Technical advances in probing surface chemistry with photoelectron spectroscopy under ambient pressures and at buried interfaces enables us to capture information on the chemical state under conditions close to real life applications. Meanwhile time-resolved XAS and XES provide the capability of capturing snapshots of the electronic structure of surface states in the femtosecond time regime allowing us to probe reaction pathways with unprecedented precision. There is also a transformation in access to these techniques. These new approaches are changing our understanding of surface chemistry in an extremely diverse range of applications, from device manufacture to in-vivo sensing to catalysis. It is very timely to consider this new knowledge emerging and explore the potential applications of these tools to other areas. Join international leaders in the field as they explore and exchange ideas about the key aspects of surface science, helping to develop the roadmap to shape the surface chemistry landscape for the years ahead. The topics covered include: In-situ methods: discoveries and challenges Buried interfaces Time resolved surface analysis (kinetic and molecular timescales) Future directions

Nanocomposite Structures and Dispersions deals with the preparation of gelled, branched and crosslinked nanostructured polymers in the solution free radical polymerization and controlled/living radical polymerization and polymer and composite nanoparticles and nanostructures in disperse systems, the kinetics of direct and inverse disperse polymerizations (microemulsion, miniemulsion, emulsion, dispersion and suspension polymerization), the bottom-up approach building of functionalized nanoparticles, modelling of radical microemulsion polymerization, the characterization of traditional and non-traditional polymer dispersions, the collective properties of nanomaterials and their (bio)applications. This book is designed to bridge that gap and offers several unique features. First, it is written as an introduction to and survey of nanomaterials with a careful balance between basics and advanced topics. Thus, it is suitable for both beginners and experts, including graduate and upper-level undergraduate students. Second, it strives to balance the colloidal aspects of nanomaterials with physical principles. Third, the book highlights nanomaterial based architectures including composite or hybrid conjugates rather than only isolated nanoparticles. A number of ligands have been utilized to biodecorate the polymer and composite nanocarriers. Finally, the book provides an in depth discussion of important examples of reaction mechanisms of bottom-up building of functionalized nanoparticles, or potential applications of nanoarchitectures, ranging from physical to chemical and biological systems.

Quantum theory and computational chemistry have become integral to the fields of chemistry, chemical engineering, and materials chemistry. Concepts of chemical bonding, band structure, material properties, and interactions between light and matter at the molecular scale tend to be expressed in the framework of orbital theory, even when numerical calculations go beyond simple orbital models. Yet, the connections between these theoretical models and experimental observations are often unclear. It is important-now more than ever-that students master quantum theory if they are going to apply chemical concepts. In this book, Jochen Autschbach connects the abstract with the concrete in an elegant way, creating a guiding text for scholars and students alike. Quantum Theory for Chemical Applications covers the quantum theory of atoms, molecules, and extended periodic systems. Autschbach goes beyond standard textbooks by connecting the molecular and band structure perspectives, covering response theory, and more. The book is broken into four parts: Basic Theoretical Concepts; Atomic, Molecular, and Crystal Orbitals; Further Basic Concepts of Quantum Theory; and Advanced Topics, such as relativistic quantum chemistry and molecule-light interactions. The foresight Autschbach provides is immense, and he sets up a solid theoretical background for nearly every quantum chemistry method used in contemporary research. Because quantum theory tells us what the electrons do in atoms, molecules, and extended systems, the pages in this book are full of answers to questions both long-held and never-before considered.

Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy, Volume 97, provides an in-depth accounting of progress in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and its many applications. In recent years, no other technique has gained as much significance. It is used in all branches of science in which precise structural determination is required, and in which the nature of interactions and reactions in solution is being studied. This book has established itself as a premier resource for both specialists and non-specialists who are looking to become familiar with new techniques and applications pertaining to NMR spectroscopy.

Single-Atom Catalysis: A Forthcoming Revolution in Chemistry reviews the latest developments, including whether or not this technology can become a technically and economically viable choice and whether existing challenges can be overcome to encourage its uptake. Beginning with an introduction to single-atom catalysis and current developments in the field, the book then reviews its role in potentially disruptive technologies, with a particular focus on applications in synthetic organic chemistry, solar hydrogen technologies and low platinum/platinum-free fuel cells. Other sections cover the steps needed for single-atom catalysis to become an industrially viable technology and its future outlook. Based on the extensive experience of its award-winning author, this book provides an authoritative guide on this novel approach.

