This is a comprehensive and novel text that examines key features that predispose individuals to autoimmune diseases. The first section details the basic mechanism of autoimmunity and examines immunogenetic and environmental factors in autoimmunity. The next section examines autoimmune thyroid disease. The third section takes a look at Type 1 diabetes mellitus. In the final section, authors explain other autoimmune endocrinopathies.

This book addresses diabetes controversies, specifically in the management of etiology and the disease itself. Chapters also examine the complications associated with diabetes. The volume covers commonly accepted forms of therapies and complications, as well as new and emerging advances and therapies and inadequacies in several standard treatments. Comprehensive and timely, this book is an essential reference for those treating and researching diabetes.

This unique and authoritative book presents an up-to-date overview of the many aspects of energy balance and its relationships to disease processes resulting from excess energy consumption and storage. It provides a comprehensive treatment of important research and clinical aspects of energy metabolism and obesity. It will be a valuable resource for endocrinologists, diabetes specialists, internists and family practitioners.

A concise survey by physicians and researchers of the latest thinking about the causes of diabetes and the best approaches to treating its acute and chronic complications. The authors pay special attention to explaining the molecular basis of diabetes and its complications, as well as to the many recent developments in whole pancreas and islet cell transplantation, including the means for avoiding the rejection of transplanted islets.

RNA binding proteins are an exciting area of research in gene regulation. A multitude of RNA-protein interactions are used to regulate gene expression including pre-mRNA splicing, polyadenylation, editing, transport, cytoplasmic targeting, translation and mRNA turnover. In addition to these post-transcriptional processes, RNA-protein interactions play a key role in transcription as illustrated by the life cycle of retroviruses. Unlike DNA, the structure of RNA is highly variable and conformationally flexible, thus creating a number of unique binding sites and the potential for complex regulation by RNA binding proteins. Although there is a wide range of topics included in this volume, general themes have been repeated, highlighting the overall integrative nature of RNA binding proteins. The chapters have been separated into three different sections: Translational Control; mRNA Metabolism; and Hormonal and Homeostatic Regulation. The chapters of this volume were written with the seasoned investigator and student in mind. Summaries of key concepts are reviewed within each chapter as well as guiding questions that can be used to stimulate class discussions. The Editors of this volume hope that this compendium educates, enthralls, and stimulates the readers to look to the future possibilities in this rapidly evolving field.

This book presents an up-to-date survey of the current scientific understanding of obesity and the metabolic syndrome, as well as an overview of the most significant changes to the field over the past 30 years. The book defines obesity and realistically assesses its prevalence. It further examines and evaluates the success of traditional cognitive behavioral treatment. This volume is a thorough reference for obesity and the metabolic syndrome.

Diabetes is a huge and growing healthcare worry, especially in Western countries. The treatment of both types - 1 and 2 - of this disease has changed radically over the past few years. This work provides an overview of all the changes that will come to be implemented in clinical practice. Summarizing all aspects of treatment, this book delineates the large amount of research work that has been completed over the last few years into the relief of complications in diabetes and vascular medicine in general.

The beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans are the only cells in the body that produce and secrete insulin. This metabolic hormone plays a central role in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis. This book provides a comprehensive review of the beta cell in health and disease. The book 's primary aim is to encourage investigators to become actively involved in diabetes research and the search for new approaches to prevent and treat diabetes.

Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is a highly prevalent condition in developed countries and is a cluster of several risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease that includes increased body mass index/waist circumference, visceral obesity, insulin resistance, hyperclycaemia, dyslipidaemia and hypertension, which are all major causes of morbidity and death. This volume provides a critical review and discussion of the knowledge gathered on MS and analyzes the interplay between oxidative stress, chronic inflammation and angiogenesis features. There is a special focus on recent discoveries and progress toward possible therapeutic strategies, such as the role of glucose transporters within MS; the effects of polyphenols as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic compounds. The role of NFkB, nitric oxide synthases, hypoxia-inducible factors, and many other molecules that play a part in the development of oxidative stress and inflammation as well as angiogenesis is also covered. This book fills the gap between basic science and medical care, and provides the reader with the skills to apply rigorous basic science to clinical settings of metabolic syndrome-associated disorders.

