This book focuses on the development and use of interoperability standards related to healthcare information technology (HIT) and provides in-depth discussion of the associated essential aspects. The book explains the principles of conformance, examining how to improve the content of healthcare data exchange standards (including HL7 v2.x, V3/CDA, FHIR, CTS2, DICOM, EDIFACT, and ebXML), the rigor of conformance testing, and the interoperability capabilities of healthcare applications for the benefit of healthcare professionals who use HIT, developers of HIT applications, and healthcare consumers who aspire to be recipients of safe and effective health services facilitated through meaningful use of well-designed HIT. Readers will understand the common terms interoperability, conformance, compliance and compatibility, and be prepared to design and implement their own complex interoperable healthcare information system. Chapters address the practical aspects of the subject matter to enable application of previously theoretical concepts. The book provides real-world, concrete examples to explain how to apply the information, and includes many diagrams to illustrate relationships of entities and concepts described in the text. Designed for professionals and practitioners, this book is appropriate for implementers and developers of HIT, technical staff of information technology vendors participating in the development of standards and profiling initiatives, informatics professionals who design conformance testing tools, staff of information technology departments in healthcare institutions, and experts involved in standards development. Healthcare providers and leadership of provider organizations seeking a better understanding of conformance, interoperability, and IT certification processes will benefit from this book, as will students studying healthcare information technology.

Artificial Intelligence Applications in Human Pathology deals with the latest topics in biomedical research and clinical cancer diagnostics. With chapters provided by true international experts in the field, this book gives real examples of the implementation of AI and machine learning in human pathology.Advances in machine learning and AI in general have propelled computational and general pathology research. Today, computer systems approach the diagnostic levels achieved by humans for certain well-defined tasks in pathology. At the same time, pathologists are faced with an increased workload both quantitatively (numbers of cases) and qualitatively (the amount of work per case, with increasing treatment options and the type of data delivered by pathologists also expected to become more fine-grained). AI will support and leverage mathematical tools and implement data-driven methods as a center for data interpretation in modern tissue diagnosis and pathology. Digital or computational pathology will also foster the training of future computational pathologists, those with both pathology and non-pathology backgrounds, who will eventually decide that AI-based pathology will serve as an indispensable hub for data-related research in a global health care system.Some of the specific topics explored within include an introduction to DL as applied to Pathology, Standardized Tissue Sampling for Automated Analysis, integrating Computational Pathology into Histopathology workflows. Readers will also find examples of specific techniques applied to specific diseases that will aid their research and treatments including but not limited to; Tissue Cartography for Colorectal Cancer, Ki-67 Measurements in Breast Cancer, and Light-Sheet Microscopy as applied to Virtual Histology.The key role for pathologists in tissue diagnostics will prevail and even expand through interdisciplinary work and the intuitive use of an advanced and interoperating (AI-supported) pathology workflow delivering novel and complex features that will serve the understanding of individual diseases and of course the patient.

Think - Plan - Buy This is the first complete guide for creating a sustainable healthcare simulation program/center. It is created by experts in the field that are on the front lines of this emerging field. It is intended and written with all professions in mind, and should be a resource for all, be they healthcare educators, administrators, or executives. It covers specific elements of the entire process, from concept to execution, and identifies key decision points along the way. The book is organized around fundamental considerations in center and program development including governance, structural/facility and curricular design, business planning, to establishing policies and procedures. Chapters analyze the fundamental aspects of planning, such as budgeting, revenue streams, and philanthropy as well as the inclusion of educational resources within such programs. Comprehensive Healthcare Simulation: Program and Center Development is an invaluable addition to the Comprehensive Healthcare Simulation series, and features an authoritative authorship of experts in the field.

A volume in the IEEE Press Series in Biomedical Engineering
Metkin Akay, Series Editor
Endorsed by the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

A valuable synthesis of system theory and real-world applications for biomedical instrumentation

System theory is becoming increasingly important to medical applications. Yet, biomedical and digital signal processing researchers rarely have expertise in practical medical applications, and medical instrumentation designers usually are unfamiliar with system theory. System Theory and Practical Applications for Biomedical Signals bridges those gaps in a practical manner, showing how various aspects of system theory are put into practice by industry.

Written from the perspective of an industry insider who actually made useful products based on the theory, this pragmatic guide combines traditional DSP and compartmental modeling, as well as pairing in-depth discussions of practical medical instrumentation applications and system theory.

