A "CHOICE"Outstanding Academic Title of 2010

For many women around the world, their greatest risk of HIV infection comes from having sex with the very person with whom they are supposed to have sex: their spouse. "The Secret" situates marital HIV risk within a broader exploration of marital and extramarital sexuality in five diverse settings: Mexico, Nigeria, Uganda, Vietnam, and Papua New Guinea. In these settings, the authors write, men's extramarital sex, is an officially secret but actually widespread (and widely acknowledged) social practice, rather than something men do because their bodies demand it and women can't stop them.

Drawing on research conducted as part of an innovative comparative ethnographic study, and modeling a novel approach to collaborative anthropological scholarship, the authors show men's extramarital sex to be a fundamental aspect of gendered social organization. Through theoretically sophisticated yet lucid writing and vivid ethnographic description, drawing on rich data from the marital case studies conducted by research teams in each country, they trace how extramarital opportunity structures, sexual geographies, and concerns about social risk facilitate men's participation in extramarital sex. Also documented throughout is the collision between traditional ways and the new practices of romantic companionate marriage."

This deeply insightful ethnography explores the healing power of caring and intimacy in a small, closely bonded Apostolic congregation during Botswana's HIV/AIDS pandemic. "Death in a Church of Life" paints a vivid picture of how members of the Baitshepi Church make strenuous efforts to sustain loving relationships amid widespread illness and death. Over the course of long-term fieldwork, Frederick Klaits discovered Baitshepi's distinctly maternal ethos and the 'spiritual' kinship embodied in the church's nurturing fellowship practice. Klaits shows that for Baitshepi members, Christian faith is a form of moral passion that counters practices of divination and witchcraft with redemptive hymn singing, prayer, and the use of therapeutic substances. An online audio annex makes available the examples of the church members' preachings and songs.

Courage and Hope gives voice to the real life experiences of 12 HIV-positive teachers, five of whom are women, from Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, Senegal, Tanzania (both Mainland and Zanzibar) and Zambia. The teachers recount their experiences of discovering their HIV-positive status and how this has affected them in their families, their communities, and their professional lives. Their stories are documented by journalists, emphasizing the human dimension. The voices of these teachers suggest that a number of obstacles are commonly faced by teachers living with HIV. Paramount among them are stigma and discrimination, both within their families and communities as well as their workplaces and in society more generally. The difficulties of overcoming stigma and discrimination are further exacerbated by a failure to ensure confidentiality in the workplace. The voices of these teachers also suggest that these obstacles could be usefully addressed by: * Fully implementing existing national and institutional policies. * Increasing involvement of teachers living with HIV in setting policies and giving practical advice. * Providing universal access to voluntary counselling and testing, care and support. * Addressing HIV issues during teacher training activities to reduce stigma among teachers and to equip teachers with the skills to avoid infection and teach young people about HIV, including avoiding infection and focusing on stigma and discrimination reduction. Each teacher presents a unique story demonstrating a wide range of challenges as well as insights and successes and, individually as well as collectively, displaying extraordinary courage and hope.

The five research reports that constitute this monograph are a fruit of the collaboration between the Council for the Development of Social Science Research in African (CODESRIA) and the Social Science Research Council (SSRC), two institutions with a longstanding interest in the study of youth and social transformations in Africa. Under the collaboration, 12 young African researchers were able to benefit from fellowships, workshops and the expertise of resource persons. The studies contribute significant empirical insights from five different countries (Tanzania, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Zimbabwe and Cameroon) to ongoing debates on how youth and social processes in Africa shape, and are shaped, by the HIV/AIDS pandemic.

The Political Cost of AIDS in Africa provides comprehensive empirical evidence of the impact HIV/AIDS is having on politics and the electoral process. The latest publication to come out of an extensive study by Idasa and its research partners, this book reveals that the fledgling multi-party democracies in parts of the continent are being undermined by sickness, incapacity and premature deaths among elected leaders as well as within the electorate. The book suggests innovative and holistic responses to address these problems. A culmination of three years of exploratory studies by African researchers working under the auspices of Idasa, it demonstrates how AIDS is interwoven with the continent's ambitions for deepening democracy. With chapters on Namibia, Malawi, Tanzania, South Africa, Senegal and Zambia, this study investigates: the attrition among elected political leaders and the costs of replacing them; the loss of elected representatives, its effect on constituencies, and the power dynamics in parliamentary structures and in democratic governance; the failure to maintain voter registers and how it affects the credibility of electoral outcomes; the effect of stigma and discrimination on political participation.

