- Covers topics such as fundamentals of electrochemistry for energy applications of COFs not covered in competing titles - Provides details about recent methods used for synthesis and characterization of COFs-based nanomaterials, particularly of energy applications - Covers the state-of-the-art development in COFs and their applications in green energy generation and storage - Widens fundamentals about COFs and mechanisms for realization and advancement in devices with improved energy efficiency and high storage capacity - Provides new directions to scientists, researchers, and students to better understand the principle, technologies, and applications of COFs

Provides a comprehensive review of challenges and opportunities as related to the applications of big data, AI, and machine learning in the entire spectrum of drug R&D Discusses regulatory developments in leveraging big data and advanced analytics in drug review and approval Offers a balanced approach to data science organization build Presents real-world examples of AI-powered solutions to a host of issues in the lifecycle of drug development Affords sufficient context for each problem and provides detailed description of solutions suitable for practitioners with limited data science expertise

With contributions from experts from both academia and industry, this book provides up-to-date reviews and promising approaches for corrosion control of metals and alloys via sustainable biopolymers and carbon nanomaterials coatings, focusing on the wonder material "graphene" which is more solid than steel. This book delivers essential information for improving the environmental and economic viability of current coating technologies. It is also a valuable reference for those who are interested in corrosion science and corrosion protection including professionals from the industry as well as academia.

Endorsed by WJEC, this Study and Revision Guide offers high quality support you can trust. / Written by experienced teachers and examiners, it provides essential underpinning knowledge to recap and revise as well as supporting the development of skills you need to correctly interpret and answer the new exam questions. / An exam practice and technique section offers advice on how exam questions are set and marked. / Plenty of practice questions are included with teacher commentaries. / Grade boost tips help refine exam technique, improve grades and avoid common mistakes. / Numerous diagrams clearly explain each concept. / Pointers focus on understanding and using the underpinning knowledge. / Key terms are clearly defined on each page. / Quickfire questions check and reinforce your understanding.

Covers key areas of heterojunction nanomaterials for easy understanding of students, researchers, and academicians to promote the research in this field Systematically summarizes synthetic strategies, physicochemical properties, photocatalytic mechanisms, and applications of heterojunction materials through high-quality illustrations and schematic diagrams and references accompanying each chapter Emphasizes the ongoing challenges and potential directions for future development of heterojunction photocatalysts

Scientists have long been looking for alternative methods for the cleaning of historical and cultural museum objects as conventional methods often fail to completely remove surface films, leaving contamination and surface residues behind. Low-temperature plasmas have recently been found to provide a new, efficient and durable approach that maintains the safety of both the materials and personnel. This book is the first to introduce the emerging use of low-temperature plasmas in the cleaning and decontamination of cultural heritage items. It provides a comprehensive exploration of the new possibilities of cleaning objects with plasma, before providing a practice guide to the individual cleaning methods and an overview of the technologies and conditions used in the different cleaning regimes. It is an ideal reference for researchers in plasma physics, in addition to professionals working in the field of historical and cultural conservation. Features: Provides a thorough overview of the cleaning potential of emerging plasma technologies in accessible language for professional restorers and conservators without a scientific background Includes the latest case studies from the field, which have not been published elsewhere yet Authored by a team of experts in the field About the Authors: Dr. Radko Tino is an Associate Professor at the Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Slovakia. Dr. Katarina Vizarova is an Associate Professor at the Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Slovakia. Dr. Frantisek Krcma is an Associate Professor at Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic. Dr. Milena Rehakova is an Associate Professor at the Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Slovakia. Dr. Viera Jancovicova is an Associate Professor at the Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Slovakia. Dr. Zdenka Kozakova is an Associate Professor at Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic.

Organic chemistry can overwhelm students and force them to fall back on memorisation. But once they understand how to use mechanisms, they can solve just about any problem. With an organisation by mechanism, students will understand more, and memorise less. The Second Edition of this groundbreaking text provides a fresh, but proven approach to get students confident using mechanisms. Smartwork5 online homework supports learning by mirroring the text's organisation and pedagogy. Students use an intuitive drawing tool while receiving instant hints and answer-specific feedback, making practice more productive.