The aim of this volume is to underline that promoting physical activity is crucial to preventing illness and maintaining our health, thus leading to a reduction in healthcare costs. Over the last decade studies have shown that physical exercise plays an important role in maintaining an individual's psycho-physical balance. Physical activity therefore helps in tackling today's major health challenges, including diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiorespiratory diseases.

Only comprehensive reference book on pressure ulcers and their management

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Heart failure is the biggest killer in the western world, and the prevalence is expected to increase due to aging of the population. Over the past decade there has been an increasing awareness of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction as a mechanism of congestive heart failure. This book provides the clinician with essential insights into the epidemiology and aetiology of diastolic heart failure, and will enable them to understand how the condition can be diagnosed. Furthermore, the book will provide insights in cardiac function that are needed to perform and interpret the diagnostic tests, and to provide some guides to treatment choices.

This book looks at the state of housing for people with disabilities with the intent to provide recommendations that can improve housing opportunities. The research contained in this book provides a comprehensive overview of the state of housing in the 21st century and answers important questions about the current housing needs and options for people with disabilities living in the United States. Affordable, accessible, and appropriate housing is critical and integral to making a community more liveable for people with disabilities.

This book focuses on precocious puberty, providing a unique continuum of expertise looking at puberty from anthropologic, epidemiologic, clinical, and molecular perspectives. The volume addresses broad pubertal changes in the general population while at the same time providing in depth information about specific disorders of puberty and the latest management changes. In particular, the book is intended for endocrinologists and internists.

The cause of diabetes mellitus is metabolic in origin. However, its major clinical manifestations, which result in most of the morbidity and mortality, are a result of its vascular pathology. In fact, the American Heart Association has recently stated that, "from the point of view of cardiovascular medicine, it may be appropriate to say, diabetes is a cardiovascular disease" (1). But diabetic vascular disease is not limited to just the macrovasculature. Diabetes mellitus also affects the microcirculation with devastating results, including nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the United States, while diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of new-onset blindness in working-age Americans. The importance of this text on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease is evident by the magnitude of the population affected by diabetes mellitus. Over 10 million Americans have been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, while another 5 million remain undiagnosed. The impact from a public health perspective is huge and increasing. As the population of the United States grows older, more sedentary, and obese, the risk of developing diabetes and its complications will increase. Epidemiological studies have identified diabetes mellitus as a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Over 65% of patients with diabetes mellitus die from a cardiovascular cause. The prognosis of patients with diabetes mellitus who develop overt clinical cardiovascular disease is much worse than those cardiovascular patients free of diabetes mellitus.

The chapters of this book report cutting-edge research on molecular events in adiposity and type 2 diabetes, thus opening the way for innovative drug-based therapeutic strategies. It addresses all those who wish to keep in touch with recent developments in the field.

There is an epidemic sweeping the country. It kills more people than any other disease or any war. Obesity and diabetes are changing the way we look and how our bodies function. We are poisoning our cells so that they cannot communicate with each other effectively. The statistics are well known, and they are only getting worse. So what is really going on? It boils down to something called "insulin resistance." Your body has between 50-100 trillion cells in it. These cells respond to insulin in a variety of ways that are necessary for a healthy, functioning body. When insulin resistance develops, the normal amounts of insulin are not enough. Why does this happen? The membrane, or outer skin, of each cell in our body-no matter what type of cell-are TOILing, that is, the cell membranes are: T-toxic, O-oxidized, I-inflamed, and L-less optimal mitochondrial function The cause of this is an addiction to sugar and processed food. Licking Sweet Death is an indispensible guide to regaining your health and licking your addiction to foods that are poisoning your body for good. Author Hugo Rodier, M.D., is an adjunct professor at the University of Utah College of Health. As a medical doctor, he was inspired to write Licking Sweet Death by his many patients in need of relief from chronic diseases. Several other books, non-fiction and fiction, are in the works. Publisher's website: http://www.strategicpublishinggroup.com/title/LickingSweetDeath.html Author's website: www.hugorodier.com

