Chronic total occlusions (CTO) are common, and found in approximately one third of patients with significant coronary artery disease who undergo angiography. CTO constitute one of the main criteria when selecting between angioplasty and bypass surgery. Angioplasty for CTO is intricate and requires excellent operator skill, but even when performed under the best circumstances, it is plagued by lower success rates when compared to non-total occlusions. The main difficulty with CTO lies not with choosing which stent to use, but rather occurs during earlier steps of crossing the lesion and advancing the wire into the true lumen of the distal vessel. Having accomplished this, the rates of restenosis are prohibitively high. Mehran, Dangas and an international team of experienced operators offer the reader sound advice on the evaluation and management of CTO in both the coronary and peripheral vascular systems. Their practical guidance should aid all those working with this difficult subset of patients.

Promoting developments in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of coronary artery disease, this reference furnishes the latest information on new and emerging risk factors for atherothrombotic vascular disorders-analyzing lipid-related and psychosocial risk factors, the genetic aspects of disease, the potential role of infection and inflammation, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, and elevated blood levels of homocysteine and hemostatic factors.

Fully updated from cover to cover, Zipes and Jalife's Cardiac Electrophysiology: From Cell to Bedside, 8th Edition, provides the comprehensive, multidisciplinary coverage you need-from new knowledge in basic science to the latest clinical advances in the field. Drs. Jose Jalife and William Gregory Stevenson lead a team of global experts who provide cutting-edge content and step-by-step instructions for all aspects of cardiac electrophysiology. Packs each chapter with the latest information necessary for optimal basic research as well as patient care. Covers new technologies such as CRISPR, protein research, improved cardiac imaging, optical mapping, and wearable devices. Contains significant updates in the areas of molecular biology and genetics, iPSCs (induced pluripotent stem cells), embryonic stem cells, precision medicine, antiarrhythmic drug therapy, cardiac mapping with advanced techniques, and ablation technologies including stereotactic radioablation. Includes 47 new chapters covering both basic science and clinical topics. Discusses extensive recent progress in the understanding, diagnosis, and management of arrhythmias, including new clinical insights on atrial fibrillation and stroke prevention, new advances in the understanding of ventricular arrythmias in genetic disease, and advances in implantable devises and infection management. Features 1,600 high-quality photographs, anatomic and radiographic images, electrocardiograms, tables, algorithms, and more., with additional figures, tables, and videos online. Recipient of a 2018 Highly Commended award from the British Medical Association. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Hypertension is another name for high blood pressure. It can lead to severe complications and increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and death. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels. This book is a comprehensive guide to the diagnosis and management of high blood pressure. Divided into three sections, the text begins with an overview of the condition, current guidelines on its management, potential organ damage, and nonpharmacological treatments. The next section covers the management of hypertension with associated disorders such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, kidney disease, and more. A complete chapter discusses 'white coat' hypertension. The final section discusses management approaches when initial treatment fails, and hypertensive emergencies. Each chapter is presented as a case scenario, describing background, previous control attempts, challenges and treatments. Authored by experts from the University of South Carolina, the text is further enhanced by clinical images, figures and tables. Key points Comprehensive guide to diagnosis and management of hypertension Chapters presented as step by step case scenarios Covers treatment of hypertension with associated conditions Authored by experts from the University of South Carolina

In collaboration with the Consulting Editors, Ranjan K. Thakur and Andrea Natale, Drs. David R. Holmes Jr., Saibal Kar, Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy, and Vivek Reddy have assembled an issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics on Left Atrial Appendage. Topics include, but are not limited to, why we have an atrial appendage, thromboembolism in AF, role of LAA in systemic homeostasis, history of LAA closure, impact of LAA closure on systemic thromboembolization, perirprocedural imaging, anatomical considerations for epicardial and endocardial appendage closure, epicardial vs endocardial closure, technical considerations of endocardial and epicardial closure, surgical LAA occlusion, post procedural management, AF patients undergoing ablation, and more.

Medical Semiology Guide of the Cardiovascular System and the Hematologic System provides a comprehensive understanding of medical semiology in the cardiovascular and hematologic systems. Highly illustrated with many original images from the author's daily medical practice, the book highlights all signs of diseases and important semiological maneuvers in the field. Each chapter incorporates a specific questionnaire with important questions that should be asked to patients in different situations to obtain valuable information that helps identify rare and unusual diseases. This unique feature of the book aims to facilitate the learning process among medical students, while also acting as a quick reference for clinicians.

