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Books > Science & Mathematics > Astronomy, space & time > Time (chronology)
Of Clocks and Time takes readers on a five-stop journey through the
physics and technology (and occasional bits of applications and
history) of timekeeping. On the way, conceptual vistas and
qualitative images abound, but since mathematics is spoken
everywhere the book visits equations, quantitative relations, and
rigorous definitions are offered as well. The expedition begins
with a discussion of the rhythms produced by the daily and annual
motion of sun, moon, planets, and stars. Centuries worth of
observation and thinking culminate in Newton's penetrating
theoretical insights since his notion of space and time are still
influential today. During the following two legs of the trip, tools
are being examined that allow us to measure hours and minutes and
then, with ever growing precision, the tiniest fractions of a
second. When the pace of travel approaches the ultimate speed
limit, the speed of light, time and space exhibit strange and
counter-intuitive traits. On this fourth stage of the journey,
Einstein is the local tour guide whose special and general theories
of relativity explain the behavior of clocks under these
circumstances. Finally, the last part of the voyage reverses
direction, moving ever deeper into the past to explore how we can
tell the age of "things" - including that of the universe itself.
Until the nineteenth century all time was local time. On foot or on
horseback, it was impossible to travel fast enough to care that
noon was a few minutes earlier or later from one town to the next.
The invention of railways and telegraphs, however, created a newly
interconnected world where suddenly the time differences between
cities mattered. The Clocks Are Telling Lies is an exploration of
why we tell time the way we do, demonstrating that organizing a new
global time system was no simple task. Standard time, envisioned by
railway engineers such as Sandford Fleming, clashed with universal
time, promoted by astronomers. When both sides met in 1884 at the
International Meridian Conference in Washington, DC, to debate the
best way to organize time, disagreement abounded. If scientific and
engineering experts could not agree, how would the public?
Following some of the key players in the debate, Scott Johnston
reveals how people dealt with the contradictions in global
timekeeping in surprising ways - from zealots like Charles Piazzi
Smyth, who campaigned for the Great Pyramid to serve as the prime
meridian, to Maria Belville, who sold the time door to door in
Victorian London, to Moraviantown and other Indigenous communities
that used timekeeping to fight for autonomy. Drawing from a wide
range of primary sources, The Clocks Are Telling Lies offers a
thought-provoking narrative that centres people and politics,
rather than technology, in the vibrant story of global time
telling.
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