Exploring Private Law presents a collection of essays, by leading scholars from across the world, on private law doctrines, remedies, and methods. The overarching purpose of the collection, inspired by recent debate, is to celebrate and illustrate the contribution that both top-down' and bottom-up' methods of reasoning make to the development of private law. With that purpose in mind, the contributors to the collection explore a range of topics of current interest: judicial approaches to top-down' and bottom-up' methods; teaching trusts law; the protection of privacy in private law; the development of the law of unjust enrichment; the private law consequences of theft; equity's jurisdiction to relieve against forfeiture; the nature of fiduciary relationships and obligations; the duties of trustees; compensation and disgorgement remedies; partial rescission; the role of unconscionability in proprietary estoppel; and the nature of registered title to land.

Now updated with everything you need to know about the Scots Law of Delict. Recognising the multi-faceted nature of the Scots law of delict, this new edition provides a truly comprehensive guide to the law. With numerous case studies and clear illustration of key concepts, this is essential reading for all students encountering delict for the first time as well as practitioners who require a ready reference for their practice.

Using original empirical data and critiquing existing research, Samia Bano explores the experience of British Muslim woman who use Shari'ah councils to resolve marital disputes. She challenges the language of community rights and claims for legal autonomy in matters of family law showing how law and community can empower as well as restrict women.

This essay by Thomas Arnold Herbert, first published in 1891, deals with the history of prescription in English law, analogous to the more commonly known statute of limitations. Herbert won the prestigious Yorke Prize in 1890 for a longer version of this essay, which was then reduced by the author to a more specific treatise on this aspect of the history of law. This is a highly informative essay on the evolution of an important aspect of English jurisdiction and is well supplied with a list of the relevant case law.

This edition is an affordable, all-purpose resource designed to support any classroom text. It provides up-to-date versions of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure, Rules of Procedure of the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation, habeas corpus rules, Rules of the Supreme Court of the United States, Federal Rules of Evidence, and the U.S. Constitution. Pending rule amendments are presented through interlineation, permitting users to see the pending amendments as a markup to the text of the current rules.

This volume analyzes whether China's thirty years of legal reform have taken root in Chinese society by examining how ordinary citizens are using the legal system in contemporary China. It is an interdisciplinary look at law in action and at legal institutions from the bottom up, that is, beginning with those at the ground level that are using and working in the legal system. It explores the emergent Chinese conception of justice one that seeks to balance Chinese tradition, socialist legacies, and the needs of the global market. Given the political dimension of dispute resolution in creating, settling, and changing social norms, this volume contributes to a greater understanding of political and social change in China today and of the process of legal reform generally.

In this highly original book, Robert Nagel demonstrates how contemporary constitutional politics reflect the moral character of American culture. He persuasively argues that judicial decisions embody wider social tendenceies towards moral evasiveness, privatization, and opportunism. Constitutional interpretation, he urges, is often an effort to stifle political disagreement and, ultimately, to censor our own beliefs and traditions. Nagel ranges over such controversial topics as the confirmation hearings of Clarence Thomas and Robert Bork, local resistance to abortion rights, political correctness on campus, and judicial decisions dealing with pornography, flag burning, gay rights, school prayer, and racial desegregation. Crossing conventional political and philosophical lines, the analysis is surprising and provocative. Nagel sees fundamental similarities between liberals like Ronald Dworkin and conservatives like Bork. He finds judicial arrogance in jurists as different as William Brennan and Sandra O'Connor. Clearly written and forcefully argued, this work is an audacious examination of judicial power as an integral part of our increasingly anxious and intolerant society.

Der europaische ordre public ist seit mehr als einer Dekade Gegenstand der rechtswissenschaftlichen Diskussion. Im Zusammenhang mit der fortschreitenden Europaisierung des Internationalen Privat- und Verfahrensrechts wird die Frage beantwortet, ob ein Kernbereich des europaischen ordre public ermittelt werden kann und wie sich das Verhaltnis der Vorbehaltsklausel im Hinblick auf den nationalen ordre public der Mitgliedsstaaten darstellt. Die Studie berucksichtigt dabei auch die Veranderungen durch den Vertrag von Lissabon. Am Beispiel eines Landerberichts stellt die Autorin die Perspektive des Rechts von England und Wales auf die europaische Vorbehaltsklausel dar. Im Anschluss eroertert sie die Moeglichkeit der Abschaffung des ordre public im Binnenmarkt.

