This book presents the most important advances in the class of
topological materials and discusses the topological
characterization, modeling and metrology of materials. Further, it
addresses currently emerging characterization techniques such as
optical and acoustic, vibrational spectroscopy (Brillouin,
infrared, Raman), electronic, magnetic, fluorescence correlation
imaging, laser lithography, small angle X-ray and neutron
scattering and other techniques, including site-selective
nanoprobes. The book analyzes the topological aspects to identify
and quantify these effects in terms of topology metrics. The
topological materials are ubiquitous and range from (i) de novo
nanoscale allotropes of carbons in various forms such as nanotubes,
nanorings, nanohorns, nanowalls, peapods, graphene, etc. to (ii)
metallo-organic frameworks, (iii) helical gold nanotubes, (iv)
Moebius conjugated polymers, (v) block co-polymers, (vi)
supramolecular assemblies, to (vii) a variety of biological and
soft-matter systems, e.g. foams and cellular materials, vesicles of
different shapes and genera, biomimetic membranes, and filaments,
(viii) topological insulators and topological superconductors, (ix)
a variety of Dirac materials including Dirac and Weyl semimetals,
as well as (x) knots and network structures. Topological databases
and algorithms to model such materials have been also established
in this book. In order to understand and properly characterize
these important emergent materials, it is necessary to go far
beyond the traditional paradigm of microscopic
structure-property-function relationships to a paradigm that
explicitly incorporates topological aspects from the outset to
characterize and/or predict the physical properties and currently
untapped functionalities of these advanced materials. Simulation
and modeling tools including quantum chemistry, molecular dynamics,
3D visualization and tomography are also indispensable. These
concepts have found applications in condensed matter physics,
materials science and engineering, physical chemistry and
biophysics, and the various topics covered in the book have
potential applications in connection with novel synthesis
techniques, sensing and catalysis. As such, the book offers a
unique resource for graduate students and researchers alike.
General
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