1. Einleitung 2. 2.1. Der Stand der anatomischen Wissenschaft an der Schwelle zum 16. Jahrhundert 2.2.1 Biographie 2.2.2. Leonardos urologisch-anatomische Zeichnungen 3. Das 16. Jahrhundert 3.1 Andreas Vesal 3.1.1. Biographie 3.1.2. Vesals Abb. zum Urogenitalsystem 3.1.3. Vesals Konsil uber die Behandlung einer Nierensteinerkrankung 3.2 Charles Estienne 3.2.1. Charles Estienne - Biographie 3.2.2. Die Darstellung des Urogenitaltraktes bei Charles Estienne und Estienne la Riviere 3.3 Bartholomaeus Eustachi 3.3.1 Biographie 3.3.2 Eustachis urologisch-anatomische Graphik 4. Das 17. Jahrhundert 4.1 Regnier de Graaf 4.1.1 Biographie 4.1.2 De Graafs urologisch-anatomische Abbildungen 4.2 Godefridus Bidloo 4.2.1 Biographie 4.2.2 Bidloos urologisch-anatomische Abbildungen von 1685 5. Das 18. Jahrhundert 5.1. Giovanni Domenico Santorini 5.1.1. Biographie 5.1.2. Santorinis Darstellungen zum Plexus venosus vesicoprostaticus 5.2. William Cheselden 5.2.1. Biographie 5.2.2. Cheseldens Darstellungen zum Urogenitaltrakt 5.3. Weitere urologisch-anatomische Abbildungen aus dem 18. Jahrhundert 5.3.1. Urologisch-anatomische Buntkupferdrucke 6. Das 19. Jahrhundert 6.1. Justus Christian Loder 6.1.1. Biographie 6.1.2. Loders Darstellungen zum Urogenitaltrakt 6.2. Antonio Scarpa 6.2.1. Biographie 6.2.2. Scarpas Darstellungen zum mannlichen Urogenitaltrakt 6.3. Martin Munz 6.3.1 Biographie 6.3.2. Die Lithographischen Darstellungen von Martin Munz zumUrogenitaltrakt 6.4. Marc Jean Bourgery 6.4.1. Biographie 6.4.2. Farblithographische Darstellungen des Urogenitaltraktes im Atlas von Marc Jean Bourgery 7. Die Urologie an der Schwelle zum 20. Jahrhundert 7.1. Gustav Simon 7.1.1. Biographie 7.1.2. Die erste wissenschaftlich geplante Exstirpation einer Niere durch Gustav Simon 7.2. Henry Morris 7.2.1. Biographie 7.2.2. Die erste operative Entfernung einer Nebenniere aufgrund eines Tumorleidens durch Henry Morris 1885 7.3. Bernhard Bardenheuer 7.3.1. Biographie 7.3.2. Die erste totale Blasenexstirpation aufgrund eines Tumorleidens ohne Harnleiterneuimplantation durch Bernhard Bardenheuer 1887 7.4. Karl Pawlik 7.4.1 Biographie 7.4.2. Die erste totale Blasenexstirpation mit Harnleiterneueinpflanzung bei einer Frau durch Karl Pawlik 1889 7.5. Hugh Hampton Young 7.5.1 Biographie 7.5.2. Die erste perineale radikale Prostatavesikulektomie aufgrund eines Proststakarzinoms durch H. H.Young 1904 7.6. Friedrich Voelcker 7.6.1 Biographie 7.6.2. Die Erstbeschreibung der totalen Samenblasenexstirpation auf ischiorektalem Weg durch Friedrich Voelcker 1912 8. Schlussbetrachtung

Key Features 1) Detailed summary of every recorded variation and anomaly for each muscle in the human body 2) Information on comparative anatomy of each muscle (e.g., how each human muscle may appear in our closest living relatives, the apes). 3) Schematic illustrations of the variations and anomalies for easy visualization 4) Comprehensive literature review resulting in the most accurate prevalence information for each variation and anomaly 5) Diverse group of co-authors from various academic and cultural backgrounds

