Jede medizinische Fachrichtung benoetigt labormedizinische Diagnostik. Neben bildgebenden Verfahren ist sie die wichtigste Hilfsdisziplin im medizinischen Alltag. Die Anzahl der Daten und Befunde steigt rapide an. Ursachen hierfur sind die Automatisierung und die Einfuhrung neuer Methoden. Anhand von Fallbeispielen werden Laborbefunde interpretiert und die Aussagekraft einzelner Werte erlautert. Raschen UEberblick ermoeglicht die Gliederung der klinischen Fragestellungen je nach Fachrichtung. Eine praktische Einfuhrung fur Studenten und AErzte in Ausbildung sowie fur Personen, die im medizinisch-diagnostischen Bereich tatig sind.

A User's Guide to Melancholy takes Robert Burton's encyclopaedic masterpiece The Anatomy of Melancholy (first published in 1621) as a guide to one of the most perplexing, elusive, attractive, and afflicting diseases of the Renaissance. Burton's Anatomy is perhaps the largest, strangest, and most unwieldy self-help book ever written. Engaging with the rich cultural and literary framework of melancholy, this book traces its causes, symptoms, and cures through Burton's writing. Each chapter starts with a case study of melancholy - from the man who was afraid to urinate in case he drowned his town to the girl who purged a live eel - as a way into exploring the many facets of this mental affliction. A User's Guide to Melancholy presents in an accessible and illustrated format the colourful variety of Renaissance melancholy, and contributes to contemporary discussions about wellbeing by revealing the earlier history of mental health conditions.

Band XIa enth??lt allgemeine Kapitel zur Systematik, Klassifikation, Ethnobotanik, Phytochemie und Chemotaxonomie der Leguminosen. Die allgemeinen chemischen Kapitel sind familiencharakteristischen Prim??r- und Sekund??rstoffen und einigen aus der Familie bisher eher sporadisch bekannt gewordenen Stoffklassen gewidmet. Insgesamt enth??lt dieser Band ??ber 2000 Literaturhinweise. Hegnauers Chemotaxonomie ist ein unentbehrliches Handbuch f??r alle naturwissenschaftlichen Disziplinen, die sich mit dem Chemismus der Pflanze - auch ausserhalb botanisch-systematischer Fragen - befassen. Text und Literaturhinweise geben gemeinsam ein Bild unseres gegenw??rtigen Wissensstandes von den Stoffwechseleigenarten der behandelten Pflanzensippen. Die Ergebnisse der Naturstoffchemie, der vergleichenden Phytochemie und der Biogeneseforschung werden zum Aufbau einer systematischen Chemie der Pflanzen, also einer mit Stoffwechselmerkmalen arbeitenden Hilfs-wissenschaft der systematischen Botanik, verwendet. Der auf zwei Teilb??nde angelegte Band XI dieses Standardwerkes beleuchtet die Relevanz der Inhaltsstoffe der Leguminosen f??r die Fachgebiete der Systematik, Physiologie, Agrarwissenschaften, Pharmazie, Toxikologie, Medizin, ??kologie und Ethnobotanik. Mit Band XIa der Chemotaxonomie der Pflanzen liegt ein unverzichtbares Arbeitsmittel und Nachschlagewerk vor f??r alle, deren Interesse den Leguminosen gilt. Es richtet sich ??ber den Kreis der Pflanzentaxonomen, Pflanzenphysiologen und Naturstoffchemiker hinaus an Pflanzen??kologen, Agrar- und Ern??hrungswissenschaftler sowie Arzneimittelforscher. Die kosmopolitische Familie der Leguminosen, zu der neben zahlreichen Nahrungs- und Futterpflanzen vieleweitere wirtschaftlich bedeutende Kultur- und Zierpflanzen geh??ren, umfasst etwa 600 Gattungen beziehungsweise 13'000 Arten.

Life in all its forms is based on nucleic acids which store and transfer genetic information. The book addresses the main aspects of synthesis, hydrolytic stability, solution equilibria of nucleosides and nucleotides as well as base modifications of nucleic acids. The author further describes their structural analogues used as therapeutic drugs, such as antivirals and anticancer agents, and prodrug strategies of nucleotides.

