Human dignity has experienced limited attention in tourism studies. The interlinked dimensions of dignity in tourism urgently ask for broad avenues of future research, as tourism is both an information-intensive industry and an "experience good" resulting from the relationship and co-creation processes involving hosts and guests in different political, socio-economic, cultural, and environmental contexts. These contexts play a role in how an individual's values, norms, and experiences may be experienced in tourism. This edited book is one of the first attempts to apply to tourism a humanistic management approach entailing a re-discovery of the value of human life, dignity, and awareness of the ethical dimensions of work. The book develops awareness of the contemporary relevance of the human dignity concept to interpret and manage the weaknesses of traditional approaches to tourism and cope with the challenges and new scenarios, including the current COVID-19 pandemic crisis. It presents ethical values and norms as both foundations and vehicles to dignify tourism stakeholders' vision and mission (policy, strategies, and practices) as well as people/tourist beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. It grounds humanistic education as a pervasive mechanism to innovate tourism management contents and practices by offering to different targets new educational and training formats or framing differently traditional ones. Presenting both a critical and a positive approach to tourism management, the diversity of disciplinary approaches, case studies, and examples makes the book attractive to a variety of readers including tourism scholars, researchers, practitioners, and postgraduate students of management and organization disciplines.

Air Transport and Regional Development Methodologies is one of three interconnected books related to a four-year European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action established in 2015. The action, called Air Transport and Regional Development (ATARD), aimed to promote a better understanding of how the air transport-related problems of core regions and remote regions should be addressed to enhance both economic competitiveness and social cohesion in Europe. This book discusses key methodological approaches to assessing air transport and regional development, outlining their respective strengths and weaknesses. These include input- output analysis, cost benefit analysis, computable general equilibrium models, data envelopment analysis, stochastic frontier analysis, discrete choice models and game theory. Air Transport and Regional Development Methodologies aims at becoming a major reference source on the topic, drawing from experienced researchers in the field, covering the diverse experience and knowledge of the members of the COST Action. The book will be of interest to several large groups. First, it will serve as an authoritative and comprehensive reference for academics, researchers and consultants. Second, it will advise policy- makers and government organizations at European, national and regional levels. Third, it presents invaluable insights to transport companies such as airports and airline operators. Along with the other two books (Air Transport and Regional Development Policies and Air Transport and Regional Development Case Studies), it fills a much-needed gap in the literature.

Air Transport and Regional Development Policies is one of three interconnected books related to a four-year European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action established in 2015. The Action, called Air Transport and Regional Development (ATARD), aimed to promote a better understanding of how the air transport-related problems of core regions and remote regions should be addressed in order to enhance both economic competitiveness and social cohesion in Europe. This book focuses on policy implications related to air transport and regional development. It begins with chapters that generally discuss important policy issues related to air transport and regional development in relation to connectivity and accessibility; dependency; airport governance and regulation; and air traffic control frameworks. This is followed by a number of chapters that consider government subsidies and state aid. The final chapters focus on other policy implications (tourism development, airport expansion, passenger taxation and noise control). Currently, no other single source publication covers this topic area in such a comprehensive manner, insofar as it considers so many policies and examples. The book aims at becoming a major reference source on the topic, drawing from experienced researchers in the field, covering the diverse experience and knowledge of the members of the COST Action. The book will appeal to academics, practitioners and government bodies who have a particular interest in acquiring detailed comparative knowledge and understanding of the policy implications of air transport and regional development. Along with the other two books (Air Transport and Regional Development Methodologies and Air Transport and Regional Development Case Studies) it fills a much-needed gap in the literature.