Biomedical and DSP academic researchers pursuing grants and industry funding will find its real-world approach extremely valuable. Its in-depth discussion of the theoretical issues will clarify for medical instrumentation managers how system theory can compensate for less-than-ideal sensors. With application MATLAB exercises and suggestions for system theory course work included, the text also fills the need for detailed information for students or practicing engineers interested in instrument design.

The healthcare industry is starting to adopt digital twins to improve personalized medicine, healthcare organization performance, and new medicine and devices. These digital twins can create useful models based on information from wearable devices, omics, and patient records to connect the dots across processes that span patients, doctors, and healthcare organizations as well as drug and device manufacturers. Digital twins are digital representations of human physiology built on computer models. The use of digital twins in healthcare is revolutionizing clinical processes and hospital management by enhancing medical care with digital tracking and advancing modelling of the human body. These tools are of great help to researchers in studying diseases, new drugs, and medical devices. Digital Twins and Healthcare: Trends, Techniques, and Challenges facilitates the advancement and knowledge dissemination in methodologies and applications of digital twins in the healthcare and medicine fields. This book raises interest and awareness of the uses of digital twins in healthcare in the research community. Covering topics such as deep neural network, edge computing, and transfer learning method, this premier reference source is an essential resource for hospital administrators, pharmacists, medical professionals, IT consultants, students and educators of higher education, librarians, and researchers.

Summary: This book provides valuable, effective guidance for understanding, interpreting and implementing ISO 13485:2016 standard requirements. Despite its more than 800-page length, the author has specifically designed its contents to maximize usability for the reader with a table of contents identical to that of the ISO standard itself, which enables easy navigation and orientation. Pragmatic in style and down to earth in tone, this book draws real-life examples and case-studies from the author's many years of experience in consulting to illustrate even the most complex of ISO 13485:2016 standard requirements and their implementation. Identifying relevant requirements and how they harmonize with quality management systems, developing processes for design and development, as well as product realization and validation are just a few of the issues covered in-depth by this publication. In addition, the author constantly reviews the distinctive characteristics and aspects of the medical device manufacturing industry, so that the reader can also appreciate the subject of this book in an everyday context. Features: A pragmatic and down to earth approach towards the reader's understanding of ISO 13485:2016 standard requirements implementation. Uses examples and cases from real-life based on the author's many years of experience in quality management. A table of contents structured identically to that of ISO 13485:2016 itself, allowing easier navigation and orientation for the reader. Emphasises guidance for ISO 13495:2016 standard requirements which are difficult to interpret and implement Constantly reviews the aspect of medical device industry characteristics and distinctive so the reader can reflect the content with its daily work.

As individuals increasingly seek ways of accessing, understanding and sharing data about their own bodies, this book offers a critique of the popular claim that 'more information' equates to 'better health'. In a study that redefines the public, academic and policy related debates around health, bodies, information and data, the authors consider the ways in which the phenomenon of self-diagnosis has created alternative worlds of knowledge and practises which are often at odds with professional medical advice. With a focus on data that concerns significant life changes, this book explores the potential challenges related to people's changing relationships with traditional health systems as access to, and control over, data shifts.

Der Krankenhaus-Report, der jahrlich in Buchform und als Open-Access-Publikation erscheint, analysiert 2020 im Rahmen seines Schwerpunktthemas "Finanzierung und Vergutung am Scheideweg" die aktuellen Entwicklungen in der Krankenhausfinanzierung. Jedes System der Krankenhausfinanzierung und -vergutung setzt zwangslaufig positive und negative Anreize. Auch mit dem in Deutschland 2003 eingefuhrten Fallpauschalensystem waren bestimmte Ziele verbunden. Das als "lernendes System" angelegte G-DRG-System erfuhr im Lauf der Zeit eine Vielzahl von Modifikationen und Erganzungen, die Ausgliederung der Pflegekosten ab 2020 gilt allerdings als die wesentlichste Veranderung. Ziel des Krankenhaus-Reports 2020 ist es, das Finanzierungssystem zu analysieren und Perspektiven der Weiterentwicklung aufzuzeigen. Aus dem InhaltDer Krankenhaus-Report 2020 thematisiert unter anderem: Anspruch und Wirklichkeit der DRG-Einfuhrung in Deutschland Empirische Evidenz zu den Wirkungen des G-DRG-Systems Systeme der Krankenhausfinanzierung und ihre Anreizwirkungen Mengensteuerung Vergutung der Pflege Vergutung und Qualitat Gewinne im Krankenhausmarkt Investitionsfinanzierung und Strukturprobleme Zusatzlich werden folgende Themen zur Diskussion gestellt: Krankenhausfinanzierung und -vergutung als politisches Handlungsfeld Wirksamkeit des Krankenhausstrukturfonds Ausrichtung der Krankenhausplanung am Patientennutzen Der Datenteil greift die Krankenhausbudgetentwicklung sowie die fallpauschalenbezogene Krankenhausstatistik des Statistischen Bundesamtes auf. Erganzt werden diese Datenanalysen durch die Krankenhauspolitische Chronik.

