Containerization provides optimization of handling processes in terms of intermodality and efficient cargo handling, and maritime transport, in particular, it provides further optimization of shipping processes in terms of volume and distance. Containerization has become the most significant factor stimulating the development of modern global trade. With the progress of globalization taken into account (longer distances and increasing cargo volumes), it can be seen that cargo becomes predestined to be transported by sea, which encourages ship owners to enlarge their fleets of container ships. Containerization in Maritime Transport: Contemporary Trends and Challenges addresses the key challenges to maritime transport and containerization, beginning with economic and managerial factors, through organizational, technical, operational, information and IT challenges, and ending with ecological challenges-ideally to lessen the environmental impacts of maritime transport. Features: Discusses the latest technological advances in shipping, including augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), artificial intelligence (AI), 5G networks, smart camera and computer vision systems, and digital twin technology. Presents ecological considerations and solutions that are indispensable to develop efficient and safe green supply chains. Examines the economic aspects of shipping with regard to transport and container handling costs in international trade.

Shipping has many hundreds of terms and phrases whose meaning is not always obvious, even for experienced practitioners. This comprehensive dictionary contains concise definitions of maritime terms and phrases, including those used in liner, tramp and bulk shipping. This sixth edition contains new terms and phrases which cover: The latest technological and other improvements in cargo handling Improvements in port equipment Developments in the way freight charges and surcharges are levied New documentation on bills of lading and charter-party clauses. This book will be an immensely useful reference tool for all professionals involved in maritime transport, including ship-owners, shipbrokers, freight forwarders, port authorities, average adjusters, and ship operators. Practitioners, students and academics of maritime law will also find the book of great value, as will those in related industries such as banking, commercial and insurance law.

Waterfronts Revisited addresses the historical evolution of the relationship between port and city and re-examines waterfront development by looking at the urban territory and historical city in their complexity and entirety. By identifying guiding values, urban patterns and typologies, and local needs and experiences, cities can break the isolation of the harbor by reconnecting it to the urban structure; its functions, spaces and forms. Using the UNESCO recommendation for the "Historic Urban Landscape" as the guiding concept and a tool for managing urban preservation and change, this collection of essays illustrates solutions to issues of globalisation, commercialization of space and commoditisation of culture in waterfront development. Through sixteen selected case studies, Editors Heleni Porfyriou and Marichela Sepe offer planners and urban designers a broad spectrum of alternative solutions to waterfront regeneration interventions and redevelopments, addressing sustainability, regional cultural diversity, and the debate between conservation and transformation.

This book models price behaviour and forecasts prices in the dry bulk shipping market, a major component of the world shipping industry. Recent uncertainties in the world economy, shipbuilding developments and fleet changes mean the dry bulk shipping market has become extremely volatile, highly speculative and more sensitive to external shocks. In response to these challenging circumstances, this book models price behaviour and forecasts prices in various markets including the freight market, the new build ship market and the second-hand ship market. The authors have carried out an extensive investigation of dry bulk shipping over a 60-year period in diverse sub-markets, trading routes, market conditions and dry bulk vessels. The authors also propose a framework for analysing and modelling the economic processes of numerous variables in the dry bulk shipping market, making use of modern econometric techniques and other economic approaches. This will be especially useful for the control and assessment of risk for ship owners and charterers in ship operation, ship chartering and ship trading activities. This book will be extremely useful for shipbuilders, owners and charterers, as well as shipping analysts and policymakers. It will also be of great interest to academics and researchers concerned with the economics of the shipping industry.

