A new book, "The Work/Life Dichotomy," explores the redesign of mundane jobs; studies the trends in work/life relationships; and examines the link between training and the supply and demand of skilled and unskilled labor. Because business has shifted to a human development orientation, the book is of great value to HR professionals. . . . This book should be required reading for those concerned with the gap between work and life and reuniting the two for a healthier society, one in which human growth and development are as important as corporate productivity gains. "HR Magazine"

In his provocative new book, Morf argues that the severe productivity problems being experienced in Western economies--particularly in the United States--result from an entrenched perceived dichotomy between work and life in our society. Further, he asserts, social problems such as lack of competitiveness in world markets and low worker morale and individual concerns like low job satisfaction can only be attacked effectively when seen for what they are: manifestations of this deep gap between work life and home life which began to develop during the industrial revolution. Morf's sober, well-researched, yet eminently readable book synthesizes information from a variety of disciplines ranging from history to industrial psychology to offer a groundbreaking presentation of the complex relationship between society, culture, and the work sphere.

Morf looks closely at current efforts to increase productivity as they are practiced within organizations, demonstrating that most are doomed to failure because they neglect to address the basic problem. He presents an interactive systems view of the relationship between work and life and between job and worker, a perspective familiar to the Japanese, but largely ignored in the United States. This interactive systems view leads Morf to a consideration of the positive effects of well-designed work on the personality and long-term productivity of the worker, an approach which must be taken, he argues, if the United States is to regain its standing in world markets. Finally, Morf offers a systematic set of strategies for reintegrating people and jobs, ranging from importing selected ideas and practices on worker participation from abroad, to traditional methods of organizational development and job design. An important contribution to the human resources literature, this book brings a new voice to the debate over America's increasingly troublesome productivity levels.

Considerable social changes are underway as more women, particularly mothers, enter and remain in paid employment. The authors explore these changes (which include an increase in dual-earner families, declining fertility, and growing problems of work-life 'balance'), both comparatively and specifically in a number of European countries (Britain, France, The Netherlands, Finland, Norway, Sweden and Portugal). Original survey data, and qualitative evidence, is deployed in a series of cutting-edge chapters written by national and international experts.

This book provides a novel approach to unemployment as a contested political field in Europe and examines the impact of welfare state regimes, conceived as political opportunity structures specific to this field, public debates and collective mobilizations in unemployment politics.

Women's work in South Asia often remains invisible in official statistics and development research. This is partly due to the inadequacy of the national data systems and partly because existing sociocultural constraints restrict women's participation in economic activities outside the domain of the family. The pattern of female labour participation in South Asia has distinct spatial dimensions which cannot be explained in terms of economic rationale alone; the region-specific context defining women's roles remains vitally important. This book integrates different scales of analysis and methodologies with indigenous and Western contributors combining macro and micro studies. Highlighting the 'public' and 'private' domains of women's work, the book discusses both the inadequacies of nationally published data at an aggregate level and regional and locally-induced religious, cultural and societal constraints on gender relations. Setting contextually specific studies within a broader geographical framework, Women and Work in South Asia explores the real connection between female autonomy and economic independence.

Central to all our lives, work affects our status in the state, the family, and the economy. This comprehensive reader examines the myriad ways in which work whether it is well-paid, unpaid, or underpaid profoundly influences our roles in both the public and private spheres. Jacqueline Goodman has selected a key set of essays that examine influential arguments on such central themes as (1) the origins of the gendered division of labor; (2) historical trends and economic transformations that affect and are affected by women's position in market and non-market work; (3) the effects of occupational and job segregation by sex on status, pay, and promotion; (4) the ways in which formal and informal organizational culture shape and in turn are shaped by gender in professional and managerial positions; (5) class consciousness among wage-earning men and women; (6) the different forms of gender discrimination that women and men face in the workplace; (7) the problems working parents face and the ways in which different societies, subcultures, and genders cope; and (8) alternative approaches to improving the lives of working women and their families in the global economy. With its rich interdisciplinary perspective, this text is ideal for courses in sociology, political science, anthropology, and women's and gender studies. Contributions by: Amel Adib, Kevin Bales, Dorothy Sue Cobble, Sharon M. Collins, Ruth Schwartz Cowan, Susan Eisenberg, Ashley English, Yen Le Espiritu, Anne Fausto-Sterling, Nancy Folbre, Carla Freeman, Michele Ruth Gamburd, Jacqueline Goodman, Janet C. Gornick, Yvonne Guerrier, Luigi Guiso, Shannon Harper, Heidi Hartmann, Ariane Hegewisch, Arlie Russell Hochschild, Pierrette Hondagneu-Sotelo, Jacqueline Jones, Rosabeth Moss Kanter, Ivy Kennelly, Alice Kessler-Harris, Michael Kimmel, Eleanor Leacock, Judith Lorber, Susan E. Martin, Marcia K.Meyers, Ferdinando Monte, Martha C. Nussbaum, Jennifer Pierce, Pun Ngai, Barbara Reskin, Tracey Reynolds, Leslie Salzinger, Paola Sapienza, Joan W. Scott, Tyson Smith, Margaret Talbot, Louise A. Tilly, Christine L. Williams, Muhammad Yunus, and Luigi Zingales."

