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Books > Social sciences > Politics & government > Political structure & processes > Colonization & independence
This book draws together relevant research findings to produce the first comprehensive overview of Indigenous peoples' mobility. Chapters draw from a range of disciplinary sources, and from a diversity of regions and nation-states. Within nations, mobility is the key determinant of local population change, with implications for service delivery, needs assessment, and governance. Mobility also provides a key indicator of social and economic transformation. As such, it informs both social theory and policy debate. For much of the twentieth century conventional wisdom anticipated the steady convergence of socio-demographic trends, seeing this as an inevitable concomitant of the development process. However, the patterns and trends in population movement observed in this book suggest otherwise, and provide a forceful manifestation of changing race relations in these new world settings. eBook available with sample pages: 0203464788
From the 1850's until the 1880's, British Colonial administrators established wide-ranging legislation aimed at slowing the spread of venereal disease and the loss of soldier-power it brought about. The legislation, known as the Contagious Diseases (CD) ordinances and regulations, identified female prostitutes as the principal source of infection and required them to register officially and undergo regular examinations designed to detect venereal disease. While most agree that the CD ordinances were put in place primarily to protect the health of British soldiers, a closer examination reveals that the laws were not just about the control of VD but also "a conscious instrument of colonial dominance".
The present collection brings together a series of studies by Peter
Marshall on British imperial expansion in the later 18th century.
Some essays focus on the thirteen North American colonies, the West
Indies, and British contact with China; those dealing specifically
with India have appeared in the author's 'Trade and Conquest:
Studies on the rise of British domination in India'. The majority,
culminating in the four addresses on 'Britain and the World in the
Eighteenth Century' delivered as President of the Royal Historical
Society, deal with the processes and dynamics of empire-building
and aim to bring together the history of Asia and the Atlantic. The
themes investigated include the pressures that induced Britain to
pursue new imperial strategies from the mid-18th century, Britain's
contrasting fortunes in India and North America, and the way in
which the British adjusted their conceptions of empire from one
based on freedom and the domination of the seas, to one which
involved the exercise of autocratic rule over millions of people
and great expanses of territory.
The process of decolonization transformed colonial and European metropolitan societies culturally, politically and economically. Its legacy continues to affect postcolonial politics as well as cultural and intellectual life in Europe and its former colonies and overseas territories. Grouped around the most salient themes, this compilation includes discussions of metropolitan politics, gender, sexuality, race, culture, nationalism and economy, and thereby offers a comparative and interdisciplinary assessment of decolonization. The Decolonization Reader will provide scholars and students with a thorough understanding of the impact of decolonization on world history and cross-cultural encounters worldwide.
From the 1850's until the 1880's, British Colonial administrators established wide-ranging legislation aimed at slowing the spread of venereal disease and the loss of soldier-power it brought about. The legislation, known as the Contagious Diseases (CD) ordinances and regulations, identified female prostitutes as the principal source of infection and required them to register officially and undergo regular examinations designed to detect venereal disease. While most agree that the CD ordinances were put in place primarily to protect the health of British soldiers, a closer examination reveals that the laws were not just about the control of VD but also "a conscious instrument of colonial dominance".
Over the last century, identity as an avenue of inquiry has become both an academic growth industry and a problematic category of historical analysis. This volume shows how the study of medicine can provide new insights into colonial identity, and the possibility of accommodating multiple perspectives on identity within a single narrative. Contributors to this volume explore the perceived self-identity of colonizers; the adoption of western and traditional medicine as complementary aspects of a new, modern and nationalist identity; the creation of a modern identity for women in the colonies; and the expression of a healer's identity by physicians of traditional medicine.
Related link: The Society for the Social History of Medicine eBook available with sample pages: 0203522311
The process of familiarization with and adaptation to unfamiliar landscapes has been integral to colonization and settlement throughout human history. This innovative and important volume presents the archaeological and anthropological foundations of the landscape learning process. Contributions apply the related fields of ethnography, cognitive psychology, and historical archaeology to the issues of individual exploration, development of trail systems, folk knowledge, social identity, and the role of the frontier in the growth of the modern world. A series of case studies examines the archaeological evidence for and interpretations of landscape learning from the movement of the first pre-modern humans into Europe, peoplings of the Old and New World at the end of the Ice Age, and colonization of the Pacific, to the English colonists at Jamestown. The final chapters summarize the implications of the landscape learning idea for our understanding of human history and set out a framework for future research.
