Principles of Balancing the Foot with Tendon Transfers, Basic Science of Tendon Transfers, Tendon Transfer for Ankle Equinus and Equinovarus, The Bridle Procedure, The Uses of Tendon Transfers to Correct the Cavus Foot and Ankle, Tendon Transfers About the Hallux (Jones, FHB, Hallux Varus), Forefoot Tendon Transfers, Tendon Transfers in Polio, Management of Equinovalgus Deformity, The Management of Spastic Equinovarus Deformity Following Stroke and Head Injury

In this issue of Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America, Guest Editor Mark Krasna and colleagues discuss a wide range of topics devoted to lung cancer.? Articles focus on pathology; updated staging systems; epidemiology of lung cancer - smoking, second hand smoke, and genetics; molecular markers for incidence, prognosis, and response to therapy; screening; diagnostic work-up; non-invasive staging techniques; surgical resection; the role of surgery following induction therapy for stage III NSCLC; the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in NSCLC (stages I-III); and much more.

Epidemiology of Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Structure and Biology of the Intervertebral Disc in Health and Disease, Nutrition of the Intervertebral Disc, The Endplate and Its Relevance with Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Genetic Risk Factors in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Biomechanics of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Diagnostic Tools and Imaging Methods in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, An Overview of the Management of Degenerative Disc Disease, Adjacent Level Disc Disease - Is it Really a Fusion Disease? Prosthetic Total Disc Replacement, Stem Cell Regeneration of the Intervertebral Disc, Gene Therapy for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Tissue Engineering for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Emerging Technologies for Molecular Therapy for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Intervertebral Disc Transplantation

Clinically accessible information for pathologists on histology, molecular pathology, differential diagnosis, and clinical overview is presented. Common and rare entities are covered with an abundance of images to highight key features.
Topics for pathologists covering soft tissue pathology include: Soft Tissue Pseudosarcomas; Spindle cell sarcomas; Myofibroblastoma, Myofibroma and Myopericytoma; Peripheral nerve sheath tumors; Clear cell lesions; Primitive round cell neoplasms; Plexiform neoplasms; Myxoid neoplasms; Epithelioid lesions; Lesions featuring giant cells; Gastrointestinal tract mesenchymal lesions;? Liposarcomas

There have been important developments in materials and therapies for the treatment of spinal conditions. Biomaterials for spinal surgery summarises this research and how it is being applied for the benefit of patients.
After an introduction to the subject, part one reviews fundamental issues such as spinal conditions and their pathologies, spinal loads, modelling and osteobiologic agents in spinal surgery. Part two discusses the use of bone substitutes and artificial intervertebral discs whilst part three covers topics such as the use of injectable biomaterials like calcium phosphate for vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty as well as scoliosis implants. The final part of the book summarises developments in regenerative therapies such as the use of stem cells for intervertebral disc regeneration.
With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Biomaterials for spinal surgery is a standard reference for both those developing new biomaterials and therapies for spinal surgery and those using them in clinical practice.
Summarises recent developments in materials and therapies for the treatment of spinal conditions and examines how it is being applied for the benefit of patientsReviews fundamental issues such as spinal conditions and their pathologies, spinal loads, modelling and osteobiologic agents in spinal surgeryDiscusses the use of bone substitutes and artificial intervertebral discs and covers topics such as the use of injectable biomaterials like calcium phosphate for vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty

Dr. Leonard Swischuk has revised his outstanding work on imaging the cervical spine in children. He draws upon his extensive experience to provide practitioners with an insightful approach to pediatric cervical spine injuries. The text covers developmental anatomy, normal variants, congenital anomalies, abnormalities of the dens, trauma, and miscellaneous abnormalities of the cervical spine. The book has several strengths that appeal to radiology residents, such as its succinct overview of the topic and helpful reference lists that guide readers to additional resources. Dr. Swischuk illustrates conditions he discusses with excellent plain film examples that help residents identify cases they are likely to encounter during board exams and in practice. Accompanying CT and MR images clarify and qualify the findings. Dr. Swischuk's direct writing style makes the complex content highly accessible, providing imaging residents with an invaluable introduction to pediatric cervical spine radiology.

