises to help consolidate challenging grammar points. Practising French Grammar provides concise summaries of key grammatical points at the beginning of each exercise, as well as model answers to the exercises and translations of difficult words. It can be used alone or as the ideal companion to the fourth edition of French Grammar and Usage by Roger Hawkins and Richard Towell.

The Beginner's Series is designed to meet the bilingual needs of the traveling businessperson, tourist, and student. These language lessons cover such common situations as: passing through customs, checking into a hotel, placing phone calls, going to the post office, and extending and accepting invitations. First learn about the country's history and culture, acquaint yourself with social customs, restaurant practices, and transportation systems. Then learn basic language skills, including vocabulary, grammar, and useful phrases that will have you communicating with natives and moving about feeely. Clear, easy to use, and insightful, the Beginner's Series will introduce you to the languages of the world.

The Middle East and other Arabic-speaking regions are of central importance in the world today. This handy booklet, designed to be carried in one's pocket, presents the basics of reading and understanding Arabic script. It begins with an introduction to the alphabet and the pronunciation of Arabic characters. The book also features the rules of reading and writing the language, including reading direction, consonant-vowel elisions, and, of course, letter linkages or ligatures, notoriously the most difficult aspect of the script to learn. It is an essential tool for travellers, business-people, and military personnel in the Middle East and other places where Arabic is spoken.

Indonesian, the official language of Indonesia, is spoken by that nation's approximately 240 million inhabitants. A tropical paradise made up of about 13,000 islands, Indonesia annually receives more than 5 million foreign tourists. This title contains over 20,000 entries of essential, modern Indonesian. It is intended for travellers.