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Books > Medicine > Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences > General
This volume is intended to complete the Cell Chemistry and
physiology module. It is about how the traditional boundaries of
cell chemistry and physiology are being erased by molecular
biology. We do not think it necessary to elaborate on this theme,
particularly since the body of core knowledge found in this volume
brings us a stage closer to answering the question, "what makes
cell biology into a new discipline?"
Expert researchers who have developed and applied significant new assays describe in step-by-step detail a variety of methods for measuring a broad variety of hormones, related peptides, and synthetic steroids in various biological fluids. The hormones measured range from glucocorticoids in biological fluids, urinary steroids, aldosterone in blood, and plasma renin activity, to gut hormones in plasma, melatonin, prolactin, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, and androgens in blood, saliva, and hair. The emphasis is on noncommercial assays so that investigators can set up novel methods suited to their special needs. Commercial assays are also described for comparative purposes. Tutorials on radioimmunoassay, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography, and PCR techniques help the reader to choose the best method for his or her purpose.
This book provides a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of intestinal polyposis syndromes. The book reviews the most up-to-date clinical, management, and genetic information regarding the continually evolving colorectal condition that manifests as a polyposis condition. It provides a reference for clinicians and researchers in understanding the complexity of intestinal polyposis and the importance of utilizing multiple modalities for the diagnosis, management and control of these conditions. It also provides an overview of what should alert a care provider to the possibility of a polyposis syndrome. Written by experts in their fields, Intestinal Polyposis Syndromes: Diagnosis and Management is a valuable resource for physicians and researchers who deal with the challenges of diagnosing and managing colorectal cancer and intestinal polyposis syndromes.
Written by carefully selected global experts, practicing physicians, and educators in the various sub-disciplines of biochemistry, Medical Biochemistry, 6th Edition, offers a unique combination of research and clinical practice tailored to today's integrated courses. Covering clinically relevant topics in greater detail than other texts, this outstanding resource provides a strong overview of traditional areas in medical biochemistry along with state-of-the-art coverage of today's latest developments. You'll learn basic science concepts alongside clinical cases that describe patients likely to be encountered in clinical training, as well as how to use laboratory tests to diagnose and monitor the most important conditions. Thorough yet accessible, this clinically focused text is useful from medical school to clinical practice. Features a strong clinical orientation, emphasizing the relevance of biochemistry to the daily practice of medicine. Highlights the latest developments in regulatory and molecular biology, signal transduction, age-related chronic disease, epigenetics, and bioinformatics and the "-omics," as well as important global medical issues such as diabetes mellitus, obesity and malnutrition, cancer and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and nutrition and exercise. Emphasizes clinical evaluation, maintenance of good health, and disease prevention, as well as translational medicine and the diagnosis and treatment of disease. Contains organ-focused chapters addressing the biochemistry of the bone, kidney, liver, lungs and muscle; and system-focused chapters on the biochemistry of the immune and endocrine systems, neurochemistry and neurotransmission, and cancer. Includes clear, colorful icons and illustrations that help you easily navigate the text and understand the material. Provides online features such as challenging "Active Learning" questions for independent study, relevant websites that reinforce or supplement chapter content, 150+ multiple-choice and USMLE-style questions, a quick-reference glossary, additional images and case studies, references to current literature, and more. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
Physical oncology has the potential to revolutionize cancer research and treatment. The fundamental rationale behind this approach is that physical processes, such as transport mechanisms for drug molecules within tissue and forces exchanged by cancer cells with tissue, may play an equally important role as biological processes in influencing progression and treatment outcome. This book introduces the emerging field of physical oncology to a general audience, with a focus on recent breakthroughs that help in the design and discovery of more effective cancer treatments. It describes how novel mathematical models of physical transport processes incorporate patient tissue and imaging data routinely produced in the clinic to predict the efficacy of many cancer treatment approaches, including chemotherapy and radiation therapy. By helping to identify which therapies would be most beneficial for an individual patient, and quantifying their effects prior to actual implementation in the clinic, physical oncology allows doctors to design treatment regimens customized to each patient's clinical needs, significantly altering the current clinical approach to cancer treatment and improving the outcomes for patients.
