Stem Cell Laboratory Techniques: A Guide for Researchers and Students introduces the reader to stem cell culture, handling techniques and versatile applications used by researchers. Sections introduce stem cells, including definitions, types and basic use of stem cells in biomedical science research. The book explains laboratory procedures and techniques ranging from the extraction of stem cells from animals, cell seeding and culture, harvest and maintenance of stem cells, stem cell characterization, accurate recording, quality control, and more. In addition, it guides researchers on topics such as transcriptome analysis, proliferation study analysis, and microphysiological study. Final sections cover useful and recent applications in stem cells, such as gene editing techniques and the preparation of stem cells for in vitro study, as well as stem cell lab design and equipment used in the lab. Lastly, human and animal research ethics are discussed.

Hospitalization, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Surgery in Iran: The Lifecycle of Medical Sciences provides a complete understanding of the lifecycle of medicine in the underserved area of Iran. Coverage elucidates the importance of communication between scientists in different countries for the further development of research to advance hospitalization infrastructure, diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and surgery techniques and availability. Using a systematic timeline approach, coverage includes early medical sciences in present day Iran. Each chapter highlights important research, techniques and procedures throughout the lifecycle of medical sciences and includes topics from bloodletting and setting bones, to anesthesia and vaccines. The book's content emphasizes standard protocols based on international recognition to help developing countries adopt newer technologies.

Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis, Part B, Volume 44 in The Enzymes series highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on Mesoporous silica nanoparticle synthesis, Periodic mesoporous organosilica, Nanovalves and other nanomachine-equipped nanoparticles and controlled release, Two-photon light control and photodynamic therapy, Biodegradable PMO nanoparticles, Cationic mesoporous silica and protein delivery, Drug loading, stimuli-responsive delivery and cancer treatment, Animal models and cancer therapy, siRNA delivery and TWIST shutdown for ovarian cancer treatment, and TBC (mesoporous silica nanoparticles and cancer therapy or biodistribution of MSN).

Social Cognition in Psychosis combines current research on phenotypes, neurobiology, and existing evidence on the assessment and treatment of various forms of psychoses. The book presents various treatment options, including assessment approaches, tools and training methods that aid in the rehabilitation of patients with psychotic disorders. Social cognition is a set of psychological processes related to understanding, recognizing, processing and appropriately using social stimuli in one's environment. Individuals with psychotic disorders consistently exhibit impairments in social cognition. As a result, social cognition has been an important target for intervention, with recent efforts trying to enhance early recovery among individuals with psychotic disorders.

Ophthalmic Pathology: The Evolution of Current Concepts examines how our current understanding of morphologic disease, nomenclature and classification over the last century came about. The book explores the historical context and the modern trends of ocular nosology, emphasizing the science of disease classification. Chapters highlight major studies and developments surrounding approximately 50 disorders whose diagnoses are established by pathology, corresponding to a historical road map of current nomenclature, methods of disease classification, and the role of diagnostic morphology. Using a streamlined, highly illustrated format, this book provides a unique historic and evolutionary perspective into current views on the morphology of eye disease.

Human Reproductive and Prenatal Genetics, Second Edition provides application-driven coverage of key topics in human reproductive and prenatal genetics, including genetic control underlying the development of the reproductive tracts and gametogenesis, the genetics of fertilization and implantation, the genetic basis of female and male infertility, as well as genetic and epigenetic aspects of assisted reproduction. Also examined are the genetics and epigenetics of the placenta in normal and abnormal pregnancy, preimplantation genetic diagnosis and screening, and cutting-edge advances in noninvasive prenatal screening, prenatal genetic counseling, and bioethical and medicolegal aspects of relevance in the lab and clinic. This new edition has been fully revised to address new and evolving technologies in human reproductive genetics, with new chapters added on chromatin landscapes and sex determination, genetic alterations of placental development and preeclampsia, metabolism and inflammation in PCOS, pre-implantational genetic testing, maternal genetic disorders, bioethics, and future applications.

