Early in the 19th century the work of American newspaper journalists was intertwined with the work of politicians. Journalists were primarily printers and editors, and newspapers were largely political organs, funded and used by politicians for political reasons. As the 19th century progressed, not only journalists, but politicians, were involved in newspaper work.

Dooley explores the transformation of journalism, examining how journalists established occupational boundaries separating their work from that of politicians. She focuses on how an occupational group that had been inseparable from party politics early in the 19th century grew to be seen by many in society as more distant and independent from parties by the end of the century and became accepted as the citizenry's primary provider of political news and editorial opinion. This study of how journalists established occupational boundaries will be of interest to scholars and researchers of journalism history, political communication, and the sociology of work.

Throughout American history, the press has been incredibly adept at making the public aware. The history of the press in crisis situations is in many ways the story of public attitudes and the story of America. This book looks at the press over time and the way it has functioned in times of crisis. It considers press coverage of 13 events, spanning a time frame that includes the birth of the nation, its political, economic, and social struggles as a young country, and its civil war. It tells how a young agrarian society grew into an industrial giant, and how it changed from isolationist to a world power. It relates how this country coped with the growth of socialism, two world wars, civil unrest, and with the problem of world overpopulation.

The American press has performed various functions throughout the years. "The Colonial Press" served as a vehicle of discussion, debate, and finally agitation and, in the process, may have defined itself and laid a groundwork for the press's future roles. The press has agitated, advocated, and persuaded. It has been duped, it has been unfair, and it has misled. This volume considers such concepts as advocacy journalism, a central theme of the chapters on abolitionists and David Duke, and social responsibility, a primary part of the chapter on Japanese-American internment. The press's attempt to lead public opinion is the focus of the chapters on the partisan press, the antebellum period, and the first Red Scare in 1919. The chapter on Joseph McCarthy looks at the concepts of objectivity and the use and misuse of pseudo news. The final chapter, on overpopulation, deals extensively with agenda setting.

This book examines how the news media in general, and investigative journalism in particular, interprets environmental problems and how those interpretations contribute to the shaping of a discourse of risk that can compete against the omnipresent and hegemonic discourse of modernisation in Chinese society.

Newspapers as a record of the day's events and conduit for public business have been part of life in the United States for several hundred years. While some newspapers claim the "newspaper of record" characteristics for themselves, others are so designated to serve specific community functions, such as the town chronicler or public notice distributor. The expression "newspaper of record" is most often found among works by lawyers, historians, and librarians. Yet many newspapers are now developing online news products that do not correspond directly to the newsprint version. Many are asking whether online newspapers will replace traditional newsprint products and whether the online version can or should be treated as equal to the newsprint version. State and municipal governments are exploring electronic distribution of public notices, challenging newspapers' exclusive claim to legal notice advertising revenue. Martin and Hansen focus on some of the traditional uses of newspapers by groups who use the "newspaper of record" concept, and they compare traditional newspapers to online newspapers as "records." After a historical review, they examine legal and archival uses for newspapers, report on several case studies of online newspaper production, and conclude with suggestions for future scholarly, legal, and industry focus on the "newspaper of record" concept. This valuable analysis serves professionals in journalism and law as well as scholars and researchers in journalism and archive management.

China's boldest advocate for press and speech freedom provides a collection of his 1981-1999 arguments for greater freedom of press and speech, as presented to China's government, Party officials, and its intellectual community. Sun is the former Director of the Institute of the Institute of Jouranlism and Communication and the original Director of the Committee to Draft China's Press Law. His published articles-and four new ones for this book-chronicle a continuum of painstaking, relentless, and, ultimately, influential logic. He elucidates the media's disastrous role in the Cultural Revolution, the characteristics of socialist press freedom, the counter-productivity of centralized media governance, the need for law and for media diversity, and the freedoms necessary to empower the proletariat. Sun's intention is not opposition. He evokes the country's founding premises, the principal power of the proletariat, and the pattern of early, market economy successes to chisel away at entrenched centralism and lingering feudalism. This collection offers rare entry into the mind of an exceedingly brave and principled man who-for 20 years-has declared those principles through unmitigating difficulty and dullness. An important think-piece for all scholars and researchers involved with press freedoms and contemporary China.

The Nazis put a remarkable amount of effort into anti-Semitic propaganda, intending to bring ordinary Germans around to the destructive ideology of the Nazi party. Julius Streicher (1885-1946) spearheaded many of these efforts, publishing anti-Semitic articles and cartoons in his weekly newspaper, Der Sturmer, the most widely read paper in the Third Reich. Streicher won the close personal friendship of Hitler and Himmler, and drew deserved attacks from the world press. Bytwerk's biography examines Streicher's use of propaganda techniques, and the hate literature towards Jews that continued to appear after his death, bearing his influence.