Reinforce your knowledge of structures, pathways, and relationships with this active and engaging review tool! Netter's Anatomy Coloring Book, 3rd Edition is cross-referenced to the bestselling Netter's Atlas of Human Anatomy, 8th Edition, so you know you're benefiting from reliable, up-to-date anatomical information. This comprehensive book is a fun and easy way to trace arteries, veins, and nerves through their courses and bifurcations, reinforce your understanding of muscle origins and insertions, and develop a better understanding of the integration of individual organs in the workings of each body system throughout the human form. Whether you are taking an anatomy course or just curious about how the body works, you'll learn and master anatomy with ease. Netter's Anatomy Coloring Book is a perfect companion to the Atlas of Human Anatomy by Frank H. Netter, MD, as well as Netter's Anatomy Flash Cards and Netter's Clinical Anatomy textbook. Presents each topic in two-page spreads-with outlines of Netter anatomical illustrations for coloring accompanied by high-yield information-that give context to the structures. Features illustrations small enough for quick coloring, but large enough to provide you with important details, as well as multiple views/planes for better understanding of spatial relationships. Offers tips for coloring key structures that emphasize how a coloring exercise can reinforce learning. Contains helpful tables that review muscle attachments, innervation, action, and blood supply. Features expanded Clinical Notes which highlight the importance of anatomy in medicine. Includes Summary Exercises and Review Questions at the end of each system to reinforce learning. Provides online access where you can search the complete contents of the book and view completed coloring pages-done by other students-for reference. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Hutton looks at Manchester and Oxford to provide a comparative history of anatomical study. Using the Anatomy Act as a focal point, she examines how these two cities dealt with the need for bodies over two centuries.

Key features: * Presents a concise, accessible guide to regional and clinically applied anatomy, that clearly demonstrates to students the level of knowledge that is required for medical and healthcare-related curricula. * Uses high-quality clinical and intra-operative images integrated into the text which emphasizes important topics through bullet points. * Features logically arranged seven sections, each devoted to a body region or system, which includes a self-test quiz, with the single best answer and spotter-style questions.

First published in 1990, this indispensable volume brings together authoritative, up-to-date, critical accounts of the present status of positron emission tomography (PET) in the study of movement disorders both in terms of the basic science relevant to PET and the clinical science related to the study of specific disease processes. For better understanding, it includes a review of the basic principles of PET and tracer kinetics. It also reviews clinical studies concerning Parkinson's and Huntington's disease, as well as some of the less common movement disorders such as progressive supranuclear palsy, olivopontocerebellar atrophy, and dystonia. Throughout the text, it emphasizes PET as a tool for the quantitative measurement of meaningful biochemical and physiological processes. This state-of-the-art work provides a perspective concerning the degree to which PET studies have advanced knowledge and the future role anticipated for PET. All clinical and basic researchers interested in functional imaging with PET and movement disorders will find this book an absolute must.

The Patella provides a comprehensive, practical approach to the management of disorders of the patella and extensor mechanism of the knee. Discussions of the basic sciences, physical exam and imaging of the patellofemoral joint are followed by treatment options, including arthroscopy, osteotomy, surgical management of patellar malalignment, patellofemoral arthritis, conservative care, and complications of surgery. Additional chapters include problems in the young patient and rehabilitation. With over 300 illustrations, this book is a must for all orthopaedic surgeons and residents.

The eminent physician and anatomist Dr William Hunter (1718-1783) made an important and significant contribution to the history of collecting and the promotion of the fine arts in Britain in the eighteenth century. Born at the family home in East Calderwood, he matriculated at the University of Glasgow in 1731 and was greatly influenced by some of the most important philosophers of the Scottish Enlightenment, including Francis Hutcheson (1694-1746). He quickly abandoned his studies in theology for Medicine and, in 1740, left Scotland for London where he steadily acquired a reputation as an energetic and astute practitioner; he combined his working life as an anatomist successfully with a wide range of interests in natural history, including mineralogy, conchology, botany and ornithology; and in antiquities, books, medals and artefacts; in the fine arts, he worked with artists and dealers and came to own a number of beautiful oil paintings and volumes of extremely fine prints. He built an impressive school of anatomy and a museum which housed these substantial and important collections. William Hunter's life and work is the subject of this book, a cultural-anthropological account of his influence and legacy as an anatomist, physician, collector, teacher and demonstrator. Combining Hunter's lectures to students of anatomy with his teaching at the St Martin's Lane Academy, his patronage of artists, such as Robert Edge Pine, George Stubbs and Johan Zoffany, and his associations with artists at the Royal Academy of Arts, the book positions Hunter at the very centre of artistic, scientific and cultural life in London during the period, presenting a sustained and critical account of the relationship between anatomy and artists over the course of the long eighteenth century.

