Algebraic and Combinatorial Computational Biology introduces students and researchers to a panorama of powerful and current methods for mathematical problem-solving in modern computational biology. Presented in a modular format, each topic introduces the biological foundations of the field, covers specialized mathematical theory, and concludes by highlighting connections with ongoing research, particularly open questions. The work addresses problems from gene regulation, neuroscience, phylogenetics, molecular networks, assembly and folding of biomolecular structures, and the use of clustering methods in biology. A number of these chapters are surveys of new topics that have not been previously compiled into one unified source. These topics were selected because they highlight the use of technique from algebra and combinatorics that are becoming mainstream in the life sciences.

Factorization Method for Boundary Value Problems by Invariant Embedding presents a new theory for linear elliptic boundary value problems. The authors provide a transformation of the problem in two initial value problems that are uncoupled, enabling you to solve these successively. This method appears similar to the Gauss block factorization of the matrix, obtained in finite dimension after discretization of the problem. This proposed method is comparable to the computation of optimal feedbacks for linear quadratic control problems.

Fixed Point Theory and Graph Theory provides an intersection between the theories of fixed point theorems that give the conditions under which maps (single or multivalued) have solutions and graph theory which uses mathematical structures to illustrate the relationship between ordered pairs of objects in terms of their vertices and directed edges. This edited reference work is perhaps the first to provide a link between the two theories, describing not only their foundational aspects, but also the most recent advances and the fascinating intersection of the domains. The authors provide solution methods for fixed points in different settings, with two chapters devoted to the solutions method for critically important non-linear problems in engineering, namely, variational inequalities, fixed point, split feasibility, and hierarchical variational inequality problems. The last two chapters are devoted to integrating fixed point theory in spaces with the graph and the use of retractions in the fixed point theory for ordered sets.

This volume presents lectures given at the Wisła 20-21 Winter School and Workshop: Groups, Invariants, Integrals, and Mathematical Physics, organized by the Baltic Institute of Mathematics. The lectures were dedicated to differential invariants – with a focus on Lie groups, pseudogroups, and their orbit spaces – and Poisson structures in algebra and geometry and are included here as lecture notes comprising the first two chapters. Following this, chapters combine theoretical and applied perspectives to explore topics at the intersection of differential geometry, differential equations, and category theory. Specific topics covered include: The multisymplectic and variational nature of Monge-Ampère equations in dimension four Integrability of fifth-order equations admitting a Lie symmetry algebra Applications of the van Kampen theorem for groupoids to computation of homotopy types of striped surfaces A geometric framework to compare classical systems of PDEs in the category of smooth manifolds Groups, Invariants, Integrals, and Mathematical Physics is ideal for graduate students and researchers working in these areas. A basic understanding of differential geometry and category theory is assumed.