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Books > Social sciences > Psychology > Philosophy & theory of psychology
Until recently, scientific and literary cultures have existed
side-by-side but most often in parallel universes, without
connection. The Trickster Brain: Neuroscience, Evolution, and
Nature by David Williams addresses the premise that humans are a
biological species stemming from the long process of evolution, and
that we do exhibit a universal human nature, given to us through
our genes. From this perspective, literature is shown to be a
product of our biological selves. By exploring central ideas in
neuroscience, evolutionary biology, linguistics, music, philosophy,
ethics, religion, and history, Williams shows that it is the
circuitry of the brain's hard-wired dispositions that continually
create similar tales around the world: "archetypal" stories
reflecting ancient tensions that arose from our evolutionary past
and the very construction of our brains. The book asserts that to
truly understand literature, one must look at the biological
creature creating it. By using the lens of science to examine
literature, we can see how stories reveal universal aspects of the
biological mind. The Trickster character is particularly
instructive as an archetypal character who embodies a raft of human
traits and concerns, for Trickster is often god, devil, musical,
sexual, silver tongued, animal, and human at once, treading upon
the moral dictates of culture. Williams brings together science and
the humanities, demonstrating a critical way of approaching
literature that incorporates scientific thought.
The authors describe a view that our short-, medium-, and long-
term behavior, interactions, and relationships--whether planned or
spontaneous, purposeful or playful--can be understood in terms of
goal-directed systems. An understanding of action theory and
research methods used in applied settings is provided. It leads to
the conclusion that individual processes are joint processes and
the joint construction of lives should be monitored to understand
ongoing personal and social involvements.
The unique contribution of this book lies in its bringing
together and extending of basic features of the theory of
goal-directed action systems previously published in a range of
scattered research and conceptual articles in the literature.
Professionals including clinicians, counselors, social workers,
researchers, doctors, nurses, and physical or occupational
therapists will find in this book an accessible means to
understand, act on, research, and intervene in the behavioral
processes they encounter in everyday work.
Robert N. McCauley and E. Thomas Lawson are considered the founders
of the field of the cognitive science of religion. Since its
inception over twenty years ago, the cognitive science of religion
has raised questions about the philosophical foundations and
implications of such a scientific approach. This volume from
McCauley, including chapters co-authored by Lawson, is the first
book-length project to focus on such questions, resulting in a
compelling volume that addresses fundamental questions that any
scholar of religion should ask. The essays collected in this volume
are those that initially defined this scientific field for the
study of religion. These essays deal with issues of methodology,
reductionism, resistance to the scientific study of religion, and
other criticisms that have been lodged against the cognitive
science of religion. The new final chapter sees McCauley reflect on
developments in this field since its founding. Tackling these
debates head on and in one place for the first time, this volume
belongs on the shelf of every researcher interested in this now
established approach to the study of religion within a range of
disciplines, including religious studies, philosophy, anthropology
and the psychology of religion.
Wagman gives a broad, structured, and detailed account of
advancing intellectual developments in both psychological and
computational theories of the nature of problem- solving. Known for
originating the PLATO computer-based Dilemma Counseling System,
psychologist Wagman is the author of 17 books, including
"Scientific Discovery Processes in Humans and Computers "(Praeger,
2000).
In this book, Professor Emeritus Morton Wagman gives a broad,
structured, and detailed account of advancing intellectual
developments in both psychological and computational theories of
the nature of problem solving. Known for originating the PLATO
computer-based Dilemma Counseling System, psychologist Wagman is
the author of 17 books, including "Scientific Discovery Processes
in Humans and Computers, "(Praeger, 2000)
Of special interest to readers will be Wagman's conclusion that
artificial intelligence problem-solving systems are deepening and
broadening theories of human problem solving from scientific to
everyday approaches. Scholars and professionals in psychology,
artificial intelligence, and cognitive science will consider this a
volume a valuable addition to their collections.
This book provides an introduction to nineteen popular multiple
intelligences. Part One discusses general intelligence,
psychological testing, naturalistic intelligence, social
intelligence, emotional intelligence, interpersonal intelligence,
and cultural intelligence. Part Two tackles machine intelligence,
the development of artificial intelligence, computational
intelligence, and digital intelligence, or the ability for humans
to adapt to a digital environment. Finally, Part Three discusses
the role of intelligence in business development, using technology
to augment intelligence, abstract thinking, swarm and animal
intelligence, military intelligence, and musical intelligence. A
Primer on Multiple Intelligences is a must-read for graduate
students or scholars considering researching cognition, perception,
motivation, and artificial intelligence. It will also be of use to
those in social psychology, computer science, and pedagogy. It is
as a valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about
the multifaceted study of intelligence.