Molecules to Medicine with mTOR: Translating Critical Pathways into Novel Therapeutic Strategies is a one-stop reference that thoroughly covers the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). mTOR, also known as the mammalian target of rapamycin, is a 289-kDa serine/threonine protein kinase that is ubiquitous throughout the body and has a critical role in gene transcription and protein formation, stem cell development, cell survival and senescence, aging, immunity, tissue regeneration and repair, metabolism, tumorigenesis, oxidative stress, and pathways of programmed cell death that include apoptosis and autophagy. Incorporating a translational medicine approach, this important reference highlights the basic cellular biology of mTOR pathways, presents the role of mTOR during normal physiologic function and disease, and illustrates how the mechanisms of mTOR can be targeted for current and future therapeutic treatment strategies. Coverage of mTOR signaling includes the entire life cycle of cells that impacts multiple systems of the body including those of nervous, cardiovascular, immune, musculoskeletal, endocrine, reproductive, renal, and respiratory origin.

Emiliano Zapata Salazar (1879-1919). Mexico. Fue uno de los lideres principales de la Revolucion Mexicana. Nacio en San Miguel Anenecuilco, distrito de Ayala, en el estado de Morelos el 8 de agosto de 1879. En septiembre de 1909 fue electo presidente de la junta de defensa de las tierras de Anenecuilco. Y en mayo de 1910 recupero por la fuerza las tierras de Villa de Ayala, que eran protegidas por el el jefe de la policia y las entrego a los campesinos de la zona. Algunos meses despues participo en la reunion que se celebro alli para discutir el Plan de San Luis. A finales de 1910 un enviado suyo fue a Estados Unidos para entrevistarse con Francisco I. Madero. Tras este encuentro Zapata decidio tomar las armas el 10 de marzo de 1911, proclamando el Plan de San Luis. Por entonces combatio en Chinameca, Jojutla, Jonacatepec, Tlayecac y Tlaquiltenango. En 1911 Zapata se convirtio en el lider revolucionario del sur. Reivindicaba una reforma agraria radical. Con el asesinato de Francisco I. Madero y el ascenso en el poder de Victoriano Huerta, la lucha armada se recrudecio y Zapata introdujo importantes reformas en Morelos, que lo opusieron a Venustiano Carranza, el nuevo presidente. En 1914 la Convencion de Aguascalientes adopto el Plan de Ayala y eligio como presidente provisional a Eulalio Gutierrez. Los grupos dirigidos por Francisco Villa y Zapata aceptaron los resultados de la Convencion, no el encabezado por el general Carranza, lo que provoco la continuacion de la guerra civil. En 1919 Jesus Guajardo le hizo creer a Zapata que estaba descontento con Carranza y que estaria dispuesto a unirse a el. Zapata le pidio pruebas y Guajardo se las dio. Acordaron reunirse en la Hacienda de Chinameca, Morelos, el 10 de abril, Zapata fue asesinado en una encerrona.

Your ticket to acing Clinical Anatomy

Clinical anatomy is the study of human anatomy as it relates to clinical practice. Unlike a basic anatomy and physiology course designed to teach general anatomical knowledge, clinical anatomy focuses on specific structures and issues that people may encounter in a clinical setting.

"Clinical Anatomy For Dummies" presents a friendly, unintimidating overview of the material covered in a typical college-level Clinical Anatomy course. Clear definitions, concise explanations, and plenty of full-color illustrations make "Clinical Anatomy For Dummies" the most accessible book available to supplement your classroom texts.Plain-English explanations make difficult concepts easy to graspTracks to a typical college-level Clinical Anatomy courseFeatures a 16-page color insert

Whether you're a student or a practicing healthcare worker, "Clinical Anatomy for Dummies" makes this subject accessible and easy to grasp.

