Principles of Forensic Pathology: From Investigation to Certification offers a conceptual framework and foundational approach to a forensic practice grounded by evidence-based and mechanistic thinking. This book uses a systematic approach to address, explain, and guide the reader through diverse topics relevant to forensic pathologists and medicolegal death investigators. Nineteen chapters provide a comprehensive overview of the field of forensic pathology and discusses central topics such as scene investigation, the pathophysiology of death, death certification, the forensic autopsy, forensic imaging, pediatric forensic pathology, the importance of context, and approaches to frequently encountered medicolegal death circumstances, with mental checklists and suggestions for a consistent and considered approach. Written by forensic professionals, this book is a practical, yet comprehensive compendium for practicing forensic pathologists, coroners, medicolegal death investigators, forensic pathology fellows, pathology residents, medical students interested in forensic pathology, lawyers, and law enforcement professionals.

As transgender and gender non-binary individuals are a growing demographic, the number of patients seeking gender confirmation surgery is increasing. Atlas of Operative Techniques in Gender Affirmation Surgery is a highly illustrated and practical guide to the different types of gender affirmation surgery. Top and bottom surgeries are illustrated include facial feminization, mastectomy, techniques in phalloplasty, metoidioplasty, different approaches to vaginoplasty, management of complications of gender affirming surgery, and more. This comprehensive textbook is a must-have guide for individuals interested in gender affirmation surgery to master the complex operative procedures that this field demands and to refine their techniques.

A new, fully updated edition of David Attenborough's groundbreaking Life on Earth. David Attenborough's unforgettable meeting with gorillas became an iconic moment for millions of television viewers. Life on Earth, the series and accompanying book, fundamentally changed the way we view and interact with the natural world setting a new benchmark of quality, influencing a generation of nature lovers. Told through an examination of animal and plant life, this is an astonishing celebration of the evolution of life on earth, with a cast of characters drawn from the whole range of organisms that have ever lived on this planet. Attenborough's perceptive, dynamic approach to the evolution of millions of species of living organisms takes the reader on an unforgettable journey of discovery from the very first spark of life to the blue and green wonder we know today. To celebrate the 40th anniversary of the book's first publication, David Attenborough revisited Life on Earth, completely updating and adding to the original text, taking account of modern scientific discoveries from around the globe. This paperback edition also includes more than 60 full colour photographs, chosen by the author to help illustrate the book in a much greater way than was possible forty years ago. This updated edition provides a fitting tribute to an enduring wildlife classic, destined to enthral the generation who saw it when first published and bring it alive for a whole new generation.

This volume presents articles from the leading experts in the field in nanobiotechnology, providing students and researchers with a comprehensive review of the newly emerging area of neuroscience.

All aspects of nanomaterials induced alteration in brain function are considered. Basic chapters on methods and ways to enhance nano-drug delivery into the brain are presented as well as chapters on functional and structural changes in the CNS, including gene expression and related issues. Particular attention is given to possible therapeutic advancement regarding nano-drug formulation and their role in neuroprotection.

Bioassays: Advanced Methods and Applications provides a thorough understanding of the applications of bioassays in monitoring toxicity in aquatic ecosystems. It reviews the newest tests and applications in discovering compounds and toxins in the environment, covering all suitable organisms, from bacteria, to microorganisms, to higher plants, including invertebrates and vertebrates. By learning about newer tests, water pollution control testing can be less time and labor consuming, and less expensive. This book will be helpful for anyone working in aquatic environments or those who need an introduction to ecotoxicology or bioassays, from investigators, to technicians and students.

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is a ubiquitous internalization process in eukaryotic cells. It consists of the formation of an approximately 50-nm diameter vesicle out of a flat membrane. Genetics, biochemistry, and microscopy experiments performed in the last four decades have been instrumental to discover and characterize major endocytic proteins in yeast and mammals. However, due to the highly dynamic nature of the endocytic assembly and its small size, many questions remain unresolved: how are endocytic proteins organized spatially and dynamically? How are forces produced and how are their directions controlled? How do the biochemical activities of endocytic proteins and the membrane shape and mechanics regulate each other? These questions are virtually impossible to visualize or measure directly with conventional approaches but thanks to new quantitative biology methods, it is now possible to infer the mechanisms of endocytosis in exquisite detail. This book introduces quantitative microscopy and mathematical modeling approaches that have been used to count the copy number of endocytic proteins, infer their localization with nanometer precision, and infer molecular and physical mechanisms that are involved in the robust formation of endocytic vesicles.