A comprehensive guide to the reuse and recycling of lithium-ion power batteries-fundamental concepts, relevant technologies, and business models Reuse and Recycling of Lithium-Ion Power Batteries explores ways in which retired lithium ion batteries (LIBs) can create long-term, stable profits within a well-designed business operation. Based on a large volume of experimental data collected in the author's lab, it demonstrates how LIBs reuse can effectively cut the cost of Electric Vehicles (EVs) by extending the service lifetime of the batteries. In addition to the cost benefits, Dr. Guangjin Zhao discusses how recycling and reuse can significantly reduce environmental and safety hazards, thus complying with the core principles of environment protection: recycle, reuse and reduce. Offering coverage of both the fundamental theory and applied technologies involved in LIB reuse and recycling, the book's contents are based on the simulated and experimental results of a hybrid micro-grid demonstration project and recycling system. In the opening section on battery reuse, Dr. Zhao introduces key concepts, including battery dismantling, sorting, second life prediction, re-packing, system integration and relevant technologies. He then builds on that foundation to explore advanced topics, such as resource recovery, harmless treatment, secondary pollution control, and zero emissions technologies. Reuse and Recycling of Lithium-Ion Power Batteries: * Provides timely, in-depth coverage of both the reuse and recycling aspects of lithium-ion batteries * Is based on extensive simulation and experimental research performed by the author, as well as an extensive review of the current literature on the subject * Discusses the full range of critical issues, from battery dismantling and sorting to secondary pollution control and zero emissions technologies * Includes business models and strategies for secondary use and recycling of power lithium-ion batteries Reuse and Recycling of Lithium-Ion Power Batteries is an indispensable resource for researchers, engineers, and business professionals who work in industries involved in energy storage systems and battery recycling, especially with the manufacture and use (and reuse) of lithium-ion batteries. It is also a valuable supplementary text for advanced undergraduates and postgraduate students studying energy storage, battery recycling, and battery management.

CHEMISTRY STUDENT GUIDES. GUIDED BY STUDENTS Why did the drug thalidomide cause birth defects? What is the chemical difference between sucrose and lactose in your food? Stereochemistry holds the answer and is essential to the understanding of the chemistry of life. Stereochemistry is an important concept that often causes confusion amongst students when they learn it for the first time. Unlike most other areas of chemistry, it requires the chemist to visualise molecules in 3D, which can be difficult. In this book we deal with tricky concepts like conformation and configuration, how to represent them accurately and how to use the correct terms to describe them in both organic and inorganic chemistry. We involved students in the writing process to ensure we deal with areas that you find difficult, in an understandable language. With problems designed to focus on common errors and misconceptions, real life examples, and practical hands-on exercises coupled with visualisation tips, our intention is to give you the tools to become confident in stererochemistry. Complementing mainstream organic textbooks, or self-study, this book is for anyone who has struggled with describing alkenes as E or Z, assigning R and S absolute configurations, drawing Newman projections or chair representations of cyclohexanes, axial chirality, understanding the stereochemistry of octahedral metal complexes and indeed explaining complexities observed in NMR spectra. Chemistry Student Guides are written with current students involved at every stage, guiding the books towards the most challenging aspects of the topic. Student co-authors for Introduction to Stereochemistry are Caroline Akamune, Michael Lloyd and Matthew Taylor.

Environmental Chemistry in the Lab presents a comprehensive approach to modern environmental chemistry laboratory instruction, together with a complete experimental experience. The laboratory experiments have an introduction for the students to read, a pre-lab for them to complete before coming to the lab, a data sheet to complete during the lab, and a post-lab which would give them an opportunity to reinforce their understanding of the experiment completed. Instructor resources include a list of all equipment and supplies needed for 24 students, a lab preparation guide, an answer key to all pre-lab and post-lab questions, sample data for remote learners, and a suggested rubric for grading the labs. Additional features include: * Tested laboratory exercises with instructor resources for environmental science students * Environmental calculations, industrial regulation, and environmental stewardship * Classroom and remote exercises * An excellent, user-friendly, and thought-provoking presentation which will appeal to students with little or no science background * A qualitative approach to the chemistry behind many of our environmental issues today

This book examines the synthesis of graphene obtained from different natural raw materials and waste products as a low-cost, environmentally friendly alternative that delivers a quality final product. Expert researchers review potential sources of natural raw materials and waste products, methods or characterization, graphene synthesis considerations, and important applications. FEATURES Explores the different approaches to the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) from natural and industrial carbonaceous wastes Outlines the modification and characterization methods of GO and rGO Addresses the characterization methods of GO and rGO Details applications of GO and rGO created from natural sources Graphene is a multidisciplinary material with applications in almost every sector of science and engineering. Graphene from Natural Sources: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications is a noteworthy reference for material scientists and engineers in academia and industry interested in reducing costs and employing green synthesis methods in their work.