How do you learn A&P best? Whatever your learning style...by reading, listening, or doing, or a little bit of each...the 3rd Edition of this new approach to anatomy & physiology is designed just for you. Tackle a tough subject in bite-sized pieces. A seemingly huge volume of information is organized into manageable sections to make complex concepts easy to understand and remember. You begin with an overview of the body, including its chemical and cellular structures, then progress to one-of-a-kind portrayals of each body system, grouped by function. Full-color illustrations, figures, sidebars, helpful hints, and easy-to-read descriptions make information crystal clear. Each unique page spread provides an entire unit of understanding, breaking down complex concepts into easy-to-grasp sections for today's learner. "Fast Facts" in each chapter contain interesting tips related to the system. "The Body at Work" addresses physiology of the system under discussion. "Life Lessons" apply A&P information to real-life situations. "Own the Information" exercises ask students to identify the most important points in each chapter and compare them to the learning objectives. Instructor resources: Ebook, testing resources, classroom & lecture planning resources, previous edition resources. Includes webinar recording, rollover guide to the book, questions & scenarios, PowerPoint slides, image banks, testbank Student resources: Interactive resources, flash cards, animations, podcast library, reference resources, audio glossary, PowerPoint slides

In 1768, Ahmad al-Damanhuri became the rector (shaykh) of al-Azhar, which was one of the most authoritative and respected positions in the Ottoman Empire. He occupied this position until his death. Despite being a prolific author, whose writings are largely extant, al-Damanhuri remains almost unknown, and much of his work awaits study and analysis. This book aims to shed light on al-Damanhuri's diverse intellectual background, and that of and his contemporaries, building on and continuing the scholarship on the academic thought of the late Ottoman Empire. The book specifically investigates the intersection of medical and religious knowledge in Eighteenth-Century Egypt. It takes as its focus a manuscript on anatomy by al-Damanhuri (d. 1778), entitled "The Clear Statement on the Science of Anatomy (al-qawl al-sarih fi 'ilm al-tashrih),". The book includes an edited translation of The Clear Statement, which is a well-known but unstudied and unpublished manuscript. It also provides a summary translation and analysis of al-Damanhuri's own intellectual autobiography. As such, the book provides an important window into a period that remains deeply understudied and a topic that continues to cause debates and controversies. This study, therefore, will be of keen interest to scholars working on the "post-Classical" Islamic world, as well as historians of religion, science, and medicine looking beyond Europe in the Early Modern period.

The way you perceive the world, plan, make decisions and communicate your thoughts and feelings depends on the function and hierarchical arrangement of cortical modules. The ability to both provide adaptive responses to our ever-changing environment and to pursue a useful role in society is the most important problem faced by present day neuroscientists. In essence, the workings of cortical modules define the nature of our soul, making each of us who we are. This book provides a breath-taking view of different perspectives by world renowned authorities as to the workings of these cortical modules both in the normal state and in mental disorders.

Applied Anatomy for the FRCA covers the anatomical knowledge that trainee anaesthetists who are revising for the Primary and Final FRCA exams will need. The topics covered are derived from the FRCA curriculum and include the most up-to-date version of past exam questions, in order to ensure targeted and successful exam revision. The content, illustrations and overall layout of this book ensure that common gaps in anatomical knowledge encountered by FRCA trainees are included. This reference is divided into sections pertaining to anatomical regions: head and neck, thorax, abdomen, spine, and the upper and lower limbs. The topics of importance to anaesthetists are presented under 'structures', 'circulation' and 'nervous system' (with relevance to regional anaesthesia). Each topic is extensively researched and presented in a simple format for maximum retention. This book makes learning and remembering applied anatomy as straightforward as possible. Applied Anatomy for the FRCA supplements the knowledge required by trainee anaesthetists appearing for the FRCA exams. Clinical educators will also find it useful in teaching. It serves as a practical reference for anatomical knowledge at any point in an anaesthetist's career. About the Editors Dr Bobby Krishnachetty has been a Consultant Anaesthetist at Southend University Hospital since 2010 and a college tutor for six years. She completed her diploma in medical education and is the author of The Final FRCA Structured Oral Examination: A Complete Guide. She is also the organiser of the regional teaching for Core trainees in the East of England school of anaesthesia, as well as Founder of the 'Southend Viva Club' Primary and Final FRCA SOE revision courses for more than nine years, and Cofounder of MRCS OSCE webinars. Mr Abdul Syed has been a Consultant Surgeon at Southend University Hospital since 2015. He is Lead for postgraduate teaching of surgical trainees, Cofounder of MRCS OSCE webinars and conducts Core surgical trainee interview skills courses. Mr Syed is also an Assessor for medical school interviews and an active participant in QI projects and research.