This volume reports on the encounters between hikers and wildlife on the Appalachian Trail. Based on narratives provided by trail hikers, it explores the ways in which humans relate to the animals with whom they temporarily share a home. With attention to the themes of pilgrimage, the changing perception of the animals encountered and reactions to them, risk, auditory experience, and a sense of wildness, the author considers the meaning constituted by nonhuman animals in the context of the walkers' narrative journeys. A phenomenologically informed study of the ways in which people perceive wild animals when in an unmediated wilderness setting, how they navigate interactions with them, and how they experience living among them, Blogging Wildlife will appeal to scholars across the social sciences with interests in anthrozoology and human-animal relations.

Natural environments, and the human interactions that occur within, are continuously changing and evolving. This comprehensive volume explores how the impacts of climate change, natural and man-made disasters, economic instability, and other macro-environmental factors can have profound implications for local and global economies, fragile ecosystems, and human cultures and livelihoods. The authors examine the numerous ways in which changes in the natural environment impact tourism, and how the tourism industry is responding and adapting to such changes, in both developed and developing regions. Through the various case studies that examine human interaction within what are often fragile ecosystems, this book makes it clear that, while adaptation can be passive in nature, it can and should be much more proactive, with individuals and organizations seeking improved knowledge and learning. Such actions will contribute to greater resilience within the tourism industry, whether in response to climate change and its subsequent impacts, or an increasing scarcity of the natural resources upon which tourism relies. This book was originally published as a special issue of the journal Tourism Geographies.

Hospitality managers are at a critical inflection point. Digital technology advancements are ramping up guest expectations and introducing nontraditional competitors that are beginning to disrupt the whole industry. The hospitality managers whose organizations are to thrive need to get their organizations into a position where they can effectively leverage digital technologies to simultaneously deliver breakthroughs in efficiency, agility, and guest experience. Hospitality Management and Digital Transformation is a much-needed guidebook to digital disruption and transformation for current and prospective hospitality and leisure managers. The book: * Explains digital technology advancements, how they cause disruption, and the implications of this disruption for hospitality and leisure organizations. * Explains the digital business and digital transformation imperative for hospitality and leisure organizations. * Discusses the different digital capabilities required to effectively compete as a digital business. * Discusses the new and/or enhanced roles hospitality and leisure managers need to play in effecting the different digital capabilities, as well as the competencies required to play these roles. * Discusses how hospitality and leisure managers can keep up with digital technology advancements. * Unpacks more than 36 key digital technology advancements, discussing what they are, how they work, and how they can be implemented across the hospitality and leisure industry. This book will be useful for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students studying strategic management, IT, information systems, or digital business-related courses as part of degrees in hospitality and leisure management; as well as practitioners studying for professional qualifications.

Tourism services all over the world currently face rapid changes due to market globalization, intensified competition and the dynamic evolution of new technologies. Moreover, it is expected that tourism will be one of the industries that will be most affected by the current recession. The long-term success of tourism services in such a fierce competitive and financially difficult environment depends not only on being able to satisfy customers' needs and desires, but to strategically respond to current global challenges. Therefore, strategic marketing becomes a necessary practice in contemporary tourism services firms. "Strategic Marketing in Tourism Services" focuses on marketing strategies implemented in tourism services firms and includes a collection of papers related to specific marketing strategies. The book presents the application of specific marketing strategies such as experiential marketing, branding, target marketing, relationship marketing and e-marketing in tourism. Furthermore, it presents the strategic responses of each tourism subsector - hospitality, air transport, tour operation, travel agencies and the tourism destinations - from various countries around the world.

Elgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences and law, expertly written by the world's leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas. Written by Chris Ryan, this Advanced Introduction seeks to integrate macro and micro components of tourism destination planning into a discussion of impacts, destination development, and national, regional and site planning. Exploring the characteristics of tourism destinations, the political framework of tourism and region specific management, this accessible book offers an insightful introduction to the field. Key features include: the implementation of management techniques and policies analysis of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the global tourism industry coverage of essential topics such as the evolution of the tourist destination and marketing as a management tool. The Advanced Introduction to Tourism Destination Management will be a key resource for not only scholars and students working in tourism, but also individuals seeking to better understand this social phenomenon that is a critical driver of economic development.