This collection of essays by some of South Africa's foremost HIV/AIDS writers, doctors, and activists takes readers down the rabbit hole of AIDS denialism when thousands of people died unnecessarily as their treatment became the subject of intellectual debate by politicians. Recounting the democratic, postapartheid government's questioning of the link between HIV and AIDS and the contention of the inefficacy of antiretroviral drugs, this history stands as both a chronicle of the past and a cautionary tale for the future.

Substantial financial and human resources from donors, governments, civil society organisations and the private sector have been committed to fighting HIV/AIDS since it was first discovered in Africa. As more resources are allocated, there is a growing need for countries to properly account for these funds. HIV/AIDS Financing and Spending in Eastern and Southern Africa measures the financial response to the pandemic in five selected countries (Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania (mainland), Malawi Zambia and Zanzibar). This publication emerges out of an extensive multi-country resource tracking project conducted by the AIDS Budget Unit of Idasas Governance and AIDS Programme (GAP).

This book is the fifth in the "AWLAE" series. "The AWLAE" titles address the issue of gendered impacts of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. The present book is based on research in a village in Tanzania about the role of social capital in mitigating AIDS impacts, at the level of the household and within the local community. It contributes to the current knowledge base on social capital by questioning general assumptions on the role of social capital in rural livelihoods in a context of high HIV/AIDS prevalence.Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the research yielded empirical evidence about the limitations of social capital as a resource for the poor. Both the generation and sustenance of social capital at household level are severely challenged by declining access to other livelihood assets as a consequence of HIV/AIDS. In a situation where HIV/AIDS is still shrouded in secrecy and stigma at the community level, a decline of trust in social relations and community institutions as well as a proliferation of witchcraft accusations, could be observed. This insightful publication provides a timely contribution to the discourse on the significance of social capital for the poor, ensuring that social scientists will never look at social capital in quite the same way.

Between its founding in 1966 and its formal end in 1980, the Black Panther Party blazed a distinctive trail in American political culture. The Black Panthers are most often remembered for their revolutionary rhetoric and militant action. Here Alondra Nelson deftly recovers an indispensable but lesser-known aspect of the organization's broader struggle for social justice: health care. The Black Panther Party's health activism-its network of free health clinics, its campaign to raise awareness about genetic disease, and its challenges to medical discrimination-was an expression of its founding political philosophy and also a recognition that poor blacks were both underserved by mainstream medicine and overexposed to its harms. Drawing on extensive historical research as well as interviews with former members of the Black Panther Party, Nelson argues that the Party's focus on health care was both practical and ideological. Building on a long tradition of medical self-sufficiency among African Americans, the Panthers' People's Free Medical Clinics administered basic preventive care, tested for lead poisoning and hypertension, and helped with housing, employment, and social services. In 1971, the party launched a campaign to address sickle-cell anemia. In addition to establishing screening programs and educational outreach efforts, it exposed the racial biases of the medical system that had largely ignored sickle-cell anemia, a disease that predominantly affected people of African descent. The Black Panther Party's understanding of health as a basic human right and its engagement with the social implications of genetics anticipated current debates about the politics of health and race. That legacy-and that struggle-continues today in the commitment of health activists and the fight for universal health care.

This overview provides an introduction to a study on The Political Cost of AIDS in Africa conducted by the South African democracy institute Idasa, and its research partners in different countries in Africa. It provides comprehensive empirical evidence of the impact HIV/AIDS is having on politics and the electoral process and demonstrates that the fledgling multi-party democracies in parts of the continent are being undermined by sickness, incapacity and premature deaths among elected leaders as well as within the electorate. The culmination of three years of exploratory research, the study shows how AIDS is interwoven with the continent's ambitions for deepening democracy. It is also available is an expanded companion volume, which provides the details of the study's research findings in separate chapters on Namibia, Malawi, Tanzania, South Africa, Senegal and Zambia.