When we talk about ozone, the image that most often springs to mind is the ozone layer in the stratosphere that protects us from the sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays. The depletion of this ozone layer increases surface UV levels, making its protection vital. However, ozone pollution can also be detrimental to the health of plants. Among various air pollutants, surface ozone primarily produced photochemically from anthropogenic precursor gases such as nitrous oxide from vehicles and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from solvents is of particular concern due to the significant harm it can pose to both human and ecosystem health. The phytotoxicity of ozone has been shown to impair photosynthesis, reduce gas exchange, induce early leaf senescence (ageing) and hamper growth in both natural vegetation and crops. According to the business-as-usual emission scenario, ozone concentration would be expected to increase in developing countries, causing a negative impact to crop yield and ecosystem health. In this volume of Advanced Botanical Research, we will holistically explore the impact of ozone from micro and macro levels and from local to global levels. We invited researchers from developing countries who could contribute their first-hand research results, especially the impact of ozone on agriculture, which has a real impact on their daily lives.

This book explores how predictive processing, which argues that our brains are constantly generating and updating hypotheses about our external conditions, sheds new light on the nature of the mind. It shows how it is similar to and expands other theoretical approaches that emphasize the active role of the mind and its dynamic function. Offering a complete guide to the philosophical and empirical implications of predictive processing, contributors bring perspectives from philosophy, neuroscience, and psychology. Together, they explore the many philosophical applications of predictive processing and its exciting potential across mental health, cognitive science, neuroscience, and robotics. Presenting an extensive and balanced overview of the subject, The Philosophy and Science of Predictive Processing is a landmark volume within philosophy of mind.

Conceptual Development of Industrial Biotechnology for Commercial Production of Biopharmaceuticals and Vaccines provides insights on how to bring sustainability into biologic drug production. The cumulative facts and figures within in the book are helpful to promoters in monitoring value chain transfer process of super quality biologics for better return in profits. In addition, this is a useful reference for students, researchers and scientists in biotechnology, pharmaceutical science, medical sciences, and the R&D division of biotechnology-based industries. Conceptual development of biotechnology has taken new avenues with the integration of medical sciences, physical science, and engineering, hence this is a timely source. The current global market for vaccines, especially COVID-19, is tremendous. Bivalent oral polio vaccine, diphtheria, tetanus-containing, and measles-containing vaccines have a high demand internationally and recombinant DNA technology and protein engineering are helpful in the production of quality bio-products.

The Teeth of Non-Mammalian Vertebrates: Dentitions for Form, Function, and Feeding, Second Edition is devoted to the teeth and dentitions of living fishes, amphibians, and reptiles. This book presents a comprehensive survey of the wide variety of tooth forms among non-mammalian vertebrates, based on descriptions of approximately 450 species belonging to about 170 families.This latest edition discusses the functional morphology of feeding, the attachment of teeth, and the relationship of tooth form to function, with each chapter accompanied by a comprehensive, up-to-date reference list. Following the descriptions of the teeth and dentitions in each class, four chapters review current topics with considerable research activity: tooth development; tooth replacement; and the structure, formation, and evolution of the dental hard tissues. The Teeth of Non-Mammalian Vertebrates: Dentitions for Form, Function, and Feeding, Second Edition is authored by internationally recognized teachers and researchers in the field. This new edition reflects the resurgence of interest in the dentitions of non-mammalian vertebrates as experimental systems to help understand genetic changes in evolution of teeth and jaws.

Hormonal Cross-Talk, Plant Defense and Development: Plant Biology, Sustainability and Climate Change focuses specifically on plants and their interaction to auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, abscisic acid, jasmonates, brassinosteroids, strigolactones, and the potential those interactions offer for improved plant health and production. Plant hormones (auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, abscisic acid, jasmonates, brassinosteroids, salicylic acid, strigolactones etc.) regulate numerous aspects of plant growth and developmental processes. Each hormone initiates a specific molecular pathway, with each pathway integrated in a complex network of synergistic, antagonistic and additive interactions. This is a valuable reference for those seeking to understand and improve plant health using natural processes. The cross-talks of auxins - abscisic acid, auxins - brassinosteroids, brassinosteroids- abscisic acid, ethylene - abscisic acid, brassinosteroids - ethylene, cytokinins - abscisic acid, brassinosteroids - jasmonates, brassinosteroids - salicylic acid, and gibberellins - jasmonates - strigolactones have been shown to regulate a number of biological processes in plant system. The cross-talk provides robustness to the plant immune system but also drives specificity of induced defense responses against the plethora of biotic and abiotic interactions.