This volume presents a process for developing expert systems. As the field of instructional technology matures it is becoming clear that technological process, not technological devices, is the single most important factor in designing effective instruction. Computers as devices are helpful, but their primary advantage may be the discipline placed on thinking and design processes by using them. The process used when examining a problem determines the quality of information entered into a program and the ultimate effectiveness of the solution. The process in this volume is intended for small-scale expert system solutions that contribute to the solution of instructional problems. Hardware independent, the volume focuses on narrowly defined examples intended for small personal computer systems. Particular attention is paid to problems associated with education and training.

"Building Expert Systems in Training and Education" has one primary function: to help instructional designers derive the components of a problem and enter it into an expert system shell. It is totally process-oriented and focuses on the front-end knowledge engineering process. It provides a repertoire of practical tools and processes that can be used to select, define, and structure problems. Three types of examples are used to illustrate three ways to use expert systems: for instructional support, for instructional decision making, and for an instructional job aid. Each chapter is followed by a list of learning activities to facilitate practice and consolidation. When appropriate, answers or examples to the learning activities is given. This is a practical guide for instructional technology educators and students, and business and industrial training professionals.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th European Lean Educator Conference ELEC 2021, hosted in Trondheim, Norway, in October 2021 and sponsored by IFIP WG 5.7. The conference was held virtually. The 42 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 82 submissions. They are organized in the following thematic sections: Learning Lean; Teaching Lean in the Digital Era; Lean and Digital; Lean 4.0; Lean Management; Lean Coaching and Mentoring; Skills and Knowledge Management; Productivity and Performance Improvement; New Perspectives of Lean.

This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the IFIP TC 3 Open Conference on Computers in Education, OCCE 2020, held in Mumbai, India, in January 2020. The 11 full papers and 4 short papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 57 submissions. The papers discuss key emerging topics and evolving practices in the area of educational computing research. They are organized in the following topical sections: computing education; learners' and teachers' perspectives; teacher professional development; the industry perspective; and further aspects.

As a movement, transhumanism aims to upgrade the human body through science, constantly pushing back the limits of a person by using cutting-edge technologies to fix the human body and upgrade it beyond its natural abilities. Transhumanism can not only change human habits, but it can also change learning practices. By improving human learning, it improves the human organism beyond natural and biological limits. The Handbook of Research on Learning in the Age of Transhumanism is an essential research publication that discusses global values, norms, and ethics that relate to the diverse needs of learners in the digital world and addresses future priorities and needs for transhumanism. The book will identify and scrutinize the needs of learners in the age of transhumanism and examine best practices for transhumanist leaders in learning. Featuring topics such as cybernetics, pedagogy, and sociology, this book is ideal for educators, trainers, instructional designers, curriculum developers, professionals, researchers, academicians, policymakers, and librarians.

Technology and Workplace Skills for the Twenty-First Century examines many of the rapid changes taking place at the intersection of workplace demands and higher education throughout the Asia Pacific region. The globalized, interdependent twenty-first century workforce is built around computing, communication, and automation. These characteristics have changed the ways in which higher education is connected to the workforce and raised the stakes for educating students for the changing workforce. In this book, scholars and education leaders throughout Asia Pacific and the US investigate how the changing needs of the workforce have shaped higher education's curriculum, methods, and orientation, and show how different Asia Pacific countries have responded differently to these challenges.

Although web-based technologies have greatly influenced our society, only recently has its impact affected educational practices. Curriculum, Learning, and Teaching Advancements in Online Education highlights the models and frameworks that have been effective in the development of online education into the classroom. By bringing together knowledge and experience, this book allows educational technologies to be evaluated in a more dynamic context. It is suitable for teachers, researchers, and academic experts interested in rethinking the fundamental processes of teaching and learning.

The Internet has had a monumental impact upon higher education with the development of e-learning and virtual campus initiatives. This has provided significant opportunities in terms of enhanced access to courses, knowledge, learning experiences, and information for a wide range of different learners from across the world. Institutional Transformation through Best Practices in Virtual Campus Development: Advancing E-Learning Policies provides cost effective and sustainable learning procedures vital to ensuring long term success for both teacher and student. This book provides the latest research and findings in relation to best practice examples and case studies across the globe.

Now established as an effective tool in the instructional process, multimedia has penetrated educational systems at almost every level of study. In their quest to maximize educational outcomes and identify best practices, multimedia researchers are now expanding their examinations to extend towards the cognitive functionality of multimedia.""Cognitive Effects of Multimedia Learning"" identifies the role and function of multimedia in learning through a collection of research studies focusing on cognitive functionality. An advanced collection of critical theories and practices, this much needed contribution to the research is an essential holding for academic libraries, and will benefit researchers, practitioners and students in basic and applied fields ranging from education to cognitive sciences.