This book provides a new conceptual model for considering constitutional rights from a comparative perspective. A prestigious club bars women from standing for executive positions. A homeowner refuses to rent their house to a person on grounds of their race. Each of these real-life cases involves the exercise of private power, which deprives individuals of their rights. Can these individuals invoke the Constitution in response? Horizontal Rights: An Institutional Approach brings a fresh perspective to these age-old, yet fraught issues. This book argues that constitutional scholarship and doctrine, across jurisdictions, has proceeded from an inarticulate premise called ‘default verticality.’ This is based on a set of underlying philosophical assumptions, which presumes that constitutional rights are presumptively applicable against the State, and need special justification to be applied against private parties. Departing from default verticality and its assumptions, this book argues that constitutional rights should apply horizontally between private parties where the existence of an economic, social, or cultural institution creates a difference in power between the parties, and allows one to violate the rights of the other. The institutional approach aims to be both theoretically convincing, as well as a providing a workable model for constitutional adjudication. It applies both to classic issues such as restrictive covenants, as well as cutting-edge contemporary legal problems around the regulation of platform work and the distribution of property upon divorce. This promises to be an exciting new contribution to the global conversation around constitutional rights and private power.

Civil Procedure Rules at 20 is a collection of presentations and papers to mark the 20th anniversary of the CPR coming into force, many of which were delivered orally at the CPR at 20 Conference at the Bonavero Institute of Human Rights, at Mansfield College, Oxford, in 2019. The presentations and papers have been edited and extended to provide a permanent record available to a wider audience. The book is dedicated to examining key challenges and changes facing the civil justice system, marking the 20th anniversary of the current civil procedures governing civil litigation in England and Wales. It addresses a range of technical, political, and controversial subjects on access to justice and the rules governing civil litigation, including the digitization of the justice system and the future role of artificial intelligence; the emergence of class actions; disclosure rules and reform; restrictions on Judicial Review challenges to Government decisions; closed material proceedings; and efforts to make the costs of civil litigation more affordable and proportional, including the availability of legal aid. With a Foreword by Lord Briggs, the contributions come from those best qualified to tell this story, from senior judges, practitioners, and leading academic scholars each with their own unique perspective.

In "Rhetoric, Irony, and Law in the Formation of Canadian Civil Culture," Michael Dorland and Maurice Charland examine how, over the roughly 400-year period since the encounter of First Peoples with Europeans in North America, rhetorical or discursive fields took form in politics and constitution-making, in the formation of a public sphere, and in education and language. The study looks at how these fields changed over time within the French regime, the British regime, and in Canada since 1867, and how they converged through trial and error into a Canadian civil culture.

The authors establish a triangulation of fields of discourse formed by law (as a technical discourse system), rhetoric (as a public discourse system), and irony (as a means of accessing the public realm as the key pillars upon which a civil culture in Canada took form) in order to scrutinize the process of creating a civil culture. By presenting case studies ranging from the legal implications of the transition from French to English law to the continued importance of the Louis Riel case and trial, the authors provide detailed analyses of how communication practices form a common institutional culture.

As scholars of communication and rhetoric, Dorland and Charland have written a challenging examination of the history of Canadian governance and the central role played by legal and other discourses in the formation of civil culture.

Die Bundesregierung sowie die Regierungskoalition haben umfangreiche Gesetzentwurfe zur Reform der Zivilprozessordnung vorgelegt. Auf diesen grundet das ZPO-Reformgesetz, das am 01.01.2002 in Kraft getreten ist. Diese wahrend des Gesetzgebungsverfahrens in der Literatur ausgiebig diskutierte "Revolution im Zivilprozessrecht" rechtfertigt eine wissenschaftliche Untersuchung. Da die Reform die bedeutendsten AEnderungen im Bereich der Berufung vorsieht, ist die neue Berufung Gegenstand der Untersuchung. Ziel der Untersuchung ist die Darstellung der neuen Berufung in der praktischen Rechtsanwendung, die Wurdigung der an den neuen Regelungen geubten Kritik, die Verdeutlichung der Auswirkungen der neuen Berufung auf die Praxis durch Beispielsfalle sowie die Erarbeitung von AEnderungsvorschlagen. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit werden zunachst die bisherigen die Berufung betreffenden Reformbemuhungen von Gesetzgeber und Literatur seit Bestehen der ZPO dargestellt. Im Anschluss daran wird die Entstehungsgeschichte der jungsten ZPO-Reform beleuchtet. Im zweiten Teil werden die Regelungen uber die neue Berufung im Einzelnen untersucht. Im dritten Teil wird die Reformdiskussion in der Literatur gewurdigt und anhand von Beispielsfallen erlautert, wie sich die neue Berufung auf die Praxis der Rechtsanwendung auswirken wird. Im vierten Teil werden AEnderungen zum Reformgesetz im Bereich der Berufung vorgeschlagen, die die Reform als Ganzes nicht in Frage stellen, aber aus der Sicht des rechtsuchenden Burgers Verbesserungen bringen.