South Africa has one of the highest rates of youth unemployment and is renowned for being one of the most unequal societies in the world. In this context, training and education play critical roles in helping young people escape poverty and unemployment. Post-school Education offers insights about the way in which young people in South Africa navigate their way through a host of post-school training and education options. The topics range from access to, and labour market transitions from, vocational education, adult education, universities, and workplace-based training. The individual chapters offer up-to-date analyses, identify some of the challenges that young people face when accessing training and education and also point to gaps between education and the labour market. The contributors are all experts in their respective components but write with a holistic view of the post-school education system, using an unashamedly empirical lens. Post-school Education will be of interest to all researchers and policymakers concerned with the transformative role of further education and training in society.

This edited collection brings together research findings from a wide range of academics investigating equal opportunities and managing diversity. It explores the impact of gender, race/ethnicity, disability and age on employment opportunities and examines theoretical issues underlying the experience of discrimination. Based on original research, each chapter analyzes a different facet of equality and diversity and draws out the policy implications. The chapters adopt a variety of qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze cases from various countries, highlighting differences and similarities in the formulation and implementation of equality and diversity policies.

This text explores the impact of race and racism in different occupational spheres within the labor market. It reexamines a number of central assumptions about segregation within the labor market and applies the concept of social closure to the analysis of the position of ethnic minority workers within the labor market. Key themes in the book include the effectiveness of equal opportunity and affirmative action policies and the extent to which employment practice has been significantly altered.

"The Women of Azua" studies the effects of male-oriented economic development projects and export processing industries on the traditional family structure in Third World countries. Emphasizing the sexual division of labor, this study is based on field observations and a survey of women in rural communities in the Dominican Republic. The communities studied are all located near large agribusiness food-production facilities. The author studies the impact of these companies--through their employment of women--on families, attitudes, level of living, and the aspirations of the women themselves. While measuring the impact of industrial employment on women and their families, this volume also presents a culture, and its women, not yet studied by North American sociologists.

This study covers a wide range of characteristics including levels of living, employment, marital status and attitudes, household division of labor, nutrition and health, childbearing, aspirations for children, etc. For each topic the author compares two representative samples of women: a community sample and a worker sample. The typical woman in the rural Dominican Republic is seen through the community sample. The worker sample displays the differences in women's lives due to their work for an export food-processing company.

The Jewish Labor Movement was a radical subculture that flourished within the trade union and political movements in the United States in the early part of the twentieth century. Jewish immigrant activists--socialists, communists, anarchists, and labor Zionists--adapted aspects of the traditions with which they were raised in order to express the politics of social transformation. In doing so, they created a folk ideology which reflected their dual ethnic/class identity. This book explores that folk ideology, through an analysis of interviews with participants in the Jewish Labor Movement as well as through a survey of the voluminous literature written about that movement.

A synthesis of political ideology and ethnic tradition was carefully crafted by secular working-class Jewish immigrant radicals who rediscovered and reformulated elements of Jewish traditions as vehicles for political organizing. Commonly held symbols of their cultural identity--the Yiddish language, rituals such as the Passover seder, remembered narratives of the Eastern European "shtetl," and biblical imagery--served as powerful tools in forging political solidarity among fellow Jewish workers and activists within the Jewish Labor Movement.

In this sweeping narrative history from the Great Depression of the 1930s to the Great Recession of today, Caring for America rethinks both the history of the American welfare state from the perspective of care work and chronicles how home care workers eventually became one of the most vibrant forces in the American labor movement. Eileen Boris and Jennifer Klein demonstrate the ways in which law and social policy made home care a low-waged job that was stigmatized as welfare and relegated to the bottom of the medical hierarchy.
For decades, these front-line caregivers labored in the shadows of a welfare state that shaped the conditions of the occupation. Disparate, often chaotic programs for home care, which allowed needy, elderly, and disabled people to avoid institutionalization, historically paid poverty wages to the African American and immigrant women who constituted the majority of the labor force. Yet policymakers and welfare administrators linked discourses of dependence and independence-claiming that such jobs would end clients' and workers' "dependence" on the state and provide a ticket to economic independence. The history of home care illuminates the fractured evolution of the modern American welfare state since the New Deal and its race, gender, and class fissures. It reveals why there is no adequate long-term care in America.
Caring for America is much more than a history of social policy, however; it is also about a powerful contemporary social movement. At the front and center of the narrative are the workers-poor women of color-who have challenged the racial, social, and economic stigmas embedded in the system. Caringfor America traces the intertwined, sometimes conflicting search of care providers and receivers for dignity, self-determination, and security. It highlights the senior citizen and independent living movements; the civil rights organizing of women on welfare and domestic workers; the battles of public sector unions; and the unionization of health and service workers. It rethinks the strategies of the U.S. labor movement in terms of a growing care work economy. Finally, it makes a powerful argument that care is a basic right for all and that care work merits a living wage.