Container Terminals (CT) operate as central nodes in worldwide hub-and-spoke networks and link ocean-going vessels with smaller feeder vessels as well as with inbound and outbound hinterland transportation systems using road, rail, or inland waterways. The volume of transcontinental container flows has gained appreciably over the last five decades -- throughput figures of CT reached new records, frequently with double-digit annual growth rates. Stimulated by throughput requirements and stronger competition between terminals settled in the same region or serving a similar hinterland, respectively, cost efficiency and throughput capabilities become more and more important. Nowadays, both terminal capacity and costs have to be regarded as key indicators for CT competitiveness. In respect of this steady growth, this handbook focuses on planning activities being aimed at "order of magnitude improvements" in terminal performance and economic viability. On the one hand the book is intended to provide readership with technological and organizational CT basics for strategic planning. On the other hand this book offers methodical assistance for fundamental dimensioning of CT in terms of 'technique', 'organization' or 'man'. The former primarily considers comprehensive information about container handling technologies representing the state of the art for present terminal operations, while the latter refers to methodological support comprising in particular quantitative solutions and modeling techniques for strategic terminal decisions as well as straightforward design guidelines. The handbook includes an introductory contribution which gives an overview of strategic planning problems at CT and introduces the contributions of the volume with regard to their relationship in this field. Moreover, each paper contains a section or paragraph that describes the impact of findings investigated by the author(s) for problem-solving in long-term planning of CT (as an application domain). The handbook intends to provide solutions and insights that are valuable for both practitioners in industry who need effective planning approaches to overcome problems and weaknesses in terminal design/development and researchers who would like to inform themselves about the state of the art in methodology of strategic terminal planning or be inspired by new ideas. That is to say, the handbook is addressed to terminal planners in practice as well as to students of maritime courses of study and (application oriented) researchers in the maritime field.

Increasingly, cruise operators are utilising information and communication technologies (ICTs) to improve service-effectiveness and process efficiency, both on- and off-board. Therefore, it is worth initiating a discussion on the potential and challenges ICTs entail for both cruise operators' back-offices and for cruisers' consumption experiences. This book documents the proceedings of the 1st e-Cruising Conference (Bremerhaven, Germany), which was aimed at discussing the possibilities and applicability of ICTs and mobile services in various aspects of cruise operations. Following a rigorous double-blind review, the best papers were chosen to be incorporated in this volume.

T HIS VOL U M E has been written to describe the business side of a commercial enterprise whose field is the entire civilized world. Historically, the theory and knowledge of shipping management, as distinguished from the practical skills of seaman ship, have been transmitted from one generation to the next by word of mouth. Little has been put on paper, primarily because the finest exponents of the art of steamship management have been too busy with their day-to-day concerns to do so. The "working level" personnel often are superbly competent, but rarely qualify as liter ary craftsmen. It has been my aim, in preparing this analysis of the principles of the "business" of commercial shipping, to describe that which trans pires in the various divisions of a shipowning and operating organi zation. Insofar as possible, the procedures followed in the offices have been described and explained, as well as the underlying prin ciples of management by which their decisions are reached. In the process of learning the principles and practices that are set forth in these pages, I have spent ajoy-filled lifetime in associa tion with ships. It has been my good fortune to work in large and small American steamship offices, to operate a major cargo termi nal, to participate in establishing and putting into effect the policies of a world-girdling American steamship organization, and to teach young men these principles learned from experience as well as from precept."

This handbook provides a wide-ranging, coherent, and systematic analysis of maritime management, policy, and strategy development. It undertakes a comprehensive examination of the fields of management and policy-making in shipping by bringing together chapters on key topics of seminal scientific and practical importance.

Within 21 original chapters, authoritative experts describe and analyze concepts at the cutting edge of knowledge in shipping. Themes include maritime management and policy, ship finance, port and maritime economics, and maritime logistics. A study examines the determinants of ship management fees. Aspects of corporate governance in the shipping industry are reviewed and there is a critical review of the ship investment literature. Other topics featured include the organization and management of tanker and dry bulk shipping companies, environmental management in shipping with reference to energy-efficient ship operation, a study of the BIMCO Shipping KPI standard, utilizing the Bunker Adjustment Factor as a strategic decision-making instrument, and slow steaming in the maritime industry. All chapters are written to provide implications for further advancement in professional practice and research.