'The really extraordinary thing about this book is that it tells the story of how one mother embarked on her feverish course of involvement in the AIDS community, in large part to help herself come to terms with the possibility of her son's death. But all that work really doesn't prepare her. She becomes incredibly intimate with a series of strangers, yet she and her son have more and more trouble talking about his illness, which is the reason she is doing all this in the first place. She becomes indispensable at the bedsides of countless other people, but when Gary is dying, she still feels helpless, disconnected and as if she'd never set foot in an AIDS hospital room. What is moving about this book is the fact that all this preparation doesn't prepare, because nothing can prepare her' - Susan Choi, Pulitzer Prize finalist, "American Woman".

The author is trained in biology, microbiology, medicine and epidemiology in the US. His book is predicated on two main points: the Aids pandemic is so pervasive in Africa that drastic measures are needed; and that those measures must primarily depend on prevention. He discusses such a comprehensive approach and treatment, and stresses that the primary need is political will. The first four chapters deal with the general principles of history and epidemiology; and then focus on the effect of the epidemic in Africa and how to deal with it. Whilst a wealth of technical information is given, the language is accessible for the lay reader.

This book was originally written as a doctoral dissertation. The research in this book was carried out among banana- farming households in the districts of Masaka and Kabarole in Uganda. A gendered livelihood approach was used. The research focused on the identification of critical factors that need to be taken into consideration in the development of relevant policies for HIV/AIDS-affected agriculture-based households or those that are at risk. The book shows that HIV/AIDS causes significant negative effects on the lives of those affected. Their resources are affected due to HIV/AIDS- related labour loss and asset-eroding effects and disinvestment in production and child education. While in the overwhelming majority of the affected cases the effects of AIDS are negative and lead to increased impoverishment and vulnerability, for some households HIV/AIDS-related effects are manageable. It is concluded that a household's socio- economic status and demographic characteristics influence the magnitude of HIV/AIDS-related impacts experienced and capacity to cope. The book also highlights some historically specific social practices, policies, and ideologies that continue to maintain or reproduce distinct forms of inequality, with certain social groups being marginalized and others being privileged. Unless these are redressed, they will continue to aggravate people's vulnerability regardless of the type of shock that they are exposed to or experience.

Why does South Africa have one of the worst AIDS epidemics in the world, and why have all attempts to deal with it led to deepening controversy and strife?

Side Effects is an historical account that gets to grip with these vexing questions. It explains how, and why, AIDS conquered one of the richest countries on the African continent. Written in fast-moving journalistic style, it is a tale of the failures of Presidents and people; of the legacy of apartheid; of bureaucratic indifference and corporate greed. It lays bare the lost opportunities and fateful decisions that led to mass death at a time when medical and social science had cleared the way to the prevention and treatment of the worst disease ever to have afflicted humankind.

Above all, it is the biography of an extraordinary virus. A virus that enters a society, just as it enters the body, at its weakest point: an opportunistic virus that has triumphed over the vulnerabilities of a country in transition. Based on extensive research and in-depth interviews with key players, side effects provides the background to current political controversies about the government's AIDS programme.

It also gives the first credible explanation for President Mbeki's flirtation with the AIDS denialists - a departure that reopened the scientific debate on AIDS at a global level, and has set back South Africa's AIDS response by many years.

This updated publication, including an addendum, addresses various issues around HIV/AIDS, discussed in the context of the workplace. In line with the unit standard requirements, the material includes a variety of formative assessment activities, using individual, pair and group work assignments, actual case studies, fact boxes, other useful and up-to date information and glossary terms.

HIV/Aids affects every walk of like, and has a profound influence on everything we do -- in our closest relationships, at home, at school/college/university. Not a day goes by without a reference to the pandemic in the newspapers or on the electronic media. Just as the virus infects the body and every cell in the body, so it affects every single person living on this planet. This book addresses the issues of HIV/Aids, what it is, how it is spread, what can be done to avoid becoming HIV positive are discussed in the context of the workplace.

An issue of the highest concern for both the Church and society in Malawi is the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The former Vice-Chancellor of the University of Malawi here considers the extent to which the Church and civil society have worked together to address the pandemic in the region. Formerly a Baptist Minister in Botswana, he focuses on the experience of the country perhaps most ravaged by HIV/AIDS in the world.

