International Review of Cytology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology both plant and animal. Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for future research.

Master Medicine: Physiology is brief and accessible, approached from the point of view of what you will need to know in order to understand the clinical work you will eventually be doing. It includes a wide range of self-assessment material, ideal for testing your understanding, and helping you to prepare for your exams. Concise synoptic (not telegraphic text). Appropriate self-assessment material. Only covers core, so student knows the whole book is essential. Includes key objectives. Contains simple and memorable diagrams for reproduction in exams. Ideal for learning as well as examination review, specifically trying to stimulate the student into assessing his/her own knowledge. The books in the series both complement other available major texts, but also contain enough material to stand in the own right. Provides examination practice. Part of co-ordinated series.

Eye-movement recording has become the method of choice in a wide variety of disciplines investigating how the mind and brain work. This volume brings together recent, high-quality eye-movement research from many different disciplines and, in doing so, presents a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in eye-movement research.
Sections include the history of eye-movement research, physiological and clinical studies of eye movements, transsaccadic integration, computational modelling of eye movements, reading, spoken language processing, attention and scene perception, and eye-movements in natural environments.
* Includes recent research from a variety of disciplines
* Divided into sections based on topic areas, with an overview chapter beginning each section
* Through the study of eye movements we can learn about the human mind, and eye movement recording has become the method of choice in many disciplines

MicroRNAs as the endogenous mediators of RNA interference have experienced an unprecedented career in recent years, highlighting their pathogenic, diagnostic and potential therapeutic relevance. Beside tissue microRNAs, they are also found in body fluids, most notably in blood. Significant differences of circulating microRNA levels have been found in various diseases, making them candidates for minimally invasive markers of disease, for example tumor malignancy. The book focuses on the potential diagnostic applicability of circulating microRNAs in various diseases and their potential biological significance.

There have been tremendous strides in cellular transplantation in recent years, leading to accepted practice for the treatment of certain diseases, and use for many others in trial phases. The long history of cellular transplantation, or the transfer of cells from one organism or region of the body to another, has been revolutionized by advances in stem cell research, as well as developments in gene therapy.
Cellular Transplants: From Lab to Clinic provides a thorough foundation of the basic science underpinning this exciting field, expert overviews of the state-of-the-art, and detailed description of clinical success stories to date, as well as insights into the road ahead. As highlighted by this timely and authoritative survey, scale-up technologies and whole organ transplantation are among the hurdles representing the next frontier.
The contents are organized into four main sections, with the first covering basic biology, including transplant immunology, the use of immunosuppressive drugs, stem cell biology, and the development of donor animals for transplantation. The next part looks at peripheral and reconstructive applications, followed by a section devoted to transplantation for diseases of the central nervous system. The last part presents efforts to address the key challenges ahead, such as identifying novel transplantable cells and integrating biomaterials and nanotechnology with cell matrices.
- Provides detailed description of clinical trials in cell transplantation
- Review of current therapeutic approaches
- Coverage of the broad range of diseases addressed by cell therapeutics
- Discussion of stem cell biology and its role in transplantation

International Review of Cytology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology both plant and animal. Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for future research. This volume contains articles on Mechanism of Depolymerization and Severing of Actin Filaments and Its Significance in Cytoskeletal Dynamics; Biology of Polycomb and Thrithorax Group Proteins; Cell and Molecular Biology of Transthyretin and Thyroid Hormones; and Development and Role of Tight Junctions in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium.

Pathological heart rhythms are a major health issue. In this book experts from various fields provide an important context for understanding the complicated molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie normal and pathophysiological cardiac rhythms.

Individual chapters cover a full range of topics, including the ionic basis of pacemaking, the role of specific channels and transporters in sinoatrial node pacemaking, altered intracellular Ca2+ handling in response to disease, computer modeling of the action potentials of pacemaker and working cardiomyocytes, genetic and molecular basis of inherited arrhythmias and a review of established and novel antiarrhythmic agents. Due to the key importance of the specialized pacemaker cells and tissue (sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes) in maintaining heart rate and rhythm, special emphasis is placed on the peculiar electrophysiology of these cells.