The Routledge Handbook of Maritime Management will be of great interest to relevant students, researchers, academics, and professionals alike. It provides abundant opportunities to guide further research in the areas covered but will also initiate and inspire effective maritime management.

Table of Contents

1. Principles of Maritime Business Management 2. Evolution of the EU and International Maritime Shipping: Drivers, Challenges and Scenarios 3. Organization and management of dry bulk shipping companies 4. Organization and Management of Tanker Shipping Companies 5. Environmental management in shipping: Theory and practice of energy efficient ship operation 6. Sustainability, Maritime Governance and Business Performance in a Self-Regulated Shipping Industry: A Study on the BIMCO Shipping KPI Standard 7. An overview to contemporary maritime logistics and supply chain management decision areas 8. Using the Bunker Adjustment Factor as a Strategic Decision Instrument 9. Slow steaming in the maritime industry 10. Determinants of Ship Management Fees 11. Corporate Governance in the Shipping Industry 12. The ownership structure of US listed shipping companies 13. A Critical Review of the Ship Investment Literature 14. Development of Ship Finance Centre: The Case of Singapore 15. Appraisal of Shipping Investment Projects Using Real Options 16. Credit Risk Analysis, Measurement, and Management in the Shipping Industry 17. The dynamic Baltic Dry Index: an approach to improve the freight market index 18. Inter-Organizational relationships of European port management entities 19. Investments and financial instruments in port management 20. Private Sector Participation, Port Efficiency, and Economic Development 21. The attitudes of port organizations in adapting to climate change impacts

The Operator Theory conferences, organized by the Department of Mathematics of INCREST and the Department of Mathematics of the University of Timi oara, are conceived as a means to promote cooperation and exchange of information between specialists in all areas of operator theory. This book comprises carefully selected papers on theory of linear operators and related fields. Original results of new research in fast developing areas are included. Several contributed papers focus on the action of linear operators in various function spaces. Recent advances in spectral theory and related topics, operators in indefinite metric spaces, dual algebras and the invariant subspace problem, operator algebras and group representations as well as applications to mathematical physics are presented. The research contacts of the Department of: viathematics of INCREST with the National Committee for Science and Technology of Romania provided means for developing the research activity in mathematics; they represent the generous framework of these meetings too. It is our pleasure to acknowledge the financial support of UNESCO which also contributed to the success of this meeting. We are indebted to Professor Israel Gohberg for including these Proceedings in the OT Series and for valuable advice in the editing process. Birkhauser Verlag was very cooperative in publishing this volume. Camelia Minculescu, Iren Nemethi and Rodica Stoenescu dealt with the difficult task of typing the whole manuscript using a Rank Xerox 860 word processor; we thank them for this exellent job.

The importance of the international maritime transport industry is difficult to overstate. This new book presents an interdisciplinary approach from a wide range of internationally-based experts. International Maritime Transport represents a radical departure from previous works in its structure and approach. The section editors each discuss the state of the art in the opening chapter, before introducing a selection of works providing a wide-ranging analysis of the subject. Wide discretion of approach has provided literary freedom for individual opinion and analysis within the overall framework: this permits a level of innovation which is perhaps stifled by the more standardized model. Whilst each perspective can be seen as exclusive, together they form a comprehensive volume of issues in contemporary maritime transport. Topics covered include: ports as interfaces, logistics, manpower and skills, financial risk and opportunities, the regulatory framework. Each chapter contains an introduction which explains the context of the chapter within the book and the contemporary state of the art. Under the editorship of maritime experts James McConville, Alfonso Morvillo and Heather Leggate, the book is sure to be of interest to students and academics working on maritime studies, as well as being useful to professionals and policy makers in the maritime industry.

International maritime law is far from inert, everyday international affairs constantly test existing law and, in many occasions, require its development. Serving the Rule of International Maritime Law is thus not limited to a description of the current state of the law, but contains innovative studies on current issues and events that are testing the present state of international maritime law.

