Reprogramming the Genome: Applications of CRISPR-Cas in Non-mammalian Systems Part B, represents the collation of chapters written by eminent scientists worldwide. CRISPR-Cas9 system is an RNA-mediated immune system of bacteria and archaea that protects from bacteriophage infections. It is one of the revolutionized technologies to uplift biology to the next stages. It is a simple, rapid, precise, and cost-effective tool for genome editing and regulation of a wide range of organisms. It has gained scientific and public attention worldwide. This volume mainly covers insect cell line, protozoans, zebrafish, drosophila, CRISPRi, patents as well as technology transfer, and many more. This book is a key source of information available in a single volume. This book will be useful for not only beginners in genome engineering, but also students, researchers, scientists, policymakers, and stakeholders interested in harnessing the potential of reprogramming of the genomes in several areas.

Viral Vectors in Cancer Immunotherapy, Volume 379 in the International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology presents the latest on cancer immunotherapy and how it has transformed cancer treatment through advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapy. Chapters in this new release include Past, present and future of viral vectors in cancer immunotherapy, Alphaviruses in cancer immunotherapy, Adenoviral-based cancer gene therapy, Armored modified vaccinia Ankara in cancer immunotherapy, Strategies of Semliki Forest virus in immuno-oncology, Maraba virus in cancer immunotherapy, Oncolytic viruses in hematological malignancies, Oncolytic virus for cancer therapies: Overview and future directions, and more. The use of genetically modified viruses allows the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules, while the immune system receives danger signals from the viruses themselves. In some cases, the virus can also induce tumor cell death. This book will review advances in virus-based cancer immunotherapy in both solid tumors and hematologic malignancies.

Receptor Endocytosis and Signalling in Health and Disease, Part B, Volume 196 highlights the different aspects of receptor endocytosis and signaling, covering several receptors which are associated with different organs and that play a key role in normal functioning in the body, including somatostatin, Mas receptor, AMPA, Dopamine, 5-HT1-2, GABA, GPCR, nuclear receptor, Integrin, BCR, CRHR1, etc. Chapters in this new release include Internalization of somatostatin receptors in brain and periphery, Mas receptor, signaling and trafficking in health and disease, Endocytosis of AMPA receptors: Role in neurological conditions, Endocytosis of dopamine receptor: Signaling in brain, and more. Additional chapters cover Endocytosis of LXRs: Signalling in liver, Endocytosis of LDL receptor: Importance in cardiovascular diseases, Advances in the molecular level understanding of G-protein-coupled receptor, Nuclear receptor: Structure and function, Integrin receptor trafficking in health and disease, B Cell Receptor (BCR) endocytosis,CRHR1 endocytosis: Spatiotemporal regulation of receptor signaling, and much more.

Integrated Methods in Protein Biochemistry: Part A, Volume 677, the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on topics such as DNA and protein engineering to create protein bioswitches with new functions, Interaction and cross-talk of prelamin A with integral membrane zinc metalloproteases, An experimental protocol to study lipid transfer proteins, Synthesis of small heat shock proteins, Druggable p-p interacting sites for Co-chaperone DNAJA1 and its partner proteins, An experimental protocol for glycoconjugate analysis, Methods for proximity-based biotinylation combined with Mass Spectrometry, and more. Additional chapters cover Synthetic antibody fragments as conformational sensors of protein activation and trafficking, Expression, purification, functional analysis and crystallization of Rag GTPase, Purification of bacterial transcription elongation complexes by photoreversible immobilization, Inhibition of c-Myc-MAX heterodimerization, Fluorogenic RNA aptamers to probe transcription by multi-subunit RNA polymerases, and much more.

Advances in Biomolecular EPR, Volume 666 in the Methods of Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on topics including Magnetic Resonance Characterization of Physiologically Important Metal Ion Binding Sites in the Prion and Related Proteins, The catalytic role of metal-radical/protein-based radicals in heme enzymes, Rigid Cu2+-based spin labels for the study of higher-order DNA G-quadruplex structures, Orthogonal spin labeling and membrane proteins: increasing the information content and going towards in cell applications, Spectroscopic investigation of mono- and di-Mn-containing centers in biochemistry with an emphasis on application of paramagnetic resonance techniques, and more. Additional chapters cover In Vivo pO2 Imaging of Tumors: Oxymetry with Very Low-Frequency Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, an Update, EPR contributions to understanding molybdenum-containing enzymes, EPR spectroscopy of Type I reaction centers, Characterization of a substrate-derived radical in the NosN reaction during the biosynthesis of nosiheptide, and much more.

