This volume, originally published in 1995, investigates the variation in rates of new venture inititations across manufacturing industries. Based on Austrain and other perspectives on market disequilibrium, the book proposes a model of new venture formation in dynamic markets. It focuses on the environmental factors which immpact rates of entrepreneurship in industries and argues that more dynamic industries will contain more profit opportunities and therefore exhibit a greater degree of entrepreneurship and new venture creation.

Focuses on the coffee and tea industries, using accounts of single producer communities to highlight the transformation from plantation-style colonial agriculture towards systems that now claim to produce social and environmental benefits from the farm to the cup Includes tandem case studies of coffee in the Guatemalan highlands and tea in the hill country of Sri Lanka, incorporating the perspectives of coffee exporters, importers, roasters, and cafe owners.

For centuries, almost all economic activity was family-based. The family business rested on the division of labor among family members. Therefore the family was both socially and economically the foundation of the family business. Families were not only production units, but also education and consumption units that conveyed norm structures, values and professional identity to next generation. Although female family members have always been active participants in family businesses over the centuries, their role has often been neglected in previous studies. Women in Business Families: From Past to Present presents both conceptual and theoretically informed empirical papers addressing three related themes relevant for family business and gender in past and in present: heroic women entrepreneurs; invisibility / visibility of women in businesses; and business succession. The book Women in Business Families: From Past to Present balances between both historical and contemporary analyses. The chapters integrate the notions of time and gender in focusing on family businesses or business families in past and in present. This volume will be of vital reading to researchers and academics in the fields of Gender Studies, Family Business, Organizational studies, Entrepreneurship and the various related disciplines.

This book analyses the relationship between creative and cultural industries, local economic development and entrepreneurship from a global perspective. In so doing, it investigates the evolving paradigm of creative industries and creative entrepreneurship and their related economy over time. Creative Industries and Entrepreneurship explores cultural and creative economics, management, entrepreneurship, international business and urban and regional sciences, in both developed and new emerging countries. The authors provide a framework to understand the evolving paradigm of creative industries and creative entrepreneurship while highlighting the distinction between ?'first generation countries?' such as the US, Canada, Australia and Europe, and ?'second generation countries?' in Asia, South America and North Africa. By adopting a multidisciplinary approach, the book develops a comprehensive overview of the composite phenomenon of the creative economy and its relationship with entrepreneurship. This inter-disciplinary work will appeal to researchers and scholars interested in creative industries, the creative economy and entrepreneurship in addition to policy makers and managers within these areas. These readers will find an up-to-date presentation of existing and new perspectives of research in these domains. Contributors include: F.G. Alberti, M. Amal, R. Apa, N. Bellini, R. Boix Domenech, F. Capone, P. Casadei, Y. Chen, P. Cohendet, P. Costa, I. Fillis, D.E. Floriani, D. Gilbert, J.D. Giusti, N. Innocenti, M. Keane, L. Lazzeretti, K. Lehman, D. Mansour, L. Mazzoni, M. Munoz-Vela, R. Rentschler, S. Rita Sedita, S. Rovai, J. Ruiz-Gutierrez, D. Sanchez Serra, L. Simon, A. Srakar, M. Valdivia, M. Vecco, R. Venancio Lopes, W. Wen

Recent decades have seen a significant transformation of the not-for-profit (NFP) sector. This includes rise in the number of organisations and people employed, shift from charities and philanthropic agencies to hybrid social enterprise business models, competing stakeholder interests and increasing expectations regarding accountability and transparency. The role of NFPs has also become more complex - they not only serve the disadvantaged and fulfil social needs but also actively advocate for and implement public policies and promote social and economic inclusion. The growth and complexity has brought with it a need for innovative and entrepreneurial approaches to leadership that stems from an in-depth understanding of the changing nonprofit landscape. Addressing this need, for Not for Profits and Social Enterprises will help readers navigate extant challenges by drawing on conceptual literature, both theoretical and empirical and emphasising practical real world experience through case studies and vignettes The key aim of this book is to help existing and future NFP leaders at all organisational levels to support their organisations and employees and in turn clients and communities, through theoretical insights and practical approaches by focusing on transformational leadership aspects for contemporary Not for Profits. for Not for Profits and Social Enterprises is key reading for researchers, academics and policy makers in the areas of Non-profit Management, Leadership, Public Sector Management and Charity Management as well as related disciplines such as Philanthropy and Social Entrepreneurship.