Death in Custody considers the participation of bereaved families in an inquest following a death in custody. It looks at the legal frameworks governing participation, as well as relevant theories of justice, participation, procedural fairness and grief theory. Interviews were carried out with people with personal experience of complex inquests, including bereaved family members. Participation can provide families with redress and allow them to represent the deceased, as well as being an important part of their grief process. It also helps to ensure a fair process, which has a positive impact on accountability and legitimacy. Family participation improves accountability by maximising the chance of achieving the right outcome via scrutiny, therefore identifying failures. Families also brings balance to the process, provide vital information about the deceased as well as helping to ensure that lessons are learned that will prevent future deaths. Death in Custody shows that procedural justice theory is relevant for participation in processes investigating human rights violations. It includes key recommendations on how to ensure participation can be fair and effective.

Das Institut des Prozessbetrugs ist nicht nur in der standigen Rechtsprechung des Reichsgerichts und des Bundesgerichtshofes, sondern auch im Schrifttum anerkannt. Die Verfasserin arbeitet heraus, welche Probleme der Prozessbetrug in den verschiedenen zivilprozessualen Verfahrensarten in Theorie und Praxis bereitet. Anschliessend stellt sie das altehrwurdige Institut des Prozessbetrugs in Frage. Auf der Grundlage der heutigen Betrugsdogmatik verneint die Autorin diese grundsatzliche Frage nach der Moeglichkeit eines Prozessbetrugs uberhaupt. Sie kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass die Prozessluge de lege lata in der Regel straflos ist. Schliesslich wird ein Vorschlag fur eine zu schaffende Vorschrift der falschen Parteibehauptung erarbeitet, die geeignet ist, solche Handlungen zu poenalisieren, uber deren Strafwurdigkeit heute in Rechtsprechung und Literatur Einigkeit besteht.

Grounded in interpretive theory and offering interdisciplinary insights from sociological, psychological, and gender studies, this book addresses the question - How do professional, lay, and gendered actors understand and experience case processing in litigation and mediation? Drawing on data from 131 interviews, questionnaires, and observations of plaintiffs, defendants, lawyers, and mediators involved in 64 fatality and medical injury cases, the book challenges dominant understandings of how formal legal processes and dispute resolution work in practice as well as the notion that disputants and their representatives broadly understand and want the same things during case processing. In juxtaposing actors' discourse on all sides of ongoing cases on issues such as expectations, needs, comprehensions of what plaintiffs seek from the legal system, objectives for resolving conflict at mediation, and perceptions of what occurs during attempts at case resolution, the findings reveal inherent problems with the core workings of the legal system. By providing in-depth views on the micro-elements of case processing, the book uncovers important issues about formal and informal justice, the inextricability of disputants' legal and often overriding extra-legal needs, and current paradigms relating to professional, lay, and gendered identities. This book is unique in examining and understanding the workings of the legal system through juxtaposing lawyers', plaintiffs', defendants' and mediators' perceptions of litigation and mediation in ongoing litigated cases. This has not been done before, as access difficulties are immeasurable * The book adds to the paucity of in-depth empirical data from plaintiffs and defendants themselves on their motivations, perceptions and extra-legal agendas during litigation and mediation. The findings additionally offer insight into how female and male lawyers practice law, and how female and male plaintiffs and defendants experience legal processes.

In The Law of Evidence in Victorian England, which was originally published in 1997, Christopher Allen provides a fascinating account of the political, social and intellectual influences on the development of evidence law during the Victorian period. His book sets out to challenge the traditional view of the significance of Jeremy Bentham's critique of the state of contemporary evidence law, and shows how statutory reforms were achieved for reasons that had little to do with Bentham's radical programme, and how evidence law was developed by common law judges in a way diametrically opposed to that advocated by Bentham. Dr Allen's meticulous account provides a wealth of detail into the functioning of courts in Victorian England, and will appeal to everyone interested in the English legal system during this period.

Eine der Kernaufgaben des Insolvenzverwalters bzw. Sachwalters besteht in der Ruckabwicklung von vorinsolvenzlichen Vermoegensverfugungen nach den 129 ff. InsO. Bei Interessenkollisionen kann indes ein Unterlassen der Insolvenzanfechtung fur den Verwalter opportun erscheinen. Dann kommt zum einen eine zivilrechtliche Schadensersatzpflicht in Betracht. Zum anderen steht eine Untreue- und Bankrottstrafbarkeit im Raum. Der Autor setzt sich in dieser Publikation mit der Strafbarkeit des Verwalters aufgrund der pflichtwidrig unterlassenen Anfechtung - unter umfassender Berucksichtigung der insolvenzrechtlichen Hintergrunde - auseinander. Im Anschluss an die materiell-rechtliche Beurteilung geht der Autor auf die strafprozessualen Schwierigkeiten bei der Beweisaufnahme und -wurdigung ein.