What Arieh Warshel and fellow 2013 Nobel laureates Michael Levitt and Martin Karplus achieved - beginning in the late 1960s and early 1970s when computers were still very primitive - was the creation of methods and programs that describe the action of biological molecules by 'multiscale models'. In this book, Warshel describes this fascinating, half-century journey to the apex of science.From Kibbutz Fishponds to The Nobel Prize is as much an autobiography as an advocacy for the emerging field of computational science. We follow Warshel through pivotal moments of his life, from his formative years in war-torn Israel in an idealistic kibbutz that did not encourage academic education; to his time in the army and his move to the Technion where he started in his obsession of understanding the catalytic power of enzymes; to his eventual scientific career which took him to the Weizmann Institute, Harvard University, Medical Research Council, and finally University of Southern California. We read about his unique contributions to the elucidation of the molecular basis of biological functions, which are combined with instructive stories about his persistence in advancing ideas that contradict the current dogma, and the nature of his scientific struggle for recognition, both personal and for the field to which he devoted his life. This is, in so many ways, more than just a memoir: it is a profoundly inspirational tale of one man's odyssey from a kibbutz that did not allow him to go to a university to the pinnacle of the scientific world, highlighting that the correct mixture of persistence, talent and luck can lead to a Nobel Prize.

Advances in Microbial Physiology, Volume 150 in this important serial, highlights new advances in the field with this new volume including content by an international board of authors. Chapters in this new release include Organization of respiratory chains in the bacterial cell, Anaerobic methane oxidizing archaea, Dawn of the DedA: the structure and function of the DedA family of integral membrane proteins associated with bacterial viability and antimicrobial resistance, Nickel, an essential virulence determinant of Helicobacter pylori: trafficking pathways and their targeting by bismuth, Dissimilatory sulfur compounds oxidation in thermophilic and chemolithoautotrophic bacteria belonging to the Aquificales order, and much more.

An essential companion for students across a range of disciplines, including biochemistry, biomedical sciences, microbiology and molecular biology throughout your entire degree programme, this sixth edition of Practical Skills in Biomolecular Sciences, has been updated and expanded to provide you with a complete and easy-to-read guide. It's an all-in-one solution for the key practical skills needed for all cellular and molecular life sciences, including: comprehensive coverage of study and examination skills; fundamental laboratory methods; investigative and analytical techniques and analysis and presentation of data. This new edition comes with increased coverage on laboratory skills, new chapters on working with bacteria, eukaryotic microbes and viruses, and on assaying biomolecules, as well as new sections on online learning in a post-COVID world. In addition, 250 new and updated illustrations, tables, and tips - including 25 new 'how to' boxes - have been added, along with numerous end-of-chapter study exercises (with answers provided on the companion website) to support self-evaluation.

Ion Channels Part B, Volume 652 in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on a variety of topics, including NMDAR, Pannexin, and CALHM, Making NaV1.4 and NaV1.7, TRPVs, Purification native nAChRs, GABAR Radu Aricescu, TRPV5/2, NaV1.5, KATP, TRPA1, TREK-1, SARS-CoV-2 3a ion channel, Ion channel conformational dynamics by encoded unnatural amino acid, Fluorescence lifetime measurement of absolute membrane potential, Fluorescent Toxins as Activity Sensors, FRET Analyses of Ion Channel Protein-Protein Interactions, Control of Ion Channel Gating with Photo-Switchable Tweezers, and Counting Subunits in Kv Channel Complexes.

Ion Channels Part A, Volume 651 in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on a variety of new developments on the topic. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors.

Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, Part B, Volume 174 in the Methods in Cell Biology series, highlights advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on timely topics including CT-assisted focal irradiation of tumors in mice, Methods to preserve correct dosimetry in small animal irradiators, Monitoring TGFbeta signaling in irradiated tumors, Cytofluorometric characterization of the lymphoid compartment of irradiated tumors, Cytofluorometric characterization of the myeloid compartment of irradiated tumors, Mass cytometry to characterize the immune infiltrate of irradiated tumors, Characterization of the immune infiltrate in irradiated mouse tumor by multiplex immunofluorescence, and much more. Other chapters cover Methods to study FOXP3+CD8+ cells in irradiated bone metastases, Luminex-based characterization of cytokine signaling by irradiated tumors, Explant-based assessment of anticancer immunity in irradiated tumors, Pipeline to characterize the TCR repertoire of irradiated tumors, Pipeline to identify tumor neoantigens exposed by radiation, and more.