The growth of technology for chemical assessment has led to great developments in the investigation of chemical reactivity in recent years, but key information is often dispersed across many different research fields. Exploring both traditional and advanced methods, Chemical Reactivity, Volume 2: Approaches and Applications present the latest approaches and strategies for the computational assessment of chemical reactivity. Following an insightful introduction, the book begins with an overview of conformer searching techniques before progressing to explore numerous different techniques and methods, including confined environments, quantum similarity descriptors, volume-based thermodynamics and polarizability. A unified approach to the rules of aromaticity is followed by methods for assessing interaction energies and the role of electron density for varied different analyses. Algorithms for confirmer searching, partitioning and a whole range of quantum chemical methods are also discussed. Consolidating the knowledge of a global team of experts in the field, Chemical Reactivity, Volume 2: Approaches and Applications is a useful resource for both students and researchers interested in applying and refining their use of the latest approaches for assessing chemical reactivity in their own work.

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs): Commercialization Prospects guides the reader through the various steps in the conceptualization, design, preparation and innovative applications of molecularly imprinted polymers while also demystifying the challenges relating to commercialization. Sections cover molecularly imprinted polymers, design, modeling, compositions and material selection. Other sections describe novel methods and discuss the challenges relating to the use of molecularly imprinted polymers in specific application areas. The final chapters of the book explore the current situation in terms of patents and commercialized materials based on MIPs, as well as prospects and possible opportunities. This is a valuable resource for all those with an interest in the development, application, and commercialization of molecularly imprinted polymers, including researchers and advanced students in polymer science, polymer chemistry, nanotechnology, materials science, chemical engineering, and biomedicine, as well as engineers, scientists and R&D professionals with an interest in MIPs for advanced applications.

Contemporary Catalysis: Fundamentals and Current Applications deals with the fundamentals and modern practical applications of catalysis. Topics addressed include historical development and the importance of heterogeneous catalysis in the modern world, surfaces and adsorption, the catalyst (preparation and characterization), the reactor (integral and differential reactors, etc.), and an introduction to spectroscopic and thermal characterization techniques. Building on this foundation, the book continues with chapters on important industrial processes, potential processes and separate chapters on syngas production, Fischer Tropsch synthesis, petroleum refining, environmental protection, and biomass conversion. Contemporary Catalysis is an essential resource for chemists, physical chemists, and chemical engineers, as well as graduate and post graduate students in catalysis and reaction engineering.

Microbial processes are involved in food, chemical, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, energy, and new-material industries. Over the past 2 decades, new or more efficient industrial processes involving microorganisms have been launched, yielding purer, less expensive products or substances not available using classical chemical methods. Microbial Bioprocesses aims to give an overview of established and successful processes and discusses the trends and perspectives in industrial microbiology which, along with tremendous progress in genetic and metabolic engineering in recent years, are once again becoming an area of innovation and emerging technologies. Microbial Bioprocesses covers the unique areas like microbial volatiles (MVOCs), microbial bioinoculant development, bacterial nanocelluloses production, and processes for remediation by fungi and actinobacteria.

Handbook of Natural Polymers, Volume One: Sources, Synthesis, and Characterization is a comprehensive resource covering extraction and processing methods for polymers from natural sources, with an emphasis on the latest advances. Sections cover the current state-of-the-art, challenges and opportunities in natural polymers. Following sections cover extraction, synthesis and characterization methods organized by polymer type. Along with broad chapters discussing approaches to starch-based and polysaccharide-based polymers, dedicated chapters offer in-depth information on nanocellulose, chitin and chitosan, gluten, alginate, natural rubber, gelatin, pectin, lignin, keratin, gutta percha, shellac, silk, wood, casein, albumin, collagen, hemicellulose, polyhydroxyalkanoates, zein, soya protein, and gum. Final chapters explore other key themes, including filler interactions and properties in natural polymer-based composites, biocompatibility and cytotoxicity, and biodegradability, life cycle, and recycling. Throughout the book, information is supported by data, and guidance is offered regarding potential scale-up and industry factors.