The median age of workers in the United States will reach 36 by the year 2000. The number of workers between the ages of 35 and 47 will increase by 38 percent, while those aged 48 to 53 will grow by a staggering 67 percent. This middle aging of the work force brings with it unique employee issues and personal mid-life stresses that affect work performance. Shirley A. Waskel suggests that as the number of workers aged 35 to 55 increases, human resource managers will have to deal increasingly with problems that once applied only to a minority. Her book addresses the need to retain mid-life workers, see them as assets, and provide avenues for them to enhance their own sense of self.

Mid-life as a developmental stage has come into its own in the past fifteen years. Waskel presents the mid-life individual as an adult who has brought along the behaviors, coping mechanisms, sense of self, and problems developed from infancy to the present day. Her study explains the problems that mid-life employees can bring to the workplace, the need to recognize how the worker produces, and the recognition that mid-life is a time when people begin to deal more intensely with issues left over from childhood. These childhood issues, added to workplace problems such as age, sex and race discrimination, sexual harassment, ineffective job placement, and lack of appreciation for the skills and expertise of the mid-life employee can all work against achieving a highly productive work force. Waskel discusses why no organization with these types of problems can expect to thrive and suggests programs (such as the Employee Assistance Program) and counseling groups as ways for human resource specialists to meet the challenge of mid-life employee difficulties. Mid-life Issues and the Workplace of the 90s is an indispensable guide for students and teachers of business, psychology, counseling, and sociology, as well as mid-life workers and human resource specialists.

Critical Perspectives in Emergency Services Management makes an important contribution to the subject of emergency services management and to public administration and organization studies more generally. It critically assesses developments in emergency services management by examining the multi-dimensional nature of the provision of emergency services and their connectedness in advanced western democracies. The effective management of emergency services has never been more important than in today's high-pressured and cost-conscious public sector. The authors of this volume forensically analyse the challenges of delivering emergency services within this context. This book provides an in-depth, scholarly and comprehensive analysis of the changing landscape of emergency service provision and clearly addresses a gap in the market for a critical volume on the emergency services. For anyone seeking to understand why and how the management of emergency services matters, this collection is essential reading.

The effective utilization of available resources is a pivotal factor for production levels in modern business environments. However, when resources are limited or in excess, this effects organizational success, as well as the labor market. The Handbook of Research on Unemployment and Labor Market Sustainability in the Era of Globalization is a comprehensive reference source for the latest scholarly research on the socio-economic dynamics of unemployment and the development of new policies to assist in regulating the global labor market. Highlighting innovative approaches and relevant perspectives, such as outsourcing, trade openness, and employment protection, this publication is ideally designed for policy makers, professionals, practitioners, graduate students, and academics interested in emerging trends for labor market development.

Exploring recent contemporary debates on gender and migration, this book scrutinizes the relationship between women's work in ethnic economies and social integration, arguing that women in Britain zigzag their way to social integration.

This book examines recent developments in Brazilian labour relations. Analysing the current state of labour relations in Brazil, the author shows how the proposals advanced by the new unionism have put strong pressure on the corporate system still legally enforced and have successfully developed a new political culture he terms the 'political culture of active citizenship'.

Although many studies are available on visitors to cultural institutions, the infrequent or non-visitors are largely unexplored. However, they make up the majority of the population. Their motivation for not visiting is therefore the focus of this volume. This volume provides an in-depth overview of the international state of nonvisitor research. Building on this, extensive quantitative and qualitative analyses are conducted on reasons for non-visitation. This is followed by an empirically based, practice-oriented theory of visitor attraction. The authors thus present the first comprehensive work on non-visitor research in Germany. This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Nicht-Besucherforschung by Martin Troendle,published by Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, part of Springer Nature in 2019. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.

This title explores understandings and experiences of 'dirty work' - tasks or occupations that are seen as disgusting and degrading. It complicates the 'clean/dirty' divide in the context of organisations and work and illustrates some of the complex ways in which dirty work identities are managed.