In A Theory of Environmental Leadership, Mark Manolopoulos draws on
his original model of leading outlined in his cutting-edge book
Following Reason to derive and develop the first properly
systematic model of eco-leadership. Suppose humanity's relation
with the Earth may be described in terms of leadership "stages" or
modalities: once upon a time, the Earth led or ruled humanity, and
now we humans rule or lead the Earth. When the Earth led, the Earth
flourished; now that humankind leads, the Earth flounders -
ecological crises multiply and intensify. However, there might be a
third stage or modality of leadership: humanity leading for the
Earth, leading in a way that allows the world, including humans, to
re-flourish. What would be the nature of this truly environmental
form of leadership? A Theory of Environmental Leadership identifies
and critically analyzes the two basic and incompatible positions
associated with the way we construe and interact with the
non-human: anthropocentrism (human supremacism) and ecocentrism
(ecological egalitarianism). By rigorously analyzing and leveraging
this polarity, this book outlines an innovative theory of
eco-leadership together with some of its confronting-but-necessary
measures. Expansive and incredibly timely, A Theory of
Environmental Leadership is ideal for a range of audiences, from
scholars and students of environmental leadership studies to
activists and policymakers. The book's remarkable clarity and
engaging character also makes it suitable for the general public.
The concept of resistance has always been central to the reception
of Hegel's philosophy. The prevalent image of Hegel's system, which
continues to influence the scholarship to this day, is that of an
absolutist, monist metaphysics which overcomes all resistance,
sublating or assimilating all differences into a single organic
'Whole'. For that reason, the reception of Hegel has always been
marked by the question of how to resist Hegel: how to think that
which remains outside of or other to the totalizing system of
dialectics. In recent years the work of scholars such as Catherine
Malabou, Slavoj Zizek, Rebecca Comay and Frank Ruda has brought
considerable nuance to this debate. A new reading of Hegel has
emerged which challenges the idea that there is no place for
difference, otherness or resistance in Hegel, both by refusing to
reduce Hegel's complex philosophy to a straightforward systematic
narrative and by highlighting particular moments within Hegel's
philosophy which seem to counteract the traditional understanding
of dialectics. This book brings together established and new voices
in this field in order to show that the notion of resistance is
central to this revaluation of Hegel.
This second European edition of this classic textbook brings the
exceptional introduction to organizational behaviour written by the
masters of the subject, and adapts it to meet the needs of students
studying in Europe today. Fully updated and revised, this
adaptation continues the tradition of making current, relevant
research come alive for students, while maintaining its hallmark
features - clear writing style, cutting-edge content and compelling
pedagogy. This new edition offers real-life examples drawn from a
global range of organizations including Google, Cadbury, Apple,
Capital One, Microsoft, Lego, Ferrari and more, plus up-to-date
insights into the latest research and hot topics from across the
world. Key features include: 'Myth or science?' boxes, which
provide repeated evidence that common sense can often lead us
astray in the attempt to understand human behaviour, and that
behavioural research offers a means for testing the validity of
common-sense notions. 'OB in the news' which prepares students to
recognise and evaluate OB issues which often appear in the news
when presented with them in newspapers, magazines, TV, etc. 'Face
the facts': these boxes highlight interesting facts from recent
surveys that emphasise key aspects of the text. For example,
diversity across Europe, the extent of employee engagement, and the
popularity of working in teams. "As a whole, the content of the
book is strong, and is well-structured with a European focus."
Mohammad Lafiti, Uppsala University, Sweden
Entrepreneurial cognition research is at a crossroads, where static
views give way to dynamic approaches. This Handbook draws on a
variety of perspectives from experts in the field of
entrepreneurial cognition to highlight the key elements in a
socially-situated view, where cognition is action-oriented,
embodied, socially-situated, and distributed. It provides readers
with some of the most up-to-date approaches to entrepreneurial
cognition research and is designed to be an invaluable and
timesaving companion for entrepreneurial cognition researchers.
With insights from leading entrepreneurial cognition researchers
the Handbook offers a comprehensive literature review of the field.
Readers seeking to better understand and participate in some of the
most up-to-date approaches to entrepreneurial cognition research
will find this Handbook to be especially helpful in their research.
Established scholars who are new to the research area will also be
interested in this book. University libraries with research-focused
business schools will also benefit from this Handbook.
Contributors: R.A. Baron, D.A. Baucus, M.S. Baucus, B. Bird, M.
Brannback, M.S. Cardon, A.L. Carsrud, E.T. Chan, J.S. Clarke, A.C.
Corbett, J.P. Cornelissen, M. Drnovsek, M-D. Foo, D.P. Forbes, D.A.
Gregoire, M. Hayek, J.S. McMullen, J.R. Mitchell, R.K. Mitchell,
C.Y. Murnieks, L.E. Palich, B. Randolph-Seng, M.R. Ryan, S.D.
Sarasvathy, A. Slavec, W.A. Williams, Jr., M.S. Wood, M.A. Zachary
In this book, a multidisciplinary and international selection of
Jungian clinicians and academics discuss some of the most
compelling issues in contemporary politics. Presented in five
parts, each chapter offers an in-depth and timely discussion on
themes including migration, climate change, walls and boundaries,
future developments, and the psyche. Taken together, the book
presents an account of current thinking in their psychotherapeutic
community as well as the role of practitioners in working with the
results of racism, forced relocation, colonialism, and ecological
damage. Ultimately, this book encourages analysts, scholars,
psychotherapists, sociologists, and students to actively engage in
shaping current and future political, socio-economic, and cultural
developments in this increasingly complex and challenging time.
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