"Cardiology: Clinical Cases Uncovered" is the ideal integrated text to help you recognize, understand and know how to investigate and manage many heart-related disorders and conditions. Written by three practising cardiologists, it leads students through a clinical approach to managing problems with 26 real-world cardiovascular cases. There is strong emphasis on high-quality figures, particularly 12-lead ECGs, as these play such a major role in the evaluation of the cardiac patient.

Following a question-answer approach throughout the narrative, with self-assessment MCQs, EMQs and SAQs, "Cardiology: Clinical Cases Uncovered" includes sections on cardiac anatomy, physiology and pathology which provide the essentials required to understand clinical cardiology, and is ideal for medical students and junior doctors on the Foundation Programme, specialist nurses and nurse practitioners, and for those with plans for a career in cardiology.

This issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics, guest edited by Mohammad Shenasa and Amin Al-Ahmad, is the second part of our Advances in Cardiac Mapping and Catheter Ablation issue. Article topics will include, but are not limited to, New Findings in Atrial Fibrillation Mechanisms; Mapping and Ablation of Neuraxial in Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias; How to Map and Ablate Rotors in Atrial Fibrillation; Post-ablation Atrial Arrhythmias; Substrate Mapping in Atrial Arrhythmias; Substrate Mapping in Ventricular Arrhythmias; Challenges in Ablation of Complex Congenital Heart Disease; Mapping and Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias from the RV and LV Outflow Tract; Novel Insights on Idiopathic VF and Early Repolarization; Novel Observations in Mapping and Ablation in Brugada Syndrome; Ablations of Ventricular Arrhythmias; Mapping and Ablation of Arrhythmias from uncommon sites; Mapping and Ablation of VT in Patients with HF and Cardiomyopathies; Mapping and Ablation of Unmappable VT, VT Storm, and Those in Acute Myocardial Infarction; Mapping and Ablation of Ventricle Arrhythmia in patients of LVAD; Fluoroless Catheter Ablation of Cardiac Arrhythmias; Toward a Uniform Ablation Protocol for Paroxysmal; Persistent and Permanent AF; and The Ideal Mapping System.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in developed countries, but is quickly becoming an epidemic in such well-populated countries as China, India, and other developing nations. Cardiovascular research is the key to the prevention, diagnosis, and management of cardiovascular disease. Vigorous and cross-disciplinary approaches are required for successful card- vascular research. As the boundaries between different scientific disciplines, particularly in the life sciences, are weakening and disappearing, a successful investigator needs to be competent in many different areas, including genetics, cell biology, biochemistry, physiology, and structural biology. The newly developed field of molecular medicine is a cross-disciplinary science that seeks to comprehend disease causes and mechanisms at the molecular level, and to apply this basic research to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases and disorders. This volume in the Methods in Molecular Medicine series, C- diovascular Disease, provides comprehensive coverage of both basic and the most advanced approaches to the study and characterization of cardiovascular disease. These methods will advance knowledge of the mechanisms, diagnoses, and treatments of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular Disease is a timely volume in which the theory and pr- ciples of each method are described in the Introduction section, followed by a detailed description of the materials and equipment needed, and step-by-step protocols for successful execution of the method. A notes section provides advice for potential problems, any modifications, and alternative methods.

Easy to use and follow, Coronary Reperfusion Therapy in Clinical Practice is a practical guide in the clinical application of fibrinolytic therapy, primary coronary angioplasty and their combination in ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome. Rather than being an encyclopedia of all trials, it presents the current guidelines for physicians taking care of acutely ill patients, whether in intensive care units, coronary care units, ambulances or emergency departments. Edited by one of the world's leading experts on reperfusion, this important text fills a gap in the market for modern books devoted specifically to this area.

Leading physicians summarize in this easy-to-use and eminently practical handbook the day-to-day management of transplant donors and recipients at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center. Topics covered range from surgical techniques, pathology, and immunosuppression, to posttransplant management, pediatric heart transplantation, surgical alternatives, and mechanical circulatory assistance as a bridge to transplantation. The authors also discuss congenital transplant techniques, state-of-the-art perioperative management techniques and protocols, and UNOS regulation and nurse coordination.

