This new edition of the bestselling Modern Spanish Grammar: A Practical Guide is an innovative reference guide to Spanish, combining traditional and function-based grammar in a single volume.
The Grammar is divided into two parts. Part A covers traditional grammatical categories such as word order, nouns, verbs and adjectives. Part B is carefully organized around language functions and notions such as:
* Giving and seeking information
* Putting actions into context
* Expressing likes, dislikes and preferences
With a strong emphasis on contemporary usage, all grammar points and functions are richly illustrated with examples. Implementing feedback from users of the first edition of the grammar, this second edition now features:
* More functional items
* Clearer explanations and more accessible descriptors
* Greater emphasis on areas of particular difficulty for learners of Spanish, such as tense usage, ser and estar and the reflective.
This is the ideal reference grammar for learners of Spanish at all levels, from elementary to advanced. No prior knowledge of grammatical terminology is assumed and a glossary of grammatical terms is provided.

Les mots francais: Vocabulaire, lectures et sujets de conversation presents a clear, thorough and systematic overview of modern French vocabulary on a variety of subjects. Written in the target language, each of the 32 chapters is divided into the following sections, with translations into English to facilitate the learning process: * basic vocabulary (vocabulaire de base) * additional vocabulary (vocabulaire supplementaire) * related vocabulary (vocabulaire apparente) * idiomatic expressions, sayings and proverbs (proverbes et expressions) * cultural readings (lectures). The book includes a range of communicative exercises and sample sentences, while an answer key and flashcards are available online. This is essential reading for learners at level A2-C2 of the Common European Framework for Languages, and Intermediate Mid-Advanced on the ACTFL proficiency scales.

Choosing appropriate words to express an idea is important to improve students' reading comprehension and writing composition skills. Vocabulary Ladders: Understanding Words Nuances provides fifth grade students with fun and engaging vocabulary activities to support word knowledge within reading and writing skills. This resource provides a framework to teach related words using a cluster approach that helps students learn many semantically related words at once. With this series, students will discuss differences between themed words, order words and explain their thinking, use words in context, and use words in writing.

Innovative and evidence-based, this introduction to the main concepts and issues in language teaching uses a 'key questions' structure, enabling the reader to understand how these questions have been addressed by researchers previously, and how the findings inform language teaching practices. Grounded in research, theory and empirical evidence, the textbook provides students, practitioners and teachers with a complete introductory course in language teaching. Written in a clear and user-friendly style, and avoiding use of jargon, the book draws upon real-life teaching experiences and scenarios to provide practical advice. A glossary of key terms, questions for discussion and further reading suggestions are included. The book is perfectly suited to language teaching modules on English language, TESOL and applied linguistics courses.

* Fourth-year language learning or above in preparation for real-life business situations ( ) * Timeless business topics ranging from frequently occurring business activities, economic systems and phenomena, to issues of broad interest * Simulated real-world tasks connecting the classroom to China's current economic developments through students' own efforts , * A focus on formal language style and business terminology * Summary of important features of Chinese with emphasis on language learning skills to cultivate self-sustained and effective language learners , ,

Spanish for Veterinarians, Second Edition, is designed to help you rapidly learn working Spanish for clinical conversations. Packed with the practical vocabulary information and conversational tools found in the first edition, the new edition now includes a new chapter on exotics and expanded information on the Spanish required for pre-consultation discussion. The pronunciation exercises, available online as audio files to help veterinary team members effectively and confidently use Spanish in their client communications, have also been revised and expanded. The presentation of the language is not traditional - explanations are written for veterinarians, not grammarians, so you won't find conditional verbs or terms such as "pluperfect." Here's what you will find: A pronunciation guide and explanations of how to conjugate verbs. Basic conversations concerning veterinary medicine. Ample vocabulary lists for animals, body parts, and diseases. Discussions on the role of animals in Hispanic culture and on how to handle introductions and small talk. Vocabulary for obtaining information for the clinical history and the diagnostic exam. Chapters on specific animals, including a new chapter on exotics. Vocabulary for check-in forms. An English-to-Spanish and Spanish-to-English dictionary of practical veterinary terms alphabetized together. This new edition is a lively presentation of the Spanish that working vets increasingly need to know.

