The authors, leading representatives of Russian space research and industry, show the results and future prospects of astronautics at the start of the third millennium. The focus is on the development of astronautics in Russia in the new historical and economic conditions. The text spotlights the basic trends in space related issues before moving on to describe the possibilities of the wide use of space technologies and its numerous applications such as navigation and communication, space manufacturing, and space biotechnology. The book contains a large amount of facts described in a way understandable without specialist knowledge. The text is accompanied by many photographs, charts and diagrams, mostly in color.

fifteen countries in Scandinavia, Europe, Asia, Australia, and U.S.A. All of them came to Stockholm primarily because they recognize the growing im portance of networks as complex systems, and their home institutions do not offer any systematic lectures on this topic. The Networks Course was originally initiated jointly by the Summer University of Southern Stockholm Foundation and the County Council of Stockholm, the Swedish Aviation Administration, the Swedish National Road Administration, the Swedish Post, the Swedish State Railways, and Telia AB. They have all served as joint sponsors and hosts for the Course. In the year 1993 the Course also was sponsored by the Swedish Transport and Communications Research Board. All these organizations have supported the publication of a series of key lectures from the Course, to be released as a single volume entitled Networks in Action. It is the ambition of the Foundation to create continuity in its activities for the future. The board has proposed to its principals to take a decision in this direction. It is my expectation that this will be the case for the Networks Course from 1995. This book will then serve as a basic reference for use in an era when the topic of Communication-Networks will be included on a permanent basis in the Summer University's agenda."

Aerospace Marketing Management is a marketing manual devoted to: -the aeronautics sector: parts suppliers, aircraft manufacturers, and airlines, -the space sector: suppliers, integrators, and service providers. It presents the essentials of marketing from basic concepts such as segmentation, positioning and the marketing plan, to the product policy, pricing, distribution and communication. This book also includes specific chapters on project marketing, brand policy, gaining loyalty through maintenance and training, compensation, and alliance strategies. The different chapters show the new changes due to Internet: -e-procurement for the purchase strategy, -interactive communication with websites, -e-ticketing for the airlines to reach final consumers.

In this book, regular structures are de ned as periodic structures consisting of repeated elements (translational symmetry) as well as structures with a geom- ric symmetry. Regular structures have for a long time been attracting the attention of scientists by the extraordinary beauty of their forms. They have been studied in many areas of science: chemistry, physics, biology, etc. Systems with geometric symmetry are used widely in many areas of engineering. The various kinds of bases under machines, cyclically repeated forms of stators, reduction gears, rotors with blades mounted on them, etc. represent regular structures. The study of real-life engineering structures faces considerable dif culties because they comprise a great number of working mechanisms that, in turn, consist of many different elastic subsystems and elements. The computational models of such systems represent a hierarchical structure and contain hundreds and thousands of parameters. The main problems in the analysis of such systems are the dim- sion reduction of model and revealing the dominant parameters that determine its dynamics and form its energy nucleus. The two most widely used approaches to the simulation of such systems are as follows: 1. Methods using lumped parameters models, i.e., a discretization of the original system and its representation as a system with lumped parameters [including nite-element method (FEM)]. 2. The use of idealized elements with distributed parameters and known analytical solutions for both the local elements and the subsystems.

Electromagnetic Signals deals with the practical applications of nonsinusoidal electromagnetic waves or carrier free radars, ultrawideband technology and large relative bandwidth technology. The book is unique since it deals with a number of current conventional radar problems along with proposed solutions.

Advances in Structural Optimization presents the techniques for a wide set of applications, ranging from the problems of size and shape optimization (historically the first to be studied) to topology and material optimization. Structural models are considered that use both discrete and finite elements. Structural materials can be classical or new. Emerging methods are also addressed, such as automatic differentiation, intelligent structures optimization, integration of structural optimization in concurrent engineering environments, and multidisciplinary optimization. For researchers and designers in industries such as aerospace, automotive, mechanical, civil, nuclear, naval and offshore. A reference book for advanced undergraduate or graduate courses on structural optimization and optimum design.

Welcome to The Logic of Microspace I'd like to say welcome to a brand new book, but in the interest of keeping my closet skeleton-free, I'll admit it's not entirely new. But neither are small satellites. While microspace practitioners might build a satellite in a year or even six months, it still takes a year or more of brainstorming to really get the bugs out of the mission concept, bureaucracies need years to get them under contract, and the launching pro cess is a bit more than a matter of stepping up to the turnstile with the appropriate number of quarters to drop into the slot. Or maybe that's a pretty good model, since it would take a few years (four is my estimate) to drop ten million quarters into a slot. Books are not that different - writing them takes forever minus epsilon, and the pro duction process is long. Plus, in another assault on "new," The Logic of Microspace includes, as one of its three major sections, an updated version of the wildly popular (ok, the popular) Micro Space Craft."