The practice of packing a bag is a situation where subtle, daily processes can attune us to the relationships and experiences formed in mobile situations. There has been great attention to mundane and material practices in tourism, yet the process of packing, which is integral to any journey, remains unexamined. Everyday Practices of Tourism Mobilities: Packing a Bag expands on the foundational theories of tourist practices through a rich assortment of photographic documentation and interviews with tourists in hostelling accommodation. It presents the intricacies and relations emerging through packing and the connections to an array of actors entwined in both touristic and everyday experiences of movement. Using case studies in Iceland and Nepal, the book explores how idealised tourist destinations influence everyday actions. The disjuncture between mundane routines and the heightened immersive environments is conducive to tourists attuning to the entanglement of actors and experiences beyond individual expectations. The book traces these moments of collective experiences to reflect on the intersections of globalised mobility and everyday tourist practices. The international scope of this highly original and intriguing book will appeal to a broad academic audience, including scholars of tourism, cultural and social geography, mobilities studies, and environmental humanities.

How do we create more economic opportunities in the low-income communities of the developing world? How can these communities build greater resilience against economic uncertainties, natural disasters, wars, and the growing threats of climate change? This book reviews the research literature of economic development in low-income communities of the developing world-from rural villages to neighborhoods in the largest cities on earth. This book is unique in gathering, organizing, and synthesizing research on economic development at the community level, across the developing world, drawing from multiple disciplines, publications, methodologies, regions, and countries. Part I provides an overview and context of the many challenges facing the developing world today, as well as the often-heated debates over what "development" is and how to make it happen. Part II reviews the extensive research literature in major fields of community economic development including education and human capital, overcoming the "curse of natural resources," entrepreneurship and micro-finance, tourism, and sustainability. The audience includes undergraduate students interested in development and sustainability, graduate students and other young researchers in a wide range of disciplines who are finding their own focuses, and established researchers who wish to expand their agendas. An expanded bibliography accompanies the book as a downloadable supplement.

This volume provides an accessible overview of cultural tourism in southern Africa. It examines the utilisation of culture in southern African tourism and the related impacts, possibilities and challenges from deep and wide-ranging perspectives. The chapters use case studies to showcase some of the cultural tourism which occurs in the region and link to concepts such as authenticity, commodification, the tourist gaze and 'Otherness', heritage, sustainability and sustainable livelihoods. The authors scrutinise both positive and negative impacts of cultural tourism throughout the book and explore issues including the definition of community, ethical considerations, empowerment, gender, participation and inequality. The book will be a useful resource for students and researchers of tourism, geography, anthropology and cultural studies.

The Holiday Makers is thought-provoking and profound in its analysis of the present and future patterns of work and leisure. The author analyses the different forms of tourism, examines the effects on the indigenous countries and their people, and outlines positive steps to reconcile people's holiday requirements with the world's economic and social structures.

This is the first book to explore workforce slavery and liberation together within commercial hotel, restaurant and bar activities, the hospitality industry being particularly vulnerable to potential illegal action and reputational damage via involuntary involvement in human trafficking and sexual exploitation. Slavery is the most oppressive form of labour exploitation and is illegal in Western Europe and most of the industrialised world. On the other hand, 'neo-slavery' oppresses the powerless through low pay and employment practices that predominantly serve the interests of the employer. This book explores the most exploitative forms of slavery, 'neo-slavery' and human trafficking in the hotel industry, and offers insights into empowerment through liberative trade unions and worker co-operatives. The study's multifaceted cross-cultural approach includes in-depth chapters on Brazil and the Netherlands as well as a multitude of examples from the UK, exposing the topic as an international problem. Written by international specialists, this significant book will appeal widely to upper-level students and researchers in hospitality, and specifically, to all those interested in human resource management in the hospitality and hotel industry, as well as human rights issues and business ethics.