The cross-disciplinary pursuits between modern technology, their computations and applications to the human body have exploded because of rapid developments in computer technology and mathematical computational techniques.

This four-volume set, Computational Methods in Biophysics, Biomaterials, Biotechnology and Medical Systems, represents the first multi-volume treatment of this significant subject on the international scene. The work is an indispensable reference source by leading researchers, and is essential reference work for academics, practitioners, students and researchers working with:
*Computers in Medicine,
*Science and Mathematics in Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Bioengineering,
*Computational Biophysics.

Volume Synopsis:
Volume 1: Algorithm Techniques
The first volume begins logically with algorithmic techniques and their application in medical imaging procedures Electrocardiography (ECG) and Magnetoencephalography (MEG): modeling techniques used in data rich biomechanics and biomedical environments; and specific coverage of artificial neural networks for rehabilitation and DNA sequence analysis.
Volume 2: Computational Methods
Volume 2 presents computational methods across a broad array of subjects, from bone implants and wound healing to temperature driven physiological reactions of arms and legs; from spatial pattern analysis and binocular fixation systems to telerobotic surgery; and computer design and manufacturing systems in biomedicine.
Volume 3: Mathematical Analysis Methods
This volume focuses on methods of mathematical analysis, starting with medical imaging. Then to biological modeling for applications to blood flow, neuranatomy and motion analysis of tumors and metastases; mathematical methods related to Doppler examination of the heart, blood pressure drugs and knee implants; and closing with biosignal interchange formats and boundary element methods for biological systems.
Volume 4: Diagnostic Methods
This volume presents a rich variety of diagnostic methods and techniques derived from results of the earlier volumes. From analytical to heuristic to modern methods of artificial intelligence, a significant summary is provided on the essential role computational methods play in medical systems.

Statistics for the Health Sciences is a highly readable and accessible textbook on understanding statistics for the health sciences, both conceptually and via the SPSS programme. The authors give clear explanations of the concepts underlying statistical analyses and descriptions of how these analyses are applied in health science research without complex maths formulae. The textbook takes students from the basics of research design, hypothesis testing and descriptive statistical techniques through to more advanced inferential statistical tests that health science students are likely to encounter. The strengths and weaknesses of different techniques are critically appraised throughout, and the authors emphasise how they may be used both in research and to inform best practice care in health settings. Exercises and tips throughout the book allow students to practice using SPSS. The companion website provides further practical experience of conducting statistical analyses. Features include: * multiple choice questions for both student and lecturer use * full Powerpoint slides for lecturers * practical exercises using SPSS * additional practical exercises using SAS and R This is an essential textbook for students studying beginner and intermediate level statistics across the health sciences.

Advances in any branches of technology essentially depends on the branch development. The tonnage and nomenclature of medical polymers in the world grow faster that those of commercial polymers. Polymers are involved now in almost any field of medicine. They are widely used in restorative surgery as prosthesis, coverings for wounds and burns, blood substitutes, as packing for drugs, for nursing items, as medical equipment parts, and so on. Two basic questions are of interest to the bioengineer producing the items and the physician using them in practice, namely: their biocompatibility and the retaining of their effective mechanical, diffusive, optical and other properties.

This open access book introduces the National Health Insurance (NHI) system of Taiwan with a particular emphasis on its application of digital technology to improve healthcare access and quality. The authors explicate how Taiwan integrates its strong Information and Communications Technology (ICT) industry with 5G to construct an information system that facilitates medical information exchange, collects data for planning and research, refines medical claims review procedures and even assists in fighting COVID-19. Taiwan's NHI, launched in 1995, is a single-payer system funded primarily through payroll-based premiums. It covers all citizens and foreign residents with the same comprehensive benefits without the long waiting times seen in other single-payer systems. Though premium rate adjustment and various reforms were carried out in 2010, the NHI finds itself at a crossroads over its financial stability. With the advancement of technologies and an aging population, it faces challenges of expanding coverage to newly developed treatments and diagnosis methods and applying the latest innovations to deliver telemedicine and more patient-centered services. The NHI, like the national health systems of other countries, also needs to address the privacy concerns of the personal health data it collects and the issues regarding opening this data for research or commercial use. In this book, the 12 chapters cover the history, characteristics, current status, innovations and future reform plans of the NHI in the digital era. Topics explored include: Income Strategy Payment Structure Pursuing Health Equity Infrastructure of the Medical Information System Innovative Applications of the Medical Information Applications of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Digital Health Care in Taiwan is essential reading for academic researchers and students in healthcare administration, health policy, health systems research, and health services delivery, as well as policymakers and public officials in relevant government departments. It also would appeal to academics, practitioners, and other professionals in public health, health sciences, social welfare, and health and biotechnology law.