It is argued that a critical approach to health studies with an eye of social sciences, particularly benefited from the fields of economics, law, and politics, contributes to the literature on health studies. This edited book comprises seven parts which contain chapters on the field of health studies from the perspectives of economics, law, and politics in Turkey. In this said framework, chapters are organized under seven thematic parts as "economic and public policy perspective in the health sector", "the impact of Europeanization in health law and policy", "gender in health policies and law", "legal and public policy perspective to vaccination application", "reflections of covid-19 in law and economics", "current thematic discussions in health studies", and "noticeable issues in health law". The book contributes to the literature by illustrating discussions and cases from Turkey.
This volume illustrates the extent to which the traditional
distinction between biochemical and physiological processes is
being obliterated by molecular biology. It can hardly be doubted
that the revolution in cell and molecular biology is leading to
core knowledge that provides an outline of the integrative and
reductionist approach. We view this as the beginning of a new era,
that of the integration of learning.
Membrane Receptors, Channels and Transporters in Pulmonary Circulation is a proceeding of the 2008 Grover Conference (Lost Valley Ranch and Conference Center, Sedalia, Colorado; September 3-7, 2008), which provided a forum for experts in the fields of those receptors, channels and transporters that have been identified as playing key roles in the physiology and pathophysiology of the pulmonary circulation. The book rigorously addresses: i) recent advances in our knowledge of receptors, channels and transporters and their role in regulation of pulmonary vascular function; ii) how modulation of expression and function of receptors, channels and transporters and their interrelationships contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular disease; and iii) the therapeutic opportunities that may be revealed by enhancing our understanding of this area. The overall goal was to explore the mechanisms by which specific receptors, channels and transporters contribute to pulmonary vascular function in both health and disease, and how this knowledge may lead to novel interventions in lung dysplasia, pulmonary edema, lung injury, and pulmonary and systemic hypertension to reduce and prevent death from lung disease. Membrane Receptors, Channels and Transporters in Pulmonary Circulation is divided into six parts. Part 1 (Ion Channels in the Pulmonary Vasculature: Basics and New Findings) is designated for basic knowledge and recent findings in the research field of ion channels in pulmonary circulation. There are five chapters in Part I discussing the function, expression, distribution and regulation of various ion channels present in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells and how these channels are integrated to regulate intracellular Ca2+ and cell functions. Part II (TRP Channels in the Pulmonary Vasculature: Basics and New Findings) is composed of five chapters that are exclusively designed to discuss the role of a recently identified family of cation channels, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, in the regulation of pulmonary vascular tone and arterial structure. Part III (Pathogenic Role of Ion Channels in Pulmonary Vascular Disease) includes four chapters that discuss how abnormal function and expression of various ion channels contribute to changes in cell functions and the development of pulmonary hypertension. Part IV (Receptors and Signaling Cascades in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension) consists of five chapters devoted to the role of bone morphogenetic protein receptors, Notch receptors, serotonin receptors, Rho kinase and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Part V (Receptors and Transporters: Role in Cell Function and Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction) includes four chapters designed to illustrate the potential mechanisms involved in oxygen sensing and hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction and hypertension. Part VI (Targeting Ion Channels and Membrane Receptors in Developing Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Pulmonary Vascular Disease) consists five chapters which discuss the translational research involving on membrane receptors, channels and transporters, including their potential as novel drug targets. We hope that Membrane Receptors, Channels and Transporters in Pulmonary Circulation will allow readers to foster new concepts and new collaborations and cooperations among investigators so as to further understand the role of receptors, channels and transporters in lung pathophysiology. The ultimate goal is to identify new mechanisms of disease, as well as new therapeutic targets for pulmonary vascular diseases. An additional outcome should be enhanced understanding of the role of these entities in systemic vascular pathophysiology, since the conference will include researchers and clinicians with interests in both pulmonary and systemic circulations.
Due to recent advancements in the development of numerical algorithms and computational hardware, computer simulations of biological membranes, often requiring use of substantial computational resources, are now reaching a mature stage. Since molecular processes in membranes occur on a multitude of spatial and time scales, molecular simulations of membranes can also serve as a testing ground for use of multi-scale simulation techniques. This book addresses some of the important issues related to understanding properties and behavior of model biological membranes and it Shows how simulations improve our understanding of biological membranes and makes connections with experimental results. Presents a careful discussion of the force fields used in the membrane simulations including detailed all-atom fields and coarse-grained fields. Presents a continuum description of membranes. Discusses a variety of issues such as influence of membrane surfaces on properties of water, interaction between membranes across water, nanoparticle permeation across the membrane, action of anesthetics and creation of inhomogeneous regions in membranes. Discusses important methodological issues when using simulations to examine phenomena such as pore creation and permeation across membranes. Discusses progress recently achieved in modeling bacterial membranes. It will be a valuable resource for graduate students, researchers and instructors in biochemistry, biophysics, pharmacology, physiology, and computational biology.