This new book addresses a key issue in current debates around journalistic theory and practice. Drawing on his extensive research and teaching experience in this field, Guy Starkey offers a clearly structured, easily accessible discussion of "balance" in the media, and the difficulties inherent in both achieving and measuring it. Providing an analysis of theoretical issues, an exploration of practical considerations, and a review of methods for assessing journalistic output, it will appeal to students of journalism and media studies.

While many analyses have examined disinformation in recent election campaigns, misuse of 'big data' such as the Cambridge Analytica scandal, and manipulation by bots and algorithms, most have blamed a few bad actors. This incisive analysis presents evidence of deeper and broader corruption of the public sphere, which the author refers to as post-communication. With extensive evidence, Jim Macnamara argues that we are all responsible for the slide towards a post-truth society. This analysis looks beyond high profile individuals such as Donald Trump, Russian trolls, and even 'Big Tech' to argue that the professionalized communication industries of advertising, PR, political and government communication, and journalism, driven by clickbait and aided by a lack of critical media literacy, have systematically contributed to disinformation, deception, and manipulation. When combined with powerful new communication technologies, artificial intelligence, and lack of regulation, this has led to a 'perfect data storm'. Accordingly, Macnamara proposes that there is no single solution. Rather, he identifies a range of strategies for communication professionals, industry associations, media organizations and platforms, educators, legislators, regulators, and citizens to challenge post-communication and post-truth.

Children today are growing up in a world of global media, in which the voices of many cultures compete for attention. Increasing numbers of children are also citizens of the globe: they live in multicultural societies, many have migrated themselves and live within active diasporic and transnational networks. The authors offer a fresh perspective on the relationships between media, globalisation and contemporary childhood.

The critic Norman Granz called tenor saxophonist Lester Young "the greatest musician I have heard on the instrument." Douglas Ramsey speaks of Young as "the gentle bedeviled genius whose vision of beauty found expression even though he was hounded throughout his life by nearly every demon the twentieth century had managed to spawn." This is his story, told with love and candor. 1994 ASCAP-Deems Taylor Award for Excellence in Authorship on Musical Subjects

Transforming Media Coverage of Violent Conflicts offers a fresh view of contemporary violent conflicts, suggesting an explanation to the dramatic changes in the ways in which war and terror are covered by Western media. It argues that viewers around the globe follow violent events, literally and metaphorically, on "wide" and "flat" screens, in "high-definition." The "wide-screen" means that at present the screen is wide enough to include new actors - terrorists, 'enemy' leaders, ordinary people in a range of roles, and journalists in the field - who have gained status of the kind that in the past was exclusive to editors, army generals and governmental actors. The "high-definition" metaphor means that the eye of the camera closes in on both traditional and new actors, probing their emotions, experiences and beliefs in ways that were irrelevant in past conflicts. The "flat-screen" metaphor stands for the consequences of the two former phenomena, leading to a loss of the hierarchy of the meanings of war. Paradoxically, the better the quality of viewing, the less the understanding of what we see. Through these metaphors, Kampf and Liebes systematically analyse changes in the practices, technologies, infrastructures and external institutional relationships of journalism.

This book examines the development of Chinese literature journals and social ideologies from 1931 to 1938, combining first-hand historical materials, historical data and four important literature journals to study the competition and cooperation between various powers such as the Kuomintang, the CCP, the "Third Party", and intellectuals. This book describes the most influential Chinese literature journals and their political background during that period, and explains the relations between disparate political and social powers, helping to decipher Chinese intellectuals' cultural positions during this time. The author concludes with the provocative thesis that there was a progression in literature of the Nanjing Decade from an emphasis on class struggle to national salvation to a humanism that transcended these differences. --Arif Dirlik, author of "Culture and History in Postrevolutionary China: The Perspective of Global Modernity" The author looks into sources drawn from various camps and areas, identifies ideological and affective contestations, debates theoretical agendas, and ponders the consequences of literature as a unique manifestation of wartime engagements. Both historically informed and methodologically engaged, Han's book is a most important source for anyone interested in the cultural and political dynamics of modern China in an extraordinary time. --David Der-wei Wang, Professor of Harvard University

Volume two of British Literary Magazines begins its coverage at the dawn of the Romantic Age, when the publication of Blake's Songs of Innocence signalled the change of an era. Its coverage extends beyond what some scholars consider the end of the Romantic Age (1798 and the publication of Lyrical Ballads) and includes periodicals published through the date of Queen Victoria's accession to the British throne in 1837. Volume two includes historical essays, publication details, and bibliographic sources for eighty-five reviews, journals, illustrated magazines, and periodicals available during the period.