This volume explores the safety and availability of the nation's supply of blood and blood components. It discusses the risks of disease transmission, methods of guarding the blood supply, new ideas on safety and monitoring, risk tolerance, risk communication, and no-fault insurance. Table of Contents Front Matter 1: Current Risks of Disease Transmission 2: Guarding the Blood Supply 3: New Ideas for Safety and Monitoring 4: Risk Tolerance 5: Risk Communication 6: No-Fault Insurance 7: Concluding Remarks Appendix A: Acronyms and Abbreviations Appendix B: Workshop Participants

Diabetes Digital Health brings together the multifaceted information surrounding the science of digital health from an academic, regulatory, industrial, investment and cybersecurity perspective. Clinicians and researchers who are developing and evaluating mobile apps for diabetes patients will find this essential reading, as will industry people whose companies are developing mobile apps and sensors.

Digital technologies are currently dramatically changing healthcare. Cloud healthcare is an increasingly trending topic in the field, converging skills from computer and health science. This new strategy fosters the management of health data at a large scale and makes it easier for healthcare organizations to improve patient experience and health team productivity while helping the support, security, compliance, and interoperability of health data. Exploring the Convergence of Computer and Medical Science Through Cloud Healthcare is a reference in the ongoing digital transformation of the healthcare sector. It presents a comprehensive state-of-the-art approach to cloud internet of things health technologies and practices. It provides insights over strategies, methodologies, techniques, tools, and services based on emerging cloud digital health solutions to overcome digital health challenges. Covering topics such as auxiliary systems, the internet of medical things, and natural language processing, this premier reference source is an essential resource for medical professionals, hospital administrators, medical students, medical professors, libraries, researchers, and academicians.

A biomedical engineering perspective on the theory, methods, and applications of signal processing This book provides a unique framework for understanding signal processing of biomedical signals and what it tells us about signal sources and their behavior in response to perturbation. Using a modeling-based approach, the author shows how to perform signal processing by developing and manipulating a model of the signal source, providing a logical, coherent basis for recognizing signal types and for tackling the special challenges posed by biomedical signals–including the effects of noise on the signal, changes in basic properties, or the fact that these signals contain large stochastic components and may even be fractal or chaotic. Each chapter begins with a detailed biomedical example, illustrating the methods under discussion and highlighting the interconnection between the theoretical concepts and applications. The author has enlisted experts from numerous subspecialties in biomedical engineering to help develop these examples and has made most examples available as Matlab or Simulink files via anonymous ftp. Without the need for a background in electrical engineering, readers will become acquainted with proven techniques for analyzing biomedical signals and learn how to choose the appropriate method for a given application.

Close monitoring of patients during anesthesia is crucial for ensuring positive treatment outcomes and patient safety. The increasing availability of new technologies and the repurposing of older monitors means more patient data is at anesthesiologists' fingertips than ever before. However, this flood of options can be overwhelming. A practical resource for understanding this array of clinical monitoring options in anesthesia, this important text focuses on real-world applications in anesthesia and perioperative care. Reviewing the evidence for improved patient outcomes for monitoring technology, neurological monitoring, echocardiography systems and ultrasound are amongst the techniques covered in a head-to-toe approach. Statistics used by manufacturers to gain approval for their technology are discussed, as well as the under-appreciated risks associated with monitoring such as digital distraction. Future monitoring technologies including wearable systems are explored in depth. Focusing on applied practice, this book is an essential text for front-line healthcare professionals in anesthesia.

Despite blockchain being an emerging technology that is mainly applied in the financial and logistics domain areas, it has great potential to be applied in other industries to generate a wider impact. Due to the need for social distancing globally, blockchain has great opportunities to be adopted in digital health including health insurance, pharmaceutical supply chain, remote diagnosis, and more. Revolutionizing Digital Healthcare Through Blockchain Technology Applications explores the current applications and future opportunities of blockchain technology in digital health and provides a reference for the development of blockchain in digital health for the future. Covering key topics such as privacy, blockchain economy, and cryptocurrency, this reference work is ideal for computer scientists, healthcare professionals, policymakers, researchers, scholars, academicians, practitioners, instructors, and students.