The book is intended as a Liber Amicorum to Professor David Joseph Attard. It celebrates his career in international law; he played a crucial role in establishing the IMO International Maritime Law Institute in 1988, the main purpose of which is to train lawyers in private and public international maritime law. Over the last twenty years he has continued to teach at the Institute and has played an important role in contributing to the work of international fora concerned with the development of international law.

This work represents a close collaboration amongst practitioners and academics involved in the field of international maritime law including IMO Secretary-General Efthimios E. Mitropoulos, Judge Helmut Tuerk, Professor Francis Reynolds Q.C. and Patrick J.S. Griggs CBE.

Part I contains general articles in international maritime law, Part II is dedicated to the law of the sea, and Part III is devoted to issues on shipping law.

Serving the Rule of International Maritime Law is of great interest to professionals in the shipping industry as well as practitioners, academics and students.

The operation of a commercial shipping route through the Northwest Passage - a 1450 kilometre marine corridor linking Baffin Bay to the Beaufort Sea - has been a recurring dream of traders since the late fifteenth century. It is now fast becoming a practical possibility with the recent discoveries of hydrocarbon and other mineral resources. A consideration of the problems this will raise is urgently necessary. The Canadian Northern Waters Project, at Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, has therefore initiated a four-year programme to investigate the feasibility of expanded arctic shipping and ocean development. This title is the first result of the project. The work provides, in chapters by different authors, an in-depth review of the outstanding environmental, technological, political, economic, social and legal issues associated with arctic resource use, development and management.

Asian shipping entrepreneurship relies on strong ties between private entities and public institutions (i.e. governments). This book examines the growth and sustainability of the Asian maritime world through the lens of the Asian cultural code, its social and institutional economics as well as its unique way of public governance. The book addresses the economics of maritime industry in a broader stroke to include ship owning, shipbuilding, port operation and its links and collaborations to other industries from a refreshing perspective. The book also examines major maritime nations of Asia in three dimensions: history, strategy (also policy) and the current state of the maritime industry. The relationship between Asian shipping giants and public institutions is also explored, along with the recent developments and challenges of the regional maritime industry in the era of a marine tech boom, upsizing tonnage and environmental debates. Its comprehensive overview of and unique approach to the subject makes the book a valuable reference to anyone interested in the topic.

Future Challenges for the Port and Shipping Sector discusses the issues that most influence the future of the maritime and port industries. The topics covered include: maritime trade, future trade flows, evolutions in international trade, shipping capacity and demand, developments in ship construction and their economic consequences. The book also covers future developments in ports (technology and economics), the future role of port authorities (the role of national and international public authorities, as well as cooperation between ports), the future development in ports (hinterland transportation, landslide handling, and financial developments), financial developments (alternative financing of investments, hedging operations, mergers and cooperation, and capital markets).

Seventy percent of the planet is covered by water, and ninety percent of global economic trade is transported by sea. The oceans are inextricably linked with food security and the global economy. Technology and the Blue Economy examines the vital role that technology plays in developing the blue economy. It provides a clear, accessible picture of the current and future potential of technology within different sectors in the blue economy, such as offshore energy, ports and harbours, shipping, maritime surveillance and cyber security.

Technology and the Blue Economy looks at the disruption of established business models through case studies of leading innovators, examining development issues, what they have learned and how they have transformed their current ways of working within their organizations. Along with actionable takeaways at the end of each section, readers will learn from and be inspired by the front-line experiences of Blue Economy innovators.