A comprehensive review on gastric surgery Topics include: gastric acid and digestive physiology, emergency ulcer surgery, anti reflux and hiatal hernia Surgery, GIST surgery and adjuvant surgery, achalasia surgery, gastric adenocarcinoma surgery and adjuvant therapy, gastric motility physiology and surgical intervention, postgastrectomy, minimally invasive gastric surgery, and more

The difference among pluripotent stem cells, multipotent stem cells, and unipotent stem cells is pointed out. Vast therapeutic applications of the following specific stem cells in disease and tissue injury are discussed: human embryonic stem cells, human mesenchymal stem cells, germ cell-derived pluripotent stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, human umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells, breast tumor stem cells,and hematopoietic stem cells. Because of the potential of human embryonic stem cells to produce unlimited quantities of any human cell type, considerable focus is placed on their therapeutic potential. Because of their pluripotency, these cells have been used in various applications such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, pharmacological and toxicological studies, and fundamental studies of cell differentiation. The formation of embryoid bodies, which are three-dimensional aggregates of embryonic stem cells, is explained as this is the first step in cell differentiation. Such embryoid body culture has been widely used as a trigger for the in vitro differentiation of embryonic stem cells. The basic capacity of self-renewal of human embryogenic stem cells is explained. The role of TGF-beta in the propagation of human embryonic stem cells is discussed. The differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into neurons, hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, and retinal cells is fully explained. Donor policies for hematopoietic stem cells are also explained.

This textbook is based on the curriculum for US, UK, Canadian and Australasian Orthopedic trainees. It offers an in-depth summary of the knowledge needed to pass the boards and FRCS examination in Trauma and Orthopedic surgery. The focus is on basic information on every orthopedic subspecialty, including: surgical anatomy, basic sciences, adult reconstruction, pediatric orthopedics, foot and ankle surgery, orthopedic pathology, the spine, sports surgery, upper limb, wrist and hand surgery, and orthopedic traumas. All sections are written by experts in the respective field and utilize a consistent bullet-point format, chosen to facilitate the learning experience and help readers memorize and organize knowledge. A clear and concise "take-home message" section precedes each topic, and key references are highlighted at the end of each chapter.

A global pool of surgeons and researchers using 3-dimensional imaging for facial plastic surgery present topics on: Image fusion in pre-operative planning; The use of 3D imaging tools including stereolithographic modeling and intraoperative navigation for maxillo-mandibular and complex orbital reconstruction; Custom-made, three-dimensional, intraoperative surgical guides for nasal reconstruction; The benefits and limits of using an integrated 3D virtual approach for maxillofacial surgery; 3D volume assessment techniques and computer-aided design and manufacturing for pre-operative fabrication of implants in head and neck reconstruction; A comparison of different new 3D imaging technologies in facial plastic surgery; 3-D photography in the objective analysis of volume augmentation including fat augmentation and dermal fillers; Assessment of different rhinoplasty techniques by overlay of before and after 3D images; 3D volumetric analysis of combined facial lifting and volumizing (volume enhancement); 3-D facial measurements and perceptions of attractiveness; Teaching 3-D sculpting to Facial Plastic Surgeons, 3-D insights on aesthetics; Creation of the virtual patient for the study of facial morphology; 3-dimensional video analysis of facial movement; 3D modeling of the behavior of facial soft tissues for understanding facial plastic surgery interventions

This book provides a unique and comprehensive overview of minimally invasive (MI) surgical options for the treatment of pancreatic diseases. The opening chapters present the state of the art of MI pancreatic resection according to the 2016 IHPBA Conference, offer information on the safe dissemination of MI pancreatic surgical techniques, and discuss preoperative evaluations protocols and surgical planning options. The book subsequently investigates the full range of currently available minimally invasive techniques, which includes: biliary and gastric bypass, ampullectomy, central and distal pancreatectomy, laparoscopic and robotic pancreatoduodenectomy, and robotic pancreas transplantation. Combining the acknowledged expertise of the Italian school in pancreatic surgery and the contributions of many leading international experts, the book offers a valuable guide for all surgeons who perform this complex surgery, as well as for residents and fellows-in-training.