This bibliography contains references to material in the field of behavioral teratology--a hybrid between psychology, with its emphasis on behavior, and teratology, which emphasizes factors interfering with normal development. Abel includes entries published prior to 1985 that deal with the effects of prenatal exposure to drugs, environmental pollutants, x-rays, and other detrimental influences on behavior after birth. The entries are arranged first by type of agent and then alphabetically by author. Each item is numbered consecutively and is referred to by number in the Subject Index. An introduction provides background material on the field.

Over the past 10 years, work on acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has become the paradigm of translational research that began with the discovery of a recurrent chromosomal translocation, followed by the identification of the genes and proteins involved, finding their molecular functions in transcriptional control, establishing mouse models and culminating in the development of targeted therapy.

This book is an organized approach to understanding bone growth and disease. It integrates anatomic and radiologic knowledge of enchondral and membranous bone growth and emphasizes the similarities of the physis and acrophysis in development. The artwork, jointly produced by artist and author, illustrates the concepts described. The identification of abnormality is aided by the explanations of the causes in terms of pattern recognition.

In "RNA Mapping- Methods and Protocols" expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used to study RNA. These include protocols for the consequence of the emerging interest in the characterization of cellular RNAs urged by their potential use as diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets. In particular, the biological relevance of microRNAs in human physiology and disease development is highlighted in the 16 chapters focused on methods for their physical and functional mapping. Written in the highly successful "Methods in Molecular Biology" series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.

Authoritative and practical, "RNA Mapping- Methods and Protocols" provides instruction and inspiration for scientists who are facing the challenges of the discovery and/or functional characterization of RNA molecules for a wide variety of applications ranging from novel biomedical diagnostics to therapeutics and biomaterials.

This updated edition is a comprehensive treatise that spans the complete range of basic biochemistry of bone and cartilage components to the clinical evaluation of disease markers in bone and joint disorders. With contributions from over 75 international experts, this latest edition is indispensable reading for those involved in skeletal research as well as for rheumatologists, endocrinologists, clinical biochemists, and other clinical disciplines participating in the management of patients with bone and cartilage diseases.
*Part I provides an up-to-date account of current knowledge of the structure, biosynthesis and molecular biology of the major tissue components
*Part II covers the organizational structure and cellular metabolism of bone and cartilage
*Part III deals with the utility of components specific to bone and cartilage as biomarkers of health and disease

This book provides the first clinically comprehensive and practical approach to ethical challenges in perinatal medicine.The first chapter introduces and explains the professional responsibility model of perinatal ethics.The professional responsibility model is based on the medical ethics of two major physician-ethics in the history of Western medical ethics, Dr. John Gregory (1724-1773) of Scotland and Dr. Thomas Percival (1740-1804) of England.The professional responsibility model is used to articulate the ethical concept of the fetus as a patient and to operationalize the ethical principles of beneficence and respect for autonomy.The book provides practical guidance for clinical judgment and decision making with patients about the responsible clinical management of the wide range of issues encountered by perinatologists in clinical practice and research.Topics included: periviability; feticide; intrapartum management; maternal-fetal conflict; innovation for fetal benefit; research for fetal benefit; non-aggressive obstetric management; managing the transition from pregnancy to birth; destructive procedures such as cephalocentesis; critical care for the pregnant patient; home birth; patient-choice cesarean delivery; neonatal care as a trial of management; and setting limits on neonatal care on the basis of clinical judgments of futility.

The CCN family of genes currently comprises six secreted proteins (designated CCN16 i.e., Cyr61/CCN1; ctgf/CCN2; Nov/CCN3; WISP1/CCN4; WISP2/CCN5, and WISP3/CCN6) showing a strikingly conserved primary structure, with four modules sharing partial identity with IGF binding proteins, Von Willebrand protein, thrombospondin and several matricellular proteins and growth factors. The current view is that CCN proteins modulate signaling pathways that involve regulatory components of the extracellular matrix. As such, they likely act as a central hub in the regulation of mitosis, adhesion, apoptosis, extracellular matrix production, growth arrest and migration of multiple cell types. The 5th international workshop on the CCN family of genes, that was held in Toronto in 2008 brought together scientists from around the world who have an interest in the biological roles of this emerging family of proteins. On an educational point of view, the workshop was a unique place for an efficient diffusion of scientific information. The present book comprises a series of selected manuscripts that are based on the original communications that were presented at the meeting by worldwide leaders in the field of CCN biology. All major aspects of CCN proteins biology in both normal and pathological conditions are covered in this volume, from structure-functions analysis up to the involvement of CCN proteins in complex physiological functions. In addition to reports that support the Yin-Yang concept of CCN proteins driving opposite effects on the same biological process, this book also comprises several contributions that point to CCN proteins as amenable targets for therapeutic manipulation of disease processes. Together with the special issue of Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling in which authors have extended on the original data presented at the meeting, the present Proceedings provide an instant picture and unique update of the state of the art in the CCN field.

