This book, together with the next two volumes to follow, offers the scientific community the works and thoughts of Santiago Ram n y Cajal. The text is a faithful rendition of the original Spanish version, with additional facts taken from the French translation. Both of these are currently quoted an average of 200 times a year in the scientific literature. This collection will represent the "definitive Cajal" for scientists and scholars interested in the original thoughts of probably the most prominent neuroscientist of all time.

This volume includes comprehensive descriptions of miRNA biogenesis and their role in the development and progression of various human diseases. The first few chapters of MicroRNA Profiling: Methods and Protocols discuss the effects of over-expressing and repressing of a target miRNA and their effects on cell viability and proliferation. The next few chapters explore the protocols for total RNA isolation from cells and cell-derived product including formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue and plant tissue. The last few chapters discuss isolation and characterization of exosomes from medium conditioned by cell lines, serum, and plasma specimens. This book also includes discussions of several software tools, such as miRandola, PicTar, DIANA, and miRWalk. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, MicroRNA Profiling: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for anyone interested in the field of Micro RNAs.

First published in 1985, the revised edition of this text consists of seven chapters describing the muscle, its anatomy, its mechanics, and its chemical and neuro-control systems. It documents empirical, analytical, and experimental analyses and equations in the field of muscle mechanics.

The purpose of these volumes is to provide a reference work for the methods of purifying many of the receptors we know about. This be comes increasingly important as full-length receptors are overexpressed in bacteria or in insect cell systems. A major problem for abundantly expressed proteins will be their purification. In addition to purification protocols, many other details can be found concerning an individual receptor that may not be available in standard texts or monographs. No book of this type is available as a compendium of purification procedures. Receptor Purification provides protocols for the purification of a wide variety of receptors. These include receptors that bind: neurotransmit ters, polypeptide hormones, steroid hormones, and ligands for related members of the steroid supergene family and others, including receptors involved in bacterial motion. The text of this information is substantial, so as to require its publication in two volumes. Consequently, a division was made by grouping receptors by the nature of their ligands. Thus, in Volume One there are contributions on serotonin receptors, adrenergic receptors, the purification of GTP-binding proteins, opioid receptors, neurotensin receptor, luteinizing hormone receptor, human chorionic gonadotropin receptor, follicle stimulating hormone receptor, thyro tropin receptor, prolactin receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, platelet derived growth factor receptor, colony stimulating factor recep tor, insulin-like growth factor receptors, insulin receptor, fibronectin receptor, interferon receptor, and the cholecystokinin receptor."

FRCS General Surgery: 500 SBAs and EMIs offers the most comprehensive coverage of practice questions for trainees preparing for the FRCS General Surgery exam. Presented in a clear layout, chapters are mapped to the syllabus to deliver structured revision in all the key topics. Featuring a wealth of practice questions and fully descriptive answers, this book provides the essential revision tool to maximise chances of exam success. 500 Single Best Answers and Extended Matching Items, reflecting topics encountered in the exam Answers feature concise, case-based descriptions to consolidate knowledge Highly illustrated to improve understanding of key concepts Extensive evidence-based references to relate theory to clinical practice

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common and most severe form of inflammatory arthritis. The pathogenesis of RA has been the subject of intense research for several decades. The prevailing hypotheses have changed over the years, and have attempted to incorporate the most recent data. Although T cells represent an important component of the cells which infiltrate the joint synovium, their contribution at a late stage of the disease remains a matter of debate. The goal of this book is to outline the major arguments and data suggesting that T cells may, or may not, be central players in the pathogenesis of chronic RA. While each of the editors and authors has his/her own bias (as will be clear by reading the respective chapters), our hope is that the readers will enjoy a complete and balanced view of the critical questions and experiments. This is not just an intellectual exercise since the direction of future therapeutic interventions depends heavily on how one interprets the pathogenesis of RA and the contribution of T cells.