Contextos: Curso Intermediario de Portugues e um curso envolvente e motivador que leva os alunos do nivel intermediario ao nivel avancado. O curso permite que os alunos pratiquem sistematicamente todas as quatro habilidades linguisticas, ao mesmo tempo que desenvolvem a sua percepcao e consciencia intercultural. Cada unidade apresenta claramente os seus objetivos de aprendizagem, os quais correspondem a criterios de desenvolvimento de proficiencia reconhecidos internacionalmente. Todas as unidades apresentam, tambem, listagens de conteudos para autoavaliacao e propostas de planejamento de revisao. Tal conteudo possibilita o desenvolvimento de aprendizes autonomos, que sabem acompanhar o seu proprio progresso e concentrar-se em areas especificas de dificuldade. Um site complementar oferece atividades extras sobre gramatica e vocabulario apresentados no livro, bem como sugestoes de respostas para as atividades propostas em Contextos, alem de acesso aos audios que acompanham o curso. Contextos leva os alunos do nivel intermediario baixo ao nivel avancado baixo, de acordo com as diretrizes de proficiencia do ACTFL e dos niveis A2 a B, de acordo com o CEFR.

Contextos: Curso Intermediario de Portugues e um curso envolvente e motivador que leva os alunos do nivel intermediario ao nivel avancado. O curso permite que os alunos pratiquem sistematicamente todas as quatro habilidades linguisticas, ao mesmo tempo que desenvolvem a sua percepcao e consciencia intercultural. Cada unidade apresenta claramente os seus objetivos de aprendizagem, os quais correspondem a criterios de desenvolvimento de proficiencia reconhecidos internacionalmente. Todas as unidades apresentam, tambem, listagens de conteudos para autoavaliacao e propostas de planejamento de revisao. Tal conteudo possibilita o desenvolvimento de aprendizes autonomos, que sabem acompanhar o seu proprio progresso e concentrar-se em areas especificas de dificuldade. Um site complementar oferece atividades extras sobre gramatica e vocabulario apresentados no livro, bem como sugestoes de respostas para as atividades propostas em Contextos, alem de acesso aos audios que acompanham o curso. Contextos leva os alunos do nivel intermediario baixo ao nivel avancado baixo, de acordo com as diretrizes de proficiencia do ACTFL e dos niveis A2 a B, de acordo com o CEFR.

Jean-François Lyotard, the highly influential twentieth-century philosopher of the postmodern, has had an enormous impact on the course and commitment of contemporary philosophy. Lyotard: Philosophy, Politics and the Sublime is a thoroughgoing reassessment of his extraordinary legacy and contribution to contemporary cultural, political, ethical, and aesthetic theory, and an indispensable guide to key issues in his philosophy. Fifteen distinguished scholars have contributed.

The most popular story in all of India and a classic of world literature is summarised in 728 verses in the great epic Mahabharata. Intended for independent study or classroom use for students of various levels who have had a basic introduction to Sanskrit, this fully annotated edition of the Ramopakhyana supplies all the information required for complete comprehension. It contains the Devanagari text, Roman transliteration, sandhi analysis, Sanskrit prose equivalents to the verses, syntactic and cultural notes, and the English translation, and word-by-word grammatical analysis.

This is a book for reference and revision, especially for those in the early stages of studying the Persian language. It uses the official reformed spelling, and gives attention to handwriting, educated standard and educated colloquial pronunciation, and the important polite forms. The grammar is explained with copious examples, all shown both in Persian script and in Roman transliteration. The grammatical themes are grouped logically, and there are cross-references, appendices and a subject index to facilitate the search for the right form.