This unique Handbook explores the role of government in the development of entrepreneurship in countries where twenty years ago private enterprise was illegal or barely tolerated. The expert contributors reveal that government policy is one of the key influences on the external environment in which businesses develop, particularly in countries where it has been necessary to redefine the role of the state in relation to business development. They outline how government policy can also act as an enabling and/or a constraining force with respect to entrepreneurship development, particularly in relation to institutional change and the development of a market-based economy. This Handbook includes up-to-date information and analysis as to how entrepreneurship policies have evolved in the wider Europe, focusing on the challenges that arise in designing and implementing entrepreneurship policy. The Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship Policies in Central and Eastern Europe excellently covers different facets of entrepreneurship policies in Central and Eastern Europe and will prove invaluable for academics, students and researchers of entrepreneurship and small business as well as policy studies. Policy makers will also find plenty of key insights and relevant information in this important resource. Contributors include: B. Bradac, A. Chepurenko, J. Cieslik, A. Hofer, N. Isakova, K. Kolarov, B. Piasecki, M. Rebernik, A. Rogut, Z. Roman, A. Sauka, D. Smallbone, K. Todorov, U. Venesaar, F. Welter, M. Xheneti

This book gives students a new perspective on entrepreneurial venturing in an international context. By analyzing the dynamics in international companies, they will be armed with the skills they need to build successful strategies for entering new international markets. Williams presents a framework built around four contexts for international venturing: headquarters-driven through internal capabilities; subsidiary-driven through peripheral capabilities; headquarters-driven through external capabilities; and subsidiary-driven though external capabilities. Through this, students gain insight into the conditions that enable venturing in different types of MNEs, the mechanisms by which MNEs pursue international opportunities, and the leadership and managerial challenges of developing entrepreneurial capabilities across borders. Following a definition and analysis of each context, the book synthesizes the outcomes in an integrative way, providing implications for strategic leaders in international firms as well as for researchers and students. These contexts are used to frame the literature and engage with eight topical cases, which are also published in full in the Appendix of the book. With case studies from around the world that focus both on smaller and larger enterprises, Venturing in International Firms will give students of international entrepreneurship, corporate entrepreneurship and international business an edge when venturing internationally in the real world.

Family networks and wider personal social relationships - guanxi - have long been held to be a significant factor making for the success of many Chinese family businesses, and guanxi is often seen as a special characteristic which shapes the nature of all business in China. This book re-examines this proposition critically, bringing together the very latest research and comparing the situation in different parts of "Greater China" - mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong. It considers entrepreneurship, venture capital, intergenerational succession, disputes, family businesses in different sectors of the economy, and particular family businesses. Among the book's many interesting conclusions is the observation that guanxi capitalism has evolved in different ways in the different parts of Greater China, with the particular institutional setting having a major impact.

One of the obstacles for understanding the phenomenon of entrepreneurship is the lack of integration of different assumptions, units and levels of analysis that are implicit in its many conceptualisations. This important book offers a pathway to integration by considering eight associated disciplines and theories, presenting an authoritative selection of the most significant published work on entrepreneurship from each perspective.

In a shrinking and increasingly globalised world, it is vital for any entrepreneur to carefully select the location at which production or other economic activities will occur. This book provides a theoretical and empirical analysis of entrepreneurial behaviour in a spatial context, and links it to important new fields in economics such as endogenous growth theory, the new economic geography and evolutionary theory. Although most of the literature to date has failed to study the geographic element of entrepreneurship, this book redresses the balance by examining the spatial variation in entrepreneurial activity and the implications of this for regional policy. The authors provide an in-depth analysis of the role of the entrepreneur in fostering economic development, document the most important recent theoretical and empirical developments, and explain the reasons why some regions grow whereas others stagnate. They also present a number of empirical analyses including case studies from the manufacturing and ICT sectors, as well as an examination of the role of university-based knowledge transfer and entrepreneurial behaviour. Throughout the book, the role of knowledge, knowledge transmission and knowledge spillovers are considered as they relate to entrepreneurial activity and location decisions. This book presents many important new findings on the relationship between entrepreneurship, agglomeration and economic growth. It will make a substantial addition to the literature and will be essential reading for regional economists, geographers, business and management analysts, and development practitioners and policymakers.