Complete Anatomy Coloring Book is a comprehensive collection of impressive outline drawings showing the body's muscles, skeleton, organs and anatomical systems (nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymph, respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive). It contains over 150 diagrams that can be coloured in using felt-tips, crayons, marker pens, coloured pencils or gel-pens.The process of colouring in the different body parts is a fantastic aid to learning, making the book a thoroughly practical, interactive aid for students studying anatomy. Extended captions to the illustrations explain exactly what is being shown and provide clues to help you label the diagrams. Students can then key in the labels to the illustrations as an additional learning device.By engaging with the illustrations in this way, students will gain a deeper understanding of the parts of the body and its processes. The exciting combination of colouring activities and labelling exercises makes Complete Anatomy Coloring Book an invaluable tool for all those wishing to learn more about anatomy in a way that is both relaxing and fun.

What happened along the evolutionary trail that made humans so unique? In his accessible style, Michael Gazzaniga pinpoints the change that made us thinking, sentient humans different from our predecessors. He explores what makes human brains special, the importance of language and art in defining the human condition, the nature of human consciousness, and even artificial intelligence.

Lippincott (R) Connect Featured Title Purchase of the new print edition of this Lippincott (R) Connect title includes access to the digital version of the book, plus related materials such as videos and multiple-choice Q&A and self-assessments. Photographic Atlas of Anatomy features outstanding full-color photographs of actual cadaver dissections, with accompanying schematic drawings and diagnostic images, to help students develop an unparalleled mastery of human anatomy with ease. Depicting anatomic structures more realistically than illustrations in traditional atlases, this proven resource shows students exactly what they will see in the dissection lab. Chapters are organized by region in the order of a typical dissection, with each chapter presenting regional anatomical structures in a systematic manner. This updated 9th edition includes revised content throughout and features additional cadaver dissection photos, medical imaging, and clinical illustrations, as well as a new appendix with learning resources that strengthen students' understanding of the vascular, lymphatic, muscular, and nervous systems. UPDATED! Chapters organized by region guide you through the order of a typical dissection. NEW! Appendix with learning resources reinforces your understanding of the vascular, lymphatic, muscular, and nervous systems. More than 1,200 full-color dissection photos, medical imaging, and clinical illustrations -all new or updated- depict key anatomical distinctions and functional connections as seen in the dissection lab. Authentic photographic reproduction of colors, structures, and spatial dimensions familiarize you with the human anatomy as seen in the dissection lab and on the operating table. Functional connections between single organs, the surrounding tissue, and organ systems are clarified to help you prepare for the dissection lab and practical exams. Dissections illustrate the regional anatomy in layers "from the outside in" to prepare you for the lab and operating room. Clinical comments strengthen your understanding and clinical readiness. Lippincott (R) Connect features: Full access to the digital version of the book with the ability to highlight and take notes on key passages for a more personal, efficient study experience. Carefully curated resources, such as interactive diagrams, audio and video tutorials, and self-assessment, all designed to facilitate further comprehension. Lippincott (R) Connect also allows users to create Study Collections to further personalize the study experience. With Study Collections you can: Pool content from books across your entire library into self-created Study Collections based on discipline, procedure, organ, concept or other topics. Display related text passages, video clips and self-assessment questions from each book (if available) for efficient absorption of material. Annotate and highlight key content for easy access later. Navigate seamlessly between book chapters, sections, self-assessments, notes and highlights in a single view/page.