Thermoplastic matrix composites have attracted much attention in the composites industry due to their easy processibility and improved impact properties. Although there are many books on thermoplastic composites available, none emphasize flexible towpregs and their composite properties. This book discusses various methods of manufacturing flexible towpregs, their properties, their textile preforming behavior, the properties of textile preform, and the properties of final composites. FEATURES Gives readers a complete view of composite manufacturing Offers details on flexible prepregs that other books overlook, such as manufacturing methods, influence of processing parameters, and properties Includes explanations that cover all steps of manufacturing with examples Features case studies and homework exercises for all chapters to reinforce understanding Provides technological information, discussion, and analysis of problems related to all types of flexible towpregs, such as commingling, electrostatic powder coating, wrapped hybrid yarns, micro-braided hybrid yarns, core-spun hybrid yarns, and others This book is aimed at readers working with composite materials, industrial textiles, and related areas to understand the significance of thermoplastic composites made through textile performance of flexible towpregs.

The self-contained properties of discotic liquid crystals (DLCs) render them powerful functional materials for many semiconducting device applications and models for energy and charge migration in self-organized dynamic functional soft materials. The past three decades have seen tremendous interest in this area, fueled primarily by the possibility of creating a new generation of organic semiconductors and wide viewing displays using DLCs. While a number of books on classical calamitic liquid crystals are available, there are, as yet, no books that are dedicated exclusively to the basic design principles, synthesis, and physical properties of DLCs. The first reference book to cover DLCs, Chemistry of Discotic Liquid Crystals: From Monomers to Polymers highlights the chemistry and thermal behavior of DLCs. Divided into six chapters, each with a general description, background, and context for the concepts involved, the book begins with a basic introduction to liquid crystals, describing molecular self-assembly and various types of liquid crystals. It outlines their classification, covers their history and general applications, and focuses on DLCs and their discovery, structure, characterization, and alignment. The book goes on to examine the chemistry and physical properties of various monomeric DLCs, including 25 sections describing the synthesis and mesomorphic properties of monomeric DLCs formed by different cores. The bulk of the book covers the chemistry and mesomorphism of discotic dimers, oligomers, and polymers and concludes with a look at some applicable properties of DLCs. A comprehensive and up-to-date resource, this book is designed to be accessible and of value not just for students and researchers but also to the directors and principal investigators working in this field, providing the foundation and fuel to advance this fast-growing technological field.

This volume will capture transformational changes in both the chemistry and engineering side of solvent extraction, creating new directions and deepening our understanding of the structure and dynamics of liquid-liquid systems from the molecular- to nano- to meso- to bulk-scale. Reviews will cover advances in microfluidics, new tools for understanding the structure and dynamics of the liquid-liquid interface, ionic liquids in liquid-liquid extraction, molecular dynamics to visualize interactions in the solvent phase, liquid-liquid electrochemistry to interrogate the energetics of interfacial transport and complexation, design of new extractants, and the streamlining of process applications.

Unlike traditional NMR textbooks for chemists, this fresh look at the topic combines theory, technology and application in a wide range of fields, targeting biochemists, medicinal chemists, and structural biologists, as well as organic chemists. The text has been developed from a one-semester graduate-level course taught by the authors at the University of Zurich, and offers numerous intuitive illustrations, training exercises and plain-language explanations of complex theory. Divided into four major parts, the first introduces the theory, providing a profound understanding of why experiments work, without a rigorous mathematical treatment of all the physico-chemical computations and deliberately shorter than in most other NMR textbooks. Part two discusses current instrumentation and practical aspects, including sample preparation, processing of raw data and the use of databases, while the third part focuses on the main application of NMR, with examples and training spectra taken from a wide range of synthetic and natural compounds. Part four introduces a selection of modern NMR applications in chemistry, biochemistry, medicinal chemistry and molecular biology, explaining the protocols used and how to interpret the results. With its focus on practical aspects and applications, this text will prove useful long after leaving college, by helping users to select experimental methods and in setting up and running their own NMR experiments.

"Biodegradable Composites for Packaging Applications" describes design, processing, and manufacturing of advanced biodegradable composites in packaging industry applications. It covers fundamentals of biodegradable polymers followed by introduction to biodegradable materials for food packaging industry and its processing mechanisms. Pertinent applications are explained across different chapters including intelligent packaging, applied technologies, degradation problems and its impact on environment and associated challenges. Features Covers biodegradable composites and targeted applications in packaging for industrial applications. Includes exhaustive processing and characterizations of biodegradable composites. Discusses innovative commodities packaging applications. Reviews advanced integrated design and fabrication problems for conductive and sensors applications. Explores various properties and functionalities through extensive theoretical and experimental modeling. This volume is aimed at researchers and graduate students in sustainable materials, composite technology, biodegradable plastics, and food technology and engineering.