The total number of foreign tourists received in countries throughout the world was 530 million in 1995. That number broke through the 1 billion mark for the first time in 2012, at 1,035,000,000. In 2015, it reached 1,180,000,000. According to Anthony Elliott and John Urry, modern society has been characterized as being "mobile", and within that we are also living "mobile lives". In modern society, flows of people, things, capital, information, ideas and technologies are constantly occurring, and as they are merging like a violently rushing stream, what could be termed a landscape of mobilities has appeared. Social realities are in flux and are transforming to become different than they were before. This volume will expand the inquiry of tourism mobilities comprehensively and clearly from the fields of humanities and social sciences. In particular, tourism mobilities has been actively investigated up to now in the UK, US, Europe and Australia, but even though the Japanese body of literature contains a great many excellent studies of Japanese examples, there are almost no English-language articles presenting their results. Publishing examples of Japanese tourism mobilities will not only foster new and exciting lines of inquiry for existing and future research on tourism mobilities, but will also have implications for humanities and social sciences throughout the world.

The hospitality sector is facing increasing competition and complexity over recent decades in its development towards a global industry. The strategic response to this is still that hospitality companies try to grow outside their traditional territories and domestic markets, while the expansion patterns and M&A activities of international hotel and restaurant chains reflect this phenomenon. Yet, interestingly, the strategies, concepts, and methods of internationalization as well as the managerial and organizational challenges and impacts of globalizing the hospitality business are under-researched in this industry. While the mainstream research on international management offers an abundance of information and knowledge on topics, players, trends, concepts, frameworks, or methodologies, its ability to produce viable insights for the hospitality industry is limited, as the mainstream research is taking place outside of the service sector. Specific research directions and related cases like the international dimensions of strategy, organization, marketing, sales, staffing, control, culture, and others to the hospitality industry are rarely identifiable so far. The core rationale of this book is therefore to present newest insights from research and industry in the field of international hospitality, drawing together recent scientific knowledge and state-of-the-art expertise to suggest directions for future work. It is designed to raise awareness on the international factors influencing the strategy and performance of hospitality organizations, while analyzing and discussing the present and future challenges for hospitality firms going or being international. This book will provide a comprehensive overview and deeper understanding of trends and issues to researchers, practitioners, and students by showing how to master current and future challenges when entering and competing in the global hospitality industry.

What does 'heritage' mean in the twenty-first century? Traditional ideas of heritage involve places where objects, landscapes, people and ideas are venerated and reproduced over time as an inheritance for future generations. To speak of heritage is to speak of a relationship between the past, the present and the future. However, it is a past recreated for economic gain, hence sectors such as culinary tourism, ecotourism, cultural tourism and film tourism have employed the heritage label to attract visitors. This interdisciplinary book furthers understanding on how heritage is socially constructed, interpreted and experienced within different geographic and cultural contexts, in both Western and non-Western settings. Subjects discussed include Welsh linguistic heritage, tango, mushroom tourism, Turkish coffee, literary tourism and the techniques employed to construct tourist accommodation. By focusing upon heritage creation in the context of tourism, the book moves beyond traditional debates about 'authentic heritage' to focus on how something becomes heritage for use in the present. This timely volume will be of interest to students and researchers in tourism, heritage studies, geography, museum studies and cultural studies.

Since 2017, the term 'overtourism' has become the buzzword for destinations suffering the strain of tourism. It is a critical issue for the 21st century and beyond, and to date has only been examined from a tourism industry perspective. This book takes a different stand by investigating overtourism from a tourism education perspective. The recent global COVID-19 pandemic was expected to halt travel and, arguably, overtourism. However, industry experts and researchers share the opinion that instead of declining, overtourism is simply experiencing a shift, with a swarm of 'second home' and domestic travel that is likely to engulf many tourism destinations. Against this backdrop, the issue of overtourism remains relevant and studies on ways to cultivate responsible consumer mindsets to deal with overtourism and other sustainability issues in the tourism industry are called for. This book focuses on education as a transformative and strategic tool to tackle overtourism and related negative impacts. It presents original research on the topics of overtourism, education, and sustainability, and puts forward a range of practical and transformative tourism education strategies to mitigate overtourism and to promote the sustainable development of destinations. This book will be of great interest to upper-level students, researchers, and academics in tourism, development studies, cultural studies, and sustainability, as well as professionals in the field of tourism management.