This book is a compilation of the recent applications of palladium catalysts in organic synthesis. The book demonstrates that it is a highly dynamic research field. This methodology has emerged as a powerful tool for the efficient and chemoselective synthesis of heterocyclic molecules. In the past few years, several strategies have been pointed out to pursue more efficient, sustainable, and environment friendly chemical processes. Among those strategies, catalysis and the design of new processes that avoid the use of toxic reagents have been the focus of intense research.
This is the first of a 4-volume module that is an introduction to
the study of cell chemistry and physiology. It is not intended to
be encyclopedic in nature but rather a general survey of the
subject with an emphasis on those topics that are central to an
understanding of cell biology and those that are certain to become
of increasing importance in the teaching of modern medicine.
Volumes in the Proven Synthetic Methods Series address the concerns many chemists have regarding irreproducibility of synthetic protocols, lack of identification and characterization data for new compounds, and inflated yields reported in chemical communications-trends that have recently become a serious problem. Featuring contributions from world-renowned experts and overseen by a highly respected series editor, Carbohydrate Chemistry: Proven Synthetic Methods, Volume 4 compiles reliable synthetic methods and protocols for the preparation of intermediates for carbohydrate synthesis or other uses in the glycosciences. Exploring carbohydrate chemistry from both the academic and industrial points of view, this unique resource brings together useful information into one convenient reference. The series is unique among other synthetic literature in the carbohydrate field in that, to ensure reproducibility, an independent checker has verified the experimental parts involved by repeating the protocols or using the methods. The book includes new or more detailed versions of previously published protocols as well as those published in not readily available journals. The essential characteristics of the protocols presented are reliability, updated characterization data for newly synthesized substances and the expectation of wide utility in the carbohydrate field. The protocols presented will be of wide use to a broad range of readers in the carbohydrate field and the life sciences, including undergraduates taking carbohydrate workshops.
Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field encompassing microbiology, bichemistry, genetics, molecular biology, chemistry, immunology, cell and tissue culture physiology. This book describes the recent developments in these areas. Current research topics such as Quorum sensing, Integrons, Phytomining are discussed, which would serve as an excellent reference work for both academicians and researchers in the field.
There is a renewed interest in the fundamentals of energy metabolism, yet most people base their understanding on the views of generalists expressed in elementary textbooks. New techniques that enable analysis of thousands of metabolites provide useful data, but do not themselves substitute for an understanding of the fundamentals of metabolism. While classical ideas of metabolism are also valuable, some earlier ideas have not withstood further investigation. This book presents a personal philosophy but rests on what is broadly accepted by metabolic biochemists over the past few decades.