Coenzyme B12 Enzymes, Part B, Volume 169 in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on Structural characterization of cobalamin-dependent radical SAM methylases, Purification and characterization of sequential cobalamin-dependent radical SAM methylases ThnK and TokK in -lactam antibiotic biosynthesis, Characterization of the cobalamin-dependent radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine enzyme C-methyltransferase Fom3 in fosfomycin biosynthesis, Studies of OxsB and GenK, two B12-dependent radical SAM enzymes involved in natural product biosynthesis, Purification and structural elucidation of the cobalamin-dependent radical SAM enzyme OxsB, and more. Other chapters discuss Methods for studying the mechanisms of B12 enzymes, Computational investigations of B12 dependent enzymatic reactions, Using kinetic isotope effects to probe the mechanisms of adenosylcobalamin-dependent enzymes, Steady-state and pre-steady state kinetic analysis of ornithine 4,5-aminomutase, and more.

Carotenoids: Carotenoid and Apocarotenoid Biosynthesis, Metabolic Engineering and Synthetic Biology, Volume 671, the latest release in the Methods of Enzymology series highlights new advances in the field with chapters on Metabolomics-based analysis of carotenoids and related metabolites in various species via quantitative trait loci and genome wide association mapping approaches, Using bacteria for functional analysis of genes encoding carotenoid biosynthetic enzymes, Rice Callus as a High Throughput Platform for Synthetic Biology and Metabolic Engineering of Carotenoids, Transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana: A simple platform to investigate genes encoding carotenoid biosynthesis enzymes from diverse algal lineages, and much more. Additional chapters in this new release cover Protein-protein interaction techniques to investigate post-translational regulation of carotenogenesis, The isolation of sub-chromoplast structures from tomato and capsicum fruit, Carrot protoplasts as a suitable method for protein subcellular localization, High throughput production and characterization of carotenoid enzymes for structural and functional studies, Production and structural characterization of the cytochrome P450 enzymes in carotene ring hydroxylation, and more.

The lymphatic system develops and functions in parallel with the blood circulatory system (termed the "hemovasculature") and accomplishes transport of interstitial fluids, dietary lipids, and reverse transport of cholesterol, immune cells, and antigens-providing a critical homeostatic fluid balance and transmission of immune cells and mediators back to the cardiovascular system. Although the daily flow of lymph (normally 1-2 L/day under unstressed conditions) is far lower than that of daily blood flow (which is 7,500 L/day), without the adequate functioning of the lymphatics, virtually all organs and tissues would acutely suffer many different physical and inflammatory stresses ranging from edema to organ system failure. Although blood and lymphatic vessels often form in anatomic parallels to one another, our knowledge of the workings of the lymphatic system, the fine structure of lymphatic networks, how they function in different organs, and how they are regulated physiologically and immunologically are far from parallel; our knowledge of the lymphatic system still remains at only a tiny fraction of what is understood about the cardiovascular system. Although both the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems are important transport systems, what they transport and how they transport and propel these very different cargoes could not be more dissimilar. This book provides an overview of the history of the discovery (and re-discovery) of the components of the lymphatic system, lymphatic anatomy, physiological functions of lymphatics, molecular features of the lymphatic system, and clinical perspectives involving lymphatics which may be of interest to scientists, clinicians, patients, and the lay public. We provide a current understanding of some of the more important structural similarities and differences between lymphatics and the blood vascular system, their coordinated control by angiogenic and hemangiogenic growth factors and other modulators, the fate and lineage determinants which control lymphatic development, and the roles that lymphatics may play in several different diseases.

Chromatin and DNA Repair in Cancer, Volume 364 in the International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology series reviews and details current advances in cell and molecular biology. Chapters in this new release cover Genomic Instability and metabolism in cancer, Histones variants and Histones modifications in cancer and Aging, DNA Double-stranded breaks Repair in Cancer, Reactive oxygen species and DNA damage response in cancer, Transcription-Associated DNA Breaks and Cancer: A Matter of DNA Topology, Mechanisms of Base Excision Repair: Its Significance to Human Health, and more. The IRCMB series has a worldwide readership, maintaining a high standard by publishing invited articles on important and timely topics that are authored by prominent cell and molecular biologists. The articles published in IRCMB have a high impact and an average cited half-life of 9 years. This great resource ranks high amongst scientific journals dealing with cell biology.

One, No One, One Hundred Thousand - The Multifaceted Role of Macrophages in Health and Disease - Part B, Volume 369 provides in-depth reviews on the last progresses on the role of macrophages in health and diseases, with a special focus on the role of macrophages during development. New chapters cover The role of salivary gland macrophages in infection, disease and repair, Reprogramming or replacing brain macrophages to treat neurodegenerative disease, Targeting macrophages for cancer immunotherapy, Heart Macrophages at steady-state and disease: simple bystanders or active players?, Macrophages in the liver, and Developmental programming of macrophages.