This book is the first ever collection of scholarly essays on the history of the Irish working class. It provides a comprehensive introduction to the involvement of Irish workers in political life and movements between 1830 and 1945. Fourteen leading Irish and international historians and political scientists trace the politicization of Irish workers during a period of considerable social and political turmoil. The contributions include both surveys covering the entire period and case studies that provide new perspectives on crucial historical movements and moments. This volume is a milestone in Irish labour and political historiography and an important contribution to the international literature on politics and the working class.

While recent Labour and coalition governments have insisted that many unemployed people prefer state benefits to a job, and have tightened the rules attached to claiming unemployment benefits, mainstream academic research repeatedly concludes that only a tiny minority of unemployed benefit claimants are not strongly committed to employment. Andrew Dunn argues that the discrepancy can be explained by UK social policy academia leaving important questions unanswered. Dunn presents findings from four empirical studies which, in contrast to earlier research, focused on unemployed people's attitudes towards unattractive jobs and included interviews with people in welfare-to-work organisations. All four studies' findings were consistent with the view that many unemployed benefit claimants prefer living on benefits to undertaking jobs which would increase their income, but which they find unattractive. Thus, the studies gave support to politicians' view about the need to tighten benefit rules.

In recent years labor relations have altered significantly and new and more serious forms of labor marginalization and control have emerged. This book looks at labor in agriculture and food in a global era by studying salient characteristics of the conditions and use of labor in global agri-food. Written by experienced and also emerging scholars, the chapters present a wealth of empirical data and robust theorizations that allow readers to grasp the complexity of this topic. The volume stresses the new and emerging dimensions of labor and its continuous importance under globalization. Relevant to those studying the use and position of labor in neoliberal globalization, topics addressed include: Globalization and change in labor relations, mobility of agricultural labor, social upgrading, labor relations and resistance in the value chain.

This book analyses how public toilets were provided by the government and local business in Hong Kong between the 1860s and 1930s through a process that was embedded in class and racial politics. Addressing public toilet provision from a political economy perspective, it focuses on the interplay of the cross-border night soil business between Hong Kong and China's silk producing area; the silk market between China and Colonial powers; the Hong Kong land market between the colonial government and Chinese business; and how these factors jointly produced a network of toilets in the colony. As the book shows, the commercial viability of toilets created multiple logics and a new moral geography; further, exploring the topic can help us gain a better understanding of how urban governance functioned in colonies and how it intertwined with economic contingencies within a global economic system. The intended readership includes academics and members of the general public with an interest in colonialism, public infrastructures, public health, government-business relations, and urban governance.

During the twentieth century arrangements governing love, work, and their routinization in households and employment underwent a transformation. During this period women gained employment opportunities. This reduced sex differentiation, but did not equalize the roles or power of men and women. The goal of this book is to describe the trends and patterns that remain constant amidst the change, and to provide an integrated framework for understanding them. The authors focus on a three-tier level of integration that is not available in other studies of this kind. First, they combine the topics of households and employment, showing similarities and causal links between household and employment arrangements. Second, a conceptual framework is provided that gives attention to both individuals' choices and to the structural constraints that limit available options. Finally, an integration of economic and sociological views of employment, demographic behavior, and other household behavior is examined. By using both individual and structural views, Paula England and George Farkas provide an overview of this coupling. This work is unique in that it draws from both economics and sociology and from demographers in both disciplines. "Households, Employment, and Gender" is an analytic synthesis for scholars and an invaluable sourcebook for classes on gender, labor, the family, social demography, economics, and economic sociology.

Honours fulfil one of the most fundamental desires of human beings, namely, to be recognised and held in esteem by others. There are thousands of awards in all areas of society: the state, arts and media, sports, religion, the voluntary sector, academia, and business. Awards are well visible, can raise the recipients' intrinsic motivation and creativity, and establish a bond of loyalty to the giver. They have distinct advantages over money and other rewards. Presenting empirical evidence using modern statistical techniques Honours versus Money argues that awards can significantly raise performance in different contexts even if they are purely symbolic, recommending how this can be used in practice. It makes the case for reorienting our focus- away from the monetary or material dimensions of work and private life, and towards the symbolic dimensions to celebrate and shine a light on merit and achievement. Honours versus Money discusses award bestowals in their different forms and facets, including as signals and as components of organisations' human resource strategies. It opens our perspective for motivational strategies beyond money, while also outlining their potential pitfalls.

The growth of the services sector in developing countries and their increased participation in trade in services have far-reaching implications for promotion of employment and income and management of international migration. The book brings out these implications in the context of the Uruguay Round Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) and explains how trade-related temporary movements of persons can be a partial substitute for longer-term migration, serving the interests of both developed and developing countries in a more efficient global economy.