ICT tools and the digital age continue to redefine teaching strategies for both the corporate sector and educational institutions. These teaching environments have enabled openness and interaction in order to teach communities to flourish. ePedagogy in Online Learning: New Developments in Web Mediated Human Computer Interaction provides approaches on adopting interactive web tools that promote effective human-computer interaction in educational practices. This book is a vital tool for educational technology practitioners and researchers interested in incorporating e-learning practices in the education sector.

Adaptation, Resistance, and Access to Instructional Technologies: Assessing Future Trends in Education captures the current trends in technology integration from PreK-12 to higher education. This relevant research publication focuses on the various constituent groups, namely students, teachers, and communities, in education and the effects of educational technology on learning and empowerment. It is a must-read book for all K-12 school district administrators, principals, technology coordinators, and K-12 teachers, as well as undergraduate and graduate school of education, teacher preparation programs, and clinical field supervisors of teachers.

This book is a useful guide for the teaching fraternity, administrators and education technology professionals to make good use of AI across outcome-based technical education (OBTE) ecosystem and infuse innovations and affordable digital technologies to traditional pedagogic processes to make teaching-learning more independent of human factor (teacher/student quality), time and place and at the same time more impactful and enjoyable for the learners. Providing access to the digital media and learning tools (even to the extent of mobile apps) to the students would allow them to keep pace with innovations in learning technologies, learn according to their own pace and improve their understanding level and have instantaneous feedback and evaluation. The book explores these new challenges and scope of using computational intelligence in educational technology. The book also addresses how based on the data collected from the outcome of conventional educational system, intelligent diagnostic and feedback system is developed which will change the teaching strategies and corresponding teaching-learning process. The book covers a wider framework of digital pedagogy and its intelligent applications on various sectors of education system.

This book aims to provide important information about adaptivity in computer-based and/or web-based educational systems. In order to make the student modeling process clear, a literature review concerning student modeling techniques and approaches during the past decade is presented in a special chapter. A novel student modeling approach including fuzzy logic techniques is presented. Fuzzy logic is used to automatically model the learning or forgetting process of a student. The presented novel student model is responsible for tracking cognitive state transitions of learners with respect to their progress or non-progress. It maximizes the effectiveness of learning and contributes, significantly, to the adaptation of the learning process to the learning pace of each individual learner. Therefore the book provides important information to researchers, educators and software developers of computer-based educational software ranging from e-learning and mobile learning systems to educational games including stand alone educational applications and intelligent tutoring systems.

This book provides a conceptual and empirical perspective on learning analytics, its goal being to disseminate the core concepts, research, and outcomes of this emergent field. Divided into nine chapters, it offers reviews oriented on selected topics, recent advances, and innovative applications. It presents the broad learning analytics landscape and in-depth studies on higher education, adaptive assessment, teaching and learning. In addition, it discusses valuable approaches to coping with personalization and huge data, as well as conceptual topics and specialized applications that have shaped the current state of the art. By identifying fundamentals, highlighting applications, and pointing out current trends, the book offers an essential overview of learning analytics to enhance learning achievement in diverse educational settings. As such, it represents a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and students interested in updating their knowledge and finding inspirations for their future work.

Cyber environments have become a fundamental part of educational institutions, causing a need for understanding the impact and general principles of ethical computer use in academia. With the rapid increase in the use of digital technologies in classrooms and workplaces worldwide, it is important that part of the training that takes place for students is how to be good cyber citizens, who are ethical in the decisions that they make and in their interactions with others across digital platforms. Emerging Trends in Cyber Ethics and Education is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the application of ethics and education within online environments. While highlighting topics such as computer simulation, corporate e-learning, and plagiarism detection, this publication explores effective ways of utilizing digital landscapes for online education, as well as the methods of improving cyber security frameworks. This book is ideally designed for educators, IT developers, education professionals, education administrators, researchers, and upper-level graduate students seeking current research on secure and educational interactions in digital landscapes.

Despite the increasing ubiquity of the term, the concept of the digital university remains diffuse and indeterminate. This book examines what the term 'digital university' should encapsulate and the resulting challenges, possibilities and implications that digital technology and practice brings to higher education. Critiquing the current state of definition of the digital university construct, the authors propose a more holistic, integrated account that acknowledges the inherent diffuseness of the concept. The authors also question the extent to which digital technologies and practices can allow us to re-think the location of universities and curricula; and how they can extend higher education as a public good within the current wider political context. Framed inside a critical pedagogy perspective, this volume debates the role of the university in fostering the learning environments, skills and capabilities needed for critical engagement, active open participation and reflection in the digital age. This pioneering volume will be of interest and value to students and scholars of digital education, as well as policy makers and practitioners.