The FRCR examination was recently changed and now comprises two modules: physics and radiological anatomy. The anatomy module is new, and consists of 20 radiological images, with 5 questions on each image, 100 questions in all. The anatomy examination lasts for 75 minutes and incorporates 20 separate images (cases) with 5 questions per case, producing a total of 100 questions. The cases will be presented at computer work-stations, with separate written answer sheets for completion. In this book we present 5 complete `mock' anatomy examinations, with a total of 500 questions. We have stayed true to the lay out of the RCR sample questions and answer sheets to ensure familiarity. The anatomical structures should not be ambiguous and, if necessary, there will be more than one arrow to indicate the appropriate structure (a concept that has been included in some of the example questions in this book). As a rule, the candidate should make an attempt to answer ALL questions in the exam as there is no negative marking. It is advised that answers be as complete as possible, for instance the use of `left' or `right' if this can be derived from the image, or rather than simply stating `acromion', use the `acromion process of the scapula' - if you have the knowledge, use it! This book should not be used as a primary revision tool, rather a practice aid to test the candidate against the clock in exam conditions and highlight any areas of weakness or imaging examinations that the candidate may be unfamiliar with. Primary revision is suggested by using traditional anatomy alongside radiology-based anatomy textbooks. It is also necessary to experience everyday radiological investigations, and even more specialist investigations, as essentially any type of radiological image can be used for assessment of anatomical knowledge in this examination. The authors provide explanatory answers, and have also included extra images to accompany their explanations. In addition there are references to key revision resources, and they have also given advice on exam technique. They have first hand experience of running courses on the new format FRCR anatomy exam, and are therefore the perfect authors for the subject. Key Points 100% relevant to the new format Authors run FRCR Part 1 courses 500 questions

Research on muscarinic receptors is advancing at an extraordinary rate. Ten years ago, the existence of muscarinic receptor sub types was a logical assumption with only scattered experimen tal support. The discovery that pirenzepine recognized apparent heterogeneity in muscarinic binding sites infused new life into the problem of subclassifying muscarinic receptors. Simultaneous advances in molecular biology created a frenzy to clone cell sur face receptors. The muscarinic receptor succumbed surprisingly quickly, revealing its structure and that of at least four closely related gene products within a year. Our hope of obtaining clear evidence for muscarinic receptor subtypes was answered with a vengeance. Now a family of muscarinic receptors sits before us, asking to be understood. The bounty is as attractive to those who have not previously studied muscarinic receptors as to those who have dedicated their research careers to this subject. The goal of this book is to ensure that the new generation of research will profit from the wisdom of the past. The tools of molecular biology are well suited to the tasks of characteriz ing the pharmacology, function, and regulation of the distinct muscarinic receptor subtypes. However, efficient and intelligent use of these tools is not possible, unless one understands the properties of the receptor, the molecular mechanisms by which it couples to effectors, and the ways that it is regulated."

For students and clinical professionals who are learning anatomy, participating in a dissection lab, sharing anatomy knowledge with patients, or refreshing their anatomy knowledge, the Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy illustrates the body, region by region, in clear, brilliant detail from a clinician's perspective. Unique among anatomy atlases, it contains illustrations that emphasize anatomic relationships that are most important to the clinician in training and practice. Illustrated by clinicians, for clinicians, it contains more than 550 exquisite plates plus dozens of carefully selected radiologic images for common views. Presents world-renowned, superbly clear views of the human body from a clinical perspective, with paintings by Dr. Frank Netter as well as Dr. Carlos A. G. Machado, one of today's foremost medical illustrators. Content guided by expert anatomists and educators: R. Shane Tubbs, Paul E. Neumann, Jennifer K. Brueckner-Collins, Martha Johnson Gdowski, Virginia T. Lyons, Peter J. Ward, Todd M. Hoagland, Brion Benninger, and an international Advisory Board. Offers region-by-region coverage, including muscle table appendices at the end of each section and quick reference notes on structures with high clinical significance in common clinical scenarios. Contains new illustrations by Dr. Machado including clinically important areas such as the pelvic cavity, temporal and infratemporal fossae, nasal turbinates, and more. Features new nerve tables devoted to the cranial nerves and the nerves of the cervical, brachial, and lumbosacral plexuses. Uses updated terminology based on the second edition of the international anatomic standard, Terminologia Anatomica, and includes common clinically used eponyms. Includes image bank license of full set of Plates and bonus plates from prior editions which allows presentation sharing in groups of 10 or fewer as well as use in scientific poster presentations by active students. Complete Registered User License and institutional licensing information available at NetterReference.com. Also available, alternative versions of the 8th Edition: . Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy: A Systems Approach-paperback+eBook. Same content as the classic regional approach, but organized by organ systems. . Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy: Classic Regional Approach-paperback + eBook. . Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy: Classic Regional Approach with Latin terminology-paperback +eBook. All options contain the same table information and same 550+ illustrated plates painted by clinician artists, Frank H. Netter, MD, and Carlos Machado, MD.