From sugar to indentured labourers, tobacco to reggae music, Europe and North America have been relentlessly consuming the Caribbean and its assets for the past five hundred years. In this fascinating book, Mimi Sheller explores this troublesome history, investigating the complex mobilities of producers and consumers, of material and cultural commodities, including: *foodstuffs and stimulants - sugar, fruit, coffee and rum *human bodies - slaves, indentured labourers and service workers *cultural and knowledge products - texts, music, scientific collections and ethnology *entire 'natures' and landscapes consumed by tourists as tropical paradise.
Consuming the Caribbean demonstrates how colonial exploitation of the Caribbean led directly to contemporary forms of consumption of the region and its products. It calls into question innocent indulgence in the pleasures of thoughtless consumption and calls for a global ethics of consumer responsibility.
The process of familiarization with and adaptation to unfamiliar landscapes has been integral to colonization and settlement throughout human history. This innovative and important volume presents the archaeological and anthropological foundations of the landscape learning process. Contributions apply the related fields of ethnography, cognitive psychology, and historical archaeology to the issues of individual exploration, development of trail systems, folk knowledge, social identity, and the role of the frontier in the growth of the modern world. A series of case studies examines the archaeological evidence for and interpretations of landscape learning from the movement of the first pre-modern humans into Europe, peoplings of the Old and New World at the end of the Ice Age, and colonization of the Pacific, to the English colonists at Jamestown. The final chapters summarize the implications of the landscape learning idea for our understanding of human history and set out a framework for future research.
This new Seminar Study surveys the history of U.S. territorial expansion from the end of the American Revolution until 1860. The book explores the concept of 'manifest destiny' and key themes such as 'Indian' removal and the US government land sales policy. The author also looks at 'foreign'expansion such as the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, and the war with Mexico in the 1840s and 'internal' expansion as American settlers moved west. Finally, the book addresses the most recent historiographical trends in the subject and asks how Americans have dealt with the expansionist legacy
The Portuguese appear to have been the first European visitors to
encounter East Africa, with the arrival of a lone traveller, Pero
da Covilham, in c.1491. Covilham left no account of his
experiences, so Vasco da Gama had little idea of what to expect
when he led his first voyage to the region in 1497. The account of
this expedition paints a vivid portrait of the first contacts
between Portugal and the coastal peoples of East Africa. This
account, together with a wealth of carefully selected documents
comprise this volume of writings which detail Portugal's
relationship with East Africa from the late fifteenth century
through to the seventeenth century. As these documents demonstrate,
the best Portuguese writers had a deep interest in the African
peoples and carefully observed the way their societies worked. The
Portuguese in East Africa lived alongside their African subjects
and the independent chiefs and to a large extent adopted their life
style, technology, business practices, and even their beliefs and
customs. This collection of contemporary writings from the period
brings to life this extraordinary relationship.
Series Information: Central Asia Research Forum
"Mestizo: a person of mixed blood; specifically, a person of mixed
European and American Indian ancestry."
Serge Gruzinski, the renowned historian of Latin America, offers a
brilliant, original critique of colonization and globalization in
"The Mestizo Mind." Looking at the 15th century colonization of
Latin America, Gruzinski documents the melange that resulted:
colonized mating with colonizers; Indians joining the Catholic
Church and colonial government; and Amerindian visualizations of
Jesus and Perseus. These physical and cultural encounters created a
new culture, a new individual, and a phenomenon we now call
globalization. Revealing globalization's early origins, Gruzinski
then fast forwards to the contemporary melange seen in the films of
Peter Greenaway and Wong Kar-Wai to argue that over 500 years of
intermingling has produced the mestizo mind, a state of mixed
thinking that we all possess.
A masterful alchemy of history, anthropology, philosophy and visual
analysis, "The Mestizo Mind" definitively conceptualizes the clash
of civilizations in the style of Homi Bhabha, Gayatri Spivak and
Anne McClintock.