Im Bereicherungsrecht wird bei der Ruckabwicklung eines nichtigen, aber vollzogenen Vertrags die unrichtige Zuordnung der ausgetauschten Vermoegensguter in der Zeit zwischen Leistung und Ruckabwicklung durch den Nutzungsanspruch gemass 818 Abs. 1, 1. Var. BGB ausgeglichen. Nach dem Gesetzeswortlaut kann der Ausgleich durch Herausgabe der konkret erzielten Ertrage (Fruchte) oder durch Wertersatz fur den Gebrauchsvorteil geschehen. Die Autorin untersucht, in welchen Fallen eine Ertragsherausgabe zu erfolgen hat und wie in den ubrigen Fallen der Gebrauchsvorteil zu ersetzen ist. Sie setzt sich hierbei unter anderem mit den allgemeinen bereicherungsrechtlichen Themen der Gewinnherausgabe, des Zuweisungsgehalts von Vermoegensgutern und des objektiven Wertbegriffs auseinander.

The emergence of EU Private Law as an independent legal discipline is one of the most significant developments in European legal scholarship in recent times. In this 2010 Companion, leading scholars provide a critical introduction to the subject's key areas, while offering original and thought-provoking comment on the field. In addition to several chapters on consumer law topics, the collection has individual chapters on commercial contracts, competition law, non-discrimination law, financial services and travel law. It also discusses the wider issues concerning EU Private Law, such as its historical evolution, the role of comparative law, language and terminology, as well as the implications of the Common Frame of Reference project. A useful 'scene-setting' introduction and further reading arranged thematically make this important publication the student's and scholar's first port of call when exploring the field.

Der Gesetzgeber hat mit Einfuhrung des Gesetzes zur Reform des Zivilprozesses vom 1.1.2002 das Zivilverfahren im Bereich der Rechtsmittel zum Teil grundlegend umstrukturiert und in den Folgejahren weitere AEnderungen und Erganzungen vorgenommen. Vor dem Hintergrund der fur die tagliche Praxis erheblichen Bedeutung der Rechtsmittel und Rechtsbehelfe gegen sogenannte "Nebenentscheidungen" rechtfertigt sich eine umfassende wissenschaftliche Untersuchung. Deren Schwerpunkt liegt hierbei zum einen auf einer Gesamtdarstellung des Beschwerderechts an Hand von Beispielsfallen und zum anderen auf den Auswirkungen der in den letzten Jahren vom Reformgesetzgeber eingefuhrten AEnderungen auf die Praxis. Hierbei ist es unerlasslich, an vielen Stellen die Motive des Reformgesetzgebers darzustellen, was bei den wesentlichen Neuerungen mit einer kritischen Wurdigung verbunden wird.

Die Zahl der Kartellverfahren ist konstant, obgleich die Hoehe der verhangten Bussgelder seit langem ansteigt. Der Autor greift diesen Umstand der mangelnden Rechtsbefolgung auf und untersucht, ob und inwieweit der kartellrechtliche Schadensersatzanspruch Abhilfe schaffen kann. Er betrachet die Passivlegitimation von Managern, um praventiv eine bessere Verhaltenssteuerung zu erreichen und beleuchtet oekonomische Aspekte zur persoenlichen Haftung. Anschliessend behandelt er die Kernfrage der Passivlegitimation im Kartelldeliktsrecht und stellt dogmatische Grundlagen dar. Zudem werden weitere Fragen wie die enthaftende Wirkung von Compliance-Systemen, der Gesamtschuldnerausgleich zwischen Unternehmen und Manager sowie weitere Moeglichkeiten der Haftungsreduzierung des Managers untersucht.

The human services are established to support the most vulnerable and marginalised people in our society. Yet media and other reports frequently highlight a disturbing picture of industry failures, malpractice and abuse. This book addresses the response of legal and quasi-legal bodies to human service failures. It outlines those areas of law which are most likely to be activated by human service shortcomings, and those aspects of direct human service delivery which are most likely to attract legal attention. Essential reading for those studying or working in human services and social work, this book is designed to alert people to the legal risks arising as a result of inadequate human service delivery.

The eighteenth-century English game laws have long been synonymous with petty tyranny. By imposing a property qualification on sportsmen, they effectively denied all but country gentlemen the right to take game or even to possess a gun. Those who challenged the gentry's monopoly were fined or imprisoned, usually after only a summary hearing by the local justice of the peace. In the early nineteenth century, it was claimed that one out of every four inmates in England's prisons was an offender against the game laws. Bitterly denounced at the time, they have continued to be condemned by historians as arbitrary, savage and unjust. This book is the first full scholarly examination of the English game laws. Based on material drawn from over two dozen archives - including judicial records, estate correspondence and personal diaries - it attempts to explain what the laws actually were, why they were passed, how they were enforced and why they were eventually repealed. The picture which emerges from this investigation challenges the conventional wisdom about the game laws in a number of important respects.