Recent developments in telecommunications have led to new developments in tele-services, particularly tele-health and tele-education, for the benefit of those living in either the developed world or the less developed world. The benefits accrue to individuals and also to society at large. An international and interdisciplinary Symposium was organized by the International Space University to bring together technical and non-technical people to consider the future applications of space techniques to tele-services. The Proceedings of this Symposium are essential reading for all who need to appreciate the broad range of issues involved in this developing area.

This book contains papers presented at a workshop, jointly organized by the EUROPIV 2 project, the PivNet 2 Thematic Network, and the ERCOFTAC Spe cial Interest Group on PIV (SIG 32). EUROPIV 2 was a research program, funded by the European Community which started in April 2000 and ended in June 2003. The aim of this project was to develop and demonstrate the Particle Image Velocimetry technique (PIV), which allows to measure the velocity of large flow fields instantaneously, in order to make it available as an operational tool for the European aeronautical industry. A total of 17 teams from 5 different countries cooperated during these 3 years to im prove the method, both hardware and software, and to demonstrate its capabilities in large industrial wind tunnels. PivNet 2 is a European thematic network devoted to the transfer of the PIV technique to IndUStry. It has started in April 2002 for four years. It is coordinated by Dr J. Kompenhans from DLR Gottingen. Details on PivNnet 2 can be found at http: //pivnet.sm.go.dlr.de. ERCOFTAC (European Research Community on Flow, Turbulence and Com bustion) is an international association with the aim to promote research and coop eration in Europe on fluid flows, turbulence and combustion. Details can be found at http: //www.ercoftac.org and http: //www.univ-lillellpivnet."

... a wise man knows all things in a manner in which this is possible, not, however, knowing them individually. Aristotle. Metaphysics * The problem of consideration of vortex fields' influence on solid body dynamics has a long history. One constantly comes upon it in flight dynamics of airplanes, helicopters, and other flying vehicles (FV) moving in the atmosphere, in dynamics of ships with hydrofoils, and in dynamics of rocket carriers (RC) and spacecrafts (SC) with liquid-propellant rocket engines (LPRE), that are equipped with special damping devices and other structural elements inside fluid tanks. Similar problems occur when solving problems related to attitude control and stabilization of artificial Earth satellites (AES) and spacecrafts with magnetic (electro magnetic) systems, in conducting elements of which eddy currents are induced while control of those vehicles' angular position. It is also true with special test facilities for dynamic testing of space vehicles and their systems, with modern high-speed magnetic suspension transport systems (those based on the phenomenon of 'magnetic levitation'), with generators having rotors carried in 'magnetic bearings', and so on."

This publication presents the proceedings of ICPMSE-4, the fourth international conference on Protection of Materials and Structures from the Low Earth Orbit Space Environment, held in Toronto April 23-24, 1998. The conference was hosted and organized by Integrity Testing Laboratory Inc. (ITL), and held at the University ofToronto's Institute for Aerospace Studies (UTIAS). Twenty two industrial companies, six universities and fourteen government agencies from Canada, USA, United Kingdom, France, Israel, Russia, Ukraine and the Netherlands were represented by over 75 participants indicating increasing international co-operation in this critical arena of protection of materials in space. Twenty-seven speakers, world experts in their fields, delivered talks on a wide variety of topics on various aspects of material protection in space. Representatives from the Canadian, American, European and Israeli space agencies as well as from leading space research laboratories ofmajor aerospace industries gathered at UTIAS to discuss the latest developments in the field of material and structure protection from the harsh space environment.