In Rethinking Diabetes, Emily Mendenhall investigates how global and local factors transform how diabetes is perceived, experienced, and embodied from place to place. Mendenhall argues that the link between sugar and diabetes overshadows the ways in which underlying biological processes linking hunger, oppression, trauma, unbridled stress, and chronic mental distress produce diabetes. The life history narratives in the book show how deeply embedded these factors are in the ways diabetes is experienced and (re)produced among poor communities around the world. Rethinking Diabetes focuses on the stories of women living with diabetes near or below the poverty line in urban settings in the United States, India, South Africa, and Kenya. Mendenhall shows how women's experiences of living with diabetes cannot be dissociated from their social responsibilities of caregiving, demanding family roles, expectations, and gendered experiences of violence that often displace their ability to care for themselves first. These case studies reveal the ways in which a global story of diabetes overlooks the unique social, political, and cultural factors that produce syndemic diabetes differently across contexts. From the case studies, Rethinking Diabetes clearly provides some important parallels for scholars to consider: significant social and economic inequalities, health systems that are a mix of public and private (with substandard provisions for low-income patients), and rising diabetes incidence and prevalence. At the same time, Mendenhall asks us to unpack how social, cultural, and epidemiological factors shape people's experiences and why we need to take these differences seriously when we think about what drives diabetes and how it affects the lives of the poor.

When new fellows join my lab, I give them some reading materials so that they can orient themselves in their assignment in a new eld. When fellows leave my lab, some after writing their dissertations, I prefer to give them a book as a symbolic present. I was longing for a book that contained something on more or less eve- thing about the islets. At the same time, I wished it contained information as recent as possible. There are a few such books in the market but they are pretty outdated. I started picking islets myself from October 1990, when I joined the Rolf Luft Center, Karolinska Institutet. Over the years my fascination for islet research remained high. Since last year, I felt a stronger urge to do more for these mysterious and hidden mini-organs that are directly or indirectly involved in the pathogenesis of all forms of diabetes that affects ?250 million people in the world. After I launched the Islet (landesbioscience. com/journals/islets) and founded the Islet Society (isletso- ety. org), there was a momentum that could be utilized to create something equally meaningful i. e. this book. The idea cracked in September 2008. Starting September 19, 2008, I contacted an estimated 90% of the authors who published anything on the islets during 2007-2008 and who could be traced from the internet.

Neurons share more similarities with insulin-producing pancreatic islet cells than with any other cell type. The root of this similarity may lie in the islet's evolution from an ancestral insulin-producing neuron. The islet-neuron connection becomes less surprising as we learn more about insulin's involvement in functions far from its traditional role in mediating glucose uptake in muscle. The importance of insulin in the regulation of corporal aging has been established by the dramatic increases in longevity experienced by animals in which the adipose insulin receptor has been genetically eliminated, or in which the insulin-related daf genes have been mutated. New research suggests that, analogous to its influence on corporal aging, insulin also makes important contributions to brain aging and the expression of late-life neurodegenerative disease. Insulin plays a key role in cognition and other aspects of normal brain function. Insulin resistance induces chronic peripheral insulin elevations and is associated with reduced insulin activity both in periphery and brain. The insulin resistance syndrome underlies conditions such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, which are associated with age-related cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. This book discusses the mechanisms through which insulin dysregulation contributes to the development of cognitive impairment and late-life neurodegenerative disease. Given the recent pandemic of conditions associated with insulin resistance, it is imperative that we achieve a comprehensive knowledge of the mechanisms through which insulin resistance affects brain function in order to develop therapeutic strategies to address these effects.

Early detection of sub-clinical autonomic dysfunction is of vital importance in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) for the prevention of subsequent serious adverse consequences. Reduction in heart rate variability (HRV) is now regarded as the earliest indicator of cardiovascular dysregulation in DM. HRV has traditionally been quantified using linear measures, which describe the magnitude of RR interval oscillations, but are insufficient to characterise complex heart rate dynamics. While HRV is mostly mediated by parasympathetic nervous system, beat-to-beat blood pressure recordings may provide information regarding sympathetic activity. A variety of novel measures has been developed to quantify non-linear features of cardiovascular signals, providing information on the complexity of the dynamical system involved in the genesis of these short-term fluctuations. In this book, it is demonstrated that novel non-linear methods are often more sensitive to autonomic dysregulation than linear methods and therefore may improve the diagnostic power of cardiovascular variability analysis for cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in DM. Our data indicate that cardiovascular dysregulation progresses in relatively short time frames, depending on the history of DM. Further, its progression appears to be associated with glycemic control. Different methods of cardiovascular variability analysis can provide mutually independent information and therefore should be used simultaneously for a comprehensive analysis of autonomic dysfunction to identify patients at risk for autonomic neuropathy.