Anatomy, to be sure, is the essential foundation of clinical practice, but it is much more than that. First and foremost, anatomy is a biological science. There is order and logic to the organization of the human body and the arrangement of its parts. And, as all sciences, anatomy offers challenge and discovery.

Concepts in Anatomy is not a textbook, but more of a brief handbook that is selective rather than encyclopedic in scope, conception rather than particular in its approach. It stresses general principles, so as to minimize rote learning, and it provides order and direction to the study of gross anatomy. Anatomy is inherently complicated and confusing; this volume helps you make sense of it in a way that also aims to inspire its study. Richly illustrated with original drawings, Concepts in Anatomy is a valuable resource for anyone currently studying or teaching the subject, or as a reference for advanced researchers.

This book forms part of the set, Comparative Anatomy and Posture of Animal and Human, and focuses on the skulls of Quaternary mammals and of Man since the acquisition of upright posture. Although the vast majority of the quadruped fossil species have a balanced postural adaptation, with no asymmetries or maxillo-mandibular dysmorphoses, the Hominine species that has acquired this readjustment of the body as well as a bipedal adaptation to the ground, will experience a series of postural imbalances starting with malocclusion in the genus Homo. In order to arrive at this conclusion, the cranio-facial architectural biodynamics of several species of fossil and current mammals have been analyzed over three decades. In addition, hundreds of skulls of anatomically modern Hominids have been examined, highlighting their occlusal offsets, variations, anomalies and pathologies.

Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology gives readers foundational information on anatomy and physiology. The text explains all the major systems of the human body in a concise, accessible way that successfully prepares students for further study. The book begins by introducing necessary terms and concepts in anatomy and physiology. The next six chapters are intended for use in a single semester and are devoted to histology, and the integument, skeletal, muscle, and nerve systems. The second half of the text addresses the circulatory and respiratory systems, the urinary, digestive, and reproductive systems, and the immune, endocrine, and lymphatic systems. The book includes appendices of useful tables for reference. The second edition features anatomical images of body planes and cavities, the skeleton, the heart, and the kidneys. It also includes new learning objectives, updated key terms and glossary entries, and fresh introductions and conclusions throughout. Ideal for two-semester courses in anatomy and physiology, Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology is designed to serve as an ancillary text for classes in nursing programs, those for emergency medical technicians, or in paramedical studies.

" Includes over 400 black and white photographs and radiographs depicting various views of bones " Presents side-by-side displays of photographs and radiographs of the same bones " Identifies significant comparisons among adult, juvenile, and fetal bones, along with bone contrasts in adults of different ages " Emphasizes visual elements by providing a detailed index and minimal text Human Skeletal Anatomy and Radiology: A Photographic Atlas features over 400 black and white photographs and radiographs revealing views of bones, or collections of bones, from both a distant perspective and a more detailed angle. This atlas of skeletal anatomy covers general and specific anatomic terms, includes side-by-side presentations of photographs and radiographs of the same bones to aid in recognition, and notes important comparisons among adult, juvenile, and fetal bones. Intended as a field guide for investigations and a lab guide in gross anatomy and skeletal specimen studies, this atlas provides easy and rapid identification of bone material.