The establishment of precise and reliable biomarker tests for the early stages of cardiovascular disease is of great importance and can be the cornerstone in the prevention of future cardiovascular disease (CVD). Furthermore, some biomarkers may provide important information concerning the pathogenesis of CVD or appear to be useful in risk stratification, in CVD diagnosis, or in monitoring therapy; many others may be risk factors themselves, representing therefore potential targets of therapy. The ideal biomarker should have the following characteristics: highly sensitive, specific, reliable, accessible, standardized, dependable, cost effective, and easily interpretable by clinicians. The present book focuses on the presentation and evaluation of the most promising classical and novel biochemical markers used in CVD (coronary artery disease, hypertension, heart failure, hyperlipidemia, peripheral arterial disease). The underlying pathophysiological characteristics of each biomarker, as well as potential clinical implications in daily practice are reviewed in this book.

Despite remarkable therapeutic achievements in medicine, cardiovascular diseases remain the major cause of death in the new millennium.
The cardiovascular disease continuum starts with risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and lipid disorders, leading to coronary artery disease or left ventricular hypertrophy. Left ventricular dysfunction and remodelling follow after initial myocardial damage (e.g. myocardial infarction), finally leading to the development of heart failure.
This book gives an overview of the effects of antiadrenergic treatment in the different stages of the cardiovascular continuum, with a particular emphasis on heart failure, authored by a faculty of leading international clinical cardiologists.

Divided roughly into two sections, this book provides a brief history of the development of ECG along with heart rate variability (HRV) algorithms and the engineering innovations over the last decade in this area. It reviews clinical research, presents an overview of the clinical field, and the importance of heart rate variability in diagnosis. The book then discusses the use of particular ECG and HRV algorithms in the context of clinical applications.

Main headings: I. Basic concepts of pulsatile arterial hemodynamics. - II. Pathophysiological mechanisms. - III. Arterial stiffness, wave reflections, cardiovascular risk and end-organ damage. - IV. Clinical aspects of arterial stiffness and wave reflections. - V. Therapeutic aspects of arterial stiffness and wave reflections.

Vulnerable plaque development is the result of a complex series of molecular and cellular events involving inflammation, apoptosis, rupture, and thrombosis. A detailed understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development of high-risk plaques, along with the ability to visualize and diagnose these vulnerable lesions, will lead to the effective management of acute coronary syndromes. High-Risk Atherosclerotic Plaques: Mechanisms, Imaging, Models, and Therapy brings together timely, in-depth reviews by renowned international cardiologists and scientists. Chapters cover the definition, structure, and cellular and molecular mechanisms of high risk plaque development, as well as animal models of vulnerable plaque, plaque imaging, and current and future therapies. Medical experts discuss intravascular ultrasound, optimal coherence tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and coronary thermography. The final chapter reviews both current and future local and systematic strategies for the therapeutic management of vulnerable plaque. Exploring all aspects of this primary cause of acute coronary syndromes, this informative book updates our knowledge on the detection and treatment of vulnerable plaques. It is a valuable resource that can greatly advance the progress in treatment and prevention.

Cardiovascular Implications of Stress and Depression provides an in-depth examination on how exposure to stress influences risk for cardiovascular disease and how depression is associated with this relationship. This authoritative volume examines causal pathways linking stress, depression and cardiovascular disease. In addition, it provides mechanistic insights into how environmental stress can lead to cardiovascular diseases. Current information about mechanistic factors, clinical and epidemiological aspects, and management issues associated with stress/depression are presented. These insights demonstrate how the mechanisms behind chronic stress and depression lead to cardiovascular diseases. In addition, their role in existing diseases (such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes) is explored.

Heart Cell Coupling and Impulse Propagation in Health and Disease includes an up-to-date review on how heart cells communicate and impulse propagation under normal as well as under pathological conditions. The complexity of intercellular coupling and impulse propagation is discussed, providing the reader with a broad view of the importance of these processes and how they contribute to the generation of cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure. The different aspects and intricacies of heart cell communication is discussed by different authors, each one an expert in their own field.
The present publication will be of interest to cardiologists, electrophysiologists, heart physiologists, cardiac pharmacologists, biophysicists, and cell or molecular biologists.