Written by expert surgeons and educators, Current Therapy in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery covers the latest treatment strategies, surgical techniques, and potential complications in OMS. Emphasizing an evidence-based approach, it covers all 12 subspecialties of OMS, addressing topics from surgical principles to oral surgery, anesthesia, cranio-maxillofacial trauma surgery, head and neck surgery, maxillofacial reconstructive surgery, orthognathic surgery, pediatric craniofacial surgery including cleft lip and palate, temporomandibular joint disorders, facial plastic surgery including rhinoplasty and facelifts, obstructive sleep apnea, and oral and maxillofacial infections. At the end of each chapter, Pearls and Pitfalls summarize the authors' insight, recommendations, and experience on that topic. Editor Dr. Shahrokh Bagheri is a noted professor, researcher, and speaker on OMS, and he leads an expert author team including Dr. R. Bryan Bell and Dr. Husain Ali Khan to help you master and apply the latest advances in OMS. More than 1,200 full-color photos and 200 color line drawings illustrate concepts and provide visual guidance in clinical areas. Comprehensive sections and chapters represent essential topics, the newest advances, and controversial topics. Clinical coverage brings together the latest knowledge in OMS in a concise, easy-to-apply way. Resident-specific coverage describes the wide array of subspecialties and treatments available in the armamentarium of the modern OMS. A focus on complications ensures that you are knowledgeable in this important part of any therapy or surgical discipline. Expert contributors include the "best of the best," featuring leading, well-established, and respected surgeons and educators writing on their areas of specialty and providing current treatment strategies.

This book is part of a series covering surgical specialties. The volumes are multi-authored, containing brief chapters, each of which are devoted to one or two specific questions or decisions within that specialty that are difficult or controversial. The volumes are intended as a current and timely reference source for practicing surgeons, surgeons in training, and educators that describe the recommended ideal approach, rather than customary care, in selected clinical situations.

This issue of Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery will feature topics on: Evaluation and Biomechanics of the First Ray; First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Sesamoid Disorders; Etiology, Pathophysiology and Staging of Hallux Rigidus; First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Implant Arthroplasty for Hallux Rigidus; Resurfacing Techniques and Arthrodiastasis for Hallux Rigidus; Traditional and Modified Techniques for the First Metatarsophalaneal Joint Arthrodesis; First Metatarsocuneiform Arthrodesis and its Role in Hallux Rigidus Surgery and Modern Technology in Hallux Abducto Valgus Surgery

This Surgical Clinics issue is Part 1 of a special two part issue on nutrition and metabolism of the surgical patient, co-guest edited by Dr. Stanley Dudrick, a pioneer in total parenteral nutrition. Part 1, guest edited by Dr. Dudrick and Dr. Juan Sanchez present topics on nutrition and metabolism for the acutely ill patient. Topics will include: metabolic considerations in management of surgical patients, sepsis associated with nutrition support of surgical patients, ? parenteral nutrition and nutrition support of surgical patients, cachexia and refeeding Syndrome, prevention and treatment of intestinal failure associated liver disease (IFALD) in neonates and children, adjuvant nutrition management of patients with liver failure, comprehensive management of patients with enteric fistulas, nutrition management of patients with malignancies of the head and neck, nutrition support of pediatric surgical patients, management of the short bowel syndrome, what, how and how much should burn patients be fed?, nutrition support in trauma and critically ill patients, and nutrition as an adjunct to management of patients with pulmonary failure.

This issue of Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America, guest edited by Dr. Frederick Greene, focuses on Surgical Oncology in the Community Cancer Center. An array of experts have come together to explore topics on Sarcoma Management, Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy, Multidisciplinary Clinics and the Surgeon's Role in the Hospital Cancer Program, Breast Cancer Care in the Community Cancer Center, Lumpectomy versus Mastectomy Rates in the Community Setting, American College of Surgeons Oncology Group trials and the Community Surgeon, Quality Surgical Oncology Care in the Community: Training versus Hospital Volume, The Impact of Dedicated Tumor Boards in Clinical Trials, The National Accreditation Program for Breast Centers: Quality Improvement Through Standard Setting, and much more.