How do Airbnb and short-term rentals affect housing and communities? Locating the origins and success of Airbnb in the conditions wrought by the 2008 financial crisis, the authors bring together a diverse body of literature and construct case studies of cities in the US, Australia and Germany to examine the struggles of local authorities to protect their housing and neighborhoods from the increasing professionalization and commercialization of Airbnb. The book argues that the most disruptive impact of Airbnb and short-term rentals has been on housing and neighborhoods in urban centers where housing markets are stressed. Despite its claims, Airbnb has revealed itself as platform capitalism, incentivizing speculation in residential housing. At the heart of this trajectory is its business model and control over access to data. In a first narrative, the authors discuss how Airbnb has institutionalized short-term rentals, consequently removing long-term rentals, contributing to rising rents and changing neighborhood milieus as visitors replace long-term residents. In a second narrative the authors trace the transformation of short-term rentals into a multibillion-dollar hybrid real estate sector promoting a variety of flexible tenure models. While these models provide more options for owners and investors, they have the potential to undermine housing security and exacerbate housing inequality. While the overall effects have been similar across countries and cities, depending on housing systems, local response has varied from less restrictive in Australia to increasingly restrictive in the United States and most restrictive in Germany. Although Airbnb has made some concessions, it has not given any city the data needed to efficiently enforce regulations, making for costly externalities. Written in a clear and direct style, this volume will appeal to students and scholars in Urban Studies, Urban Planning, Housing and Tourism Studies.

How do Airbnb and short-term rentals affect housing and communities? Locating the origins and success of Airbnb in the conditions wrought by the 2008 financial crisis, the authors bring together a diverse body of literature and construct case studies of cities in the US, Australia and Germany to examine the struggles of local authorities to protect their housing and neighborhoods from the increasing professionalization and commercialization of Airbnb. The book argues that the most disruptive impact of Airbnb and short-term rentals has been on housing and neighborhoods in urban centers where housing markets are stressed. Despite its claims, Airbnb has revealed itself as platform capitalism, incentivizing speculation in residential housing. At the heart of this trajectory is its business model and control over access to data. In a first narrative, the authors discuss how Airbnb has institutionalized short-term rentals, consequently removing long-term rentals, contributing to rising rents and changing neighborhood milieus as visitors replace long-term residents. In a second narrative the authors trace the transformation of short-term rentals into a multibillion-dollar hybrid real estate sector promoting a variety of flexible tenure models. While these models provide more options for owners and investors, they have the potential to undermine housing security and exacerbate housing inequality. While the overall effects have been similar across countries and cities, depending on housing systems, local response has varied from less restrictive in Australia to increasingly restrictive in the United States and most restrictive in Germany. Although Airbnb has made some concessions, it has not given any city the data needed to efficiently enforce regulations, making for costly externalities. Written in a clear and direct style, this volume will appeal to students and scholars in Urban Studies, Urban Planning, Housing and Tourism Studies.

This volume provides an accessible overview of cultural tourism in southern Africa. It examines the utilisation of culture in southern African tourism and the related impacts, possibilities and challenges from deep and wide-ranging perspectives. The chapters use case studies to showcase some of the cultural tourism which occurs in the region and link to concepts such as authenticity, commodification, the tourist gaze and 'Otherness', heritage, sustainability and sustainable livelihoods. The authors scrutinise both positive and negative impacts of cultural tourism throughout the book and explore issues including the definition of community, ethical considerations, empowerment, gender, participation and inequality. The book will be a useful resource for students and researchers of tourism, geography, anthropology and cultural studies.