A unique reference book covering the relevant basic sciences of cardiac anatomy, physiology and pharmacology through to the initial clinical assessment and investigation. It covers the core curricula for paediatricians in training at all levels including the MRCPCH and DCH examinations. This book is relevant to paediatricians in training, general practitioners, emergency department staff and specialist nurses. General staff working in specialist regional cardiac centres and healthcare professionals involved in the care of children and young people will also find this essential resource extremely useful. 'The aim of this handbook is to provide a rapid and reliable reference to congenital and acquired cardiac problems. It is very well organised. provides a more detailed discussion of cardiac physiology and pathophysiology and a comprehensive guide to ECG interpretation. It should be of particular interest to paediatricians in training, including those studying for higher professional examinations, but it also provides a valuable source of reference for paediatricians already in practice.' From the Foreword by Dr Christopher Wren

Primary angioplasty is a life-saving, minimally invasive emergency procedure increasingly used in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. As the procedure further proves its effectiveness, it is imperative that all cardiologists have a comprehensive understanding of the major issues surrounding primary angioplasty. This easy-to-use, clinically focused text is an essential reference for those hoping to achieve this understanding. A valuable educational tool, this text fully explores the vital concepts of primary angioplasty.

Papers from the Second International Conference on TDM Toxicology (date and place not stated) describe research on various aspects of therapeutic monitoring pharmacology, selected high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, antiepileptics, substances subject to abuse, inorganics. Over 100 contr

In the present monograph, we offer current insights into polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arthritis. Both diseases are typical for advanced age, and their incidences increase with aging. Both diseases are a center point of interest not only for rheu- tologists, gerontologists, ophthalmologists or neurologists, but also for general prac- tioners. Early diagnosis and rapid treatment, mainly with glucocorticoids can save one of the most precious senses-vision. Damage to other organs (heart, aorta, co- nary arteries, liver, lungs, kidneys), which are supplied by the arteries affected by ischemic syndrome in the setting of giant cell arthritis, has serious consequences as well. Late diagnosis of giant cell arthritis can have fatal consequences for affected patients. It is a matter of fact that the human population is aging. Therefore, more attention has to be paid not only to diagnosis, clinical course and treatment of rheumatic d- eases in elderly, but also to their genetic, immunologic, endocrinologic, chronobiologic mechanisms, and state-of-the-art diagnostic modalities. I am convinced that the int- disciplinary research of the diseases will allow us to diagnose and treat the rheumatic diseases even faster and more effectively in the future.

Cardiovascular disease remains the number one killer in North America and around the world. The staggering medical costs involved in treating patients suffering from this disease demand an alternative approach to prevent or minimize its development. In Functional Foods and Cardiovascular Disease, international researchers reveal essential up-to-date information on the role that functional foods and nutraceuticals play in preventing the development of heart disease. Highlighting the physiological benefits of a host of functional foods, the book examines: The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease Genetic methods for enhancing bioactives in foods and new techniques for extracting bioactive components for developing functional foods Clinical and experimental evidence of the cardiovascular benefits of fish oils and plant oils, particularly flaxseed oil The importance of folic acid in homocysteine metabolism and its impact on cardiovascular disease Clinical and experimental evidence for the cardiovascular benefits of plant sterols The beneficial effects of wine, garlic products, eggs, fiber, cocoa and chocolate, and coffee and tea on cardiovascular health While there have been great improvements in treating coronary heart disease through surgery and medications, prevention through diet and exercise should remain an essential priority in maintaining the health of the aging population. Nutritionists, food scientists, and those working in the health industry will find that this book enhances their understanding of the potential role of functional foods in combating cardiovascular disease before more aggressive treatment is needed.

Focused extensively on the toxic effect of chemicals on the cardiovascular system, Cardiovascular Toxicology, Fourth Edition is comprised of several key sections beyond cardio and vascular toxicity, such as principles of myocardial cell injury and key methods of assessing cardiovascular function. New developments include: expanded chapter on passive smoking, which includes adverse effects of smoking, and the effects of secondary smoke new chapter on the negative effects from environmental chemicals on the cardiovascular system chapters covering antibacterial agents and endotoxins include new information on cardiovascular toxicity of antimicrobials, as well as anti-viral agents, antibacterial agents, and other agents

Dietary Proteins and Atherosclerosis provides a thorough review of the role of proteins in the development of atherosclerosis. The author reviews early research connections between dietary fat and cardiovascular disease caused by the build-up of plaque in arteries and examines other factors that contribute to atherosclerosis, such as infection and dietary proteins. Relying on data obtained from almost 2,000 research articles and literature reviews, the author provides a thorough analytical examination and discusses how emphasis on the role of dietary fat in atherogenesis has overshadowed the critical contribution of dietary proteins to the development of cardiovascular disease.