Cerebrospinal Fluid and Arachnoid Space Volume 2: Pathology and Disorders is the first book devoted to the comprehensive clinical anatomy of the cerebrospinal fluid for neurosurgeons, neurologists, and neuroscientists. Knowledge of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the subarachnoid space is necessary for almost all fields of medicine. The book covers a wide swath of topics related to CSF with a focus on topics relevant to neuroscience specialists including researchers, neurologists, neurosurgeons, and neuroradiologists. Topics span from neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, CSF in different disease states and more. Various fresh and fixed cadaveric photographs helps readers obtain a better understanding of anatomy and complications related to CSF.

Molecular and Cellular Therapies for Motor Neuron Diseases discusses the basics of the diseases, also covering advances in research and clinical trials. The book provides a resource for students that will help them learn the basics in a detailed manner that is required for scientists and clinicians. Users will find a comprehensive overview of the background of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS/Lou Gehrig's Disease) and Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), along with the current understanding of their genetics and mechanisms. In addition, the book details gene and cell therapies that have been developed and their translation to clinical trials.

Neuroprotection in Alzheimer's Disease offers a translational point-of-view from both basic and clinical standpoints, putting it on the cusp for further clinical development with its emphasis on nerve cell protection, including the accumulation of knowledge from failed clinical trials and new advances in disease management. This book brings together the latest findings, both basic, and clinical, under the same cover, making it easy for the reader to obtain a complete overview of the state-of-the-field and beyond. Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia, accounting for 60 to 80 percent of dementia cases. It is a progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory, thinking skills, and eventually, even the ability to carry out the simplest tasks. It is characterized by death of synapses coupled to death nerve cells and brain degeneration which is manifested by loss of cognitive abilities. Understanding neuroprotection in Alzheimer's disease will pave the path to better disease management and novel therapeutics.

Stress: Neuroendocrinology and Neurobiology: Handbook of Stress Series, Volume 2, focuses on neuroendocrinology, the discipline that deals with the way that the brain controls hormonal secretion, and in turn, the way that hormones control the brain. There have been significant advances in our understanding of neuroendocrine molecular and epigenetic mechanisms, especially in the way in which stress-induced hormonal and neurochemical changes affect brain plasticity, neuronal connectivity, and synaptic function. The book features the topic of epigenetics, and how it enables stress and other external factors to affect genetic transmission and expression without changes in DNA sequence. Integrated closely with new behavioral findings and relevance to human disorders, the concepts and data in this volume offer the reader cutting-edge information on the neuroendocrinology of stress. Volume 2 is of prime interest to neuroscientists, clinicians, researchers, academics, and graduate students in neuroendocrinology, neuroscience, biomedicine, endocrinology, psychology, psychiatry, and in some areas of the social sciences, including stress and its management in the workplace.

Environmental heat stress is associated with a marked decrease in orthostatic tolerance (OT), which is defined as the ability to stand or sit upright without symptoms of dizziness, lightheadedness, presyncope, or fainting. In most healthy humans, the autonomic nervous system makes rapid and balanced adjustments to heart rate and peripheral blood flow, such that most people are able to stand up "successfully" most of the time, in most environments. The goal of this book is to discuss various aspects of the sympathetic neural response to heat stress, how the sympathetic nervous system coordinates the successful integrative physiological response to orthostasis, and what happens when it encounters both challenges simultaneously. We include overviews of mechanisms of thermoregulation and blood pressure regulation in humans, with particular focus on control of cardiac output and neurovascular control mechanisms during heat stress. We discuss the implications that these changes have for distribution of peripheral blood flow and, in particular, for blood flow to the cerebral circulation. The added stressor of dehydration is also discussed, as it so often goes hand in hand with heat stress. We end with a brief presentation of countermeasures against the decreases in OT with heat stress.

Mathematics for Neuroscientists, Second Edition, presents a comprehensive introduction to mathematical and computational methods used in neuroscience to describe and model neural components of the brain from ion channels to single neurons, neural networks and their relation to behavior. The book contains more than 200 figures generated using Matlab code available to the student and scholar. Mathematical concepts are introduced hand in hand with neuroscience, emphasizing the connection between experimental results and theory.