Many employers complain about the poor communication skills of many young people seeking employment; and many people in employment are handicapped by the poor quality of their written work. While bad spelling, ineffective punctuation and faults in grammar create barriers between the writer and the reader, good English makes the reader feel at ease.
The benefits of being a good writer at work are:
Managers need to be able to communicate in order to get ideas across. If they cannot, they will be unable to make their viewpoint heard and they will be unable to influence customers, suppliers and colleagues as desired
If you can write well, you will find that your views are given prominence over those of others. Effective communication, and that includes writing, is the key to career success and advancement
This book is for those who have difficulty in getting thoughts into words or their ideas across, as well as those who are satisfied with their writing but are ready to consider the possibility of improving it. It is all about the ways in which writing at work is important - helping the reader to observe, remember, think, plan, organise and communicate.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203165993

This anthology brings together voices from industry and academia in a call for elevating the status, identity, value, and influence of technical communicators. Editors Barbara Mirel and Rachel Spilka assert that technical communicators must depart from their traditional roles, moving instead in a more influential and expansive direction. To help readers explore the possibilities, contributions from innovative thinkers and leaders in technical communication propose ways to redefine the field's identity and purposes and to expand the parameters of its work.
The chapters included here all point toward new directions for greater growth and influence of the field. Contributors depart from traditional ideas and solutions and discuss new and in some cases radical points, provoking further thought and discussion. Its exploration of fresh territory uncovers new research topics and directions, and provides an examination of both internal, industry-academia relationships and external relationships between technical communicators and other professionals. In its entirety, this collection represents an inclusive vision for the future, targeting such wide-ranging issues as creating effective professional organizations, disseminating research to diverse audiences, transitioning to more influential job roles, exerting leadership in usability, and creating hybrid identities and collaborative programs between industry and academic to support them.
The diverse voices from industry and academia will inspire readers to think differently about the discipline's identity and direction, and to build on the ideas they find herein to effect change within their own spheres. As required reading for academics and professionals in technical communication, this collection is a critical step in reshaping and reinvigorating the technical communication field to ensure its survival and growth in the 21st century.

Russian Nouns of Common Gender in Use is a unique collection of more than 150 nouns that mainly have grammatical features of the feminine gender, but refer to both male and female persons. This book provides the meanings of the words and explains their use in discourse with the help of examples from literature, media, and everyday speech. Each entry includes parallel English translations, which are analogous and appropriate to the given context. These enable the reader to easily grasp each word's organic place and purpose in a particular sentence or situation. This book will serve as a valuable tool for students and instructors, translators, scholars, and anyone interested in learning the Russian language.

Engineers need to understand the legal and commercial context in which they draw up technical specifications. This thoroughly up-dated edition of Haslam's successful Writing Engineering Specifications provides a concise guide to technical specifications and leads the reader through the process of writing these instructions, with clear advice to help the student and professional avoid legal disputes or the confusion and time wasting caused by poor drafting. Designers and project managers should find this invaluable, and it should be helpful to insurers, lawyers, estimators and the like.

Contents:
Acknowledgements. Introduction. 1. Specifications in Context. 2. Recent Developments and Standard Forms. 3. Presenting Specifications. 4. The Effect of Specifications. 5. Writing Specifications. 6. Grammar. 7. Model Specifications and Layout. 8. Claims. Conclusion.

Order "das beste Bier" at Oktoberfest Hitch a ride on "der Autobahn " Say ""Wilkommen"" to your "neuen deutschen Freunde "

Learning to "sprechen Sie Deutsches" is fun--and far easier than you might think. German and English are closely related--you already know "viele Phrasen " With this guide, you will make sense of this fascinating language in no time.

This practical, hands-on "Buch" comes with easy-to-understand lessons, useful exercises, and a CD for pronunciation help. Building on the German language's close relation to English, this all-new edition covers everything from basic introductions to verb conversions. You will learn to:

• "Ich mochte ein Berliner, bitte." Order food with ease.
• "Wie viel kostet der Kase?" Ask how much items cost.
• "Der Vater kaufte seinem Sohn ein Fahrrad." Understand direct and indirect objects.
• "viel / mehr / am meisten." Use superlatives to communicate more effectively.
• "Der Ball wird von dem Mann geschlagen." Know when to use passive voice.