Providing real-life clinical experiences and context to medical students is an essential part of today's medical education, and the partnerships between medical schools and health systems are an integral part of this approach. Value-Added Roles for Medical Students, the second volume in the American Medical Association's MedEd Innovation Series, is a first-of-its-kind, instructor-focused field book that inspires educators to transform the relationship between medical schools and health systems with authentic workplace roles for medical students, adding relevance to medical education and patient care. Gives instructors the tools needed to create roles for medical students in the health system that benefit the student's growth, empathy, and understanding of patient needs; develop a working knowledge of the health system itself; and provide true value to both the health system and patient experience. Contains both theoretical and practical material for instructors and administrators, including guidance on how to implement value-added roles for medical students in today's institutions. Explains how to apply a framework to implement value-added clinical systems learning roles for students, develop meaningful medical school-health system partnerships, and train a generation of future physicians prepared to lead health systems change. Provides numerous examples from schools with successful implementation of value-added medical student roles such as patient navigators, community-based health care programs involving medical students, and more. Describes real-world strategies for building mutually beneficial medical school-health system partnerships, including developing a shared vision and strategy and identifying learning goals and objectives; empowering broad-based action and overcoming barriers in implementation; and generating short-term wins in implementation. Helps medical school faculty and instructors address gaps in physician training and prepare new doctors to practice effectively in 21st century health care systems. One of the American Medical Association Change MedEd initiatives and innovations, written and edited by members of the Accelerating Change in Medical Education Consortium - a unique, innovative collaborative that allows for the sharing and dissemination of groundbreaking ideas and projects. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
An All-Inclusive Review of the Achievements and Trends in the Fast-Growing Protein Engineering Field From humble beginnings like making fire for mere survival, engineering now steadfastly penetrates all aspects of our lives and even life itself at the molecular level. Protein engineering is a molecular biological discipline focused on designing and constructing novel proteins with desired properties. The currently limited understanding of the relationship between protein structure and function greatly hinders rational protein design. However, despite great challenges, protein engineering has become a major molecular discipline with a large array of successful applications to many complex medicinal problems. Medicinal Protein Engineering sheds light on this largely unchartered field, covering major strategies for engineering of proteins with predetermined biological properties. It discusses computational approaches to protein design and experimental approaches to protein construction. This volume also explores the tight connection between protein and genetic engineering. It moves researchers beyond experimental protein construction and theoretical protein design to the medicinal applications of engineered proteins. Examines Medicinal Applications of Protein Engineering for the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Diseases Focusing on the application of protein engineering to medicine, this seminal work outlines the appropriate techniques for studying protein properties and building mathematical engineering models of novel vaccines, diagnostic reagents, and therapeutic treatments. As a truly comprehensive assessment of the medical protein engineering research available and its future implications for disease control and prevention, this is an indispensable reference for biological researchers in this groundbreaking
This book examines methods particularly well suited for either a- or b-C-glycoside formation. It helps field workers quickly select the best method for synthesizing a particular type of C-glycoside. The use of C-glycosides as synthons in natural product synthesis is also addressed.
Update your knowledge of the chemical, biological, and physical properties of liquid-liquid interfaces with Liquid-Liquid Interfaces: Theory and Methods. This valuable reference presents a broadly based account of current research in liquid-liquid interfaces and is ideal for researchers, teachers, and students. Internationally recognized investigators of electrochemical, biological, and photochemical effects in interfacial phenomena share their own research results and extensively review the results of others working in their area. Because of its unusually wide breadth, this book has something for everyone interested in liquid-liquid interfaces. Topics include interfacial and phase transfer catalysis, electrochemistry and colloidal chemistry, ion and electron transport processes, molecular dynamics, electroanalysis, liquid membranes, emulsions, pharmacology, and artificial photosynthesis. Enlightening discussions explore biotechnological applications, such as drug delivery, separation and purification of nuclear waste, catalysis, mineral extraction processes, and the manufacturing of biosensors and ion-selective electrodes. Liquid-Liquid Interfaces: Theory and Methods is a well-written, informative, one-stop resource that will save you time and energy in your search for the latest information on liquid-liquid interfaces.
The knowledge of metal ion speciation is essential for predicting the exact toxicities of metal ion species in the environment. Metal ions can exist in various oxidation states, each of which possesses different physical and chemical properties as well as exhibit varying toxicities. Often, toxicity data is unreliable because it is based on metal ion concentration measurements that fail to identify a dominant species either more or less harmful than the average. Instrumental Methods in Metal Ion Speciation provides analytical techniques and experimental methodologies for determining the concentration of the different physicochemical forms of metal ions in environmental and biological samples, leading to more accurate measurements of actual toxicity. The authors introduce the principles of metal ion speciation and discuss important analytical techniques such as gas and liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and both electrochemical and radiochemical methods used to determine concentration and composition. They present a range of liquid chromatographic approaches, including capillary electrochromatography and high-performance, ion, ion pair, micellar electrokinetic, size exclusion, chiral, and supercritical fluid chromatographies for all metal ion species. Comprehensive in scope, the text covers the sources, distribution, toxicity, biotransformation, and biodegradation of each metal ions species as well as extraction methods, sample preparation, and experimental optimization techniques that can be useful in designing future experiments. Instrumental Methods in Metal Ion Speciation is a unique and valuable source of reference for scientists, academics, and researchers involved in analytical, biological, pharmaceutical, and environmental chemistries, as well as material industries, geochemistry, agriculture, biotechnology, and occupational safety and regulations.