The comprehensive and thoroughly accessible International Handbook of Research on Indigenous Entrepreneurship aims to develop a multidisciplinary theory explaining entrepreneurship as a function of cultural perceptions of opportunity.The Handbook presents a multitude of fascinating, superbly illustrated studies on the facets of entrepreneurship amongst indigenous peoples. Chapters elaborating on the history, culture, values and objectives underpinning indigenous entrepreneurship introduce the subject, providing essential background information. A series of sections then convey the variances and idiosyncrasies of indigenous entrepreneurship in Africa, Asia, Europe, the Americas and the South Pacific. The Handbook concludes by drawing on its original, rich and varied empirical studies to explain why people from different cultures possess different indigenous values, and therefore different entrepreneurship experiences and practices, even when exposed to similar stimuli. Proposing that what is an opportunity for some people is less so for others with different ideals, and that opportunity recognition is largely culturally determined, this unique, colourful account of indigenous enterprise will provide an intriguing read for those with an interest in entrepreneurship and development studies.

A breakthrough in management thinking, "weird ideas" can

help every organization achieve a balance between sustaining performance and fostering new ideas. To succeed, you need to be both conventional "and" weird.

Hire misfits

Pursue the impractical

Find happy people and encourage them to fight

Reward failure but punish inaction

Forget your own successes

These and other counterintuitive strategies will unlock ideas you never knew you had.

Dispelling common entrepreneurship myths, this textbook introduces the cutting-edge knowledge of entrepreneurship: the theories and empirical evidence rigorously developed by leading researchers. Helping upcoming entrepreneurs to think from a different perspective and avoid preventable mistakes, Entrepreneurial Thinking offers a summary of the most valuable and surprising contemporary research, translating it into clearly beneficial lessons, while emphasizing the entrepreneurial mindset crucial to venture success. Key features: Short and accessible synopses of 44 of the most influential research papers to advance students' knowledge on best practice in entrepreneurial thinking, especially in how to see opportunities that others overlook Examples of how to use available resources in unconventional ways, as well as explanations of cognitive biases that trap most fledgling entrepreneurs A consistent structure allowing students to understand the questions asked, the answers available and implications of each research paper effectively, and place research into practical situations An excellent guide for students of entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Thinking is a brilliant overview of current research with practical benefits for the entrepreneurs of the future.

Space was at the center of America's imagination in the 1960s. President John F. Kennedy's visionary statement captured the mood of the day: "We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard." The Apollo mission's success in July 1969 made almost anything seem possible, but the Cold War made space flight the province of governmental agencies in the United States. When the Apollo program ended in 1972, space lost its hold on the public interest, as the great achievements wound down. Entrepreneurs are beginning to pick up the slack looking for safer, more reliable, and more cost effective ways of exploring space. Entrepreneurial activity may make create a renaissance in human spaceflight. The private sector can energize the quest for space exploration and shape the race for the final frontier. Space entrepreneurs and private sector firms are making significant innovations in space travel. They have plans for future tourism in space and safer shuttles. Solomon details current US and international laws dealing with space use, settlement, and exploration, and offers policy recommendations to facilitate privatization. As private enterprise takes hold, it threatens to change the space landscape forever. Individuals are designing spacecraft, start-up companies are testing prototypes, and reservations are being taken for suborbital space flights. With for-profit enterprises carving out a new realm, it is entirely possible that space will one day be a sea of hotels and/or a repository of resources for big business. It is important that regulations are in place for this eventuality. These new developments have great importance, huge implications, and urgency for everyone.