Der Begriff "BIONIK" wird gerne als Kunstwort gekennzeichnet, zusammengesetzt aus BIOlogie und TechNIK. Bionik stellt einerseits ein Fach dar, in dem geforscht und ausgebildet wird, und kennzeichnet andererseits eine Sichtweise, namlich die des "Lernens von der Natur fur die Technik". Daruber sind in der Zwischenzeit neben popular wissenschaftlichen Werken eine Reihe von Fachbuchern erschienen. Werner Nachtigall hat darin mit der 2. Auflage seines bei Springer erschienenen Buchs "BIONIK - Grundlagen und Beispiele fur Ingenieure und Naturwissenschaftler" einen Meilenstein gesetzt. In diesem Buch kennzeichnet er die Untergliederung des Fachs und bespricht detailliert dessen Forschungsgegenstande. Dagegen fehlte bislang eine Darstellung, die sich mit den erkenntnistheoretischen Grundlagen wie mit der pragmatischen Vorgehensweise der Bionik systematisch befasst, die ja mit der ihr eigenen Prinzip-Abstraktion zwischen der belebten Welt als Vor-Bild und der technischen Umsetzung als Ab-Bild vermitteln will. Das vorliegende Werk schliesst diese Lucke mit drei grossen Abschnitten: Biologische Basis: Erforschen, Beschreiben, Beurteilen. - Abstraktion biologischer Befunde: Herausarbeiten allgemeiner Prinzipien. - Umsetzung in die Technik: Prinzipvergleich, Konzeptuelles, Vorgehensweise.

Marks' Essentials of Medical Biochemistry takes a patient-oriented approach that links biochemistry to physiology and pathophysiology, allowing students to apply fundamental concepts to the practice of medicine. Based on the established text, Marks' Basic Medical Biochemistry, Marks' Essentials is streamlined to focus only on the most essential biochemical concepts, while maintaining intuitively organized chapters centered on hypothetical patient vignettes and helpful icons for smooth navigation. Full-color illustrations of chemical structures and biochemical pathways elucidate core concepts and enhance understanding of the text Hypothetical patient vignettes ensure clinical relevance and help connect biochemistry to human health and disease Helpful icons guide you through each chapter and identify key concepts such as signs and symptoms, clinical pearls, treatment options and outcomes, and more Chapter Outlines and Key Points allow readers to preview and review chapter content End-of-Chapter Review Questions and Summary Disease Tables highlight the take-home messages and reinforce knowledge

Die neu uberarbeitete und erweiterte Rontgenfibel dient dem angehenden Radiologen als Einfuhrung und Hilfestellung in den verschiedenen Disziplinen seines Fachgebiets. Sie informiert schnell und umfassend uber alles, was fur die radiologische Untersuchung wichtig ist: von der Indikation uber Instrumentarium/Apparaturen und deren praktische Anwendung bis hin zur Medikation. Die konventionellen radiologischen Verfahren werden ebenso dargestellt wie Computertomographie, Dopplersonographie, spezifische Techniken in der Neuro-und der Kinderradiologie sowie die Grundprinzipien der minimal-invasiven therapeutischen Verfahren. Dabei halten sich die einzelnen Kapitel eng an den chronologischen Ablauf der jeweiligen Untersuchung; vorangestellt sind ihnen Entscheidungshifen zur Prufung der Indikation (Rontgenverordung ) und die notigen vorbereitenden Massnahmen."

Oxford Assess and Progress is a new and unique revision resource for medical students. Written and edited by subject and assessment experts the series provides a wealt of popular assessment questions and extra features to be truly fit for purpose and assessment success! Medical students will benefit from a comprehensive selection of Single Best Answer questions and Extended Matching Questions designed to test understanding and application of core medical science topics. Well illustrated, many assessment items are image based to prepare students for such exam questions. Chapter introductions provide a helpful quick overview of each topic. Ideal companions to the best-selling Oxford Handbooks, these excellent self-assessment guides can also be used entirely independently. Oxford Assess and Progress: Medical Sciences doesn't simply reveal the correct or wrong answer. Readers are directed to further revision material via detailed feedback on why the correct answer is best, and references to the Oxford Handbook of Medical Sciences and resources such as medical science textbooks. Each question is rated out of four possible levels of difficulty, from medical student to junior doctor. Carefully compiled and reviewed to ensure quality, students can rely on the Oxford Assess and Progress series to prepare for their exams.

This is an up to date book for the busy medical teacher, suitable for all grades of teacher experience and all clinical specialties. The chapters cover aspects of teaching from preparation, basic teaching skills, to the use of teaching resources, evaluation, assessment and curriculum planning. Each fully referenced chapter provides practical suggestions for busy clinicians, and easy to photocopy resources to enable teachers to put ideas into practice. The book supports the practical advice with the key evidence and theories underlying current medical education, allowing it to be used for both last minute planning as well as acting as a carefully constructed introduction to teaching medical undergraduates in the hospital or the community.