Tourism is often a key driver of economic growth in many countries. The recent upward trends of tourism and hospitality education in higher academic institutions in Bangladesh suggests a growing tourism sector. Very little has been written on Bangladesh's tourism industry. This is the first edited volume published from an international publisher which looks at this industry and how it has developed and flourished. The book begins by looking at tourism policy planning and provides a comprehensive overview of topics from tourism products and services in Bangladesh to how they are being marketed. It also discusses how private and public tourism institutions can address future long term trends. This book will appeal to those interested to learn more about developing tourism industry in emerging economies and may provide invaluable lessons from Bangladesh's experience and success.

According to the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), international tourists engaging in cultural activities accounted for more than 500 million of international tourist numbers in 2017. City tourism relies on culture as a major product, providing benefits not only for interested visitors, but also for the local resident population. New trends in tourism include "experiential tourism", where the interactions between tourists and residents become a key part of the tourism experience and overall customer satisfaction. New technologies and IT applications allow tourists to design their own trip, given the presence of global companies like Trip Advisor, Booking.com and AirBnB. This comprehensive volume explores new trends in cultural tourism, demonstrating how and why culture has become a central factor in tourism. The authors analyse a wide range of relevant issues, including: how heritage-based and cultural tourism could contribute to the sustainability of destinations; the increase of religious travels to and within Arab countries; and how cultural tourism fosters understanding among people and cultures, and could even potentially help to consolidate peace at a regional level. The book also analyses interactions between hosts (the local residents) and guests (the cultural visitors), revisiting the pioneer hippy travelling experiences in Turkey of the 1960s and how they shaped youth culture. This book will be of great interest to students and researchers of cultural tourism. The chapters were originally published in the journal Anatolia.

This book examines the nexus between exploring and tourism and argues that exploration travel - based heavily on explorer narratives and the promises of personal challenges and change - is a major trend in future tourism. In particular, it analyses how romanticised myths of explorers form a foundation for how modern day tourists view travel and themselves. Its scope ranges from the 'Golden Age' of imperial explorers in the 19th and early 20th centuries, through the growth of adventure and extreme tourism, to possible future trends including space travel. The volume should appeal to researchers and students across a variety of disciplines, including tourism studies, sociology, geography and history.

This book addresses the growing demand for collaborative and reflexive scholarly engagement in the Arctic directed at providing relevant insights to tackle local challenges of arctic communities. It examines how arctic research can come to matter in new ways by combining methods and engagement in the field of inquiry in new and meaningful ways. Research informs decisions affecting the futures of arctic communities. Due to its ability to include local concerns and practices, collaborative research could play a greater role in this process. By way of example of how to bring new voices to the fore in research, this edited collection presents experiences of researchers active in collaborative arctic research. It draws multidisciplinary perspectives from a broad range of academics in the fields such as law and medicine over tourism and business studies, planning and development, cultural studies, ethnology and anthropology. It also shares personal experiences of working in Greenland and with Greenlanders, whether communities, businesses and entrepreneurs, public officials and planners, patients or students. Offering useful insights into the current problems of Greenland representative of the arctic region, this book will be beneficial for researchers and scientists involved in arctic research.

This book is a cumulative analysis of an international, longitudinal study of a tour program which brings Jewish youth from around the world to Israel. It is a case study of the longest running and most thoroughly documented, intentionally organized heritage tour program in existence, including a wealth of data never previously published. Issues central to Jewish studies are explored in depth, including cross-cultural analysis of the impact and meaning of the program in Jewish communities around the world. Additionally, it touches on core issues related to identity in the post-modern era, the sociology of contemporary tourism, and informal education and adolescent psychology and sociology. The book is relevant to researchers, professionals and university students in the fields of Jewish studies and tourism.