With a history that reaches back some 90 years, the Hume-Rothery rules were developed to provide guiding principles in the search for new alloys. Ultimately, the rules bridged metallurgy, crystallography, and physics in a way that led to the emergence of a physics of the solid state in 1930s, although the physical implications of the rules were never fully resolved. Even today, despite a revived interest brought about by the 1984 discovery of quasicrystals, much about the rules remains an enigma. Now almost a century after the rules were put forward, Hume-Rothery Rules for Structurally Complex Alloy Phases provides researchers with an insightful and applicable interpretation of the Hume-Rothery electron concentration rule. Invoking first-principle band calculations, the book emphasizes the stability of structurally complex metallic alloys (CMAs).Written by Uichiro Mizutani, long considered the most knowledgeable expert on both the history and science of Hume-Rothery, this seminal work - Offers a unified interpretation of phase stabilization mechanism of CMAs in different classes Explains how to determine the effective valency of transition metal elements Details establishment of d-states-mediated-FsBz interactions in strongly orbital-hybridizing systems Covers the contrast between e/a and VEC, two notions of electron concentration parameters and includes a way to differentiate between them in designing new alloys Explores strengths and shortcomings for the theory on alloy phase stability Discusses the latest take on electron concentration for gamma-brass This work summarizes the ongoing history of Hume-Rothery and reflects the theoretical studies that Professor Mizutani embarked upon to gain deeper understanding of the basic physics behind stabilizing effects related to electron concentration. It describes how metallic and coval

The book gives an overview about all relevant electrochemical and spectroscopic methods used in corrosion research. Besides the correct use and interpretation, the methods are correlated with industrial test methods for organic coatings and conversion layers.

In recent decades, luminescent nanomaterials have generated great interest in the scientific community due to their unique properties, which are different from those of their bulk counterparts, and their use in a wide variety of applications. Today, luminescent nanomaterials are used in a number of applications such as displays, solid-state lighting, solar cells, long afterglow, dosimetry, theft prevention, medical imaging, phototherapy, and quantum and gas sensing. This book presents cutting-edge research from experts in the field of synthesis and characterization of luminescent nanomaterials and their potential applications. It covers interesting topics in semiconductor physics, photochemistry, physical chemistry, materials science, and luminescence, and will be useful for beginners and advanced researchers interested in this field.

This book reviews the latest research, development, and future potential of polyimides and green polymer chemistry. It combines the major interdisciplinary research in this area. Polymers with imidic structure, known as polyimides, are widely investigated owing to their practical implications in numerous industrial sectors. The book explains why polyimides offer versatility unparalleled in comparison to most other classes of macromolecules. In addition, developments in green polymer chemistry in this area have been stimulated by health and environmental concerns, interest in sustainability, desire to decrease the dependence on petroleum, and opportunities to design and produce "green" products and processes. Major advances include new uses of green processing methodologies, and green polymeric products. Imidic Polymers and Green Polymer Chemistry: New Technology and Developments in Process and Product is targeted to scientists, engineers, and students who are involved or interested in green polymer chemistry and imidic polymers. This book will serve as a valuable reference for those with an interest in synthesis of polyimides and the chemistry and physical chemistry of polyimide compounds.

The structure, function and reactions of nucleic acids are central to molecular biology and medicine and are crucial for understanding of the ever-expanding range of complex biological processes involved which are central to life. Revised, extended, updated and lavishly illustrated, this 4th Edition of Nucleic Acids in Chemistry and Biology is a long-awaited standard text for teaching and research in nucleic acids science. It maintains the close integration of chemistry and biology that characterised the earlier editions and contains a major expansion largely focused on the burgeoning growth of RNA science. Written by an international team of leading experts, all with extensive teaching experience, this 4th Edition provides up-to-date and extended coverage of the reactions and interactions of RNA and DNA with proteins and drugs. A brief history of the discovery of nucleic acids is followed by a molecule-based introduction to the structure and biological roles of DNA and RNA and the basics of Genes and Genomes. New key chapters are devoted to non-coding RNA, nucleic acids sequencing, nucleic acid therapeutics, in vitro evolution and aptamers, and protein-RNA interactions. The text is linked to an extensive list of references to make it a definitive reference source. This authoritative volume presents topics in an integrated manner and readable style with full colour illustrations throughout. It is ideal for graduate and undergraduate students of chemistry and biochemistry, biophysics and biotechnology, and molecular biology and medicine. It will be a guidebook for new researchers to the field of nucleic acids science.