Population genomics is a recently emerged discipline, which aims at understanding how evolutionary processes influence genetic variation across genomes. Today, in the era of cheaper next-generation sequencing, it is no longer as daunting to obtain whole genome data for any species of interest and population genomics is now conceivable in a wide range of fields, from medicine and pharmacology to ecology and evolutionary biology. However, because of the lack of reference genome and of enough "a priori" data on the polymorphism, population genomics analyses of populations will still involve higher constraints for researchers working on non-model organisms, as regards the choice of the genotyping/sequencing technique or that of the analysis methods. Therefore, "Data Production and Analysis in Population Genomics" purposely puts emphasis on protocols and methods that are applicable to species where genomic resources are still scarce. It is divided into three convenient sections, each one tackling one of the main challenges facing scientists setting up a population genomics study. The first section helps devising a sampling and/or experimental design suitable to address the biological question of interest. The second section addresses how to implement the best genotyping or sequencing method to obtain the required data given the time and cost constraints as well as the other genetic resources already available, Finally, the last section is about making the most of the (generally huge) dataset produced by using appropriate analysis methods in order to reach a biologically relevant conclusion. Written in the successful "Methods in Molecular Biology " series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, advice on methodology and implementation, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.

Authoritative and easily accessible, "Data Production and Analysis in Population Genomics" serves a wide readership by providing guidelines to help choose and implement the best experimental or analytical strategy for a given purpose.

This book collects the state-of-art and new trends in image analysis and biomechanics. It covers a wide field of scientific and cultural topics, ranging from remodeling of bone tissue under the mechanical stimulus up to optimizing the performance of sports equipment, through the patient-specific modeling in orthopedics, microtomography and its application in oral and implant research, computational modeling in the field of hip prostheses, image based model development and analysis of the human knee joint, kinematics of the hip joint, micro-scale analysis of compositional and mechanical properties of dentin, automated techniques for cervical cell image analysis, and biomedical imaging and computational modeling in cardiovascular disease.

The book will be of interest to researchers, Ph.D students, and graduate students with multidisciplinary interests related to image analysis and understanding, medical imaging, biomechanics, simulation and modeling, experimental analysis

Each title in the new Integrated series focuses on the core knowledge in a specific basic science discipline, while linking that information to related concepts from other disciplines. Case-based questions at the end of each chapter enable you to gauge your mastery of the material, and a color-coded format allows you to quickly find the specific guidance you need. Bonus STUDENT CONSULT access - included with the text - allows you to conveniently access the book's content online * clip content to your handheld device * link to content in other STUDENT CONSULT titles * and more! These concise and user-friendly references provide crucial guidance for the early years of medical training, as well as for exam preparation. Includes case-based questions at the end of each chapter Features a colour-coded format to facilitate quick reference and promote effective retention Offers access to STUDENT CONSULT! At www.studentconsult.com, you'll find the complete text and illustrations of the book online, fully searchable * "Integration Links" to bonus content in other STUDENT CONSULT titles * content clipping for handheld devices * an interactive community center with a wealth of additional resources * and much more!