Computational Modelling of Biomechanics and Biotribology in the Musculoskeletal System: Biomaterials and Tissues, Second Edition reviews how a wide range of materials are modeled and applied. Chapters cover basic concepts for modeling of biomechanics and biotribology, the fundamentals of computational modeling of biomechanics in the musculoskeletal system, finite element modeling in the musculoskeletal system, computational modeling from a cells and tissues perspective, and computational modeling of the biomechanics and biotribology interactions, looking at complex joint structures. This book is a comprehensive resource for professionals in the biomedical market, materials scientists and biomechanical engineers, and academics in related fields. This important new edition provides an up-to-date overview of the most recent research and developments involving hydroxyapatite as a key material in medicine and its application, including new content on novel technologies, biomorphic hydroxyapatite and more.

Biomaterials in Translational Medicine delivers timely and detailed information on the latest advances in biomaterials and their role and impact in translational medicine. Key topics addressed include the properties and functions of these materials and how they might be applied for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Particular emphasis is placed on basic fundamentals, biomaterial formulations, design principles, fabrication techniques and transitioning bench-to-bed clinical applications. The book is an essential reference resource for researchers, clinicians, materials scientists, engineers and anyone involved in the future development of innovative biomaterials that drive advancement in translational medicine.

The book is a collection of research papers presented at the First International Conference on International Conference on Ambient Intelligence in Health Care (ICAIHC 2021) organized by Institute of Technical Education and Research, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University) University, Bhubaneswar, India, during April 15-16, 2022. It includes papers in the research area of e-health care, telemedicine, other medical technologies, life support systems, fast detection and diagnoses, developed technologies and innovative solutions, bioinformatics, and solutions for monitoring smart intelligent systems in health care.

This book focuses on contemporary technologies and research in computational intelligence that has reached the practical level and is now accessible in preclinical and clinical settings. This book's principal objective is to thoroughly understand significant technological breakthroughs and research results in predictive modeling in healthcare imaging and data analysis. Machine learning and deep learning could be used to fully automate the diagnosis and prognosis of patients in medical fields. The healthcare industry's emphasis has evolved from a clinical-centric to a patient-centric model. However, it is still facing several technical, computational, and ethical challenges. Big data analytics in health care is becoming a revolution in technical as well as societal well-being viewpoints. Moreover, in this age of big data, there is increased access to massive amounts of regularly gathered data from the healthcare industry that has necessitated the development of predictive models and automated solutions for the early identification of critical and chronic illnesses. The book contains high-quality, original work that will assist readers in realizing novel applications and contexts for deep learning architectures and algorithms, making it an indispensable reference guide for academic researchers, professionals, industrial software engineers, and innovative model developers in healthcare industry.

Many people in developing countries lack access to health technologies, even basic ones. Why do these problems in access persist? What can be done to improve access to good health technologies, especially for poor people in poor countries?

This book answers those questions by developing a comprehensive analytical framework for access and examining six case studies to explain why some health technologies achieved more access than others. The technologies include praziquantel (for the treatment of schistosomiasis), hepatitis B vaccine, malaria rapid diagnostic tests, vaccine vial monitors for temperature exposure, the Norplant implant contraceptive, and female condoms. Based on research studies commissioned by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to better understand the development, adoption, and uptake of health technologies in poor countries, the book concludes with specific lessons on strategies to improve access. These lessons will be of keen interest to students of health and development, public health professionals, and health technology developers all who seek to improve access to health technologies in poor countries.

Many remarkable medical technologies, diagnostic tools, and treatment methods have emerged as a result of modern physics discoveries in the last century--including X-rays, radiation treatment, laser surgery, high-resolution ultrasound scans, computerized tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging. This undergraduate-level textbook describes the fundamental physical principles underlying these technological advances, emphasizing their applications to the practice of modern medicine.

Intended for science and engineering students with one year of introductory physics background, this textbook presents the medical applications of fundamental principles of physics to students who are considering careers in medical physics, biophysics, medicine, or nuclear engineering. It also serves as an excellent reference for advanced students, as well as medical and health researchers, practitioners, and technicians who are interested in developing the background required to understand the changing landscape of medical science. Practice exercises are included and solutions are available separately in an instructor's manual. Complete discussion of the fundamental physical principles underlying modern medicineAccessible exploration of the physics encountered in a typical visit to a doctorPractice exercises are included and solutions are provided in a separate instructor's manual (available to professors)A companion website (modernphysicsinmedicine.com) presents supplementary materials