As a result of the AIDS epidemic, many nations around the world have faced the demands of caring for a particularly vulnerable population of children, the orphans of parents who have died of AIDS or whose caregivers are terminally ill from the disease. Overcoming AIDS: Lessons Learned from Uganda offers an in-depth exploration of this global issue and provides a broad focus on evolving a constructive response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This collaborative resource is the fourth in the Research in Global Child Advocacy book series, and it offers readers a glimpse into the experience of HIV/AIDS infected and affected people from the perspective of researchers, policy makers, and professionals who diligently work toward crafting a framework for action that is integrated across disciplines. Despite the enormity and intensity of the problem, chapter authors share a commitment to advocate for a better world in which social and economic disparities do not preclude children from experiencing a future that is bright with potential opportunities and hope.

June 5 2006 was the 25th anniversary of the first medical report of Aids. 25 years on, Aids is a global catastrophe, with 25 million dead and another 40 million infected. The UN held a crisis session in May 2006. But the disaster could have been prevented. What went wrong? In body count aids campaigner and journalist Peter Gill calls those responsible to account. Meticulously researched, the title unearths new and shocking facts. How successive US presidents, including Bill Clinton (now a great Aids champion), failed to provide leadership against the pandemic. How George W Bush committed $15 billion to fighting Aids, but insists on a seriously flawed Aids prevention policy. How Christian campaigners for sexual abstinence influence the US Aids programme – and how moral disapproval of prostitution and needle exchange put vulnerable people at risk. How sex, race and the politics of liberation fatally blinkered President Mbeki's response to Aids in South Africa where one in five are HIV-positive, and how his health minister, a qualified doctor, says that garlic is a better treatment than drugs. How one African leader failed to respond to the death of thousands of men, women and children, and then declared: 'the wages of sin are death'. How courageous Roman Catholic missionaries in South America and Africa stood up for condoms gainst the rigid opposition of their local superiors and the Vatican. How western pharmaceutical companies manoeuvred to protect their patents and profits against the interests of poor people. How Tony Blair's Labour government vigorously promotes universal Aids treatment in Africa, but ignores the fate of many HIV-positive Africans in Britain. And how the Thatcher government did better than Labour in combating Aids. The title includes unique interviews with politicians, church leaders, campaigners and HIV positive people - Colin Powell, who as US Secretary of State was in charge of the Bush Aids programme, is now sharply at odds with the administration on the question of condoms; Dr German Velasquez, a World Health Organization official, who was assaulted and warned to 'stop messing with the pharmaceutical industry'; Zackie Achmat, HIV-positive South African activist, who refused to take his treatment until the government made antiretrovirals available to everyone; Father Valeriano Paitoni, an Italian missionary in Sao Paulo, who says that if Christ was on earth today, He would be saying 'Use the condom.' Peter Gill has recently led a major campaign against Aids in India for the BBC World Service Trust. He has been a foreign correspondent for the Daily Telegraph in south Asia and the Middle East, and has travelled widely in the developing world as a TV reporter for Thames Television, Channel 4 and the BBC.

'A Blood Condition is one of the most arresting and beautiful set of poems of this or any year' Guardian, Books of the Year 2021 *SHORTLISTED FOR THE COSTA POETRY AWARD* *SHORTLISTED FOR THE T. S. ELIOT PRIZE* *SHORTLISTED FOR THE FORWARD PRIZE FOR BEST COLLECTION* *LONGLISTED FOR THE 2022 JHALAK PRIZE* The moving, expansive, and dazzling second collection from award-winning poet Kayo Chingonyi Kayo Chingonyi's remarkable second collection follows the course of a 'blood condition' as it finds its way to deeply personal grounds. From the banks of the Zambezi river to London and Leeds, these poems speak to how distance and time, nations and history, can collapse within a body. With astonishing lyricism and musicality, this is a story of multiple inheritances -- of grief and survival, renewal and the painful process of letting go -- and a hymn to the people and places that run in our blood. 'A thing of beauty. It's a pleasure to read such a sure and strident second outing from one of our most celebrated young poets' Diana Evans 'An elegantly spare, cathartic and poignant but never indulgent collection that invites repeated reading' Telegraph 'The musicality and the hard reason is just so fresh, you feel altered by it' Andrew O'Hagan