While many people practice yoga simply because it helps them feel good, the physiological basis for yoga's effects on the body and mind is often unknown or misunderstood. Understanding these physiological concepts can help to deepen your yoga practice. The Physiology of Yoga separates speculation from fact by examining how the body responds and adapts to yoga within many systems of the body: musculoskeletal, nervous, respiratory, cardiovascular, lymphatic, immune, endocrine, reproductive, and digestive. Straightforward explanations guide you in sorting through conflicting information about what yoga really can help you achieve and in evaluating whether certain yoga methods provide benefits to any or all of those systems. You can experiment with concepts through Try It Yourself sidebars, which focus on mindful movement, meditation, and breathing. The 14 Myth or Fact sidebars explore popular claims about yoga, such as whether a shoulder stand can stimulate the thyroid or if twists can detoxify the liver. You'll get the most current research to determine the validity of various claims so you can avoid practices that could be harmful or counterproductive and can decide for yourself what works for your practice. Finally, experience firsthand how yoga affects your physiology by exploring specific yoga poses and four sequences. Each sequence explains which of the physiological principles from the earlier chapters may be most prevalent in that sequence. With The Physiology of Yoga, you or your students can navigate all the conflicting views and opinions about the impact of yoga and learn to practice yoga while fully enjoying the benefits of mindful movement. CE exam available! For certified professionals, a companion continuing education exam can be completed after reading this book. The Physiology of Yoga Online CE Exam may be purchased separately or as part of The Physiology of Yoga With CE Exam package that includes both the book and the exam.

First published in 1990, this indispensable volume brings together authoritative, up-to-date, critical accounts of the present status of positron emission tomography (PET) in the study of movement disorders both in terms of the basic science relevant to PET and the clinical science related to the study of specific disease processes. For better understanding, it includes a review of the basic principles of PET and tracer kinetics. It also reviews clinical studies concerning Parkinson's and Huntington's disease, as well as some of the less common movement disorders such as progressive supranuclear palsy, olivopontocerebellar atrophy, and dystonia. Throughout the text, it emphasizes PET as a tool for the quantitative measurement of meaningful biochemical and physiological processes. This state-of-the-art work provides a perspective concerning the degree to which PET studies have advanced knowledge and the future role anticipated for PET. All clinical and basic researchers interested in functional imaging with PET and movement disorders will find this book an absolute must.

Comprehensive book on mitral stenosis not only compiles the existing published knowledge and literature about mitral stenosis in a succinct manner but also has input from experts having years of experience in this field. It will serve as an authentic reference and a ready reckoner for cardiology fellows, practicing cardiologists, academics and researchers

The intimate relationship between form and function inherent in the design of animals is perhaps nowhere more evident than in the musculoskeletal system. This book, about how function determines form, addresses the role of mechanical factors in the development, adaptation, maintenance, aging, and repair of skeletal tissues. The authors refer to this process as mechanobiology and develop their theme within an evolutionary framework. They show how degenerative disorders such as arthritis and osteoporosis are regulated by the same mechanical processes that influence normal development and growth. Skeletal Function and Form bridges important gaps among disciplines, providing a common ground for a multidisciplinary understanding.