This edition includes completely new material on:

• Rules of spelling and punctuation
• Appropriate language for correspondence in German, including e-mail
• Updated exercises

Contents:
Acknowledgements How to use this book A. Introduction: Key Concepts in Grammar and Vocabulary: A.1 Words and sentences A.2 Word classes A.3 Word structure A.4 Slots and fillers A.5 Sentence patterns A.6 Clause and phrase A.7 Grammar rules A.8 Vocabularies B. Development: Further Concepts in Grammar and Vocabulary: B.1 Types of sentence B.2 Noun and verb B.3 Making new words B.4 Subject and Object B.5 Noun phrase and verb phrase B.6 Main and subordinate B.7 Breaking rules B.8 'Jargon' C. Exploration: Aspects of Investigation: C.1 Sentence types in use C.1.1 Declaratives C.1.2 Interrogatives C.1.3 Imperatives C.2 Classes of words C.2.1 Nouns and pronouns C.2.2 Adjectives C.2.3 Adverbs and prepositions C.3 Types of word structure C.3.1 Compounds C.3.2 Derivations C.3.3 Multi-word items C.4 Types of slot C.4.1 Object and Complement C.4.2 Object and Adverbial C.4.3 More on Subjects C.5 Components of phrases C.5.1 Modifying nouns C.5.2 Tense, aspect and modality C.5.3 Adjective phrase C.6 Types of clause C.6.1 Noun clauses C.6.2 Adjective clauses C.6.3 Adverbial clauses C.7 Grammatical rules in context C.7.1 Spoken grammar C.7.2 Creative grammar C.7.3 Humour and ambiguity C.8 Word-choice in use C.8.1 Dialect C.8.2 Topic C.8.3 Formality D. Extension: Readings in Grammar and Vocabulary: D.1 Linguistic Units and the Sentence (Aarts and Aarts) D.2 Grammatical Class; The Problem of Labelling (Allerton) D.3 Lexicalization (Quirk, Greenbaum, Leech and Svartvik) D.4 Valency Theory (Herbst) D.5 Pattern and Meaning (Hunston and Francis) D.6 The Clause Complex (Halliday) D.7 Standard English (Trudgill) D.8 Introduction to 20th Century Words (Ayto) Further Reading References Glossary of terms and index

Routledge English Language Introductions cover core areas of language study and are one-stop resources for students.
Assuming no prior knowledge, books in the Routledge English Language Introductions series offer an accessible overview of the subject, with activities, study questions, sample analyses, commentaries and key readings - all in the same volume. The innovative and flexible 'two-dimensional' structure is built around four sections - introduction, development, exploration and extension - which offer self-contained stages for study. Each topic can also be read across these sections, enabling the reader to build gradually on the knowledge gained.
Grammar and Vocabulary:
* covers the core areas of the subject: words and sentences, word classes, word structure, slots and fillers, sentence patterns, clause and phrase, grammar rules and vocabularies
* draws on a wide range of real texts from newspaper articles, adverts, poems and websites
* provides classic readings by key names in the discipline, such as Halliday, Quirk, Ayto and Trudgill.
This is an accessible and user-friendly textbook for all students of English language and linguistics.

Related link: www.routledge.com/textbooks/grammar

This is a clear, simple and compact guide to colloquial, everyday Japanese. Acquire basic proficiency in spoken Japanese. A streamlined, efficient approach. Perfect for self-learners or classroom use. Includes kanji and kana. Essential Japanese Vocabulary teaches all the Japanese grammar you need to speak and understand simple spoken Japanese. It covers only what is essential which provides an efficient way for learners who have limited time to gain basic proficiency and begin to communicate naturally with Japanese language speakers. Intended for both self-study and classroom use the guide offers a practical course in colloquial Japanese, but leaves aside forms that are unnecessary or little used as well as those that are more important for written Japanese. In short chapters, it helps the user understand the logic of Japanese grammar, while its straightforward explanations and clear examples make learning as easy as possible. The book includes a glossary of grammatical terms and an index, as well as appendixes on Japanese pronunciation and verb conjugation. In a focused and convenient approach, Essential Japanese Vocabulary is an indispensable tool for beginners just starting to learn Japanese or a handy aid for more experienced learners who wish to refresh their knowledge.

First Published in 2001. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.