At last, a book that focuses on trendsetting thinking and research in the field of entrepreneurship and sets an agenda for current and future movements in the field. The aim of the book is to advance entrepreneurship research, focussing on the following four key movements: * broad movements within the academic field of entrepreneurship and how to move it further in terms of new frameworks, theories and methodologies * movements in the concept of entrepreneurship through project-based, action-based, enactment based and discourse-based approaches * knowledge-based entrepreneurship and the processes in which the role of universities, new organisations, regions and cities are connected and exemplified * global, ethnic, transformed and new economies and how entrepreneurship contributes to renewing economies and moving beyond just economics to view the effects of entrepreneurship on societies. Students and scholars of entrepreneurship and business administration will find this a clear yet far-reaching account of the movement of entrepreneurship research.

The recent era of economic turbulence has generated a growing enthusiasm for an increase in new and original economic insights based around the concepts of reciprocity and social enterprise. This stimulating and thought-provoking Handbook not only encourages and supports this growth, but also emphasises and expands upon new topics and issues within the economics discourse. Original contributions from key international experts acknowledge and illustrate that markets and firms can be civilizing forces when and if they are understood as expressions of cooperation and civil virtues. They provide an illuminating discourse on a wide range of topics including reciprocity, gifts and the civil economy, which are especially relevant in times of crisis for financial capitalism. The Handbook questions the current phase of the market economy that arises from a state of anthropological pessimism. Such anthropological cynicism is one of the foundations of the contemporary economic system that is challenged by the contributors. This highly original and interdisciplinary Handbook will provide a fascinating read for academics, researchers and students across a wide range of fields including economics, public sector economics, public policy and social policy. Contributors include: R. Abramovay, H. Alford, A. Andreoni, A. Argandona, A. Barrera, L. Becchetti, N. Bellanca, E. Bortoluzzi Dubach, C. Borzaga, L. Bouckaert, S. Bowles, A. Brandolini, A. Caille, J. Davis, J. Defourny, L. Faulk, B. Frey, H. Gintis, L. Gold, B. Gui, A. Habisch, S. Hargreaves-Heap, D. Jones, P. Kalmi, E. Khalil, S. Kolm, C. Loza Adaui, J. Mercier Ythier, S. Neckermann, V. Negri, A. Offer, A. Pabst, G.R. Pearce, V. Pelligra, P.L. Porta, P.L. Sacco, L. Sacconi, A. Smerilli, A.J. Uelmen, P. Vanin, B.M. Wilson, L. Zarri, D.J. Zizzo

This is a handbook for the cultural entrepreneur, offering some of the best examples on practice, franchises, research, innovation and business opportunities in the cultural sector. The key theme is the contribution and possibilities of the cultural economy as a business, with a strong supporting subtext on innovative practice. The book illustrates the theme by providing multiple practice-based and empirical examples from an international panel of experts. Each contribution provides an accessible and easily accessed bank of knowledge on which existing practice can be grown and new projects undertaken. It provides an eclectic mix of possibilities that reinforce and underscore the full innovative and complex potential of the cultural economy. Topics include a review of the global and regional economic benefits of the cultural economy, evidence-based analysis of the culture industries, and an outline of the top ten cultural opportunities for business. This collection transcends the space between theory and practice to combine culture and innovation and understand their importance to a wider economy. This is essential reading for researchers and practitioners interested in entrepreneurship, non-profit management, art and visual culture, and public finance.

If you long to maximize your unique abilities and aptitudes, if you strive to combine personal fulfillment with professional satisfaction, if you dream of creating exceptional goods and offering transformative services for others, then you are ready to SOAR.

Many of us aren't designed for the nine-to-five grind that stifles our souls and flattens the tires of where we hoped to go with our lives. Others have settled for what they had to become due to massive responsibility. Both sit on the runway of opportunity with the engine of passion stalled, watching others escalate into the orbit of their dreams and build legacy for their children.

In SOAR! TAKING YOUR ENTREPRENEURIAL PASSION TO THE NEXT LEVEL, T.D. Jakes-iconic communicator, entertainment impresario, and master entrepreneur-reveals how to transform the latent dreams within each of us into the reality of our unique contribution to the world. Blending the practical business acumen of a successful, global CEO with the dynamic inspiration of a life coach, SOAR! provides the tools needed to ignite our imaginations into action. Bridging both the corporate and non-profit worlds, SOAR! challenges us to embrace our divine purpose as we align our character and creativity with our careers. SOAR! is the perfect flight plan for launching the entrepreneurial drive inside each of us. So buckle your seatbelts and prepare for lift off-you have been cleared to fly beyond your fears, to absolutely SOAR!