Topics: The Current Treatment of Achalasia; The Current Surgical Management of Portal Hypertension; The Effective of Bariatric Surgery on Long Term Mortality; Volume and Outcome Results for Bariatric Surgery; The Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Nodules; VATS Resection of Peripheral Lung Nodules; Comparison of Whole Organ Pancreas and Isolated Islet Transplantation for Type I Diabetes; The Role of Palliative Surgery in Advanced Cancer; The Treatment of Lower Extremity in the Endovascular Era; Carotid Artery Disease: Angioplasty and Stenting Versus Carotid Endarterectomy; Resection of Unresectable Liver Tumors Following Chemotherapy; The Role of Reduced Heart Rate Volatility in Predicting Death in Trauma Patients; What We have Learned and What We Need to Know About SARS; How Should Surgeons Use Outcome Studies to Improve Patient Care?; The Role of the Radiology Interventionist in the Treatment of Abdominal Abscesses; Does Volume Help Predict Outcome in Surgical Diseases?; The Current Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors; The Current Management of Chronic Pancreatitis; The Role of Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pancreatic Pathology; The Role of Adjuvant Therapy in the Management of Pancreatic Cancer; Laparoscopic Liver Resections; The Pharmacologic Modulation of the Hypermetabolic Response; Workup of the Incidental Liver Lesion; Breast Reconstruction: Trans Flap Versus Implant

Guest Editors Jeffrey Bruce and Andrew Parsa explore Pinneal Region Tumors in this issue of Neurosurgery Clinics.? Topics concentrate on areas such as pathology, radiographic features, open surgical approaches, endoscopic surgical approaches, clinical outcomes after treatment of pineocytoma, clinical outcomes after treatment of pineoblastoma, clinical outcomes after treatment of germ cell tumors, pineal cysts: radiographic criteria and clinical management, ? opthamologic signs and symptoms associated with pineal region tumors, history of pineal region tumor surgery and management, and radiation treatment algorithms

This issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine, guest edited by Robert Kotloff, focuses on the topics of Lung Transplantation. Articles include: Candidate Selection, Timing of Listing, and Choice of Procedure for Lung Transplantation; Lung Allocation in the United States, Selection and Management of the Lung Donor; Novel Approaches to Expanding the Lung Donor Pool: Donation After Cardiac Death and Ex Vivo Conditioning; Extracorporeal Life Support as a Bridge to Lung Transplantation; Survival and Quality of Life of Patients Undergoing Lung Transplant; Primary Graft Dysfunction; Acute Allograft Rejection: Cellular and Humoral Processes, and more!

Rheumatoid Arthritis, Post Traumatic and Osteoarthritis, Hemophilic Arthritis, Arthroscopic Debridement, Open Debridement, Linked Total Elbow Arthroplasty, Unlinked Total Elbow Arthroplasty, Hemi Arthroplasty of the Humerus vs Capitocondylar, Interposition Arthroplasty/Resection Arthroplasty/Distraction Arthroplasty, Elbow Fusion

The Disease
Etiology, Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Classifications, and Natural Evolution of Perthes' Disease, Imaging for Perthes' Disease, Prognostic Factors and Outcome Measures
Section II - Treatment Early in the Course of the Disease (Onset to the Early Fragmentation Stage)
Principles of Containment Treatment Aimed at Preventing Femoral Head Deformation in Perthes' Disease Containment
Section III - Treatment Late in the Course of the Disease (Late Fragmentation Stage to Early Reconstitution Stage
Principles of Treatment in the Late Stages of Perthes' Disease
Valgus Osteotomy for Hinge Abduction
Shelf and/or Reduction and Containment Surgery, Articulated Distraction
Section IV- Treatment After Complete Healing of Perthes' Disease
Principles of Treatment of the Sequelae of Perthes' Disease, Treatment of Coxa Brevis, Re-Shaping the Deformed Femoral Head, ? Treatment of Femoro-Acetabular Impingement, Resurfacing and THRA
Section V- Newer Treatment Options Bisphosphonates, Core Decompression