Why use this coloring book? For more than 35 years, The Anatomy Coloring Book has been the #1 best-selling human anatomy coloring book A useful tool for anyone with an interest in learning anatomical structures, this concisely written text features precise, extraordinary hand-drawn figures that were crafted especially for easy coloring and interactive study. Organized according to body systems, each of the 162 two-page spreads featured in this book includes an ingenious color-key system where anatomical terminology is linked to detailed illustrations of the structures of the body. When you color to learn with The Anatomy Coloring Book, you make visual associations with key terminology, and assimilate information while engaging in kinesthetic learning. Studying anatomy is made easy and fun The Fourth Edition features user-friendly two-page spreads with enlarged art, clearer, more concise text descriptions, and new boldface headings that make this classic coloring book accessible to a wider range of learners. TABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACEACKNOWLEDGMENTSINTRODUCTION TO COLORING
ORIENTATION TO THE BODY 1. Anatomic Planes & Sections 2. Terms of Position & Direction 3. Systems of the Body (1) 4. Systems of the Body (2) 5. Cavities & LiningsCELLS & TISSUES 6. The Generalized Cell 7. Cell Division / Mitosis 8. Tissues: Epithelial 9. Tissues: Fibrous Connective Tissues10. Tissues: Supporting Connective Tissues11. Tissues: Muscle12. Tissues: Skeletal Muscle Microstructure13. Tissues: Nervous14. Integration of TissuesINTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM15. The Integument: Epidermis16. The Integument: DermisSKELETAL & ARTICULAR SYSTEMS17. Long Bone Structure18. Endochondral Ossification19. Axial / Appendicular Skeleton20. Classification of Joints21. Terms of Movements22. Bones of the Skull (1)23. Bones of the Skull (2)24. Temporomandibular Joint 25. Vertebral Column26. Cervical & Thoracic Vertebrae27. Lumbar, Sacral, & Coccygeal Vertebrae28. Bony Thorax29. Upper Limb: Pectoral Girdle & Humerus30. Upper Limb: Glenohumeral (Shoulder) Joint31. Upper Limb: Bones of the Forearm32. Upper Limb: Elbow & Related Joints33. Upper Limb: Bones / Joints of the Wrist & Hand34. Upper Limb: Bones / Joints in Review35. Lower Limb: Hip Bone, Pelvic Girdle, & Pelvis 36. Lower Limb: Male & Female Pelves37. Lower Limb: Sacroiliac & Hip Joints38. Lower Limb: Bones of the Thigh & Leg39. Lower Limb: Knee Joint40. Lower Limb: Ankle Joint & Bones of the Foot41. Lower Limb: Bones & Joints in ReviewMUSCULAR SYSTEM42. Introduction to Skeletal Muscle43. Integration of Muscle Action44. Head: Muscles of Facial Expression45. Head: Muscles of Mastication46. Neck: Anterior & Lateral Muscles47. Torso: Deep Muscles of the Back & Posterior Neck48. Torso: Muscles of the Bony Thorax & Posterior Abdominal Wall49. Torso: Muscles of the Anterior Abdominal Wall & Inguinal Region50. Torso: Muscles of the Pelvis51. Torso: Muscles of the Perineum52. Upper Limb: Muscles of Scapular Stabilization53. Upper Limb: Muscles of the Musculotendinous Cuff54. Upper Limb: Movers of the Shoulder Joint55. Upper Limb: Movers of Elbow & Radioulnar Joints56. Upper Limb: Movers of Wrist & Hand Joints57. Upper Limb: Movers of Hand Joints (Intrinsics)58. Upper Limb: Review of Muscles59. Lower Limb: Muscles of the Gluteal Region60. Lower Limb: Muscles of the Posterior Thigh61. Lower Limb: Muscles of the Medial Thigh62. Lower Limb: Muscles of the Anterior Thigh63. Lower Limb: Muscles of the Anterior & Lateral Leg64. Lower Limb: Muscles of the Posterior Leg65. Lower Limb: Muscles of the Foot (Intrinsics)66. Lower Limb: Review of Muscles67. Functional OverviewNERVOUS SYSTEM68. Organization69. Functional Classification of Neurons70. Synapses & Neurotransmitters71. Neuromuscular IntegrationCENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM72. Development of the Central Nervous System (CNS)73. Cerebral Hemispheres74. Tracts / Nuclei of Cerebral Hemispheres75. Diencephalon76. Brain Stem / Cerebellum77. Spinal Cord78. Ascending Tracts (Pathways)79. Descending TractsCENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: CAVITIES & COVERINGS80. Ventricles of the Brain81. Meninges82. Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM83. Cranial Nerves84. Spinal Nerves & Nerve Roots85. Spinal Reflexes86. Distribution of Spinal Nerves87. Brachial Plexus & Nerves to the Upper Limb88. Lumber & Sacral Plexuses: Nerves to the Lower Limb89. Dermatomes90. Sensory ReceptorsAUTONOMIC (VISCERAL) NERVOUS SYSTEM91. ANS: Sympathetic Division (1)92. ANS: Sympathetic Division (2)93. ANS: Parasympathetic DivisionSPECIAL SENSES94. Visual System (1)95. Visual System (2)96. Visual System (3)97. Auditory & Vestibular Systems (1)98. Auditory & Vestibular Systems (2)99. Taste & SmellCARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM100. Blood & Blood Elements101. Scheme of Blood Circulation102. Blood Vessels103. Mediastinum, Walls, & Coverings of the Heart104. Chambers of the Heart105. Cardiac Conduction System & the ECG106. Coronary Arteries & Cardiac Veins107. Arteries of the Head & Neck108. Arteries of the Brain109. Arteries & Veins of the Upper Limb110. Arteries of the Lower Limb111. Aorta, Branches, & Related Vessels112. Arteries to Gastrointestinal Tract & Related Organs113. Arteries of the Pelvis & Perineum114. Review of Principal Arteries115. Veins of the Head & Neck116. Caval & Azygos Systems117. Veins of the Lower Limb118. Hepatic Portal System119. Review of Principal VeinsLYMPHATIC SYSTEM120. Lymphatic Drainage & Lymphocyte CirculationIMMUNE (LYMPHOID) SYSTEM121. Introduction122. Innate & Adaptive Immunity123. Thymus & Red Marrow124. Spleen125. Lymph Node126. Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissue (M.A.L.T.)RESPIRATORY SYSTEM127. Overview128. External Nose, Nasal Septum, & Nasal Cavity129. Paranasal Air Sinuses130. Pharynx & Larynx131. Lobes & Pleura of the Lungs132. Lower Respiratory Tract133. Mechanism of RespirationDIGESTIVE SYSTEM134. Overview135. Oral Cavity & Relations136. Anatomy of a Tooth137. Pharynx & Swallowing138. Peritoneum139. Esophagus and Stomach140. Small Intesti