The natural, biological, medical, and related sciences would not be what they are today without the microscope. After the introduction of the optical microscope, a second breakthrough in morphostructural surface analysis occurred in the 1940s with the development of the scanning electron microscope (SEM), which, instead of light (i. e. , photons) and glass lenses, uses electrons and electromagnetic lenses (magnetic coils). Optical and scanning (or transmission) electron microscopes are called "far-field microscopes" because of the long distance between the sample and the point at which the image is obtained in comparison with the wavelengths of the photons or electrons involved. In this case, the image is a diffraction pattern and its resolution is wavelength limited. In 1986, a completely new type of microscopy was proposed, which, without the use of lenses, photons, or electrons, directly explores the sample surface by means of mechanical scanning, thus opening up unexpected possibilities for the morphostructural and mechanical analysis of biological specimens. These new scanning probe microscopes are based on the concept of near-field microscopy, which overcomes the problem of the limited diffraction-related resolution inherent in conventional microscopes. Located in the immediate vicinity of the sample itself (usually within a few nanometers), the probe records the intensity, rather than the interference signal, thus significantly improving resolution. Since the most we- known microscopes of this type operate using atomic forces, they are frequently referred to as atomic force microscopes (AFMs).

This book combines orthopedists' and radiologists' perspectives to provide a comprehensive overview of the rapidly expanding use of ultrasound in orthopedic surgery. It also highlights the growing awareness of the potential of this non-invasive and portable, real-time imaging tool, which has led to its inclusion in the minimally invasive toolkit of upper limb surgeons.The book is divided into five parts - shoulder, elbow, forearm, hand and wrist and fingers. Each part focuses on a particular anatomic region or joint, carefully analyzing the sonoanatomy of its nerves, tendons and bones. For each region, experienced experts illustrate how to perform specific techniques under ultrasound control, ranging from classic procedures, like carpal tunnel release, to the treatment of less common conditions. Covering all the basic and practical aspects of this innovative, multi-disciplinary approach, as well as future perspectives, this unique book is a must-read for all orthopedists, radiologists, sports physicians and physiotherapist wanting to gain insights into this promising field.

It was one of the great moments of humanity when Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen (1845- 1923) discovered a new kind of radiation on 8 November 1895. He himself modestly called them "X-rays". Roentgen's name and his rays became world famous. On 10 December 1901, Roentgen received the first Nobel Prize in Physics. X-rays have lost none of their appeal since then. They still permeate all areas of science, technology and medicine and accompany us in our everyday lives. However, Roentgen's scientific work cannot be reduced to this one great discovery alone. He was an excellent natural scientist, and his spirit of research is still an example for many scientists today. Roentgen's very special interest in precision physics is also more topical than ever. This carefully curated volume offers a multifaceted view of an outstanding natural scientist and provides insights into his personal legacy.

This open access book is only an introduction to show that radiation and radioisotopes (RI) are premier tools to study living plant physiology which leads to new findings. Who had ever imagined that we could see water in a plant? Who had ever imagined that we could see ions moving toward roots in solution? Who had ever imagined that we could see invisible gas (CO2) fixation and movement in a plant? These studies demonstrated for the first time that water, ions and gas can be visualized in living plants, which could be hardly seen by anyone before. This publication summarizes the results obtained by Nakanishi's lab in The Univ. of Tokyo, based on her original concept and her original tools or systems. It is useful for professional scientists, plant physiologist, and those studying plant imaging. The chapters demonstrates the innovative imaging work of the author, using radioactive tracers and neutron beam to follow the absorption and transport manner of water as well as major, minor, and trace elements in plants. Through these studies the author developed a real-time macroscopic and microscopic imaging system able to apply commercially available gamma- and beta-ray emitters. The real-time movement of the elements is now possible by using 14C, 18F, 22Na, 28Mg, 32P, 33P, 35S, 42K, 45Ca, 48V, 54Mn, 55Fe, 59Fe, 65Zn, 86Rb, 109Cd, and 137Cs. The imaging methods was applied to study the effect of 137Cs following 3/11 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant accident, which has revealed the movements of radiocesium in the contaminated sites.