Diagnosing and managing type 2 diabetes presents an enormous challenge to the primary care provider confronted with multiple emerging scientific insights, therapeutic strategies and risk reduction principles. In Type 2 Diabetes, Pre-Diabetes, and the Metabolic Syndrome: The Primary Care Guide to Diagnosis and Management, Second Edition, Ronald A. Codario, M.D., FACP -- a well-known and highly respected authority on diabetes -- details the state-of-the-art in diagnosing, managing and attenuating risks in patients with this disease. Utilizing his extensive experience in private practice, medical education and clinical research for over 35 years, Dr. Codario explains in simple clinical terms, the current understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetes, the latest clinical trials, developing controversies, updates on new medications and an expanded section on Special Populations. With his unique, multiple board certifications in clinical hypertension, vascular medicine, internal medicine, vascular ultrasound and clinical lipidology, Dr. Codario provides practical guidelines for treatment with insulin and oral agents, lipid and hypertension control and comprehensive risk reduction strategies. Extensively reviewed are the metabolic syndrome, the role of exercise and nutrition, and key issues associated with herb and nutriceutical use. Illustrative case studies in diabetes management, an outstanding bibliography of suggested readings, and extensive chapter subheadings for quick reference make this book a practical, easy-to-read guide for dealing with this killer disease. Type 2 Diabetes, Pre-Diabetes, and the Metabolic Syndrome: The Primary Care Guide to Diagnosis and Management, Second Edition is the direct result of many years of listening, teaching, lecturing and empathizing with fellow primary care providers and their patients in the ongoing fight against diabetes. Like the internationally acclaimed first edition, this is a must read and invaluable guide for all primary care providers, students, caregivers and patients battling the ravages of this ever increasing epidemic.

Diabetes, particularly type 2, has become increasingly more common around the world. Consequently, the effect of diabetes on the brain has achieved enormous public health importance. A surge in pre-clinical and clinical research on topics ranging from management of hyperglycemia in acute stroke to disturbances in insulin signaling in Alzheimer s disease has led to substantial progress in the field. Written by a panel of international experts, Diabetes and the Brain provides in depth reviews on the cerebral complications of diabetes, and offers introductory chapters on current insights on the pathophysiology and clinical management of diabetes, as well as neuropsychological assessment and dementia. This relevant and easily accessible book explains the cerebral complications of diabetes, with an update on diabetes for neurologists, psychiatrists, and mental health providers and researchers in general, and on stroke and dementia for those involved in research and clinical practice in diabetes."

This book is based on the author's personal experience with Type II Diabetes and its effects on her body.
After strictly adhering to the recommended regimen of daily blood draws, medication and extreme dietary adjustments over the course of many years, Leonida Lidman still found herself in great physical and emotional pain.
It was only with the discovery of baby's milk and the solution to the sudden fluctuations of blood glucose that she was able to regain much of the physical energy she enjoyed before diabetes afflicted and tortured her body.
Intermingling personal observations of her ailments with medical information copied verbatim from books and leaflets given to her at medical appointments, the author gives a thorough overview of the definitions, side effects and treatment options involved in dealing with diabetes. The author hopes readers will come away with a firm understanding of the disasters that diabetes can wreck on the human body, why these side effects occur, and with solutions to potentially live pain-free lives.

About the Author:
Mrs. Leonida Lidman received an M.A. in Education from the University of The Philippines and an M.S. in Human Resources Management from the New School for Social Research, New School University, Fifth Avenue, New York City, in 1987.
She also graduated in 2009 with an advanced writing course from The Long Ridge Writers' Group School, Long Ridge, West Redding, Connecticut.
Her work experiences include being a college instructor in the Philippines; Training Supervisor for Comprehensive Community Health Programs at the University of The Philippines, Bay, Los Banos, Laguna. She also served as Commissioner of the Newark Senior Citizens Commission and Program Coordinator for the Office on Aging, Newark Housing Authority, in Newark New Jersey from 1987 to 1989. She was a City Council President's awardee for distinguished community service on behalf of the city's elderly. She has also written various articles and is a published author.
She is also a recipient of U.S. Patent #4,680,179, a fruit-flavored coconut water-based liqueur with no added sugar and no preservatives.
She has also done volunteer work with the Executive Planning Committee of The United Way, Essex County, New Jersey and coordinated the recruitment of retired senior volunteers (RSVP Program) for the New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, Essex County, New Jersey and others.