"A fascinating, fast-paced history...full of remarkable characters and incredible stories" about the nineteenth-century American dynasties who battled for dominance of the tea and opium trades (Nathaniel Philbrick, National Book Award-winning author of In the Heart of the Sea). There was a time, back when the United States was young and the robber barons were just starting to come into their own, when fortunes were made and lost importing luxury goods from China. It was a secretive, glamorous, often brutal business-one where teas and silks and porcelain were purchased with profits from the opium trade. But the journey by sea to New York from Canton could take six agonizing months, and so the most pressing technological challenge of the day became ensuring one's goods arrived first to market, so they might fetch the highest price. "With the verse of a natural dramatist" (The Christian Science Monitor), Steven Ujifusa tells the story of a handful of cutthroat competitors who raced to build the fastest, finest, most profitable clipper ships to carry their precious cargo to American shores. They were visionary, eccentric shipbuilders, debonair captains, and socially ambitious merchants with names like Forbes and Delano-men whose business interests took them from the cloistered confines of China's expatriate communities to the sin city decadence of Gold Rush-era San Francisco, and from the teeming hubbub of East Boston's shipyards and to the lavish sitting rooms of New York's Hudson Valley estates. Elegantly written and meticulously researched, Barons of the Sea is a riveting tale of innovation and ingenuity that "takes the reader on a rare and intoxicating journey back in time" (Candice Millard, bestselling author of Hero of the Empire), drawing back the curtain on the making of some of the nation's greatest fortunes, and the rise and fall of an all-American industry as sordid as it was genteel.

This book provides a thorough understanding of Short Sea Shipping (SSS) and its role in transport chains, presenting a revision of EU policies for SSS. Infrastructure and equipment required for the success of SSS are discussed, including critical features of modern roll-on/roll-off (Ro-Ro) ships and terminals. Models are proposed for the evaluation of transportation demand in SSS, including the potential effects of external costs, and its results are used within the scope of methods for Ro-Ro ship and fleet sizing. A discussion of methods used to calculate such costs is provided, and a comparison of aggregated demand with and without internalisation of external costs is carried out, pointing towards solutions for 'greening' freight transportation. Applications of multi-criteria decision-making and simulation techniques to supply chains based on SSS are presented. The role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the promotion of SSS is also discussed. A number of case studies illustrate the different research methods and techniques. This book is a useful resource for students and researchers studying transportation, as well as policymakers and practitioners involved in this field and anyone with an interest in the promotion of environmentally sound transport solutions.

The present volume contains the proceedings of an international conference on the economic history of the seaports of Antwerp and Rotterdam (1870-2000). This venue was held at Antwerp on 10-11 May 2001 and was hosted by the Antwerp Port Authority. This international conference aimed at confronting the development of both ports. In the course of the last century and a half, economic growth in the ports of Antwerp and Rotterdam has been staggering. Maritime economic historians, economists and geographers alike have investigated the development of both ports extensively, but separately. So far, only a limited number of attempts have been made to analyse Rotterdam-Antwerp port history from a comparative perspective. The papers presented at the conference provide a challenging starting point to - certain how and why both ports reacted differently to virtually the same economic and political stimuli. By bringing together both historians, economists and lawyers with different fields of interest, we have attempted to put the history of the ports of Antwerp and Rotterdam in a broader international and comparative perspective.

"Maritime Law, 6th edition is an exhaustive introduction to this complex area of law. It systematically covers the principal topics and illustrates the operation of shipping law in practice. The sixth edition has been extensively revised and updated to incorporate significant statutory developments and cases. This book, with its readable style and practical approach, is ideal for newcomers to subject tool as a research tool. It will also benefit experienced professionals requiring an updated workbook on the general principles and case law."

Unmanned ships and autonomous ships are quickly becoming a reality, making shipping safer and more efficient. However, traditional tasks and functions are becoming blurred as new technology changes how the unique needs of different sectors are met. In addition to large vessels dedicated to the transport of goods and cargos across the oceans, major efforts are underway towards the automation of small coastal shipping that includes ferries, tugboats, supply and service vessels, and barges. Automated vehicles are also replacing conventional ships for inspecting and servicing pipelines, drilling platforms, wind farms and other offshore installations. Automated shipping is explored in terms of economics, technology, safety and the environment under the broad themes of ship design and engineering, command and control, navigation, communications, security, regulatory issues, and training. This includes initiatives for autonomous shipping as well as civilian implications of military ship automation programs. This book is primarily for maritime professionals, regulatory authorities, insurers, and environmental groups. It also suits undergraduate students involved in deck officer training, and graduate students and academics involved in research in ship design, operations and management.