This book documents the careers of newspaper fashion editors and details what the fashion sections included in the post-World War II years. The analysis covers social, political and economic aspects of fashion. It also addresses journalism ethics, fashion show reporting and the decline in fashion journalism editor positions.

This book offers a systematic introduction to the linguistic analysis of newspaper reports on crime. The author demonstrates how the linguistic analysis of newspaper texts helps to gain insight into the construction of offenders and victims in those texts and links the findings to criminological frameworks. Tabbert employs Critical Stylistics to explore the description of participants, the presentation of speech as well as actions, states or events, and other linguistic devices employed by journalists to present a particular image of an offender or a victim in the press. This book shows the fruitfulness of an interdisciplinary approach to reveal predominant discourse on crime in society and will be of great interest to researchers in linguistics, criminology and media studies.

Henry Demarest Lloyd was one of the post-bellum 19th-century's best known journalists and non-fiction writers. In fact, only E.L. Godkin exceeded Lloyd in influence and prestige, and Godkin wrote no book-length expose with the impact of Lloyd's 1894 Wealth Against Commonwealth. This biography, based in part on previously unpublished archival information, is a study of the mentality of the journalist as an advocate for reform. It is an examination of Wealth Against Commonwealth, the most influential expose and "starting point for every public investigation" of the late 19th-century industrial monopolies. Lloyd's pre- and post-Wealth journalism is investigated as well, including "Story of a Great Monopoly," Lloyd's 1881 Atlantic Monthly article said to be the first example of American muckraking, and Lloyd's published investigations of reforms such as cooperatives, labor arbitration, minimum wage, and social security. His contact with a variety of his intellectual contemporaries is also featured, including Horace Greeley, Jane Addams, Ida M. Tarbell, Samuel F. Gompers, Clarence S. Darrow, Joseph Medill, Henry George, William Dean Howells, and Eugene V. Debs.

As the nineteenth-century drew to a close, women became more numerous and prominent in British journalism. This book offers a fascinating introduction to the work lives of twelve such journalists, and each essay examines the career, writing and strategic choices of women battling against the odds to secure recognition in a male-dominated society.

Fought when radio was first introduced, the Press-Radio war was an attempt on the part of print journalists to block the emergence of radio news. For nearly a decade, the newspapers of America fought to keep broadcast journalism off the air, exerting various forms of economic, regulatory, and legal pressure against new competitors. This study traces the stages and forms of institutional self-defense utilized by the press. Far more than mere battles to protect profits, media wars are fights to preserve the institutional power that derives from controlling the channels of communication.

The book provides a fresh perspective on the shifting media landscape within Washington DC, re-evaluating journalist-source relationships, the power dynamic within the media corps, and the ways in which technology have changed the description of DC political news - detailing the ways in which media relationships are changing within Washington DC.

This volume sets out the state-of-the-art in the discipline of journalism at a time in which the practice and profession of journalism is in serious flux. While journalism is still anchored to its history, change is infecting the field. The profession, and the scholars who study it, are reconceptualizing what journalism is in a time when journalists no longer monopolize the means for spreading the news. Here, journalism is explored as a social practice, as an institution, and as memory. The roles, epistemologies, and ethics of the field are evolving. With this in mind, the volume revisits classic theories of journalism, such as gatekeeping and agenda-setting, but also opens up new avenues of theorizing by broadening the scope of inquiry into an expanded journalism ecology, which now includes citizen journalism, documentaries, and lifestyle journalism, and by tapping the insights of other disciplines, such as geography, economics, and psychology. The volume is a go-to map of the field for students and scholars-highlighting emerging issues, enduring themes, revitalized theories, and fresh conceptualizations of journalism.

This informal history by a former long-time editor of The Jerusalem Post represents the only book to date that depicts the relationship between the press and the political system in Israel. This is an invaluable insider's report of Israel's only English-language daily newspaper and its role in society and in political developments from the 1930s to the present. Erwin Frenkel's story is a chronological account of the newspaper from the days of Palestine under the British mandate system, through independence, to the 1990s. It shows how the newspaper has functioned both in support of and in opposition to various governments and political parties.

This volume consists of fifteen essays by leading scholars dealing with the Victorian editor and his influence on the culture of his time. The first section analyzes the relationship between Victorian editors and their audience. The essays show how editors effectively balanced fiction and politics, how social change effected periodical publishing, and how editors dealt with Victorian sexual and moral preoccupations. The second section places the editor in the context of his profession. By focusing on specific editors and their journals, the third section sheds additional light on the themes developed in the first two. To complete the book, a bibliographic essay offers new information about the published sources available for further research on the nineteenth-century editor.