This publication presents the proceedings of ICPMSE-3, the third international conference on Protection of Materials and Structures from the Low Earth Orbit Space Environment, held in Toronto April 25-26, 1996. The conference was hosted and organized by Integrity Testing Laboratory Inc, (ITL), and held at the University of Toronto's Institute for Aerospace Studies (UTIAS), where ITL is located. Twenty industrial companies, seven wliversities and eight government agencies from Canada, USA, United Kingdom, France, Israel, Russia, Ukraine and the Netherlands were represented by over 55 participants indicating increasing international co-operation in this critical arena of protection of materials in space. Twenty-five speakers, world experts in their fields, delivered talks on a wide variety of topics on various aspects of material protection in space, Representatives from the Canadian, American, European and Israeli space agencies as well as from leading space research laboratories of major aerospace industries gathered at UTIAS to discuss the latest developments in the field of material and structure protection from the harsh space environment, These proceedings are organized into four sections: a) AONOV and Radiation Effects on Materials and Structures in the Leo Space Environment; b) Interaction of Matter with the LEO Environment; c) Large Scale Coating Process Developments for Protection in LEO; d) Synthesis and Modification of Materials and Surfaces for Protection in LEO, This is the third in our on-going series of bi-annual international space materials conferences wllich began in 1992 in Toronto. Jacob Kleiman, Integrity Testing Laboratory Inc.

Progressive reductions in vehicle emission requirements have forced the automotive industry to invest in research and development of alternative control strategies. Continual control action exerted by a dedicated electronic control unit ensures that best performance in terms of pollutant emissions and power density is married with driveability and diagnostics. Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine technology is a way to attain these goals. This brief describes the functioning of a GDI engine equipped with a common rail (CR) system, and the devices necessary to run test-bench experiments in detail. The text should prove instructive to researchers in engine control and students are recommended to this brief as their first approach to this technology. Later chapters of the brief relate an innovative strategy designed to assist with the engine management system; injection pressure regulation for fuel pressure stabilization in the CR fuel line is proposed and validated by experiment. The resulting control scheme is composed of a feedback integral action and a static model-based feed-forward action, the gains of which are scheduled as a function of fundamental plant parameters. The tuning of closed-loop performance is supported by an analysis of the phase-margin and the sensitivity function. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the control algorithm in regulating the mean-value rail pressure independently from engine working conditions (engine speed and time of injection) with limited design effort.

Robotic technology offers two potential benefits for future space exploration. One benefit is minimizing the risk that astronauts face. The other benefit is increasing their productivity. Realizing the benefits of robotic technology in space will require solving several problems which are unique and now becoming active research topics. One of the most important research areas is dynamics, control, motion and planning for space robots by considering the dynamic interaction between the robot and the base (space station, space shuttle, or satellite). Any inefficiency in the planning and control can considerably risk by success of the space mission. Space Robotics: Dynamics and Control presents a collection of papers concerning fundamental problems in dynamics and control of space robots, focussing on issues relevant to dynamic base/robot interaction. The authors are all pioneers in theoretical analysis and experimental systems development of space robot technology. The chapters are organized within three problem areas: dynamics problems, nonholonomic nature problems, and control problems. This collection provides a solid reference for researchers in robotics, mechanics, control, and astronautical science.

Microsystems are an important success factor in the automobile industry. In order to fulfil the customers'requests for safety convenience and vehicle economy, and to satisfy environmental requirements, microsystems are becoming indispensable. Thus a large number of microsystem applications came into the discussion. With the international conference AMAA 2001, VDI/VDE-IT provides a platform for the discussion of all MST relevant components for automotive applications. The conference proceedings gather the papers by authors from automobile suppliers and manufacrurers.

G. Haskell, Symposium Programme Committee Chair, Vice President, Administration and Programme Development, International Space University e-mail: [email protected] M. Rycroft, Faculty Member, International Space University e-mail: [email protected] The theme of the fourth annual symposium arranged by the International Space University (ISU) was "International Space Station: The Next Space Marketplace". The Symposium covered this topic from the uniqu- interdisciplinary, international and intercultural - perspectives of ISU. It focussed on significant issues related to policy, innovative management, commerce, regulation, education and outreach rather than concentrating on engineering and scientific issues. Although admirable progress has already been made in defining the utilisation of the International Space Station (ISS) in its early operational phases, what does the future hold? What important new applications will arise? What commercial opportunities may emerge? And how will the political, legal and financial hurdles be overcome, not to mention the technical challenges? The aim of the Symposium was to discuss such questions and draw out new ways of using the Space Station in the future. Among the 120 attendees were members of the fourth Master of Space Studies class, young professionals and postgraduate students who are developing the Symposium's theme in their Team Project. Their comprehensive overview of the subject is presented as an Annex here. Their final report on the Team Project will be completed at the end of July 1999, and published separately.