This book combines orthopedists' and radiologists' perspectives to provide a comprehensive overview of the rapidly expanding use of ultrasound in orthopedic surgery. It also highlights the growing awareness of the potential of this non-invasive and portable, real-time imaging tool, which has led to its inclusion in the minimally invasive toolkit of upper limb surgeons.The book is divided into five parts - shoulder, elbow, forearm, hand and wrist and fingers. Each part focuses on a particular anatomic region or joint, carefully analyzing the sonoanatomy of its nerves, tendons and bones. For each region, experienced experts illustrate how to perform specific techniques under ultrasound control, ranging from classic procedures, like carpal tunnel release, to the treatment of less common conditions. Covering all the basic and practical aspects of this innovative, multi-disciplinary approach, as well as future perspectives, this unique book is a must-read for all orthopedists, radiologists, sports physicians and physiotherapist wanting to gain insights into this promising field.

Dieses Buch bietet strukturierte und aktuellste Informationen zu allen Routineanwendungen der Mehrschicht- (Multidetektor-) Computertomographie, auch der neuesten Gerategeneration (Dual-Slice bzw. Dual-Layer).

Es enthalt ausfuhrliche Kapitel zum technischen Hintergrund und behandelt systematisch alle wichtigen Organsysteme: Herz, Kopf und Hals, Thorax und Abdomen mit parenchymalen Organen und Gastrointestinaltrakt.

Jedes Protokoll wird tabellarisch prasentiert; dies ermoglicht dem Benutzer einen schnellen Uberblick uber die gewunschten Anwendungen und die notwendigen Einstellungen des CT-Gerats.

Alle Beitrage sind verfasst von anerkannten Experten auf dem Gebiet der CT, die nicht nur ihre reiche klinische Erfahrung in jedem Anwendungsgebiet einbringen, sondern auch Anleitungen fur Indikationen, Arbeitsablauf, Nachbearbeitung und Rekonstruktionsalgorithmen erarbeitet haben."

For over thirty years, rodents have been used in the study of many human and animal diseases. The rat in particular continues to serve as an experimental model for drug safety and efficacy tests for the treatment of neurological disorders, heart disease, diabetes, breast, liver and other cancers. With the more recent advent of transgenic technology, an impressive amount of new knowledge about transmissible spongiform encephalopathies has been accumulated. It is likely that the principles learned from the study of these prion diseases will be applicable to elucidating the causes of more common neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. As a result of this and, more importantly, because of increasingly complicated legislation governing the use of animals in regulated procedures, there is a need for experimenters (both experienced and those new to the laboratory) to improve their skills continuously and to become au fait with all aspects of preparatory techniques. The Rat Nervous System provides an accessible guide to the dissection and perfusion of rats, placing particular emphasis on the preparation of nervous tissue for further study in the laboratory including biochemical analysis and microscopic study. Logically structured with highly illustrated chapters covering gross anatomy, anatomy of the nervous system, anaesthesia, biological fixation and tissue extraction, the book provides a comprehensive introduction to those techniques required to provide consistent, high-quality tissues for subsequent investigation. Animal husbandry of a high standard, together with minimisation of discomfort, is essential if the information sought by the investigator is to be valid and reproducible; an overview of these topics is therefore also incorporated in this volume.

This uniquely accessible volume challenges professionals to understand-and help correct-health disparities, both at the patient level and in their larger social contexts. Dedicated to eradicating this ongoing injustice, contributors focus on marginalized populations, the role of healthcare systems in perpetuating inequities, the need for deeper engagement and listening by professionals, and the need for advocacy within professional education and the political/policy arena. The compelling case narratives at the core of the book illustrate the interrelated biopsychosocial components of patients' health problems and the gradations of learning needed for practitioners to address them effectively. The book's tools for developing a health disparities curriculum include a selection of workshop exercises, facilitator resources, and a brief guide to writing effective case narratives. A sampling of the narratives: "Finding the Person in Patient-Centered Health Care" (race/ethnicity/culture). "The Annual Big Girl / Big Boy Exchange" (gender). "Just Give Me Narcan and Let Me Go" (poverty/addiction). "Everyone Called Him Crazy" (immigration). "Adrift in the System" (disability). "Aging out of Pediatrics" (mental illness and stigma). "Time to Leave" (LGBT) A work of profound compassion, Health Disparities will be of considerable interest to researchers and practitioners interested in public health, population health, health disparities, and related fields such as sociology, social work, and narrative medicine. Its wealth of educational features also makes it a quality training text. "I was impressed when I read Health Disparities: Weaving a New Understanding through Case Narratives. As a patient who has experienced unpleasant situations in health care, I was moved to see that it was emotional and personal for the writers. The book confirms for me that the time is now for change to take place in our health care systems. I see this book as a light that can shine bright in the darkest places of health care. The editors have assembled a powerful book that provides all health professionals with specific steps they can take towards addressing and then eventually eliminating health disparities. A few steps that I really connected with were improving critical awareness, delivering quality care, listening and empathizing with patients and families, and advocating for changes. I recommend that anyone interested in working to improve health care obtain a copy of this book-it's filled with useful information that every medical professional should know. The book reminds me of a quote by Wayne Dyer, 'When you change the way you look at things, the things you look at change.'" -Delores Collins, Founder and Executive Director, A Vision of Change Incorporated, Certified Community Health Worker. Founder of The Greater Cleveland Community Health Workers Association.