The fields of biological and medical physics and biomedical engineering are broad, multidisciplinary and dyanmic. They lie at the crossroads of frontier - search in physics, biology, chemistry, and medicine. The Biological & Me- cal Physics/Biomedical Engineering Series is intended to be comprehensive, covering a broad range of topics important to the study of the physical, che- cal and biological sciences. Its goal is to provide scientists and engineers with textbooks, monographs, and reference works to address the growing need for information. Books in the series emphasize established and emergent areas of science - cluding molecular, membrane, and mathematical biophysics; photosynthetic - ergy harvesting and conversion; information processing; physical principles of genetics; sensory communications; automata networks, neural networks, and cellular automata. Equally important will be coverage of applied aspects of b- logical and medical physics and biomedical engineering such as molecular el- tronic components and devices, biosensors, medicine, imaging, physical prin- ples of renewable energy production, advanced prostheses, and environmental control and engineering. Elias Greenbaum Oak Ridge, TN M. Zamir Department of Applied Mathematics University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, N6A 5B7 CANADA [email protected] Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Zamir, M. (Mair) The physics of coronary blood flow / M. Zamir. p. cm. - (Biological and medical physics, biomedical engineering) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Coronary circulation. 2. Hemodynamics. 3. Blood flow. I. Title. II. Series. QP108.Z36 2005 612.1?7-dc22 2005042502 ISBN-10: 0-387-25297-5 e-ISBN: 0-387-26019-6 Printed on acid-free paper.

This volume provides a complete and timely guide to the use of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors for genetic manipulation of mammalian tissues. Beginning with methods for the design and characterization of AAV vectors, the book continues with protocols for AAV delivery to various components of the central nervous system, to a number of sensory systems, and to a broad range of other tissues. Novel techniques such as ultrasound-targeted delivery to the brain, subpial delivery to the spinal cord, and subILM delivery to the retina are accompanied by chapters that provide an overview and comparison of current methods for AAV delivery to tissues such as brain, heart, liver, and lung. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, readily reproducible step-by-step laboratory protocols, and tips for troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and comprehensive, Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors: Design and Delivery aims to enhance the utility of AAV vectors for targeted gene transfer to living animals and continue the ongoing development of novel AAV-based gene therapies for human disease.

Gene correction is a technology that gives us the tools for both repairing and mutating DNA, for discovering gene functions and for engineering new genetic variants. Gene Correction: Methods and Protocols provides a user friendly, detailed and up-to-date collection of strategies and methodologies utilized for generating specific sequence changes in the DNA of cells in the laboratory, while also tackling the major problems that the field of gene correction faces. This volume brings together many experts in the field of gene correction to disclose a wide and varied array of specific gene correction protocols for engineering mutations in DNA, for delivering correcting DNA to target cells, and for improving the accuracy and safety of the gene correction process. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Gene Correction: Methods and Protocols seeks to serve scientists of all backgrounds interested in the area of gene targeting/recombination/therapy.

In DNA Cloning and Assembly Methods, expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used for DNA cloning and make cloning procedures faster, more reliable and also suitable for high-throughput handling. These include methods and protocols that are based on several mechanisms including type II and IIS restriction enzymes, single stranded annealing, sequence overlap, and recombination. With additional chapters on software programs that are suitable for primer design, a feature crucial for the functionality of the described methods. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, DNA Cloning and Assembly Methods seeks to provide scientist with a valuable and useful resource for wet lab researchers within life sciences.

Cytogenetic studies of malignancy have become an essential tool in the clinical management of cancer patients. Cancer Cytogenetics: Methods and Protocols presents eminently practical key cytogenetic and FISH techniques for every stage of diagnostic service. Experts in the field describe detailed cytogenetic analysis methods, fluorescence in situ hybridization and array methods currently being applied to investigate and diagnose different varieties of cancer. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, and step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols. The authors of the various chapters have also provided extensive notes to guide individuals who are new to these methods through the pitfalls that bedevil all such testing.

Authoritative and accessible, Cancer Cytogenetics: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide to scientists of all backgrounds, allowing them to either establish new techniques in their laboratories or find the different variations of standard methods helpful in improving their results.

Low back pain affects most of us at some time, and exercise is key to both its prevention and treatment. Critically appraising work from several approaches to produce an integrated, practical approach suitable for day-to-day clinicians and personal trainers, this essential guide looks at the science and practice of designing and teaching the best exercise programmes for this common condition. Learn: vital client assessment skills, which exercises to use and why, the most effective teaching methods, how to structure and progress a full backpain management programme. Aimed at student therapists and clinical exercise teachers, as well as trainers planning exercise programmes for subjects recovering from low back pain, Back Rehabilitation is essential reading for Therapists and Exercise academics and professionals of all types.