An examination of French citizenship and cultural identity in
Algeria during the last quarter-century of colonial rule. In recent
years, a multicultural society and changing conceptions of French
identity have been the source of considerable debate in
scholarship, literature and the media in France. This book examines
equally contested definitionsof French identity from the past, but
not those forged within the borders of the French 'Hexagon,' as
French geographic space is sometimes called. It is the study of
French sentiment in colonial Algeria of the 1930s, 1940s, and
1950s, during the last quarter century of colonial rule in North
Africa. It seeks to uncover elements of French identity that were
generated past the Pyrenees and the Alps, beyond the bordering
Atlantic Ocean, English Channel and Mediterranean Sea, outside the
physical space so central to "Frenchness." It asks whether
far-reaching state institutions could transform indigenous and
settler populations in colonial Algeria -- Europeans, Jews and
Muslims -- intoFrench men and women. It examines what these
individuals wrote of French sentiment in colonial Algeria. Did they
articulate alternative definitions of French identity? The colonial
"periphery" is clearly quite central to France'sevolving
postcolonial sense of self. Colonial Algerian heterogeneity and the
country's unique relationship to France make it an especially rich
site in which to study French national and cultural identities.
French military conquest and the occupation of the North African
coast established one of the oldest and largest settler colonies
within the French Empire. Unlike other colonies, Algeria lay
relatively close to metropolitan France, a daylong journey by ship
from Marseilles. No colony other than Algeria was granted French
departmental status. No other land administered under the auspices
of the French Empire had as numerous a European settler population,
many of whom becamenaturalized French citizens. This study suggests
that although Algeria had become officially French, "Algerie
francaise", even at the pinnacle of its acceptance, was more
diverse and more contested than its title suggests.
An analysis of the socio-economic changes brought about by colonial rule in a frontier area of Bengal, Jalpaiguri. Challenging long established debates focused around the powers of dominant groups over a settled peasantry, this book broadens our perspective on the 18th century, promoting a deeper understanding of the change-over from the pre-colonial to the colonial era.
Contents: Acknowledgements Abstract Chapter I. Ideology and Education in Puerto Rico, 1493-1898 Chapter II. The Ideology of US Policy Makers Chapter III. The Hampton-Tuskegee-Carlisle Model of Education Chapter IV. Textbooks Used, 1898-1908 Chapter V. Two Master Historians: John Bach McMaster and Salvador Brau Chapter VI. Conclusions Bibliography
Colonialist Photography is an absorbing collection of essays and photographs exploring the relationship between photography and European and American colonialism. Packed with over a hundred images, these captivating pictures range from the first experiments with photography as a documentary medium, up to the decolonisation of many regions after the Second World War. With thirteen essays, Colonialist Photography considers: * how photographs tended to support the cultural and political rhetoric of racial and geographic difference between the West and its colonies * the range of images from 'scientific' categorizing and recording methods, to 'commercial' pictures for collection and display, such as postcards and magazine advertisements * how photographers contributed to cultural, social, and political ideas of race by highlighting racial distinction in their work.
This book is an in-depth study of the importnace of the
Empire-Commonwealth in the two decades after WWII for Britain's
self-image as a great power. By studying a wide range of debates on
general and specific imperial problems, the book highlights the
"official mind" of decolonization - and of late imperialism.
This collection fills the need for a resource that adequately
conceptualizes the place of non-European histories in the larger
narrative of world history. These essays were selected with special
emphasis on their comparative outlook. The chapters range from the
British Empire (India, Egypt, Palestine) to Indonesia, French
colonialism (Brittany and Algeria), South Africa, Fiji, and
Japanese imperialism. Within the chapters, key concepts such as
gender, land and law, and regimes of knowledge are considered.
When he was elected President in 1845, James K. Polk was only 49
years old-at that time the youngest president ever to be elected.
He faced a conflicted nation on the verge of tremendous territorial
expansion. James K. Polk's four years in office marked the greatest
period of territorial acquisition in the history of the
country-what New York journalist John O'Sullivan termed as the
'Manifest Destiny' of the United States to expand across the
continent. By the end of Polk's presidency in 1849, U.S.
possessions included the California, Oregon, and New Mexico
territories. In addition, Texas had become part of the Union. This
book analyzes Polk's political career and his role in each of these
territorial expansions. James K. Polk: A Clear and Unquestionable
Destiny shows that they were far more complex than the moral
crusade that had been labeled 'Manifest Destiny.' Southern planters
wanted to protect their 'peculiar institution' of slavery by adding
new territories from which slave states would be carved. Commercial
interests feared that war with England over any of these
territories would adversely impact upon the nation's trade.