Clinical Nursing Skills provides students with a strong, industry-focused foundation in nursing across various clinical settings. It includes the essential theory as well as relevant practical examples, which illustrate the skills required to prepare students for the workplace and help them achieve clinical competence. Each chapter is written by leading academics and based on the registered nurse standards for practice. Pedagogical features include learning objectives, reflective questions, clinical tips, full-colour images, in-situ troubleshooting case studies, skills in practice case studies, keys terms and definitions, and research topics for further study. Clinical Nursing Skills is a highly practical and authoritative resource designed to educate the next generation of nurses. The book comes with free access to the VitalSource etext. This enhanced version of Clinical Nursing Skills houses homework assignments, tutorial assistance, guided solutions and additional content in one convenient resource, which you can download to your computer or mobile device.

Literature and Medicine: A Practical and Pedagogical Guide is designed to introduce narrative medicine in medical humanities courses aimed at pre-medicine undergraduates and medical and healthcare students. With excerpts from short stories, novels, memoirs, and poems, the book guides students on the basic methods and concepts of the study of narrative. The book helps healthcare professionals to build a set of skills and knowledge central to the practice of medicine including an understanding of professionalism, building the patient-physician relationship, ethics of medical practice, the logic of diagnosis, recognizing mistakes in medical practice, and diversity of experience. In addition to analyzing and considering the literary texts, each chapter includes a vignette taken from clinical situations to help define and illustrate the chapter's theme. Literature and Medicine illustrates the ways that engagement with the humanities in general, and literature in particular, can create better and more fulfilled physicians and caretakers.

Innovations in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology summarizes the state of the art in nano-sized materials. The authors focus on innovation aspects and highlight potentials for future developments and applications in health care, including pharmaceutics, dentistry, and cosmetics; information and communications; energy; and chemical engineering. The chapters are written by leading researchers in nanoscience, chemistry, pharmacy, biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, medicine, and social science. The authors come from a range of backgrounds including academia, industry, and national and international laboratories around the world. This book is ideally suited for researchers and students in chemistry, physics, biology, engineering, materials science, and medicine and is a useful guide for industrialists. It aims to provide inspiration for scientists, new ideas for developers and innovators in industry, and guidelines for toxicologists. It also provides guidelines for agencies and government authorities to establish safe working conditions.

The series Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry presents critical reviews on present and future trends in the research of heterocyclic compounds. Overall the scope is to cover topics dealing with all areas within heterocyclic chemistry, both experimental and theoretical, of interest to the general heterocyclic chemistry community. The series consists of topic related volumes edited by renowned editors with contributions of experts in the field. All chapters from Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry are published Online First with an individual DOI. In references, Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry is abbreviated as Top Heterocycl Chem and cited as a journal.

This book provides a concise yet comprehensive source of information on the classification, evaluation, diagnosis, and management of vascular lesions of the orbit and face. It highlights recent technological innovations and new treatments that have significantly improved the ability to accurately evaluate and successfully treat these lesions with reduced complications. Some of these advances include new imaging modalities, intravascular and intralesional treatment approaches, photodynamic therapy, and additional medical therapies. Many of these advances have led to paradigm shifts in the understanding and management of vascular lesions of the orbit and face. This book, written by experts in the fields of ophthalmology, dermatology, diagnostic and interventional radiology, and oculoplastic surgery, features structured, in-depth chapters that can also be quickly consulted as a reference guide. It is an excellent resource for those in training as well as seasoned practitioners wishing to acquaint themselves with the newest diagnostic and treatment techniques for orbital vascular lesions.

This detailed volume includes a rich variety of applications using various instrumentations, probes, disease models, and targets in order to account for the multidisciplinary nature of the use of in vivo fluorescence imagine. The book also includes chapters on the emerging fields of cell tracking, image-guided treatment, and fluorescence imaging in the second NIR window, as well as protocols for evaluation methods before and after in vivo imaging. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include brief introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, In Vivo Fluorescence Imaging: Methods and Protocols serves as a valuable reference for researchers from numerous fields who wish to become more familiar with in vivo fluorescence imaging techniques.