Across Africa, HIV/AIDS is slowly killing millions of people in the prime of their lives, weakening state-structures, deepening poverty and reversing the gains in life expectancy achieved over the past century. Although many who study the dynamics of Africa's AIDS crisis accept that, to some degree, its entrenchment is a socially produced phenomenon, few have examined the contributions of the continent's ubiquitous poverty, the impact of the pervasive Structural Adjustment Programmes or Africa's marginalization in the process of globalization, on the course and intensity of the epidemic - until now. This book explores the socio-economic context of Africa's vulnerability to HIV/AIDS as well as assessing the politics of domestic and global response. Using primary and secondary data, the book charts the power relations driving Africa's HIV/AIDS epidemic, frustrating the possibility of alleviation and recovery as well as working to relegate the continent to a bleak and vulnerable future. In this sense, this book marks a radical departure by providing a comprehensive analysis of Africa's vulnerability to AIDS and the challenges confronting policy makers as they seek to reverse the escalating prevalence of AIDS on the continent. The volume will be of immense value to all those interested in Africa's socio-political and economic development. It will be essential reading for students of comparative politics, international relations, and globalization.

This definitive textbook covers all aspects of HIV/AIDS in southern Africa, from basic science to medicine, sociology, economics and politics. It has been written by a highly-respected team of southern African HIV experts and provides a thoroughly researched account of the epidemic in the region. The book comprises eight sections, the first of which covers the numbers behind the epidemic, both as evolution and in their current state. This is followed by sections on the science of the virus, including its structure, diagnosis and spread. HIV risk factors and prevention strategies, focal population groups and the impact of AIDS in all aspects of South African life are discussed in the following four sections. The final sections examine the treatment of HIV and AIDS, the politics of AIDS, mathematical modelling and a discussion on the future of AIDS in South Africa.

When Edwin Cameron announced to a stunned local and international media that he - one of South Africa's most prominent citizens - was himself living with the HIV/AIDS virus cutting swathes through the population of the continent, the impact was immediate. In Witness to AIDS, Edwin Cameron's compelling memoir, he grapples with the meaning of HIV/AIDS: for him as he confronts the possibility of his own lingering death, and for all of us in facing up to one of the most desperate challenges of our time. In his intensely personal account of survival, Cameron blends elements of his destitute childhood with his daily duties as a senior judge and international human rights lawyer, while focusing always on the epidemic's central issues : stigma, unjust discrimination, and, most vitally, the life-and-death question of access to treatment. Cameron's remarkable story of his own survival in an epidemic that has cost millions of lives is at once moving and uplifting, sobering and ultimately hopeful. 'This book will be a major contribution by a courageous South African towards that quest for a better life for all.' - Nelson Mandela 'If truth is beauty, this relentlessly brilliant and hopeful book is beautiful. It is a text to live by, if we aspire to the possibility of a better life for all...in a world widely threatened by HIV/Aids.' - Nadine Gordimer, winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature, 1991

Volume 1. This Sourcebook aims to support efforts by countries to strengthen the role of the education sector in the prevention of HIV/AIDS. It was developed in response to numerous requests for a simple forum to help countries share their practical experiences of designing and implementing programs that are targeted at school-age children. The Sourcebook seeks to fulfill this role by providing concise summaries of programs, using a standard format that highlights the main elements of the programs and makes it easier to compare the programs with each other. A Sourcebook of HIV/AIDS Prevention Programs documents 13 education based HIV/AIDS prevention programs targeting children and youth from 7 sub-Saharan African countries. It is sponsored by UNAIDS, UNICEF, UNESCO, UNFPA, DFID, USAID, Ireland Aid and the World Bank. The Sourcebook represents the work of many contributors (acknowledged in the book), and was developed by the Partnership for Child Development with the World Bank, with principal support from Ireland Aid and the Norwegian Education Trust Fund.

There is evidence that women who live in societies that uphold male privilege - the majority of the world's women-are at increased risk for HIV infection. In "Local Women, Global Science", Karen M. Booth looks closely at the operation of two clinics for sexually transmitted diseases in Nairobi, Kenya, and explores how internationally funded and nationally sanctioned interventions to stop the spread of HIV have focused almost exclusively on the sexual and reproductive behaviours of those who are least able to challenge male power and dominance - working-class and poor women. Moving past the current politics of development, women's health, and AIDS prevention, Booth's work enhances our understanding of how globalized and local networks, power relationships, ideologies, and social practices contribute to the current AIDS crisis. This bold and important book reveals conceptual flaws in AIDS prevention policy and will inspire new ideas for dealing with this deadly epidemic in Kenya, Africa, and beyond.