Computational Quantum Chemistry: Insights into Polymerization Reactions consolidates extensive research results, couples them with computational quantum chemistry (CQC) methods applicable to polymerization reactions, and presents those results systematically. CQC has advanced polymer reaction engineering considerably for the past two decades. The book puts these advances into perspective. It also allows you to access the most up-to-date research and CQC methods applicable to polymerization reactions in a single volume. The content is rigorous yet accessible to graduate students as well as researchers who need a reference of state-of-the-art CQC methods with polymerization applications.

Photochemistry and Photophysics of Coordination Compounds: Fundamentals and Applications provides a systematic overview of the photochemical and photophysical properties of coordination compounds with different metal cores. Beginning with a clear introduction to the fundamentals of both photochemistry and coordination chemistry, the book goes on to outline the photochemical and photophysical properties of a large range of coordination compounds, clustering metal cores together in chapters according to their period table group, ranging across Transition metals, Lanthanides and Actinides. In addition to outlining their properties, each chapter discusses the synthesis, current applications and future potential of coordination compounds in each group. Drawing on the experience of a global team of experts, this book is an authoritative guide for all those interested in understanding and harnessing the photochemical properties and potential applications of coordination complexes for their own work.

Novel Magnetic Nanostructures: Unique Properties and Applications reviews the synthesis, design, characterization and unique properties of emerging nanostructured magnetic materials. It discusses the most promising and relevant applications, including data storage, spintronics and biomedical applications. Properties investigated include electronic, self-assembling, multifunctional, and magnetic properties, along with magnetic phenomena. Structures range from magnetic nanoclusters, nanoparticles, and nanowires, to multilayers and self-assembling nanosystems. This book provides a better understanding of the static and dynamic magnetism in new nanostructures for important applications.

Advances in Biomembranes and Lipid Self-Assembly, formerly titled Advances in Planar Lipid Bilayers and Liposomes, provides a global platform for a broad community of experimental and theoretical researchers studying cell membranes, lipid model membranes, and lipid self-assemblies from the micro- to the nanoscale. Planar lipid bilayers are widely studied due to their ubiquity in nature, also finding application in the formulation of biomimetic model membranes. Section topics in this release cover Ras Proteolipid nano-assemblies on the plasma membrane, gold nanomaterials, recent advances in cancer theranostics, and the interactions of flavonoids with lipidic mesophases, amongst other highly resourceful topics. Self-assembled lipid structures have enormous potential as dynamic materials, ranging from artificial lipid membranes, to cell membranes, from biosensing, to controlled drug delivery, and from pharmaceutical formulations, to novel food products, to name a few. This series represents both original research and comprehensive reviews written by world-leading experts and young researchers.

Encyclopedia of Materials: Plastics and Polymers, Four Volume Set covers plastics and polymeric materials, including their fundamental properties, current and potential future application areas in various private, public, commercial and industrial sectors, and their biodegradability, reusability and disposability. As well as covering all aspects of the science and applications of plastics and polymers, the book expounds on newer developments, including up-to-date articles and knowledge. In addition, the detrimental environmental effects of plastics and polymers are included, along with expertly-written articles that shed light on composites of macro, micro- and nano-particle sized plastic and polymeric materials and biodegradable natural or synthetic materials. This encyclopedia will be most valuable to researchers working at the interface between materials science/chemistry and materials engineering, as well as advanced undergraduates who need to quickly understand a broad range of foundational concepts and the developments that have taken place over time.

Chemical modelling covers a wide range of disciplines, and this book is the first stop for any chemist, materials scientist, biochemist, or molecular physicist wishing to acquaint themselves with major developments in the applications and theory of chemical modelling. Containing both comprehensive and critical reviews, it is a convenient reference to the current literature. Coverage includes, but is not limited to, considerations towards rigorous foundations for the natural-orbital representation of molecular electronic transitions, quantum and classical embedding schemes for optical properties, machine learning for excited states, ultrafast and wave function-based electron dynamics, and attosecond chemistry.