Celebrated for its atlas-style format, appropriately detailed anatomical illustrations, and exceptionally clear photographs of tissues and cadavers, the Seventh Edition of the award-winning Human Anatomy presents practical applications of anatomy and physiology in a highly visual format. Select Clinical Notes feature dynamic layouts that integrate text with visuals for easy reading. Clinical Cases relate clinical stories that integrate text with patient photos and diagnostic images for applied learning. Time-saving study tools, including end-of-chapter practice and review, help students arrive at a complete understanding of human anatomy. This is the standalone book. If you want the package order: 0321687949 / 9780321687944 Human Anatomy with MasteringA&P (TM) Package consists of: 0321688155 / 9780321688156 Human 0321724569 / 9780321724564 Martini's Atlas of the Human Body 0321734890 / 9780321734891 MasteringA&P (TM) with Pearson eText Student Access Code Card for Human Anatomy 0321754182 / 9780321754189 Practice Anatomy Lab 3. 0321766296 / 9780321766298 Wrap Card for Human Anatomy with MasteringA&P

After yet another decade of leaming, experimenting, and inves tigating since my first book, Arterial System Dynamics, the many new medical breakthroughs and technological advances have inspired me to write this book to bridge the gap between basic research and clinical applications. The application of physical principles and quantitative approaches to the understanding of the arterial circulation and its interactions with the heart in normal and diseased conditions form the basis of The Arterial Circulation. Knowledge of the physiology and rheology of arteries, as well as all of their structural-functional corre lates, is a necessary prerequisite to the proper hemodynamic interpretatiqn of pressure-flow relations and the pulsatile transmis sion characteristics in different arteries. The natural coupling and interactions of the heart, the coronary circulation, and the arterial system necessitate analysis of alterations to global functioning. Modeling provides a tool for isolating and predicting parameter changes and is employed throughout the book. Experimental data are provided for model validations, and also for more realistic interpretations. Techniques and new methods for clinical hemo dynamic measurement and diagnosis are included to help the reader un derstand the physical principles underlying such abnormal cardiovascular functions as hypertension, stenosis, and myocardial ischemia. The progressive changes in vascular properties during aging are also discussed. Modem approaches utilizing computer mode ling and allomery are presented with selected examples, such as combined hypertension and aortic valve stenosis, and ventricular hypertrophy."

For students and clinical professionals who are learning anatomy, participating in a dissection lab, sharing anatomy knowledge with patients, or refreshing their anatomy knowledge, the Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy illustrates the body, system by system, in clear, brilliant detail from a clinician's perspective. Unique among anatomy atlases, it contains illustrations that emphasize anatomic relationships that are most important to the clinician in training and practice. Illustrated by clinicians, for clinicians, it contains more than 550 exquisite plates plus dozens of carefully selected radiologic images for common views. Presents world-renowned, superbly clear views of the human body from a clinical perspective, with paintings by Dr. Frank Netter as well as Dr. Carlos A. G. Machado, one of today's foremost medical illustrators. Content guided by expert anatomists and educators: R. Shane Tubbs, Paul E. Neumann, Jennifer K. Brueckner-Collins, Martha Johnson Gdowski, Virginia T. Lyons, Peter J. Ward, Todd M. Hoagland, Brion Benninger, and an international Advisory Board. Offers system-by-system coverage, including quick reference notes on structures with high clinical significance in common clinical scenarios and a muscle table appendix. Contains new illustrations by Dr. Machado including clinically important areas such as the pelvic cavity, temporal and infratemporal fossae, nasal turbinates, and more. Features new nerve tables devoted to the cranial nerves and the nerves of the cervical, brachial, and lumbosacral plexuses. Uses updated terminology based on the second edition of the international anatomic standard, Terminologia Anatomica, and includes common clinically used eponyms. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices. Provides access to extensive digital content: every plate in the Atlas?and over 100 bonus plates including illustrations from previous editions?is enhanced with an interactive label quiz option and supplemented with "Plate Pearls" that provide quick key points of the major themes of each plate. Digital content also includes over 300 multiple choice questions and other learning tools. Also available: . Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy: Classic Regional Approach-Same content as the systems approach, but organized traditionally, body region by body region. Both options contain the same table information and same 550+ illustrated plates painted by clinician artists, Frank H. Netter, MD, and Carlos Machado, MD.