This book includes the proceedings of the Workshop held in Madrid, April 1999 to celebrate 2 years of successful operation of the first Spanish small scientific satellite in orbit. It contains discussions about the overall philosophy of small mission programs, the design of the satellite and its payload as well as the most relevant scientific outcome of the mission. Also included are additional contributions to the workshop, which are of importance to Minisat 01 in order to put its results within context. Finally, the future of small missions for space sciences is reviewed together with the main technological challenges for new studies. Out of the technological and scientific results of Minisat 01, the measurement of the EUV airglow spectrum and the flux of some stars in the same range can be highlighted together with the dismiss of the massive neutrino decay theory. The high-energy experiment analyzed the characterization of the radiation environment in LEO and the behaviour of different kind of detectors, as well as the use of coded masks for imaging and the measurement of some specific sources. The book's level is intended for specialists in EUV and Hard X-Ray astrophysicists as well as for engineers and technicians involved in space science experiments and missions.

Resin Transfer Moulding and other similar 'liquid moulding' manufacturing methods have been used to make non-structural composites for the last 35 years. However, in the last eight years these methods have become the subject of enormous interest by aerospace manufacturing companies. Resin Transfer Moulding for Aerospace Structures describes all aspects of Resin Transfer Moulding (RTM) for aerospace structures. Written by an international team of experts, from both industry and academia, it is a comprehensive work providing complete and detailed information on the process of RTM from theoretical modelling to practical experience. With subjects including manufacturing, tooling, fabric design and flow modelling all covered, this book is an invaluable up-to-the-minute reference source which provides the reader with a good understanding of RTM and its possible uses, especially for high performance applications. Resin Transfer Moulding for Aerospace Structures is an ideal guide for those in the aerospace and related industries, who want to understand and utilize RTM, as well as those directly involved in the RTM industry.

There is an increasing demand for dynamic systems to become safer and more reliable. This requirement extends beyond the normally accepted safety-critical systems such as nuclear reactors and aircraft, where safety is of paramount importance, to systems such as autonomous vehicles and process control systems where the system availability is vital. It is clear that fault diagnosis is becoming an important subject in modern control theory and practice. Robust Model-Based Fault Diagnosis for Dynamic Systems presents the subject of model-based fault diagnosis in a unified framework. It contains many important topics and methods; however, total coverage and completeness is not the primary concern. The book focuses on fundamental issues such as basic definitions, residual generation methods and the importance of robustness in model-based fault diagnosis approaches. In this book, fault diagnosis concepts and methods are illustrated by either simple academic examples or practical applications. The first two chapters are of tutorial value and provide a starting point for newcomers to this field.The rest of the book presents the state of the art in model-based fault diagnosis by discussing many important robust approaches and their applications. This will certainly appeal to experts in this field. Robust Model-Based Fault Diagnosis for Dynamic Systems targets both newcomers who want to get into this subject, and experts who are concerned with fundamental issues and are also looking for inspiration for future research. The book is useful for both researchers in academia and professional engineers in industry because both theory and applications are discussed. Although this is a research monograph, it will be an important text for postgraduate research students world-wide. The largest market, however, will be academics, libraries and practicing engineers and scientists throughout the world.

Aerospace presents an extremely challenging environment for structural materials and the development of new, or improved, materials: processes for material and for component production are the subject of continuous research activity. It is in the nature of high performance materials that the steps of material and of component production should not be considered in isolation from one another. Indeed, in some cases, the very process of material production may also incorporate part or all of the component production itself and, at the very least, will influence the choice of material/component production method to be employed. How ever, the developments currently taking place are to be discovered largely within the confines of specialist conferences or books each dedicated to perhaps a single element of the overall process. In this book contributors, experts drawn from both academia and the aerospace industry, have joined together to combine their individual knowledge to examine high performance aerospace materials in terms of their production, structure, properties and applications. The central interrelationships between the development of structure through the production route and between structure and the properties exhibited in the final component are considered. It is hoped that the book will be of interest to students of aeronautical engineering and of materials science, together with those working within the aerospace industry. Harvey M. Flower Imperial College 1 Design requirements for aerospace structural materials C. J. Peel and P. J. Gregson 1."

Global Mobile Satellite Systems - A Systems Overview makes mobile satellite communications understandable for communication engineers, candidates for an engineering degree, technicians, managers, and other decision makers such as financiers and regulators. It provides a systems oriented top-level view of mobile satellite communications. In particular, it focuses on Global Mobile Satellite Systems (GMSS) including active programs such as Globalstar, IRIDIUM, ORBCOMM, ACeS, and Thuraya, or so-called the second generation mobile satellite systems class. The authors start with a brief description of three generations of satellite systems in use or planned in the telecommunications industry. Selected systems architectural trades are identified and explained to illustrate how various GMSS systems are formulated, developed and evaluated. It includes an examination of market demand trends, business trades, regulatory issues as well as technical considerations.