Although the Oregon boundary dispute was settled with little
friction, the Mexican War erupted after the annexation of Texas.
This fascinating biography of our eleventh president and his
successful efforts for expansion of U.S. territory will be of
interest to students studying United States history, foreign
policy, and the massive territorial expansion in the 1840s known as
Manifest Destiny.
"Betts is to be commended on his careful and insightful elucidation
of the complex and novel sets of dilemnas now facing the British
people at a time of superficial calm masking serious
divisions."--"Albion"
The erosion of British sovereignty, national identity and culture,
the subversion of its history and traditions, and the
demoralization of its institutions and public services, are a
source of increasing unease to many. The process began, Betts
argues, with the end of the colonial empires. Since the beginning
of the last decade, concern about the consequences has been
heightened by global instability. The demise of the Communist
empire, the rise of national independence movements, and the
eruption of long standing and bitter ethno-national conflicts have
resulted in a mass migration of economic refugees and asylum
seekers to Britain and other Western nations.
In Britain, public attitudes are ambivalent. In part this is a
consequence of the promotion of the myth of the multiracial
Commonwealth, the regional devolution of the United Kingdom, and
the transition from a European Economic Union into a politically
federalized European super-state. Britain's national interests have
become secondary to those of the United Nations and an inchoate and
unwilling international community. Influenced by an outmoded UN
Convention on Refugees and the lack of a consistent immigration
policy and failure of those immigration controls that do exist,
gradual but major political, social, and cultural shifts have
occurred without the express consent of the majority of the British
electorate. Virtually all public debate by the government and by
politicians on these issues has been taboo, effectively silenced by
fear of being accused of xenophobia, discrimination, and racism.
The result is cynicism and disenchantment with the political
process as a whole.
Betts's objective is to promote responsible and informed
discussion of these issues. In the absence of this, he warns, we
risk the twilight of a harmonious British society, diminished pride
in British institutions and national identity, and competing and
conflicting separatist ethnic, racial, and cultural claims.
"Twilight of Britain" will be of interest to general readers, those
interested in modern Britain and Europe, as well as sociologists,
political scientists, and philosophers.
G. Gordon Betts was educated in the Universities of Cambridge,
Birmingham, Greenwich, and Kent at Canterbury. He is a chartered
chemical engineer, having spent his professional career with a
major British oil company in the petrochemical industry.
This book examines the various factors that have influenced the
growth and development process of contemporary Africa. After
discussing and weighing the schools of thought that have attempted
to explain the paradox of Africa's reduced growth and development
in the midst of abundant resources, this volume comes up with
comprehensive and detailed suggestions and recommendations to
address this painful experience. This book consistently states that
the average Africans, forming the overwhelming majority of the
African population, are the least, if at all, to be blamed for the
paradox; but rather the African leadership and its external cronies
are to be fully blamed. Contemporary Africa's Growth and
Development seeks a solution to the African growth and development
puzzle in proper allocation and oversight of resources, vision,
perseverance, courage, corruption-free and good governance, as well
as concrete, provable, solid, and genuine unity.
This book adopts a global approach to analysing Danish nationhood
in the current context of a Europe paralysed by crises. Focusing on
the global strands which have produced understandings of national
selfhood as a consequence of a series of historical and
contemporary global encounters, it calls for the production of
narratives which better capture how European nations, including
Denmark, are shaped by narratives that cannot be understood in
(national) isolation, but are contingent on ideas about the
nation's globality. In historical terms, this entails examining how
colonialism shaped national self-perceptions; in a contemporary
context, it requires looking at colonialism's unfinished business.
The first chapters revisits colonialism throughout the Danish
empire. In the second section, the book revisits Danish (post-1945)
attempts to restage global interventions and military intervention
since 2000, and considers how migration since 1965 has led to a
profound questioning of relationships with the non-European world -
and increasingly with Europe itself. Postcolonial Denmark situates
Denmark at the centre of a number of current and ever more urgent
challenges facing Europe. As such, it will appeal to scholars of
sociology, political science and cultural studies with interests in
Europe, the Nordic region through a postcolonial, a whiteness and a
decolonial inspired approach.
A study of the first three decades of British rule in Hong Kong, focusing on the troubled and controversial process of establishing a British colony at Hong Kong and on the reception of British rule by people in the region.
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