This cutting edge book considers how advances in technologies and new media have transformed our perception of education, and focuses on the impact of the privatisation of digital tools as a mean of knowledge production. Arguing that education needs to adapt to the modern learner, the book's unique approach is based on a disassociation with the deeply ingrained attitude with which people have traditionally viewed education - learning the existing symbolic systems of certain disciplines and then expressing themselves strictly within the operational modes of these systems. The ways of knowledge production - exploring, recording, representing, making meaning of and sharing human experiences - have been fundamentally transformed through the infusion of digital technologies into all aspects of human activity, allowing learners to engage with their immediate natural, social and cultural environments by capitalising on their individual abilities and interests. This book proposes a new approach to teaching and learning termed 'cinematic bricolage', which involves generating knowledge from heterogeneous resources in a 'do-it-yourself' manner while making meaning through multimodal representations. It shows how cinematic bricolage reconnects ways of knowing with ways of being, empowering the individual with a sense of personal identity and responsibility, helping to shape more aware social citizens.

In this book about communities of practice in the international, higher education sector, the authors articulate the theoretical foundations of communities of practice (CoPs), research into their application in higher education, leadership roles and how CoPs sustain and support professional learning. Research demonstrates that communities of practice build professional and personal links both within and across faculty, student services and administrative and support units. This book describes how community of practice members may be physically co-located and how social media can be used to connect members across geographically diverse locations. It positions higher education communities of practice within the broader community of practice and social learning literature, and articulates the importance of community of practice leadership roles, and the growing focus on the use of social media for community of practice implementation. The multiple perspectives provide higher education leaders, academic and professional staff with the means to establish, or reflect on existing CoPs, by sharing insights and critical reflections on their implementation strategies, practical guidelines and ideas on how community of practice's theoretical underpinnings can be tailored to the higher education context.

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Effective use of technology in areas that include admissions, record keeping, billing, compliance, athletic administration, and more hold untold potential to transform higher education by introducing significant efficiencies and dramatic cost reductions in serving students. How the institution organizes itself will to a large extent depend on how the IT systems are established and maintained. The design, development, management, utilization, and evaluation of these IT systems will be necessary for the university to operate successfully. IT Issues in Higher Education: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the integration and management of information technology in higher education with a focus on issues of security, data management, student access to information, and staff competency. This publication explores present-day educational environments as well as educators' methods of applying technology to student success and highlights topics that include personal devices and institutional culture. It is ideally designed for academic professionals, lecturers, students, professors, IT experts, instructional designers, curriculum developers, administrators, higher education faculty, researchers, and policymakers.

This book traces how a new school, physically designed as a modern learning environment, has come into being in New Zealand. A key feature is how it designs its curriculum for future citizens. The book explores how flexible curriculum and assessment options support the provision of a well-balanced, coherent and future-oriented learning programme. It also illustrates how the school is implementing its vision and copes with being different from other schools which understand and embody the New Zealand Curriculum as well as the NCEA qualifications system in more traditional terms. School leaders', teachers' and foundation students' thinking and perspectives about what it's like to become a new school are highlighted and shed light on what is possible within an evolving education system.

In K-12 classrooms, as well as on the college and university level, the incorporation of digital games has played a vital role in the educational system. While introducing teachers to new fields, these digital games have been designed and implemented for the classroom and have shown positive results at a variety of educational levels. Cases on Digital Game-Based Learning: Methods, Models, and Strategies analyses the implementation of digital game applications for learning as well as addressing the challenges and pitfalls experienced. Providing strategies, advice and examples on adopting games into teaching, this collection of case studies is essential for teachers and instructors at various school levels in addition to researchers in game-based learning and pedagogic innovation.

Technology Supported Learning and Teaching: A Staff Perspective presents accounts and case studies of first-hand experience in developing, implementing, or evaluating learning technologies. ""Technology Supported Learning and Teaching: A Staff Perspective"" highlights the many areas in which practitioners are attempting to implement learning technologies and reflects themes of current topical interest. It presents descriptions of the tools practitioners are using, explains the way practitioners have used these tools, and discusses the role of the student and educator in the learning process.

Our goal with this book, Research on Enhancing the Interactivity of Online Learning, is to present a juried, scholarly, and accessible review of research, theory, and/or policy on specific issues of interactive online learning for K-16 educators, administrators, and students of online learning. Online learning has become the norm rather than the exception for many of today's students. Instructors are more willing to explore online learning options, students are enrolling in record numbers and colleges, as well as many K-12 institutions, are offering more online courses. As educators, we have more tools than ever to ensure online course success, but just as with a traditional class, we must continue to place emphasis on good pedagogy. To achieve good pedagogy, online teaching takes additional time and a restructuring of course content by the instructor. Student issues include coping strategies, ease of navigation, skills required to complete the course, availability of online resources, feedback from the instructor, and collaborative, interactive learning opportunities. Principles of interactive online learning are new to many, and this book provides a forum for interactive online learning research while also including ideas that enhance both the practical and theoretical aspects of interactive online learning. The editors have included chapters that can further knowledge and understanding of emerging trends and foster debate regarding issues that surround interactive online learning. The underlying theme of each chapter is the importance of pedagogy that is research-based and effective. It is our hope that the experiences, advice, and recommendations of the authors featured in this book will further your growth in effective interactive online learning and design as you continue to explore what enhances student learning.