Largely driven by major improvements in the analytical capability of mass spectrometry, proteomics is being applied to broader areas of experimental biology, ranging from oncology research to plant biology to environmental health. However, while it has already eclipsed solution protein chemistry as a discipline, it is still essentially an extension of classical protein chemistry, owing much of its maturation to prior contributions. Unfortunately, this debt is not always evident in current literature. The Evolution from Protein Chemistry to Proteomics: Basic Science to Clinical Application, in providing a different perspective than other reviews, strengthens the connection between solution protein chemistry and proteomic technology. Towards this end, Roger Lundblad, a long-time leader in protein chemistry and a scientist who has worked in both academics and industry, brings together some seemingly disparate areas into a single volume. Discussing analytical proteomics, expression proteomics, and clinical proteomics (biomarker identification), he provides coverage that is uniquely rich in detail. Lundblad applies this detail to sample preparation for proteomic analysis, including preparation from blood and tissues. He also presents specifics on the prefractionation of samples used to identify specific subproteomes such as phosphoproteomes and glycoproteomes. Comprehensive reviews are provided covering the chemical modification of proteins, including its use for chemical proteomics. Special attention is given to challenges that impede the identification, validation, and development of biomarkers into clinically useful diagnostic analytes. A bestselling author, Lundblad utilizes classical protein chemistry literature in providing an intellectual basis for proteomics that merges current concepts with the existing literature, while providing the technical detail necessary for the effective commercialization of proteomics.
Ideal for practicing physicians and residents who are preparing to take the American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM) initial or continuing exam, Swanson's Family Medicine Review: A Problem-Oriented Approach, 9th Edition, provides more than 2,500 questions in a practical case study format. This bestselling review tool reflects the clinical disciplines as tested by the ABFM, and also serves as an excellent resource for residents' case-based RISE exams. Fully updated and easy to use, it covers recent developments and current information in family medicine, providing the assistance you need to ensure success on the ABFM exam. Uses realistic case problems as a basis for questions on diagnosis and management, with detailed answers that explain both correct and incorrect responses. Prepares you for the ABFM's Certificates of Added Qualifications (CAQs) in adolescent medicine, geriatric medicine, hospice and palliative medicine, pain medicine, sleep medicine, and sports medicine, as well as the upcoming CAQ in hospital medicine. Reflects meticulous updating for accuracy and complete coverage, including more questions in key areas for newer CAQs. Includes tips and tricks for passing the board exam, clinical algorithms throughout, summaries at the end of each case, and case management problems that suggest the ideal diagnostic work-up. Allows you to earn up to 75 CME Credits online through Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices, as well as answer questions interactively and check your answers on any electronic platform.
The increased knowledge in health care and the development of health-care technologies is a great contribution to scientific studies in this field. In this context, this book will contribute to the development of health sciences and the quality of patient care, with a total of 14 scientific original research articles of which eight are on physiotherapy and rehabilitation, five on nursing, and one on health management.
This book consists of a series of 82 precise, easy-to-read articles by internationally renowned scientists and emphasizes the practical approach to HPLC with minimal theory, although the underlying principles for peptide and protein separations are clearly expressed. All of the major modes of microbore, ultrafast and analytical HPLC are discussed, including size-exclusion, ion-exchange, reversed-phase, hydrophobic interaction, and affinity and immunoaffinity chromatography. A section on preparative HPLC, including displacement techniques, is also presented. Problem-solving approaches to the separation of various classes of biologically active peptides and proteins are thoroughly explored, while the importance of peptide standards for monitoring column performance and for optimizing separation conditions is emphasized. Several articles focus on the choice of the correct detection method (electrochemical, UV, fluorescence), as well as the need for a proper knowledge of approaches to column and instrument maintenance and trouble-shooting. A section on predictive approaches deals with both computer simulation of peptide separations and peptide structure. The book also includes complementary techniques to HPLC, as well as other useful applications of HPLC. It enables both novice and experienced chromatographers to realize the full potential of this extremely powerful technique, in the process making an important contribution to scientific literature.
Fills a gap between the existing studies of proteins, which tend to be highly technical and geared toward the practicing protein chemist, and biochemistry textbooks, which focus on general principles. Scientists cover a dozen topics by presenting fundamental principles, an overview, and the practica |
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