Entrepreneurial Business and Society summarizes contemporary research in the field of entrepreneurship and small business and explores the interplay between the entrepreneur, the entrepreneurial firm and society.The contributors highlight that entrepreneurship may also contribute to social change and that welfare and success could be measured in terms of their effect on society. Topics explored throughout the volume are the promotion of entrepreneurial businesses, entrepreneurial people and entrepreneurial sectors. The book will prove invaluable for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of entrepreneurship and small business. Entrepreneurship and small business researchers as well as policy makers will also find plenty of relevant information in this important resource. Contributors: B.W. Amo, F. Bertoni, M. Bianchi, R. Blackburn, M. Brettel, D. Chiaroni, J. Collis, A. Croce, P. Eckerle, F. Frattini, J. Grande, M. Guerini, J. Heinonen, L. Hurmerinta, U. Hytti, E. Ka perova, J. Kitching, E. Ljunggren, R. Mauer, T. Minola, OE. OErge, E. Paavilainen-Mantymaki, R.K. Pati, E. Vuorinen, F. Welter, S.A. Zahra, L. Zhao

Consumers have, to a large extent, become their own producers; they are more aware of marketing and are active in adding value to the products and experiences they want. By assessing customers as active agents rather than passive consumers, Bjoern Bjerke explores alternative ways of marketing for new businesses and social entrepreneurial ventures. This book first presents the dominant approach to marketing theory used for the last half a century. After that, it presents an alternative approach to marketing theory by emphasizing how new infrastructures and organizations, including online platforms, influence new ways of linking the formal and informal economies together. Building on fundamental theories of science and methodological issues, Bjerke creates useful theoretical conceptions that can develop a greater connection between practice and research. He argues that as entrepreneurial activity is more accessible than ever it needs a fresh approach to include customers as co-creators and co-extractors of market value. An excellent book for exploring alternative marketing, students and researchers in marketing, social entrepreneurship and wider business and management studies will gain a greater understanding of what it means to be a marketer, customer and user.

Identities can potentially serve as powerful elements that both drive, and are shaped by, entrepreneurial actions. Entrepreneurial identity is a complex construct with multidisciplinary roots, and therefore there is scope to more fully enrich our theoretical understanding of identity and identity formation, at both individual and organizational levels, and their relationship to entrepreneurial processes, practices and activities. This book highlights two key features of contemporary research on entrepreneurial identity. First, to see it as a dynamic rather than a (relatively) fixed and unchanging feature, shaped by different life episodes. It is increasingly fluid, multilevel and multidimensional, comprising multiple subidentities rather than a univocal (and unchanging) self. As such, it has a profound effect not only on the way we feel, think and behave, but also on what we aim to achieve. Accordingly, it is vital that its dynamics are better understood, particularly in determining how actors behave in an entrepreneurial context. The book's second focus is on identity work as the process through which entrepreneurial identities are formed and shaped, and the contributors demonstrate how the dynamics of identity formation relate to entrepreneurial outcomes in a range of individual and organizational contexts. This book was originally published as a special issue of Entrepreneurship & Regional Development.

Scaling the Social Enterprise is an ideal text for courses that focus on social entrepreneurship and social innovation, at either the graduate or undergraduate level. Common themes across high growth social startups discussed in the book include: building and modifying a management team for growth creating and maintaining a dynamic stakeholder network choosing corporate form and funders moving from idea to pilot, to roll-out, and pivots along the way the importance of media magic in building a brand developing and refining one's value chain the pivotal role of technology in scaling. Featuring high profile, high growth social startups including Fair Trade USA, Revolution Foods, Sanergy, Kiva, d.light, Back to the Roots, and Grameen America, the chapter on funding social startups also profiles social funders such as Bridges Fund Management and Better Ventures, amongst others.