Major issues are examined in trade study style to provide easy access to key information. Key systems drivers such as orbit trades between LEO's, MEO's, and GEO's, frequency, protocols, customer bases, and regulatory and engineering issues are included. This book should appeal to individuals interested in the basic elements of Global Mobile Satellite Systems.

This book presents basic and advanced topics in the areas of sig nal theory and processing as applied to acoustic echo-location (sonar). It is written at the advanced undergraduate or graduate level, and as sumes that the reader is conversant with the concepts and mathematics associated with introductory graduate courses in signal processing such as linear and complex algebra, Fourier analysis, probability, advanced calculus, and linear system theory. The material is presented in a tuto rial fashion as a logical development starting with basic principles and leading to the development of topics in detection and estimation theory, waveform design, echo modeling, scattering theory, and spatial process ing. Examples are provided throughout the book to illustrate impor tant concepts and especially important relationships are boxed. The book addresses the practical aspects of receiver and waveform design, and therefore should be of interest to the practicing engineer as well as the student. Although much of the book is applicable to the general echo-location problem that includes radar, its emphasis is on acoustic echo location especially in regard to time mapping and the wideband or wavelet description of Doppler. Introductory signal theory material is included in the first chapter to provide a foundation for the material covered in the later chapters. A consistent notational convention is ob served throughout the book so that the various mathematical entities are readily identified. This is described in the glossary and symbol list.

Exploiting new advanced structures and electromechanical systems, e. g. , adaptive structures, high-precision systems, micro electromechanical systems, distributed sensors/actuators, precision manipulation and controls, etc. , has been becoming one of the mainstream research and development activities (structure & motion) in recent years. These new systems and devices could bring a new technological revolution in modern industries and further, directly or indirectly, impact human life. In the search for and research in innovative technologies, it is proved that piezoelectric materials are very versatile in both sensor and actuator applications. Consequently, piezoelectric technology has been widely applied to a large number of industrial applications and devices, varying from thin-film micro sensors/actuators to large space structures in addition to those relatively conventional applications, e. g. , sensors, actuators, hydrophones, precision manipulators, mobile robots, micro motors, etc. There have been a few books on piezoelectricity published in the past; however, a unified presentation of piezoelectric shells and distributed senSing/control applications is still lacking. This book is intended to fill the gap and to pro~de practising engineers and researchers with an introduction to advanced piezoelectric shell theories and distributed sensor/actuator technologies in structural identification and control. This book represents a collection of the author's recent research and development on piezoelectric shells and related applications to distributed measurement and control of continuaj it reflects six best-paper awards, including [ xviii] * Contents. two ASME Best-Paper Awards in recent years.

As a stand-alone volume, Transistor Circuits For Spacecraft Power System presents numerous transistor circuits and building blocks associated with power electronics in general, and examines the major subsystem components for solar-based spacecraft power systems. The technique and concept, of "continuity of states" for nonlinear circuits handling power transfer under cyclic excitation is introduced in Part I and further developed throughout the book. This powerful technique employing matrix formulation bypasses eigen-transients and yields steady-state responses rapidly. Closed-loop treatments are also given for large-scale linear circuits, many closed-form solutions for control loop-gain, conducted susceptibility, output impedance, etc. are covered. Extensive mathematical procedures are retained to highlight the importance of analytical flows. The author also reviews the evolution of solar-based spacecraft power systems; introduces modes of operations: discharge (boost), shunt, and charge; and covers pulse-width-modulated (PWM) boost power converter for both DC and AC conditions. A configuration tree for shunt mode operation is conceived. Based on the configuration tree, the best topologies, sequential PWM shunt and ripple-regulated free-running shunt, are intensively examined and formulated. Transistor Circuits For Spacecraft Power System provides important information for understanding the relationship between earthbound semiconductor circuits and space borne vehicles.

Microsystems are an important success factor in the automobile industry. In order to fulfil the customers requests for safety convenience and vehicle economy, and to satisfy environmental requirements, microsystems are becoming indispensable. Thus a large number of microsystem applications came into the discussion. With the international conference AMAA 2002, VDI/VDE-IT provides a platform for the discussion of all MST relevant components for automotive applications. The conference proceedings gather the papers by authors from automobile suppliers and manufacturers.