First year core course introductory textbook on the nature of matter that puts the physics before mathematical description Physics of Matter is an introductory textbook on the nature of matter, based on a description of gases, liquids, liquid crystals, and solids in terms of the forces that bind atoms together and the thermal motion of the atoms, that discusses the relationship of these phases of matter to heat and the basic principles of thermodynamics. Physics of Matter is unique in its coverage of material and includes topics that have become important in recent times such as graphene and liquid crystals. Material in the book is reinforced by numerous worked examples in the text and problems and solutions at the end of each chapter, the latter ranging in difficulty from simple exercises to challenging problems. The emphasis is on clarity of exposition and explanation, putting the physics before the mathematical with general physical principles that can be more widely applied being stressed. Published in the Manchester Physics Series, which has the reputation of providing insight, depth, and often details on a subject not found in other textbooks, sample topics covered in Physics of Matter include: Characteristics of atoms (sizes and masses) and Avogadro’s number, the forces that bind atoms and molecules together, and the Lennard-Jones potential Thermal energy, temperature, and the Boltzmann law, covering equations of state, the ideal gas equation, and equipartition of energy Kinetic theory and transport properties of gases, covering molecular collisions, pressure of an ideal gas, the mean free path and diffusion Real gases, including Van der Waal’s equation of state, virial expansion, critical constants, and heat capacities Reversible processes, entropy, the Carnot cycle, the thermodynamic fundamental relationship, and Gibbs free energy Solids, including crystal structure, elastic moduli, and Einstein’s model of heat capacity Liquids, including liquid flow and Bernoulli’s equation Physics of Matter is a valuable learning resource for first- and second-year students in physics, chemistry, and engineering, as well as those in adjacent science courses including environmental and biological sciences. The book is written for the subject traditionally called “Properties of Matter.”

Due to the increasing popularity of herbal-based drugs under the pandemic like COVID 19, the worldwide demand for medicinal plants has increased to aid the immune system. Very timely topic for working on or have an interest in the traditional as well as modern research of medicinal plants. The book can be a useful reference for students, pharmacists, pharmacognosists, chemists, phytochemists, and cosmetic chemists by providing information about fundamental chemical principles, modes of action, and product formulation of bioactive natural products for medical applications.

The field of nanocatalysis is undergoing rapid development. Nanocatalysis can help in designing catalysts with excellent activity, greater selectivity, and high stability. Their properties can easily be tuned by tailoring the size, shape, and morphology of the particular nanomaterial. Exhibiting both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic properties, nanocatalysts allow for rapid and selective chemical transformations, with the benefits of excellent product yield and ease of catalyst separation and recovery. Nanocatalysis: Synthesis of Bioactive Heterocycles reviews the catalytic performance and the synthesis and characterization of nanocatalysts, examining the current state of the art and pointing the way towards new avenues of research specially synthesis of bioactive heterocycles. Top researchers summarize synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of bioactive heterocycles using a nanocatalytic framework. The catalytic performance and the synthesis and characterization of nanocatalysts are reviewed. State of the art methods and new and emerging applications of nanocatalysts in the synthesis of biologically active heterocycles are detailed. Additional features include: Focuses on designing and synthesizing nanocatalysts specifically for the synthesis of different bioactive heterocycles. Demonstrates how nanocatalysis can produce catalysts with excellent activity, greater selectivity, and high stability. Explores tuning catalysts properties by tailoring the size, shape, and morphology of a nanomaterial. Offers the reader insights into the field of nanoscience via nanocatalysis. Nanocatalysis: Synthesis of Bioactive Heterocycles is a must read for researchers in organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry and biochemistry.

Succeed in your course with INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY: A FOUNDATION! This best-selling text combines enhanced problem-solving structure with substantial pedagogy to help you become a successful problem solver. Early coverage of chemical reactions, accessible explanations and visualizations, and an emphasis on everyday applications facilitates understanding. The authors’ step-by-step approach has already helped hundreds of thousands of student's master chemical concepts and develop strong problem-solving skills. Interactive study aids in OWLv2, such as ChemWork Problems and Adaptive Learning Activities, help students master concepts.