One of the greatest treasures in the archives of the Welsh Industrial and Maritime Museum is the Hansen Collection, consisting of over 4500 negatives of shipping taken at Cardiff Docks between 1920 and 1975. Lars Peter Hansen, a native of Copenhagen, settled in Cardiff in 1891 and he and his third son Leslie established a photographic business in the docks; taking pictures of ships for sale to seamen and shipowners was an important part of their business. Following the retirement of Leslie Hansen in 1975, the museum purchased the negative collection. Its historical value cannot be overstated and this album is intended as a tribute to the Hansens, who through their work have bequeathed to Wales a pictorial record of shipping activity at the nation's premier port.

This book considers both the present state of Arctic shipping and possible future trends with reference to the various sectors of maritime transportation: cruise tourism, container traffic and bulk shipping. Ports are analysed as tools that support the strategies of coastal states to foster the development of resource extraction, enhance the attractiveness of Arctic shipping lanes and enable the control of maritime activities through coast guard deployment. The aim of this book is to draw a picture of the trends of Arctic shipping. How is traffic evolving in Canada's Arctic, or along the Northern Sea Route? Are there significant differences between bulk and container shipping segments when considering the Arctic market? How are the ports and the hinterland developing and what are the strategies behind those? How is the legal framework shaping the evolution of maritime transportation? The contributors to this book consider all of these questions, and more, as they map out the prospects for Arctic shipping and analyse in detail the development of Arctic shipping as a result of multi-variable interactions. This book will be key reading for industry professionals and post-graduate students alike.

This book explores the types of conflicts that occur over marine and coastal resources, the underlying causes, and attempts to prevent them. Despite the emergence of various marine and coastal governance approaches to address the effects of human activities within the marine environment, conflict continues. In this book, the author outlines the reasons conflicts can, and do, arise in the marine and coastal environment. Drawing on case studies from both the northern and southern hemispheres, the book takes a broad view of how we interact with our environment, of how and why conflict is perpetuated as a political and cultural phenomenon, and how this varies or remains constant across space and place. The case studies explore not only the underlying perceptions and needs of those involved in marine and coastal conflict and the types of conflicts that arise in oceanic and coastal areas, but also the underpinning reasons for these conflicts. Marine and coastal resource conflicts have the potential to derail conservation efforts and blue growth policies, as well as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Thus, it is imperative we understand the drivers and exacerbating factors of marine and coastal conflict. Arguing that there is an urgent need for renewed thinking and focus on conflict prevention, the author develops a theory of marine and coastal conflict which allows us to understand those factors and the means to help prevent such conflicts arising in the first place. This book will be of interest to students and researchers of coastal and marine science and environmental management as well as those working in the field of marine resource management, including coastal zone managers and fisheries managers.

Spurred by global macro-economic shifts, commercial and financial turbulence, as well as technological leaps in the early years of the new millennium, the Danish shipping industry has changed dramatically since the turn of the century. This book provides a new understanding of how rapid business environmental changes frame strategic choices and industry structures. The authors combine a conceptual chapter with three selected business history cases to apply a methodical approach to their study. Together, the five chapters unveil patterns in the development of Danish shipping which are historical and, at the same time, consider questions that address the present situation and the challenges of our time. In other words, this short book uses history for the purpose of understanding the present and to develop thinking for the future.

For more than two hundred years, thousands of giant sailing ships traversed the Great Lakes carrying cargo and passengers. The memory of the romance and elegance of these beautiful ships has almost been forgotten in the search for greater efficiency and speed in our modern world.

C.H.J. Snider (1879-1971) chronicled this era in his 1,303 "Schooner Days" columns for Toronto's "The Evening Telegram" between 1931 and 1954. A great marine researcher and artist, Snider himself worked aboard schooners in his youth and studied first-hand the development of the Great Lakes region. Coupled with Snider's writings are those of Robert B. Townsend, who, besides introducing Snider's stories, adds some of his own.