The author of a number of acclaimed, best-selling surgical atlases has collaborated again with an award-winning artist to produce another invaluable surgical resource. This highly regarded team provide a master-class in the demonstration of surgically relevant anatomy. Masquelet has attained world-renown in particular for his innovative flaps for reconstructive plastic surgery of the limbs, in this book he displays his unrivalled knowledge of surgery of the trunk, head, and neck. Every point of entry in required surgical procedures is described, and every procedure is illustrated with a sequence of drawings, displayed as the surgeon would see them, together with anatomical cross-sections.

This chart shows posterior view of the pharynx and shows sagittal section, deep side view, and tonsils. Illustrations provide various views of the larynx: anterior, posterior, side, cut-away side, top, and sagittal section. The chart also shows laryngeal function, including phonation, inspiration, and deep inspiration.

Recognition that aging is not the accumulation of disease, but rather comprises fundamental biological processes that are amenable to experimental study, is the basis for the recent growth of experimental biogerontology. As increasingly sophisticated studies provide greater understanding of what occurs in the aging brain and how these changes occur, new possibilities emerge for limiting the effects of aging on neural function. A single source reference is necessary to keep abreast of the recent advances and future directions of gerontology research. Brain Aging: Models, Methods, and Mechanisms offers a selective overview of the research in this rapidly expanding field. A valuable resource for new and established investigators of the aging brain, this volume reviews critical studies of brain aging in new animal models, as well as advances in brain imaging techniques that permit investigations in aging humans with increasingly higher resolution. Detailed discussions link the information from human and animal studies to illustrate a comprehensive picture of the mechanism of aging. Emphasizing normal brain aging rather than pathological degeneration, the text provides an understanding of fundamental age-related changes in the nervous system and hypothesis-driven research into their basis. The book includes critical analyses of the distinct methodological challenges inherent in investigating the aging nervous system. Contributions from distinguished leaders and pioneers in their respective fields address data and mechanisms, as well as models and methods that are key to the study of aging. Each chapter is extensively referenced and highlights experimental concerns that are magnified or unique to the aging brain. Outlining relevant methods and techniques, this book provides scientists, researchers, and clinicians with a broad understanding of the important progress and implications for the future of this significant field.

As one of the first cortical areas to be explored experimentally, the motor cortex continues to be the focus of intense research. Motor Cortex in Voluntary Movements: A Distributed System for Distributed Functions presents developments in motor cortex research, making it possible to understand and interpret neural activity and use it to reconstruct movements. Featuring viewpoints based on monkey and human studies, the book focuses on how neuronal activity changes during learning, discusses what the motor cortex encodes for, and covers the neuronal representations of voluntary movements and the mechanism of their generation during learning. Section 1 uses functional neuroanatomy and imaging studies to describe motor cortical function, and Section 2 provides an overview of studies about neural representations in the motor cortex. The third section concentrates on motor learning, and the final section highlights the reconstruction of movements using brain activity. Revealing many exciting applications of this rapidly expanding science, this book enhances our understanding of the generation of motor commands. It is an essential resource for neuroscientists interested in motor function, rehabilitation medicine practitioners, and biomedical engineers.